6 X 10.Long New.P65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82720-1 - Philostratus Edited by Ewen Bowie and Jas Elsner Index More information

Index

Note:c.8 = chapter 8; cc. 1, 2 = chapters 1, 2.

Abaris 172 agonothesia 122 ab epistulis graecis 29, 100 Agrippa, M. Vipsanius 118 Abradatas 312 Ajax (son of Telamon) 231,(Locrian)242, 244, Abraham 37, 208 313 Abydos (Memnoneion) 138 Alberti, de pictura 347 Academy 112, 113, 120, 121, 128 Alceidus 71 accuracy 17, 101, 104, 116, 120, 271 Alciatus 349 Achaea, legate of 23 Alcinous 184, 190, 191, 194, 200 Achilles 12, 30, 38, 39, 141, 155, 172, 180, 181, 183, Alciphron 9, 287, 290, 295, 297 184, 192, 193, 197, 210, 222, 224, 227, 228, aleipt¯es (leiptv, see-also ‘trainer’) 262, 264 230–47, 278, 295, 298, 309, 311, 317, 320, Alexander of Macedon 162, 191, 193, 227, 231, 328–30, 332 233, 236, 238, 245 Achilles Tatius 28, 135, 212, 224, 225, Alexander-histories 155 245 Alexander of Hypata 112 Acontius and Cydippe 302 Alexander Polyhistor 162 Acragas 172 Alexander (‘Clay-Plato’) of Seleucia 50, 62, 76, acrobatics 260 77, 80, 88, 98 acropolis, Athenian 21 Alexandria 71, 108, 120, 121, 141, 154, 161, 215, 217 Actaeon 135 Alexis 159, 160 actor 78, 302 allegory 235 adoxography 255 Amazons 35, 215, 235 Aeacidae 236, 245–7 Amenhotep III 136 Aegaleus, Mount 108 Ammianus Marcellinus 167 Aegeae 25 Ammon 239 Aegina 233, 239 Amoebus 71 Aelian 9, 26 Letters 26, 290, 296 varia historia Amphiaraus 312, 313 170, 173 Amphicles 22, 67 Aelianus, Casperius 180, 181 Amphion 43, 241, 315, 317, 329, 333 Aenianes 241, 245 Amymone 316, 328 Aeolus 181, 182, 184, 194, 196, 197 Anaxagoras 169 aerarium militare 34 Andocides 92 Aeschines 30, 67, 88, 92, 304 Andrians 310, 344 Aezani 121 Androclus 118 Africa 29, 198 Andromeda 135, 311 Africanus, Sex. Iulius 37, 39, 208 animal sacriﬁce c. 8 passim Agamemnon 177–8, 231 Anthologia Palatina (book, 7) 298, (book, 12) Agathion 207, 219, 279–80 299 Aghios Savas 100 Anthologia Planudea 40 agonistic 257, 264 anthologies 11, 28, 289, 294, 295, 297

389

390 Index

Antigone (in Imagines) 341 (Sophocles’ play) 125 Aristoxenus 54, 158–60 Antilochus 278, 279, 313, 328–9, 341 Arrian (L. Flavius Arrianus of Nicomedia) 13, Antioch 20, 154, 161, 187 70, 82, 227, 236 Periplus 9, 13, 235 Antiochus, P. Anteius 25 Arsinoe IV 118 Antipater 20, 25, 26, 61 Artayctes 215 antiquarian(ism) 9, 11, 12, 128, 255, 267, 294 Artemidorus 22 Antisthenes 83, 148 Artemis 112, 314 Antoninus Pius 54, 71, 80, 97, 122, 126 Artemisium 118 Antonius, Marcus 118, 124, 262 art-history 33, 43 Apamea 208 asceticism 18, 157, 160, 168 Apelles 347, 354 Asclepieia 264 Aphrodisias 122 Asclepius 44, 111 Aphrodite 149, 150, 232, 291, 292, 294, 301, 314, Asia 21 331 Asianist 78 Apollo 150, 163, 170, 172, 181, 185, 186, 194, 238, Aspasia 304 239, 246 Aspasius of Ravenna 25, 57, 100, 104 Apollonia (Phrygia) 120 Aspendus 159, 160 Apollonius, in honour of cc. 1, 2, 7, 8 and 9 passim asteios, urbane 94 and 10, 41, 45, 50, 70, 82, 101, 205, 230, 237, Athena 105, 149, 150, 153, 163, 164, 189, 207, 239, 241, 242, 280–2, 305, 320, 331, 332 244, 317 Apollonius’ Letters 156, 158–63, 166, 170, 171, 175, Athenaeus 71, 105, 158, 159, 161, 291, 292, 320 281, 296 Athenian(s) 19, 21–5, 54, 63, 76, 80, 96, 104, 105, Apollonius’ Life of Pythagoras 172 108, 113, 128, 147, 149, 164, 208, 215, 238–41, Apollonius of Athens (? C. Casianus Apollonius) 244, 263, 302 23, 24, 60, 81, 103, 105, 108–9, 127 Athens 19–25, 44, 55–7, 60–3, 78, 81, 97, 103–5, Apollonius, P. Aelius 108 108–14, 120–2, 127, 164, 184, 190, 212, 292, Apollonius, L. Pompeius of Ephesus 36 295, 298, 302 Apollonius of Naucratis 23, 24 athlete c. 12 passim and 140 Appian 118 athletics (see-also sport)c.12 passim and 16, 17, applause 66, 80 30 Appola (Phrygia) 120 Atlas 333 Apsines 25, 26, 57 Attaleia (Pamphylia) 122 Apuleius 135 apologia 159, 168–70 de deo Socratis Attalus (son of Polemo) 124 169 Florida 170 Attica 19, 212 Aqueduct, Marnas 118 Attic (Greek) 21, 218, 279 (cloak) 158 Araspes 59 Atticism, Atticist 66, 67, 78, 86, 207, 212, 214–15, Arcadia(n) 166 219, 293, 297, 333 Archaeological record c. 6 passim audience (see also readership) 50–2, 61, 65–7, 80, archaic poetry 53 83, 164, 221, 256, 290, 319, 320, 324, 326, Archimedes 125 327, 329, 336–9 archonship, Athens 108 Miletus 114 auditorium aÉditÛrion 116, 118, 127 Arete ìAret 119, 121, 127, 145–8, 174 Aurelius (sophist) 77 Argos 150, 239 Aurelius Victor 185 Ariassus 121 autopsy 13, 104, 133 Aristaenetus 226 Aristaeus 55 Babylon 132, 178, 179 Aristides, P. Aelius 8, 26, 27, 72, 73 Panathenaic Bacchants 329 oration 72 Bacchis 291–3 Aristion, Ti. Claudius 118 Bacchus entrusted to the nymphs 344, 352 Aristocles of Pergamum 82 Bacchylides 312 Aristodemus of Caria 318 Balbilla, Julia 138 Aristophanes Clouds 146 Balbura 121 Aristotle 44, 159, 160, 163, 165, 169–72, 208, 262, beard 76, 77, 81–4, 96, 298–9, 348 263, 324, 325 Bellerophon 288 Aristotle Physics 44 benefactions 78, 102, 120, 148, 149, 263, 264

