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AICHR Thematic Study on Women in Natural Disasters

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AICHR Thematic Study on Women in Natural Disasters Women in Natural Disasters: Indicative Findings in Unraveling Gender in Institutional Responses Women in Natural Disasters: Indicative Findings in Unraveling Gender in Institutional Responses An ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR) Thematic Study A Study Commissioned to the Department of Political Science, Ateneo de Manila University The Research Project Team Carmel Abao Principal Researcher and Case Study Writer for Indonesia and Thailand [email protected] Ms. Abao is a full-time faculty member at the Department of Political Science in the Ateneo de Manila University. She is currently working on her doctorate degree on Development Studies at the De La Salle University in Manila, Philippines. She has done consultancy and commissioned work for various organizations, and has published numerous works on labor and migration, social movements, international political economy, and Philippine governance. Liberty Chee Principal Researcher and Case Study Writer for Brunei Darussalam and Lao PDR [email protected] Dr. Chee is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science in the Ateneo de Manila University. She attained her doctorate degree in Political Science at the National University of Singapore (NUS). She has research and teaching experience in various universities in the Philippines, and in Singapore in the departments of political science, international relations, and modern languages. Maria Elissa Jayme-Lao Principal Researcher and Case Study Writer for Malaysia and Philippines [email protected] Dr. Jayme-Lao is an Assistant Professor and former Chair of the Department of Political Science in the Ateneo de Manila University. She attained her doctorate degree in Public Administration at the National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines. She is also the Director of the Institue of Philippine Culture. She has numerous publications on Philippine democracy, local governance, and in 2011, published work on the social impact of two tropical storms in the Philippines. Diana Mendoza Principal Researcher and Case Study Writer for Myanmar and Viet Nam [email protected] Dr. Mendoza is an Assistant Professor and the current Chair of the Department of Political Science in the Ateneo de Manila University. She attained her doctorate degree in Political Science/Asian and International Studies at the City University of Hong Kong. She serves as the Director for the Initiative for Southeast Asian Studies, and member of the Board of the Ateneo Center for Asian Studies. Her published works include topics on Philippine governance, women’s movements, and the ASEAN. Ma. Lourdes Veneracion-Rallonza Project Coordinator/Research Consultant/Lead Researcher and Writer Principal Researcher and Case Study Writer for Cambodia and Singapore [email protected] Dr. Veneracion-Rallonza is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science in the Ateneo de Manila University. She attained her doctorate degree in Political Science at the University of the Philippines-Diliman. She has been involved in consultancy work for the Office of the Presidential Peace Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP), UN Women, and AICHR-Philippines. She also served as the Senior Gender Adviser for the Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Commission (TJRC). Currently, she is a member of the International Advisory Board of the Asia Pacific Center on the Responsibility to Protect, University of Queensland, Australia. Dr. Veneracion-Rallonza also served as one of the Independent International Experts on a UN Mission on Gender and Transitional Justice in Colombia, and is one of the conveners of the Independent Working Group on Transitional Justice-Dealing with the Past (IWG TJ-DwP). Her publications include topics on women’s rights, women, peace and security, and human rights protection mechanisms. Carla Micaela Honasan Research and Technical Assistant Primary Researcher and Writer for Research Background [email protected] Ms. Honasan attained her master’s degree in Global Politics at the Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines. Her thesis explored the narratives of women in the urban poor. She’s worked as a Technical Assistant for the Transitional Justice and Reconciliation Commission (TJRC), the Independent Working Group on Transitional Justice-Dealing with the Past (IWG TJ-DwP), and for the Government Executive Course on Women, Peace and Security (GEC WPS) offered by the Department of Political Science of the Ateneo de Manila University. Howard Luistro Book Designer [email protected] Mr. Luistro studied Visual Communication at the University of the Philippines-Diliman. He has done various design projects for the advertising and food industries, and currently works as