Migration Response Centres (MRCs) East and Horn of REGIONAL DATA HUB RDH 01 January - 30 September 2018 REGIONAL OVERVIEW: SEPTEMBER 2018 MRC LOCATIONS & REGISTRATIONS* A total of 333 migrants were registered at MRCs across the region in September. The largest number of migrants KINGDOM OF was registered in Bosasso (152), followed by Obock (74), Hargeisa (58) and Metema (49). Over half (62%) of the mi- Red Sea grants registered in Hargeisa were children. No migrants Semera Obock 0 Sept. Sana’a Sept. 74 were registered at the MRC in Semera. The vast majority (99%) of MRC registrations in September were Ethiopian 2,358 Jan-Sep 2,806 Jan-Sep nationals, particularly from the Oromia (40%), Amhara Gulf of (22%) and Tigray (14%) regions, as has been the case in Aden Metema previous months. The total number of registrations per Amhara Afar Djibouti 49 Sept. Woqooyi Bari Bosasso month remained relatively constant across MRCs with the Galbeed exception of Semera, where no migrants were registered 328 Jan-Sep 1 152 Sept. 2 in September. As was the case in previous months, the SOUTH Hargeisa 1,342 Jan-Sep SUDAN Oromia majority of migrants registered across MRCs were be- 58 Sept. tween 18-29 year old males reportedly traveling without SNNPR 563 Jan-Sep Indian identity documentation(90%) . Ocean While most migrants in Bosasso and Obock reported having stayed in the country of the MRC for less than six months, a majority (67%) of migrants in Hargeisa had Legend: MRC location Gedeo Zone stayed in for over six months. Likewise, most West Guji Zone No. of registrations for Sept. 2018 Key areas (1, 2) migrants in Bosasso and Obock indicated wanting to re- No. of registrations from MRC sume their journey in less than a month or the next six Country Capital months, while Ethiopians registered in Metema predomi- January to September 2018 1:30,000,000 N nantly intended on remaining in their country of residence indefinitely and migrants in Hargeisa most commonly re- Migration Response Centers (MRCs) are situated ported intending to stay longer than 6 months or wanting along key migration routes, where they fill critical gaps by pro- to settle. This reflects the nature of the respective MRCs, viding direct assistance, including food and temporary shelter, with Obock and Bosasso located in areas of departure information and service referrals to migrants on the move. to Yemen, transited through by migrants on the eastern Working collaboratively, MRCs bring together key partners route, while many migrants, particularly women and chil- dren, tend to have settled in theHargeisa area. to facilitate the identification of migrants in vulnerable situ- ations, and ensure that they receive appropriate, immediate While 65% of registrees were headed on the eastern route and longer-term support. Five MRCs are currently operational towards the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, another 17% were headed to Somalia and 5% were returning home to their in the : Hargeisa and Bosasso since 2009, Dji- country of residence. Four times as many migrants (4% of bouti since 2011 and Semera and Metema since 2014. IOM total) reported that Europe was their intended, final des- is working closely with local authorities to open two further tination than in previous months. All returnees were reg- MRCs in the coming months. The services provided by each istered in Metema and returning to Ethiopia from Sudan, MRC vary based on location and needs. in particular Khartoum. The profiles of migrants on the eastern route differed considerably from those migrating within the Horn of Africa to Somalia. Migrants headed to Saudi Arabia were predominantly 18-29 years of age, with females constituting slightly less than half of those using this route. In contrast, among migrants heading to Soma- lia, the age distribution was more evenly spread out, with females making up the majority of migrants between the ages of 18-29 and 30-59 (please see graphs below). Eastern Route Horn of Africa

Female Male

<6 6-17 18-29 30-59 <6 6-17 18-29 30-59 Young Ethiopian Migrants Aged 15-17 Playing a Volleyball Match at the MRC Male Female Obock, March 2018. © Kadiga Ali *This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Page 1 Source: Basemap (Esri, USGS, NOA); Data (IOM and OSM) Migration Response Centres (MRCs) East and Horn of Africa REGIONAL DATA HUB RDH 01 January - 30 September 2018