Index 391

Bermion, Mount 113 Centre for the Study of Greek and Roman bilingual 117, 138 Antiquity xii biography 5, 7, 15, 56, 134, 141 Ceos 239, 245 Bithynia 120 Cephisodora, Aelia 23 Black Sea 13, 232, 233, 235 Cephisodora, Iulia 23 Blaise de Vigenere` 344, 348, 351 Cephisodorus 108 body c. 12 passim Cephisus (river) 105, 108 bodyguard 66 Ceramicus 108, 112, 127 Boeotia 113, 239 Chabrias 112 books 88, 117, 138, 142 Chaeronea 69 Bosporus 10, 310, 317, 318 Chalcis 22 bouleuterion 77 chair(s) 21–4, 97, 108, 113, 127 Bourdieu 64 Charicleia 246 boy(s) 6, 9, 24, 66, 71, 78, 87, 277, 288, Charidemus 96 293–5, 298–9, 324, 326–8, 331, 334–8, Chariton 14, 28, 122, 127, 220, 302 346 Charybdis 185, 186, 188, 194, 198 Boy with a Basket of Fruit 346, 354 Chersonese, Thracian 30, 207, 215, 216, 218, 224, Bradˆ (Syria) 119 230 Brahman 145, 162, 180–2 Chion of Heraclia 289 bronze 15, 54, 320, 350 Chios 20, 122, 187, 320 buildings 102 Chiron 268, 316, 332 burial c. 6 passim chorus 241 Byzantine 132 Chrestus of Byzantium 23 Byzantium 23, 52, 60, 81 Christ, Jesus 36, 37, 208, 346 Christian(s) 7, 10, 36–8, 45–6, 145, 170, 208, 209, Caesarea Mazaca 23 244, 344 Calanus 162 Chrysippus Calasiris 4 Cibyra 121 Calchas 179, 184 Cicero 151, 165, 169 Brutus 77 Letters 287, 288, Callicles 44 296, 303 Callimachus 174, 245, 295 Cilicia 19, 21, 22, 112, 120 Callistratus 7, 15, 348, 351 Circe 186, 193, 330 Calydonian boar 110 Cithaeron 329 Calypso 187–9, 191, 192, 194, 200 citizenship, Roman 10, 33, 34, 111 Cambyses 136 city state 34 Candaules 225 Cius 120 canon 17 Claros 152, 238, 239 Capitoline games 30 Clazomenae 25 Capitolinus, L. Flavius 20 Clearchus 165 Cappadocia 23, 101 Cleidemus 240 Caracalla 20, 25, 33, 34, 37, 61, 113, 207, 231, Cleisthenes 20, 112 236–8 Clement of Alexandria 45, 161 Caravaggio c. 16 passim Cleopatra VII 118 Caria 54, 123, 319 Clepsydrion 22 Cassandra 313 cloak, tribÛnion 82, 84, 86, 99, 158 Cassius Dio 20, 34, 37, 97, 114, 118, 156, 185, Clytaemnestra 178 237 ‘Coan’ style 88 Catania 186 Colonus 215 Catullus 220, 289 colour c. 14 passim Cebes 136 Comedy, Middle 159, 160 Celaenae 336 Commagene 26 Celsus, Ti. Iulius Polemaeanus 116–19, 121, 122, commentaries 45 128 Commodus 14, 23 Celsus (Platonist) 135, 147 compendia 45 centaurs 315 Comus¯ 315, 319, 329

