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Genus Lycodon)
Zoologica Scripta Multilocus phylogeny reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian wolf snakes (genus Lycodon) CAMERON D. SILER,CARL H. OLIVEROS,ANSSI SANTANEN &RAFE M. BROWN Submitted: 6 September 2012 Siler, C. D., Oliveros, C. H., Santanen, A., Brown, R. M. (2013). Multilocus phylogeny Accepted: 8 December 2012 reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian wolf snakes (genus Lycodon). —Zoologica doi:10.1111/zsc.12007 Scripta, 42, 262–277. The diverse group of Asian wolf snakes of the genus Lycodon represents one of many poorly understood radiations of advanced snakes in the superfamily Colubroidea. Outside of three species having previously been represented in higher-level phylogenetic analyses, nothing is known of the relationships among species in this unique, moderately diverse, group. The genus occurs widely from central to Southeast Asia, and contains both widespread species to forms that are endemic to small islands. One-third of the diversity is found in the Philippine archipelago. Both morphological similarity and highly variable diagnostic characters have contributed to confusion over species-level diversity. Additionally, the placement of the genus among genera in the subfamily Colubrinae remains uncertain, although previous studies have supported a close relationship with the genus Dinodon. In this study, we provide the first estimate of phylogenetic relationships within the genus Lycodon using a new multi- locus data set. We provide statistical tests of monophyly based on biogeographic, morpho- logical and taxonomic hypotheses. With few exceptions, we are able to reject many of these hypotheses, indicating a need for taxonomic revisions and a reconsideration of the group's biogeography. Mapping of color patterns on our preferred phylogenetic tree suggests that banded and blotched types have evolved on multiple occasions in the history of the genus, whereas the solid-color (and possibly speckled) morphotype color patterns evolved only once. -
Herp. Bulletin 101.Qxd
Mountain wolf snake ( Lycodon r . ruhstrati ) predation on an exotic lizard, Anolis sagrei , in Chiayi County, Taiwan GERRUT NORVAL 1, SHAO-CHANG HUANG 2 and JEAN-JAY MAO 3 1 Applied Behavioural Ecology & Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Nature Conservation, UNISA, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Republic of South Africa . Email: [email protected] [author for correspondence] 2 Department of Life Science, Tunghai University. No. 181, Sec. 3, Taichung-Kan Road, Taichung, 407- 04, Taiwan, R.O.C . 3 Department of Natural Resources, National I-Lan University, No. 1, Shen-Lung Rd., Sec. 1, I-Lan City 260, Taiwan, R.O.C . ABSTRACT – The Mountain wolf snake ( Lycodon ruhstrati ruhstrati ) is a common snake species at low elevations all over Taiwan. Still, it appears to be poorly studied in Taiwan and adjacent areas since little has been reported about this species. On 26 th August 2002 ten L. r. ruhstrati eggs were obtained from an adult female, one of two that were caught a day before, and eight of the eggs hatched successfully on 14 th October 2002. While in captivity all the adults preyed upon Anolis sagrei , which were given to them as prey, while two neonates accepted A. sagrei hatchlings offered to them as food. On February 18 th , 2006, a DOR Mountain wolf snake, with an A. sagrei in its stomach, was found on a tarred road in Santzepu, Sheishan District, Chiayi County. This appears to be the first report from Taiwan of the Mountain wolf snake ( L. r. ruhstrati ) preying on the exotic introduced lizard A. -
New Country Records of Reptiles from Laos
Biodiversity Data Journal 1: e1015 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.1.e1015 Taxonomic paper New country records of reptiles from Laos Vinh Quang Luu†,‡, Truong Quang Nguyen§,|, Thomas Calame¶, Tuoi Thi Hoang#, Sisomphone Southichack††, Michael Bonkowski|, Thomas Ziegler‡,| † Department of Wildlife, Faculty of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Vietnam Forestry University, Xuan Mai, Chuong My, Hanoi, Vietnam ‡ AG Zoologischer Garten Köln, Riehler Strasse 173, D-50735 Cologne, Germany § Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam | Zoological Institute, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strasse 47b, D-50674 Cologne, Germany ¶ WWF Greater Mekong, House No. 39, Unit 05, Ban Saylom, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic # Biodiversity Center, Faculty of Natural Resource and Environmental Management, Vietnam Forestry University, Xuan Mai, Chuong My, Hanoi, Vietnam †† Hin Nam No National Protected Area, Boualapha District, Khammouane Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic Corresponding author: Vinh Quang Luu ([email protected]) Academic editor: Johannes Penner Received: 27 Oct 2013 | Accepted: 04 Dec 2013 | Published: 10 Dec 2013 Citation: Luu V, Nguyen T, Calame T, Hoang T, Southichack S, Bonkowski M, Ziegler T (2013) New country records of reptiles from Laos. Biodiversity Data Journal 1: e1015. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.1.e1015 Abstract Four species of reptiles, of which one is represented by one of its subspecies, are recorded for the first time from Laos: Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis, Lycodon futsingensis, and L. ruhstrati, as L. ruhstrati abditus, from limestone forests in Khammouane Province and Cyrtodactylus pseudoquadrivirgatus from hill evergreen forest in Salavan Province. These discoveries of lizards and snakes bring the total species number of reptiles to 189 in Laos. -