a freelance graphic designer and musician. Acknowledgement The Research Team would like to thank the ASEAN Indonesia: Komnas Perempuan; Yayasan Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights Tangul Bencan; Kapal Perempuan; Pusat (AICHR), particularly AICHR Philippines led Krisis; Perempuan Mahardhika; UNDP by Mr. Leo Herrera-Lim, for the opportunity to Indonesia; Badan Nasional Penanggulangan conduct this thematic study on women in natural Bencana disasters. We also thank the ASEAN Secretariat, the Regional EU-ASEAN Dialogue Instrument Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Lao (READI), and the Philippine Department of Women’s Union; Lao Red Cross; Ministry Foreign Affairs-Office of ASEAN Affairs for their of Labour and Social Welfare; Ministry of support. Natural Resources and Environment; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry; Ministry of The Research Team would also like to express Foreign Affairs; District Representatives/ our sincerest gratitute to all the research National Village Chiefs of Meoun and Feung; and focus Focal Persons (NFPs) who have assisted in the group discussion participants from Meoun organization, coordination, and conduct of our and Feung Districts. respective in-country research visits and actively participated and contributed their insights during Malaysia: Ministry of Women; Social Welfare the research validation workshop. The NFPs are: Office, Kota Bahru; and respondents from Mr. Mohammad Johardi bin Hamdi (Brunei Kem Kijang Village. Darussalam), Ms. Chhy Ratha (Cambodia), Ms. AA Sagung Dwinta Kuntaladara (Indonesia), Ms. Myanmar: Department of Social Welfare; Davong Oumavong (Lao People’s Democratic Department of Relief and Resettlement; Republic), Ms. Yin Yin Pyone (Myanmar), Dr. Ministry of Social Welfare and Relief and Alicia Izharuddin (Malaysia), Dr. Tamara Nair Resettlement (Singapore), Ms. Esther Geraldoy (Philippines), Mrs. Ravadee Prasertcharoensuk (Thailand), and Philippines: Department of Social Welfare Ms. Nguyen Thi Bich Thuy (Viet Nam). and Development; Department of Health; respondents from barangay Ugong, Sta. Cruz, And finally, we thank all institutions, civil society Laguna organizations, and individuals who participated as respondents in the research. Singapore: Ministry of Home Affairs, Singapore Civil Defence Force; Mercy International, Brunei Darussalam: Ministry of Culture, Youth Singapore Committee for UN Women; S. and Sports; National Disaster Management Rajaratnam School of International Studies; Centre; and focus group discussion participants and Singapore Red Cross from Tutong District Thailand: National Human Rights Cambodia: Ministry of Women’s Affairs; Commission; National Research Office; National Council for Disaster Management; International Relations Division of the Ministry of Health; Ministry of Environment; Department of Disaster Prevention and Provincial Council for Disaster Management Mitigation; Office of Women and Family (Kampot Province); Provincial Department Affairs, Ministry of Social Development and of Women’s Affairs (Kep Province); Oxfam Human Security; Trang Provincial Governor; Cambodia; focus group discussion participants Trang Provincial Staff from the following from Kompong Kandal, Aundong Khmer, departments: Social Development and Human Poek Koh, Krang Ampel, and Kompong Bay Security, Disaster Prevention and Mitigration, communes, Kampot Province and Kompong Natural and Environment, Fisheries, Trach commune, Kep Province. Agriculture and Extension, Internal Security of Trang; Village Chief and research respondents from the agricultural and rubber plantation/ fisheries villages in Trang Province Viet Nam: Ministry of Labour, Invalids, and Social Affairs; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Bureau of Social Protection; Ministry of Information and Communication; Center for Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation; National Steering Center for Natural Disaster Prevention and Control; Central Steering Committee on Natural Disaster Prevention and Control; Research Center for Female Labour and Gender of the Institute for Labour Science and Social Affairs; Viet Nam’s Women Union; Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union; UN Women Viet Nam. Table of Contents Acronyms i Executive Summary viii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Research Design 18 Chapter 3 Country Case Studies Chapter 3.1 Brunei Darussalam 27 Chapter 3. 2 Cambodia 33 Chapter 3.3 Indonesia 51 Chapter 3. 4 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 60 Chapter 3. 5 Malaysia 67 Chapter 3. 6 Myanmar 73 Chapter 3. 7 Philippines 84 Chapter 3. 8 Singapore 91 Chapter 3. 9 Thailand 108 Chapter 3. 10 Viet Nam 117 Chapter 4 Summary Observations 129 Chapter 5 Recommendations for the ASEAN on Women in Natural Disasters 132 Acronyms AADMER ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response ACDM ASEAN Committee
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