392 Index

consolation 72, 73 dialogue 9, 13, 26, 207–11, 217, 221, 223 Constantinople 154 Diana 135 constitutio Antoniniana 33 Dicaearchia (Puteoli) 165, 182, 188, 190, 199 conversion 207–9 Dictys 30, 210, 225 Corcyra 190, 194, 200 Didyma 152 Corinth 31, 62, 121, 232, 243, 323, 330 diet 39, 85, 266, 276 Cos 209, 239, 242, 263 digression 223–4 cosmopolitanism 34 dilettantism 17 court, imperial 66, 238 Dio of Prusa (Chrysostomus) 8, 12, 25, 30, 33–6, Craneion (Corinth) 121 58, 70, 72–3, 76, 96–8, 132, 134, 151 Euboean Crates 83, 84 (Or. 7) 211–12, 217, 218, 290 Olympian Crete 30, 42, 45, 173, 240 (Or. 12) 12, 132, 134, 152, 153, 281, 329 Critias 60, 63, 304 Diodorus of Aspendus 159 critic 36, 62, 63, 65 Diodorus Periegetes 122 Critheis¯ 312 Diodorus Siculus 160, 161 Croton 161, 171, 172 Diogenes of Sinope 83, 84 Ctesidemus 31, 55 Diogenes Laertius 38, 151, 156, 158–61, 163, 169, Cupids (see-also Erotes¯ ) 309, 310, 314, 350 170, 173 Cyclopes 24, 179–81, 188, 193, 194, 196, 218 Diogenianus 69 Cynic(s), Cynicism 72, 73, 83–7, 105, 132, 147, Diomedes (Homeric hero) 11 (Thracian king) 148, 279 215 Cyprus 294 Dionysia 122 (Smyrna) Cypselus, chest of 330 Dionysiac 16 Cyrenaics 84 Dionysius of Miletus 51, 59, 70, 78, 105, 114–19, Cyrus 60 123, 127, 128 Cyzicus 239 Dionysius, P. Aelius 108 Dionysius Scytobrachion 210 Daedalus 137, 333, 341 Dionysus 122, 301, 310, 331, 337 daemon 166–9, 173, 190 Dioscorides 243 Damianus, T. Flavius 19, 52, 55, 88, 103, 123 Dipylon gate 112 Damis 13, 24, 29, 132, 133, 135, 137–44, 146, 153, Discobolus 339 174, 178–80, 182, 185, 188–90, 194, 197, 200, discord, stasis 72, 73 201, 320 divine, the c. 7 passim 163–9, 212, 213 Dareius 233 divinities 34, 133 Dares the Phrygian 210, 225 doctors 97, 263–7 Dawn 142, 143 Dodona 232, 240 death c. 6 passim Domitian 29, 58, 145, 155, 168, 172, 174, 175, Decius (emperor) 36 179–82, 185, 188, 189, 191, 192, 194, 197 declamations meltai 14, 17, 19, 21, 22, 25, 26, drama 9 30, 43, 51, 59, 62, 64–6, 68, 73, 77, 78, 80, dream 22, 138, 187 111, 119, 125, 126 Dyme 270 decline 39, 265, 267, 268, 274 degeneracy, degenerate 36, 83, 253, 261, 267, 268, Echo and Narcissus 344, 347, 352 275–7, 280–2, 321 ecphrasis 6–8, 10–12, 14, 15, 27, 29, 134, 135, 141, Del Monte, Cardinal 346, 347, 349, 350, 354 143, 144, 146, 147, 153, 154, 213, 225, 245, Delos 232, 238–41, 244 278, 311, 313, 314, 320, 322, 324, 326, 327, Delphi 77, 112, 113, 185, 212, 239, 245–7 332, 336–8, 340, 344, 348–52 Demetrius (the Cynic) 24, 182, 187–9, 194, 199, ecplexis,awe67, 143 200 education 7, 8, 11, 16, 17, 20, 21, 26, 35, 39, 40, Demonax 27, 85, 98 44, 62, 69, 72, 73, 79, 87, 95, 100–4, 119, demosion sema 112, 113 127, 150, 159, 192, 217, 219, 251, 252, 255, Demosthenes 59, 77, 92 261–5, 273, 278, 280, 282, 290, 295, 297, Demostratus 54 298, 318, 323, 326–7, 334, 341, 342 dialexeis 41, 43 effeminacy 80, 88, 257, 280 Dialexis 2 34, 41–5 Egypt 120, 136, 137, 184–6, 292

Index 393

Egyptian(s) 36, 134, 141, 149, 173, 190, 242, Eunapius 7, 15 262 Euodianus 103, 114 eidolon¯ 134, 143, 152 Eumelus 318 eikon¯ 134, 143 Eumolpid 111 Elagabalus 164 Euphrates (philosopher) 86, 144 (river) 26 Elaeous 231 Euphorbus 15, 165 Electra 228 Euripides 222, 240, 245, 258, 288, 324, 329, Eleusinian Mysteries 23, 105, 108 342 Eleusinion 105 Eusebius 7, 36–8, 139, 170 Eleusis 24, 57, 78, 105, 109–12, 128 Eustathius 105 Elis 270, 281 Euthias 292–3 elite 25, 30, 34–6, 38, 53, 62, 66, 70, 72, 78, 87, exclusivity 36 88, 95–9, 101–3, 114, 123, 126–8, 205, 215, ex¯eg¯et¯es 118, 132, 135, 140, 330–2, 335–7, 339 217, 219, 251, 252, 256, 263, 283, 342 Exodus 37 Elpinice 103 exorcism 37 embassy 24, 108, 126 expertise 53 Empedocles 182 ex tempore 8, 15, 22, 24, 53, 62, 63, 66 emperors, Roman 16, 98, 179, 191, 226, 302 empire, Roman 11, 28, 33, 35, 56, 63, 98, 99, 177, Favorinus 30, 58, 60, 74, 252, 320 191, 211, 251, 252, 256, 270, 275, 279, 287, fees 24, 71, 79, 85 290, 303, 305, 324, 325 festival(s), festival culture 18, 24, 25, 72–3, 133, enargeia 222, 311 252, 253, 255, 263, 270, 281 encomium 7–9, 24, 155, 157, 304 fiction 6, 11–13, 33, 36, 50, 140, 144, 145, 175–7, encyclopedia, encyclopedic 14, 37, 255, 256, 317 245, 287, 293, 296, 331 ephebe 23, 108, 216, 220, 223 fish 266, 276, 283 Ephesus 19, 21, 36, 37, 55, 71, 103–5, 113–19, 122, flattery (colaceutic¯e) 266 123, 127, 128, 172, 187, 264 Flavian emperors 96 epic 25, 28, 134, 176, 190, 295 flute, aulos 82 Epictetus 35, 70, 71, 76, 82–3, 85–7, 98 forensic orator(y) 66, 70 Epicurean 39, 85, 97, 162, 224 freedom 34 epideictic, epideixis 21, 22, 25, 26, 134, 321, 323 Freud 64 epigram 19, 21, 27, 28, 32, 105, 126, 295, 298, 299, Fronto 14, 72, 320 313 funeral games 113, 328 epiphany, epiphanic 21, 138, 141–3, 148, 152, 153, funerary garden k¦pov 120–1, 127 207, 210, 214, 217 Epirus 57 Galen 46, 72, 252, 253, 255, 282 On exercise with epistat¯es (trainer) 264 the small ball 259 On maintaining health 259 epitaph 22, 102, 104, 115, 118, 121, 128, 262, 298 On the power of foods 266 On prognosis 259 equestrian posts 114 Protreptic 258–60 Thrasyboulos 253, 258–9, Er 149, 164 262, 265, 266 Eriae gate (Athens) 112 gallery, art 40 Eros¯ , Erotes¯ 311, 331, 340 games (agones¯ , see also festival) 264 erotic, eros¯ , rwv 6, 9, 25, 28, 31, 187, 212, 213, games, Olympic (Smyrna) 78 219–21, 223–6, 231, 245, 272, 289–91, Ganymede 301 293–300, 305, 328, 329, 334, 335, 339, 341 Gaul 20, 25, 79, 314 Erythrae 20 Geertz 74 Ethiopia(n) 29, 134–7, 142–5, 147, 150, 158, 311, Gellius, Aulus 158, 159, 320 329, 335 geographical location 211, 237 ethnicity 35 Gerenus 276 ¯ethopoeia 291 Germanicus 136, 137 Etna 186, 332 Getae 25 Euboea 113, 212 giants 209 Eudoxus of Heraclia 162, 163 Gimignani, Giacinta 352 Euhemerus 210 Girdles (Kesto©) 37, 39 Euhippe 302 Glaucus (boxer) 271 (sea god) 312