P. 1 AC27 Inf. 7 (English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement
AC27 Inf. 7 (English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________ Twenty-seventh meeting of the Animals Committee Veracruz (Mexico), 28 April – 3 May 2014 Species trade and conservation IUCN RED LIST ASSESSMENTS OF ASIAN SNAKE SPECIES [DECISION 16.104] 1. The attached information document has been submitted by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of * Nature) . It related to agenda item 19. * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author. AC27 Inf. 7 – p. 1 Global Species Programme Tel. +44 (0) 1223 277 966 219c Huntingdon Road Fax +44 (0) 1223 277 845 Cambridge CB3 ODL www.iucn.org United Kingdom IUCN Red List assessments of Asian snake species [Decision 16.104] 1. Introduction 2 2. Summary of published IUCN Red List assessments 3 a. Threats 3 b. Use and Trade 5 c. Overlap between international trade and intentional use being a threat 7 3. Further details on species for which international trade is a potential concern 8 a. Species accounts of threatened and Near Threatened species 8 i. Euprepiophis perlacea – Sichuan Rat Snake 9 ii. Orthriophis moellendorfi – Moellendorff's Trinket Snake 9 iii. Bungarus slowinskii – Red River Krait 10 iv. Laticauda semifasciata – Chinese Sea Snake 10 v. -
(GISD) 2021. Species Profile Norops Sagrei. Available From
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Norops sagrei Norops sagrei System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Reptilia Squamata Polychrotidae Common name Bahamian brown anole (English), Cuban brown anole (English), brown anole (English) Synonym Anolis sagrei , (Cocteau in Dum?ril and Bibron, 1837) Similar species Anolis carolinensis Summary Norops sagrei (brown anole) can be identified by its extensible throat fan that is often coloured yellow or reddish-orange and has a white line down the centre of its back. Norops sagrei is a habitat generalist that prefers the open vegetation of disturbed sites. It is a ground dweller but will venture several feet up into trees and shrubs. Norops sagrei compete with Anolis carolinensis and other introduced congeners. Norops sagre also prey on the hatchlings of Anolis carolinensis. view this species on IUCN Red List Species Description Norops sagrei (brown anole) is a “trunk ground ecomorph” sensu (Williams, 1983). It is described as having an extensible throat fan that can be yellow to red-orange. This species can be between 13 and 21.3cm. It also has enlarged toe pads and a short snout (Campbell, 2002). Brown anoles can erect a dorsonuchal crest when exposed to certain stimuli. The tail may have a crest-like ridge, but this is highly variable between individuals and should not be confused with the dorsonuchal crest. Also, the tail is laterally compressed. Females have a light line down the middle of their backs, but males do not. They tend to have a lighter mid-dorsal stripe that is distinct and often boldly patterned in females and often indistinct in males. -
Ecography ECOG-04374 Chen, C., Qu, Y., Zhou, X
Ecography ECOG-04374 Chen, C., Qu, Y., Zhou, X. and Wang, Y. 2019. Human overexploitation and extinction risk correlates of Chinese snakes. – Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.04374 Supplementary material 1 Human overexploitation and extinction risk correlates of Chinese snakes 2 3 Supporting information 4 Appendix 1. Properties of the datasets used, hypotheses and justification 5 Table A1. Extinction risk and predictor variables of Chinese snakes 6 Table A2. Hypotheses on the relationship between extinction risk and intrinsic and extrinsic factors 7 Table A3. Main sources for assessing elevational range and human exploitation index 8 Table A4. The correlation matrices of predictor variables for each snake group 9 Table a5. The full AICc models for Chinese snakes 10 Table a6. The interactions between geographic range size and other important variables 11 Appendix 2. Patterns of extinction risk using the IUCN Red List criteria 12 Appendix 3. Distribution of extinction risk among snake genera 13 Appendix 4. Correlates of extinction risk when species classified under range-based criteria were excluded 14 15 16 17 Appendix 1. Properties of the datasets used, hypotheses and justification 18 Table A1. Extinction risk (based on China Biodiversity Red List), intrinsic traits and extrinsic factors of Chinese snakes. Abbreviations: China, 19 China Biodiversity Red List; RangeC, species assessed under range-based criteria; IUCN, IUCN Red List; BL, Body length; BR, Body ratio; 20 AP, Activity period; MH, Microhabitat; RM, Reproductive mode; HS, Habitat -