394 Index

Glaucus, T. Flavius 71 Heraclides (sophist) 24, 66, 81, 103, 113 Glycera 291 Heraclides Ponticus 163, 165 gods 98, 132, 133, 148, 154, 166, 170, 174, 181–3, Heraclitus of Rhodiapolis 263, 264 189, 226, 232, 234 herm 220, 221, 226 go¯es,sorcerer156, 157 Hermes 189, 258, 315, 317, 329, 333 go¯eteia,sorcery(see also magic) 15, 156, 170, 174 Hermocrates 76, 103 Gordian(s) 29, 50, 51 Hermogenes 71, 76 Gordian I 29, 50 hero(es) 11, 15, 38–40, 132, 142, 148, 164, 267–70, Gordian III 29, 50, 51 324, 325 Gorgias 15, 16, 30, 67, 77, 184, 210 hero cult 38–40, 141, 206, 207, 231, 233, 234 grammaticus 72 Herodes Atticus 15 22, 23, 25, 26, 30, 51, 54, 55, Greece, old 35 57, 61–2, 67, 70, 77–9, 91–2, 103, 105, 111, Greece under Rome 5, 11, 12, 218, 233, 236, 342 128, 219, 279, 280 Greekness, Greek identity (see also Hellene, Herodes’ children 111 Hellenism) 30, 35, 64, 65, 68, 99, 132, 205, Herodian (historian) 83, 85, 185, 237, 238 206, 252, 254 Herodicus of Megara 263 guilds (synodoi) 262, 263 Herodotus 146, 184, 209–10, 214–16, 225, 228, Gyges 225 231, 241, 242, 292, 326 gymnasia 263, 283 Heroicus cc. 10 and 11 passim and 38–41, 43, 45, gymnast¯es 252, 254, 256, 257, 264 141, 142, 148, 184, 277, 282 Gymnasticus c. 12 passim and 39–40, 44, 45, 324 heroon¨ 118, 121, 128, 230 Gyraean rocks 313 Hesiod 59, 71, 218 Hesperides 146 Hades 183, 184, 194 Hesychius 111 Hadrian (emperor) 13, 35, 58, 74, 97, 111, 114, 120, Hierapolis 19, 25, 26, 239 122, 137, 231 Hieronymus of Rhodes 161, 169 Hadrianoutherae 26 hierophant¯es 108, 111 Hadrianus (sophist) 19, 23, 24, 55, 80, 96 hierok¯eryx 109 hair, hairstyle 76, 81, 82, 84, 91, 96, 147, 158, 159, Hippias 77, 98, 210 241, 309, 316, 327, 335, 336, 339, 347–52, 354 Hippocrates 257, 263 handbooks 21, 53 Hippodromus of Larissa 19, 24, 31, 56, 76, 77, harp, harp-player 71, 136 80–1, 95, 113 healer 38 Hippolytus (bishop of Rome) 37, 45 (son of Hector 11, 226, 227 Theseus) 44 Hegesianax 210, 225 Historia Augusta 37, 74, 208 Helen 58, 184, 190, 224, 226 historiography 13, 25, 60, 66, 67, 141, 154, Helicon 240 208–10, 318 (local) 330 Heliodorus Aethiopica 4, 135, 137, 221, 224, 235, history, historical 7, 12, 13, 43, 128, 177, 179, 237, 245, 246 (sophist) 20, 25, 104 241, 244, 247, 253–5, 264, 265, 267, 272, Helios (Sun) 138, 142, 187, 332 273, 282, 292, 293, 296, 305, 321, 330 Helix, Aurelius 30, 31 Hitchcock 56 Hellanodic¯es 271 Homer(ic) 8, 11, 12, 14, 27, 30, 38–40, 58, 59, 71, Hellene, Hellenism (see also Greekness) 6, 16–18, 77, 96, 97, 126, 134, 137, 138, 140, 142, 144, 29, 35, 36, 38–40, 45, 46, 60, 63, 131, 132, 152, 153, 172, 179, 206–11, 217, 219, 220, 222, 143, 145, 147, 150, 152, 158, 177, 211, 214–17, 228, 230, 234, 235, 245, 247, 278, 288, 294, 219, 246, 253, 255, 258, 271, 277, 280, 283, 298, 311, 313, 324, 326–30, 342 317, 342 Homer, Odyssey c. 9 passim and 58, 217, 218, Hellenism, Roman 280 223–4, 237, 312 Hellenistic 35, 228, 231, 238, 242, 298, 299, 302 hoplite general 20, 21, 24, 25, 108 Heordaean Macedonians 113 Horace 324 Hephaestus 327, 330 humanism 17 Hera 150, 330 humour 26, 256, 257, 259, 274, 275, 277, 283, Heracles 40, 176, 177, 193, 209, 242, 243, 246, 290, 291, 296 279, 313, 330, 333 hunters 212 Heraclia Pontica 163 Hunters 40, 310, 314, 317, 329

Index 395

hunting 79 late antiquity 34, 38, 123, 131 Hyacinthus 295, 311, 312 Latin 34, 99 Hyllus 209 Law 70, 97 hymns 239, 243, 246 Lebadeia 173 Hypata 112, 113 lecture(s) 24, 263 Hyperides 240, 291, 292 Lemnos 8, 19, 20, 25, 39, 42, 45, 57, 232, 240, 243–4 Iamblichus (neo-Platonist) 156, 159–61, 163–5, Lesbian marble 78 169, 170, 172–3 Lesbos 114, 184, 237, 239 Iambulus 210 Letters (of Philostratus) c. 13 passim and 205 Iarchas 181–3, 188, 194 letter-writing c. 13 passim and 9, 13, 25, 26, 31, Ida, Mount (Troad) 54, (Crete) 173 41 Ilyas (Pisidia) 120 Leucas 186, 199 images, sacred 132, 133, 137, 138, 141, 142, 149, 152, Leuce 215, 231, 235 154 Leucothea 189, 190, 194, 195, 200 images, visual 21, 132, 134, 135, 141, 143–5, 153 Libanius 40 Imagines cc. 13, 14, 15 and 16 passim and 40–1, library 24, 109, 122, 128, 264; of Celsus 116–18, 43–5, 135, 140, 144, 153, 205, 226 121, 122, 128 Imagines, Second (by Philostratus the Younger) 6, Lindos 40 7, 278, 309, 310, 318, 322, 325 line, drawing 309, 310, 321 immunity 25, 31, 78, 97, 100, 102, 113 Linus 71 India 29, 178, 180, 181, 190, 233 literary criticism 33, 39 Indians 36, 143–5, 158, 162, 165, 166, 182, 237 Lives of the sophists cc. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 passim 45, 146, interview 55, 104, 183 205, 212, 219, 279–81, 303, 305 Ion of Chios 320 local tradition 104, 174, 175 Ionia(n) 20, 25, 26, 118, 217, 219 Locris 234, 241–2, 244, 245 Iotape (Cilicia) 120 locus amoenus 11, 214 Irenaeus 45 logoi 323 Isaeus 21, 51, 80, 88 logos 39, 41–4, 258, 273, 275, 309, 313, 320, 324, Isis 135, 242 326 islands 4, 10 Lollianus, P. Hordeonius 21, 71 Isocrates 160 Longinus 214 Ister 54 Longus, Daphnis and Chloe 135, 217, 318, 330, 335 Italy 5, 34, 162, 199 Looms 315 Ithaca 186, 191–2, 194, 200, 207 Lotus-eaters 178, 194, 195, 221 Lucan 257 Jerome 139 Lucian 5, 6, 10, 13, 14, 16, 22, 26–8, 31, 36, 67, 70, Jew(s) 35 102, 127, 159, 289, 290, 309, 330, 331 Jonson, Ben 300 Alexander 27, 156 Anacharsis 257, 274 Josephus 118 Apology 26 Calumny 40, 147 Cock 156, 161, Julia Domna 4, 12, 14, 20, 29, 31, 37, 113, 287, 165 On dancing 255 Demonax 27, 82–6, 98 302, 305 Dialogues of the gods 163 Eunuch 83–6 Julia Mamaea 37, 303 Fabricators of lies 27, 136, 137, 159 Fishermen Juvenal 84–5, 159, 257 83–7, 91 On the house 27, 30, 314, 318, 320, 326, 334 Lexiphanes 22 Metamorphoses 28 krasis 39 Mistaken critic 67 Nigrinus 76, 84–6 Parasite 255 Peregrinus 27, 84–7, 162, 163 Lacan 64 Philosophical lives for sale 83–6, 161 Portraits Laciadae 105, 108 27, 40, 226, 328 Runaway slaves 83–7 Sham lalia 52 sophist 67, 82 On the Syrian Goddess 27 landholding 34 Teacher of rhetors 67, 76–80, 82 Toxaris 27, Laodamia 220 136, 137 True histories 27, 53 Twice accused Laodicea ad Lycum 54, 104, 105, 119, 120, 123, 26, 83–5, 87 Zeuxis 309, 316 124 Lucius (a philosopher) 78 Larissa 113, 235, 238 Lucius Verus 111

396 Index

Lycia 24, 103, 113, 114, 128 Moeragenes 156 Lydia 120, 121, 263 Museum 114 lyre 82, 136 Muses 163, 164 Lysias 92, 218 music, musician 15, 71, 260, 261, 263, 324 Musonius Rufus 5, 31 Macarius of Alexandria 120 Myron 339 Macrinus 83 Myrrhine 28, 292, 293 magic, magician (see also go¯es,sorcerer, go¯eteia, myth, mythology 8, 12, 23, 40, 122, 128, 142, 143, sorcery) 7, 29, 83, 144, 145, 156, 168, 170 146, 153, 177, 179, 182, 183, 209, 210, 213, Mandaulis 138, 141 228, 237, 240, 245, 294, 295, 297, 301, 302, Marathon 123, 219 318, 323–5, 330–2, 341, 342 marble 15, 78, 317 Marcus Aurelius (emperor) 22, 23, 111 Nabokov 66 Marcus of Byzantium 52, 60, 81, 82, 95 naked sages (gymnoi) 134, 144, 145, 185 A Marsh 310, 311 Naples 6, 31, 40, 226, 310, 322, 323 martyrium 123 Narcissus c. 16 passim and 40, 43, 309, 315, 334, Marzio Milesio 348 336–9, 341 Masculinity 80, 259 narrative 71, 131, 132, 135, 219, 222–4, 288, 289, Mauss 75 291, 293, 296, 297 Maximus (of Tyre) 146, 165 narrative voice 50 Mede, Median 314, 317 narrator 49–50, 53, 54, 57, 59, 61, 63–8, 153, 184, Medea 232 188, 194, 207, 323 medical contests 261, 264 nature 31, 39–43, 96, 268, 273, 276, 312 medicine 15, 39, 251–3, 255, 258–62, 264–7, 273, Naucratis 19, 23, 24, 55, 56, 60, 76 275, 283 Nausicaa 187, 330 Megara 109, 112, 263 Neoptolemus 235, 239, 245–7 Megasthenes 162 Nero 5, 16, 17, 29, 31, 145, 179, 180, 185, 189, 194, Megistias 81 196, 197 meirakia 24 Nerva 97, 188 Meleager 294 Nestor 11, 222, 278, 328 Melicertes 232 Nicagoras 25 Melite (Attic deme) 113 Nicagoras, M. Iunius 109 Melitine, Aurelia 20 Nicander 60 Memmius, C. 118 Nicetes 25, 29, 35, 100 Memnon (hero) 312, 313, 316, 329 (colossus) Nicostratus 40 136–45, 148, 149, 153 Nigrinus (see also Lucian, Nigrinus) 82 memory, collective 101 Nile 144, 339 Menander (poet) 290, 291 (rhetor) 31, 43 Nineveh 29, 179 Menecrates 31 Ninus 335 Menelaus 190, 328–9, 341 nomos 42–3 Menippus 187 novel(ists) 5, 10, 14, 27, 28, 102, 132, 134, 135, Menoeceus 311, 314, 334–6, 342 154, 155, 176, 187, 195, 220, 226, 288, 289, Meropes 209 295, 335 Merton College 139 Numenius of Apamea 208 Messene (Messina) 186, 188, 194, 198 nymphs, nymphaeum 191, 195, 201, 240, 331 Mestrius Florus 36 Metapontum 170, 172 Ocean(us) 183, 193 Michelangelo 350 odeion 26 Midas 142, 310 Odysseus c. 9 passim and 8, 39, 41, 207, 224, 225, Miletus 51, 70, 111, 114, 122, 187 237, 312, 330 Milo 140, 264 Oenoanda 121 mim¯esis 133, 134, 143, 144, 150, 152, 154, 222, 225, Oenomaus 312, 350 227, 318, 320, 321, 325, 340, 341 Ogygia 187–9, 191, 194 Minos 183, 239 Olympia 20, 24, 134, 140, 149, 212, 254, 271, 281, Mithradates 118 304, 330, 350