A Description of Parasites from Mountain Wolf Snakes, Lycodon Ruhstrati Ruhstrati (Serpentes: Colubridae), from Two Localities in Western Taiwan
Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, December 2012. Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 130 -133 AJCB: SC0003 ISSN 2278-7666 ©TCRP 2012 A description of parasites from Mountain Wolf Snakes, Lycodon ruhstrati ruhstrati (Serpentes: Colubridae), from two localities in western Taiwan Gerrut Norval1*, Stephen R. Goldberg 2, Charles R. Bursey 3, Simon Dieckmann 4, and Jean-Jay Mao5 1Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Republic of South Africa. 2 Department of Biology, Whittier College, Whittier, California 90608, U.S.A. 3 Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Shenango Campus, Sharon, Pennsylvania 16146, U.S.A. 4 430, Huacheng 5th St., Yian Township, Hualien County, 973, Taiwan, R.O.C. 5 Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Ilan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Rd., Yilan, 260, Taiwan, R.O.C. (Accepted October 30, 2012) Based on the results of a recent revision of the species searched for parasites under a dissecting microscope. For Lycodon ruhstrati (Fischer, 1886) by Vogel et al. study, parasites were placed in a drop of lactophenol on a (2009), it was found that Lycodon ruhstrati ruhstrati glass slide, allowed to clear, and identified from these (Fischer, 1886) can be regarded as an endemic subspe- temporary preparations. We used the terminology of cies, restricted to Taiwan and that the mainland popula- Bush et al. (1997) to describe the prevalence and mean tions in China and northern Vietnam consisted of the intensity of the parasites. revalidated species Lycodon futsingensis (Pope, 1928) The parasites found, and their numbers, are and the newly described subspecies Lycodon ruhstrati listed in table 2. -
Internal Parasites of Lizards from Taiwan
Herpetological Conservation and Biology 9(3):484−494. Submitted: 7 April 2014; Accepted: 22 August 2014; Published: 31 December 2014. INTERNAL PARASITES OF LIZARDS FROM TAIWAN GERRUT NORVAL1,5, STEPHEN R. GOLDBERG2, CHARLES R. BURSEY3, JEAN-JAY MAO4, AND KERRY SLATER1 1Applied Behavioural Ecology & Ecosystem Research Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, Republic of South Africa 2Department of Biology, Whittier College, Whittier, California 90608, USA 3Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Shenango Campus, Sharon, Pennsylvania 16146, USA 4Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Ilan University. No. 1, Sec. 1, Shen-Lung Rd., Ilan 260, Taiwan, Republic of China 5Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract.—We examined specimens of Anolis sagrei, Eutropis longicaudata, Eutropis multifasciata, Japalura polygonata xanthostoma, Japalura swinhonis, Plestiodon elegans, and Sphenomorphus indicus that we collected opportunistically from Taiwan for endoparasites. We recorded parasites in 52 of the 91 lizards examined, and the infected individuals harbored one to three species of parasites. We identified the parasites as Cyrtosomum penneri, Kiricephalus pattoni, Mesocoelium sociale, Meteterakis govindi, Oochoristica chinensis, Oswaldocruzia japalurae, Parapharyngodon maplestonei, Pseudabbreviata yambarensis, Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis, or Strongyluris calotis. We also recorded an unidentifiable acanthocephalan infective juvenile (cystacanth) and an unidentifiable larva of a cestode (sparganum). Key Words.—Anolis sagrei; Eutropis longicaudata; Eutropis multifasciata; Japalura polygonata xanthostoma; Japalura swinhonis; Plestiodon elegans; Sphenomorphus indicus INTRODUCTION its success in establishing new populations and/or competing with native species. From an anthropogenic perspective, parasites are Parasites also may be introduced into new localities viewed with disdain, disgust, and/or condemnation along with invasive species. -
(Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
Zootaxa 3815 (1): 051–067 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3815.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FADC54BE-301E-40E7-9029-159082652822 A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia L. LEE GRISMER1, EVAN S.H. QUAH2, SHAHRUL ANUAR M.S2,3, MOHD ABDUL MUIN2, PERRY L. WOOD, JR4 & SITI AZIZAH MOHD NOR2 1Department of Biology, La Sierra University, 4500 Riverwalk Parkway, Riverside, California 92515 USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Penang, Malaysia. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 3Center for Marine and Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 4Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 150 East Bulldog Boulevard, Provo, Utah 84602 USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A newly discovered, diminutive, cave-dwelling, lowland species of the colubrid snake genus Lycodon Boie is described from a limestone cave along the Thai-Malaysian border in the state of Perlis, northwestern Peninsular Malaysia. Lycodon cavernicolus sp. nov. is most closely related to L. butleri Boulenger, an endemic, upland, forest-dwelling species from Peninsular Malaysia of the fasciatus group but is separated from L. butleri and all other species of the L. fasciatus group and the closely related L. ruhstrati group by having the combination of 245 (male) and 232 (female) ventral scales; 113 (male) and 92 (female) paired, subcaudal scales; a single precloacal plate; nine or 10 supralabials; 10 or 11 infralabials; a maximum total length of 508 mm (female); a relative tail length of 0.25–0.27; an immaculate venter in juveniles and dark- brown, posterior, ventral scale margins in adults; and dorsal and caudal bands in juveniles white. -
Multilocus Phylogeny of Lycodon and the Taxonomic Revision of Oligodon Multizonatum
Asian Herpetological Research 2014, 5(1): 26–37 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1245.2014.00026 Multilocus Phylogeny of Lycodon and the Taxonomic Revision of Oligodon multizonatum Juan LEI1, 2, 4, Xiaoyu SUN1, Ke JIANG3, Gernot VOGEL5, David T. BOOTH4 and Li DING1* 1 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China 2 College of Life and Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan Province, China 4 School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia 5 Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology, Im Sand 3, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany Abstract Classification of the Asian snake genera Lycodon and Oligodon has proven challenging. We conducted a molecular phylogenetic analysis to estimate the phylogenetic relationships in the genus of Lycodon and clarify the taxonomic status of Oligodon multizonatum using mitochondrial (cyt b, ND4) and nuclear (c-mos) genes. Phylogenetic trees estimated using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference indicated that O. multizonatum is actually a species of Lycodon. Comparing morphological data from O. multizonatum and its closest relatives also supported this conclusion. Our results imply that a thorough review of the evolutionary relationships in the genus of Lycodon is strong suggested. Keywords %D\HVLDQLQIHUHQFH&KLQDFODVVL¿FDWLRQFPRVF\Wb, Lycodon, maximum likelihood, ND4, Oligodon 1. Introduction area, and no study constructed a phylogenetic tree. Green et al. (2010) produced an updated checklist and The genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 is widespread key to the entire genus together with a phylogentic tree. -
(Serpentes, Colubridae) from Northern Vietnam
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 875: 1–29 (2019) A new Lycodon from northern Vietnam 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.875.35933 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new species of Lycodon Boie, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from northern Vietnam Helen Y. Janssen1,2, Cuong T. Pham3, Hanh Thi Ngo4, Minh Duc Le5,6,7, Truong Q. Nguyen3,8, Thomas Ziegler1,2 1 AG Zoologischer Garten Köln, Riehler Strasse 173, D-50735 Cologne, Germany 2 Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Strasse 47b, D-50674 Cologne, Germany 3 Institute of Ecology and Biologi- cal Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam 4 Faculty of Biology, Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai Road, Ha- noi, Vietnam 5 Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Hanoi University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334 Nguyen Trai Road, Hanoi, Vietnam 6 Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Hanoi National University, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, Vietnam7 Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024, USA 8 Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Corresponding author: Truong Q. Nguyen ([email protected]); Thomas Ziegler ([email protected]) Academic editor: Robert Jadin | Received 5 May 2019 | Accepted 25 July 2019 | Published 10 September 2019 http://zoobank.org/F54D525B-03CD-4640-A750-1EEE13D71B06 Citation: Janssen HY, Pham CT, Ngo HT, Le MD, Nguyen TQ, Ziegler T (2019) A new species of Lycodon Boie, 1826 (Serpentes, Colubridae) from northern Vietnam. -
Greenhouses As Potential Reservoirs for the Brown Anole (Anolis Sagrei Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNALTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & IRCF AMPHIBIANS REPTILES • VOL &15, AMPHIBIANS NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 189 20(4):199–202 • DEC 2013 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCED SPECIES FEATURE ARTICLES . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 Greenhouses. The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis as) and HumansPotential on Grenada: Reservoirs A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 RESEARCHfor the ARTICLES Brown Anole (Anolis sagrei . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 Duméril. The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris &) in FloridaBibron, 1837), an Exotic .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 InvasiveCONSERVATION Lizard ALERT in Southwestern Taiwan . World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 . More Than Mammals ......................................................................................................................................................................Gerrut