Index 397

Olympic games (Olympia) 30, 270, 280 pederastic 223 (Smyrna) 122 Pelion 232 Olympic victory 30, 31, 277 Pelops 312 Olympieium (Athens) 120 Peneius 43–5 Olympiodorus, M. Aurelius 113 Penelope 178, 187, 193 Olympus (Mount) 43–5 Pentheus 329 Olympus (aulos-player) 311, 312, 336 pepaideumenos 12, 15, 58, 64, 217, 297, 304, 305, omen 179 318 Onesicritus 162 Peregrinus 162 Onomarchus 95 performer 52 Onomasticon 76 performativity 296 oracle(s) 148, 185, 232, 233, 238, 239 Pergamum 69, 82, 147 oral history (see also interviews) 54, 104 Periander 210 orality, secondary 53 Pericles 112–14, 304 Orestes 178, 210, 228 periegesis 13, 213 Oricum 57 Perinthus 23 Origen 36, 37, 45, 156 Peripatetic 97, 161 Origins 270, 274, 276 Persephone 105, 109 Oropus 311 Persian(s) 25, 38, 215, 231, 236, 335 Orpheus 37, 146, 221, 227, 303, 304 Phaeacians 190–91, 194, 200, 224 Ovid 159 Heroides 297 Metamorphoses 299, 344, Phaedrus 60 347, 352, 353 Phaethon 332 Phalaris 172 paideia (see education) 16, 17, 63–6, 70, 87, 97–9, phantasia 10, 12, 17, 134, 145, 151–54, 321 127, 128, 131, 134, 135, 152, 213, 255, 257, 281, phantasma 148 283, 294, 298, 304, 305, 317, 342 Phidias 12, 132, 134, 142, 144, 150–3, 324, 325, 329 paidotrib¯es 251, 257, 262, 264, 265, 283 Philadelphia 121 painter 318 Philagrus 19, 21, 22, 67, 77 painting(s) c. 14 and passim and 10–12, 15, 40, 41, Philagrus, Q. Veranius 121 133–5, 146, 147, 149, 260, 261 philhellenism 35, 131, 145 Paion of Side 139 Philina, Flavia 113 Palaemon 310 Philip (‘the Arab’, emperor) 36, 37, 46 (saint) Palamedes 184, 222, 226, 230, 231, 237, 278 123 Panathenaic stadium 105 Philiscus 25, 78, 103, 111–13, 123, 127, 128 Panathenais 103 Philoctetes 11 Pandionis (Athenian phyle) 20 Philolaus 180–2, 196 Panhellenic 18 Philopappus 122 Panhellenion 23, 35 philosopher(s) cc. 5 and 8 passim and 15, 30, 36, Pantaenus 109 38, 41, 111, 116, 132, 133, 149, 152, 156, 168, Pantheia 314 169, 188, 302, 325 Pantheon 37, 59 philosophical schools 22 pantomime 255 philosophy 8, 11, 15–17, 26, 33, 36, 51, 131–5, 142, paradoxography 7, 12, 15, 132, 136, 137 144, 145, 147–52, 154, 168, 171, 176, 179, 187, parody 258, 266, 276 192, 205, 209, 213, 219, 251–3, 255, 258–63, Parrhasius 319, 337 265, 267, 282, 289, 290, 297, 298, 303, 317, Parthia 29, 124, 158, 164 324, 332, 334–5 Pasiphae 317, 333 Philostratus ‘the Lemnian’ 24, 25, 31, 57 past, Greek 11, 97–9, 118, 128, 137, 152, 177, Phocaea 103, 124 214, 237, 246, 252–4, 267–77, 280, 283, 297, Phoenicia(n) 5, 12, 25, 30, 38, 57, 207–28, 230, 342 235, 294, 314, 317 pastoral 211–14, 217–19, 290 Phoenix, T. Flavius 103, 105, 112, 113, 123, 127, 128 Patroclus 126, 222, 233, 278, 328–30, 341 Phormio 112 Pausanias (periegete) 12, 104, 105, 108, 109, 112, Phraotes 158 118, 121, 122, 136, 139, 213–14, 229, 241 Phrygia 54, 79, 120, 123, 209, 239 (sophist) 23 Phryne 291–2

398 Index

Phrynichus 21, 25 Polydeuces (Pollux), Iulius 14, 23, 36 Phylax, T. Flavius 60, 112 Polydora 235, 245 physiology 251, 267 Polyphemus 179–82, 185, 189, 193, 194, 196 physiognomic(al) 26, 252, 254, 256, 259, 265, Pompeii 349 268, 275–8, 282, 325 Pompeion (Eleusis) 105 Phytalus 105, 109 Pompeiopolis 122 Pictoriality 313 Pontus 124 piety 21, 102, 132, 140, 145, 154, 160, 211 Porphyry of Tyre 36, 159, 163–5, 170, 173, 174, pilgrim(age) c. 11 passim and 12, 15, 132, 133, 191 136–8, 142, 143 Porto Rafti 19 Pindar 183, 239, 262, 315, 324, 342 Porus 133, 143 Pionius 124 Poseidon 44, 105, 311, 328 Piraeus 24, 78 Posidippus 6, 27 Pisidia 120 Poussin 343–4, 347, 349, 351, 352 Plataea 231, 239, 240 power 114, 305 Plato(nic) 16, 27, 29, 44, 62, 69, 71, 84, 97, 133, Praeneste 26 142, 147, 150, 154, 163, 208, 223, 244, 251, Praxiteles 150, 291 258, 259, 289, 303–4, 321 priest(hood) 21, 109, 121, 122, 124, 138, 142 Plato Cratylus 126 Crito 263 Euthyphro 208 Proclus 19, 23, 24, 55, 56 Gorgias 44, 126, 266 Hippias Minor 98 Laws Procne 215 44, 210 Phaedrus 208, 212, 214, 219, 261, 311 Procopius 40 Republic 133, 149, 161, 164, 218, 311 procurator 114 Symposium 208 Timaeus 44 Prodicus 145–50 Pliny (Elder) 136, 169, 243, 316, 318, 321, 337, 347 progymnasmata 10 Pliny (Younger) 14, 80, 122, 287, 296, 303, 305 Promachus 272 Plotinus 103, 174 prophecy 161, 164–71, 174 Plutarch 5, 7, 36, 46, 71, 240, 246, 304–5 prophet 38, 184 Consolation to Apollonius 181 Consolation to prolaliai 25, 26 his wife 127 Delphic oracles no longer in verse prose-hymn 72 152 The E at Delphi 159 Eating meat 70 Protesilaus 12, 16, 38, 39, 148, 207, 210, 213, Exile Face on the moon 245 Greek questions 219–28, 230–3, 244, 278 246, 247 Late divine punishment 149 Proteus 4, 134, 157, 173, 184 Listening to poets 181 Roman questions 257, protreptic 207 270 Should an old man engage in politics 221 Prusa 25, 30, 35, 122 Socrates’ divine sign 13, 166–8 Sympotic Prytaneis 20 questions 69, 164 Telling friends from Ptolemaeus Chennus 210 ﬂatterers 71 Parallel Lives 7, 103 Alexander Ptolemy of Naucratis 23, 60 224 Lysander 169 Numa 156, 161, 170, 173 Pulchra, Hordeonia 21 Themistocles 122, 240 purity, pure Greek 35, 40, 45, 165–7, 169, 212, Plutus (Wealth) 312 213, 232, 246 poets, poetry 15, 22, 25, 28, 30, 40, 43, 57, 59, 183, Pythagoras c. 8 passim and 7, 8, 15, 38, 147, 149, 260, 264, 293, 296–9, 301, 304, 311 177, 187 poetry-book 6, 11, 18, 288 Pythagorean(ism) c. 8 passim and 84, 85, 111, 126, poikilia (see also ‘variegation) 314, 317 147, 149–51, 177, 183, 187, 192, 244 polemarch 112, 113 protreptic 8 Polemo I (of Pontus) 124 Puget de la Serre 343 Polemo, M. Antonius 5, 25, 30, 35, 36, 53, 63–4, 67, 77–9, 82, 98, 103–5, 127, 18, 252, 259, Quintilian 77, 151 277, 319, 325 Polemo (descendant of sophist) 124 Ravenna 26, 100 politics 21, 22, 70 readers, readership (see also audience) 14, 25, 28, political 9, 17, 33–5, 99, 145, 216, 240, 266, 289, 33, 44, 49, 51, 61, 62, 65, 66, 68, 73, 135, 154, 297, 298, 303 156, 167, 207, 211, 216–23, 225, 253, 259, Pollio, C. Sextilius 118 274, 289, 290, 296–8, 301, 311, 323 Polyclitus 325 rebirth 121, 241

Index 399

reform 33, 36, 38–40, 46 self-learning 253 Regilla 78, 103, 111 Semiramis 335 reliability 30, 104, 140, 235, 256 senator(s) 13, 20, 33, 100 religion, religious 5, 8, 9, 11–13, 16, 17, 27, 33, Seneca 159, 287, 289, 296, 297, 305 36–40, 45, 72, 102, 105, 120, 131–3, 135, Septimius Severus 20, 24, 34, 109, 136, 287 140–2, 144, 145, 148, 151, 154, 206, 209–11, Septuagint 37 216, 230, 237, 242, 243, 247, 270, 280, 288 Serapis 141 reported speech 140 Seven sages 70 Republic, Roman 97 Severi 4, 7, 34, 37, 46, 164 revival 268 Severus Alexander 4, 37, 208 Richardson, Clarissa 287, 288 sex 18, 158, 161–2, 220, 223 rites, ritual 16, 39, 75, 80, 94, 101, 105, 109, 119, Sextus Empiricus 71 122, 138, 141, 160, 232–4, 236–42, 252, 270, shrine, temple 105, 109, 119, 121, 132, 138, 186, 215, 280, 281 235 Rhodes 35, 161 shrine to Apollonius 37 Rhodiapolis 121, 263 Sicily 198, 199 Rhodogune 314, 334–5, 341 Sicinos 122 Rhodopis 292 Side 139 romance 7 Sidonius Apollinaris 7 Roman power 33, 70, 74, 98, 145, 291 Sidyma 121 Roman(s) 28, 35, 36, 38, 257, 331 Sigeum 231 Rome 5, 19, 20, 22–5, 30, 96, 97, 114, 120, 121, silence 158, 161, 192 126, 180, 182, 183, 188–90, 199 Simonides 324 rose(s) 294, 298, 300–1, 319 singer 71, 78, 82 Ruﬁnus (Christian) 141 (poet) 28 Sirens 185, 186, 194, 198 Rufus (sophist) 23 Smyrna 20, 21, 24, 25, 29, 53, 78, 79, 81, 82, 100, 103–5, 114, 127, 172, 187 Sabina, Vibia 137 Socrates 29, 73, 83, 132–4, 146–8, 154, 167, 168, ‘Sacred Fig’ 105, 108, 109 177, 261, 266, 319 Sacred Way, Athens 105, 108, 112,Ephesus117, Solon 217 118 son(s) 20 Salamis 233 Sophillus 54 salary 22, 97 sophisma 333, 340, 341 Samos 158, 187 sophistic, ‘ﬁrst’ 35, 44, 88, 97, 98, 145, 147 Samosata 13, 26 sophistic, ‘new’ 29 Samothrace 239 Sophocles 54, 125, 161, 215, 240 sarcophagi 88, 110, 114–18, 127, 128 Soranus 35 satyr 19, 142, 310, 334, 336, 337, 348 Sosus 60 Satyrus 125 Soter 60 Scamander 313, 315, 326, 328, 331 Souada 120 Scheria 187, 190, 194 sources 103, 104 scholars, scholarship 53–5, 63, 65 Spain 184 schools of declamation 40 Sparta(n) 158, 210, 295 Scopelianus 21, 52, 82, 126 Spercheius 232, 241, 245 sculptural, sculpture(s) 10, 70, 87–92, 118, 121, Spinario 350 122, 260, 261, 319, 350, 351 sport 33, 39 Scylla 186, 193 statue(s) 6, 7, 15, 20, 21, 32, 75, 76, 102, 111, 114, Seasons (Horai¯ ) 41, 314, 315 115, 117, 119, 122, 136, 183, 214, 220, 226–7, Secundus 5, 105, 109–12, 127, 128 240, 244, 291, 330, 337–9, 348–50 Secundus, Iulius 111 Steiria 19 Secundus, Petronius (praef. Aeg.) 138 Stephanus Niger 347, 349, 350 Seleucia 50 Stesichorus 184, 245 self-consciousness 3, 126, 206, 218, 253, 271, 282, Sthenelus 4, 222 283, 303 Still Life 346 self-control 102 Stoa, Royal (Ephesus) 118

400 Index

Stoic(s) 44, 69, 71, 83–5, 97, 150–2, 154 Theon (in Plutarch) 152 Strabo 121, 136, 142, 187 theoria¯ 133, 135, 136, 139, 141, 142, 144, 145, 147–9, Strato 28 152, 154, 232, 234, 238, 263 style 17, 49, 50, 59, 60, 63–6 theriomorphism 134, 149 subjectivity 9 Theseus 239–42, 244, 245 subjunctive 61 Thespesion 134, 144–50, 153, 158, 164, 165, 185, Suda 19, 20, 125, 322 186 Suetonius 7–8, 103, 185 de grammaticis et Thespesius 149 rhetoribus 103 Thespiae 113 Sulla 118 Thessaly, Thessalian c. 11 passim and 19, 24, 103, Supper at Emmaus 346, 354 112–14, 127, 227, 231–8, 295, 304, 311 Sybaris 217 Thetis 232–4, 243, 311, 317, 330 symbainein 44 Thrace, Thracian 30, 215 symbol(s), symbolism, symbolic representation Thucydides 113, 114, 209, 227, 231–8, 304 73, 74, 76, 77, 79–86, 88, 95–8 Thurii 172 symbolic capital 97, 98 Thyateira 120 symmetria 41, 153, 324, 325 Tigellinus 166 symposia(c) 22, 191 tightrope-walking 260 synaesthesia 320 Timaeus 160 Synesius 303 time 11 synkrisis 8 Timocrates 78, 82 Syracuse 122, 186 Timon of Phlius 156 Syria(n) 119, 120, 227 Tintoretto 349, 352 Tithorea 241 Tacitus 136, 137, 152 Titus (emperor) 184, 185, 188, 194, 197, 236 talks dialxeiv 25, 31 tomb c. 6 passim 6, 153, 228, 231–4, 236, 262 talisman 154 temple-tomb 121 Talmis 138 tragedy 313 Tantalus 182, 183 trainer 6, 258, 259, 262–5, 267–74, 276, 277, 282, Tarsus 185 283 Tatian 97 training 39 taxes 34 Trajan 97 Taxila 133, 135, 143, 144, 150, 152 Trebenna 128 Tauromenium 157, 172 trickster 67 techn¯e,art16, 42–4, 71, 79, 86, 125, 128, 134, 150, Tro a d , Tro j a n wa r, Troy 30, 41, 165, 179, 180, 183, 252, 258, 260–2, 265–7, 269, 272, 274, 277, 184, 193, 207, 210, 213, 216, 220, 225, 230–3, 282, 324 235–8, 240, 244, 247, 302 Tegea 210 Tro p h o n i us 173, 175, 242 Teiresias 184, 185, 194 truth lhqe©a 15, 319, 324, 337 Telemachus 193 Tyana 20, 38, 173, 174, 192 Telephus 32, 40 tyrannicides 112 Tereus 215 tyrants 131, 177, 215, 233, 235, 236, 289, 298, Termessus 121 330 Tertullian 168 Tyre 19, 23, 24, 146 Thales 168, 169 Thamyris 146 Ulpian 34 thauma,wonder210, 327, 331, 333, 339, 340 Theadelphia 120 vampire 88 Theagenes 245 Vardanes 158, 164, 178, 194 theatre 26, 77, 118, 126 variation, variety 3, 5–7, 10, 11, 15, 27, 294 Thebes (Boeotian) 43, 241, 292, 333 (Egyptian) variegation 314 136 Varus 26 theios an¯er 131, 170, 171, 181, 189 Vasada (Pisidia) 120 Themistocles 122, 314 vegetarianism c. 8 passim 178, 183 Theodotus, Iulius 21, 23 Velasquez, Rokeby Venus 352

Index 401

Vespasian 97, 185 Xenophon, Anabasis 13, 14 Cyropaideia 5, 155, 312 Vergil, Eclogues 290 Memorabilia 147, 148, 319 viewer, spectator 319, 326, 327, 331–3, 348, 355 Xenophon, Ephesiaca 127 vinedresser, vinedressing c. 10 passim and 11, 12, Xerxes 215, 233 15, 16, 38, 39, 230–1, 278 Vitruvius 41 youth(s), young man/men 137, 140, 149, 251, 258, 268, 311, 318, 323, 324, 336, 339–41, 346, 349, wallet pra 84 350 western empire 26, 102, 120, 191 words, last 103 Zenobia 136 wrestler 78 Zeno 151 White Island 39 Zenonidae 124 Wyatt, Richard James 351 Zethus 241 Zeus 12, 58, 83, 124, 132, 134, 142, 144, 147, Xanthus 328 149–53, 173, 242, 301, 330, 350 Xenia 311, 347, 354 Zeuxis 226, 337, 346, 347, 354