MIGRANT JOURNEYS

Country of Departure, MRC and Intended Destination1 Top 4 Areas of Departure Ethiopia Tigray 2,460 Ethiopia Oromia 1,098 Ethiopia Amhara 1,064 Semera Ethiopia Afar 965 Saudi Arabia Migrant Travel Status1

Ethiopia Obock 1,341 563 328 1,725 2,358 Group Family Alone Bosasso Somalia Ethiopia Sudan Hargeisa Somaliland Sudan European Country Djibouti Metema Djibouti Other Other Country of Departure MRC Intended Final Destination Bosasso Hargeisa Metema Obock Semera Most Commonly Reported Reasons for Migration1,2 Journey Arrangements1 87+6+3+2+1+1 Economic Reasons 87% 69% Self-organized Armed Conflict 6% Assissted by Broker Family Reunification 3% 16% Political Reasons 2% Mixed (partially 14% self-organized) Education 1% Human Rights Violations 1% 69+16+141A 1% Involuntary Journey Choice of Route1 Main Mode of Transport1

53% Recommended by Family/Friend Various modes of Route Chosen by Broker 26% 37% transport used 9% Best Known/ Established Route 35% Vehicle 5% Cheaper than Alternative Routes 4% Closer to Country of Origin 28% Walking 53+26+9+543A 3% Safer than Alternative Routes 37+35+28A 1 June and July Obock data not yet available. 2 Multiple choices allowed Page 2 Migration Response Centres (MRCs) East and Horn of Africa REGIONAL DATA HUB RDH 01 January - 30 September 2018

MIGRANT PROFILES, VULNERABILITIES AND INTENTIONS

7,396 migrant observations in 2018 1,039 child migrant observations in 2018 464 83% 17% <6 1+2+9+76+11+1 6+6+7+69+11+1 6-14 100 <6 80 15-17 141 6-14 81 264 551 15-17 86 173

4,618 18-29 891 99 688 30-59 140 39 13 7 60+ Obock Hargeisa Semera Bosasso Metema

Previous Migration Attempts1 Migrant Gender and Educational Background1

Male (4,967) 55% 33% 12% 83% Did not Migrate Previously 29% Female Migrated Previously 55% 17% (1,104) 16% 83+17+A < Primary Primary Secondary University

853 Vulnerable Migrants (12% of total)1 Top 5 Reported Hardships During the Journey 1,2 70+12+8+7+2+1

55% Detained during their journey Lack of Basic Services 70%

Bribes/ Extortion 12% 38% Unaccompanied children Physical or Psycho- 8% logical Abuse 5% Pregnant or lactating women Detention 7% 1% Abducted or kidnapped Forced Labour 2%

1% Physically disabled migrants ID Withheld 1%

1 2 June and July Obock data not yet available. Multiple choices allowed Page 3 Migration Response Centres (MRCs) East and Horn of Africa REGIONAL DATA HUB RDH 01 January - 30 September 2018

MIGRANT NEEDS AND SERVICE PROVISION Background & Methodology IOM established the MRC Regional Data Collection Sys- Multi-sectoral Needs Reported* 1,2 tem, encompassing all MRCs in the Horn of Africa, in July 17,059 2016 to advance a standardized approach for collecting 1,419 1,258 1,115 6,119 7,148 data and monitoring responses to mixed migration flows in the region. Data is collected upon migrant registration Protection at the MRCs. Only the information of migrants that con- Phone/ Phone Credit sent to their data being captured is collected. IOM does Clothing & Blankets not share individual-level data. The MRC screening form Sum of Protection was designed to foster a better understanding of migrant Food & Water Sum of Communication hardships, vulnerabilities and needs, as well as their moti- Emergency Shelter vations and intentions. The data collected is able to inform MedicalSum of ClothingSupport evidence-based policy and programming in the region. PsychosocialSum of Food Support In 2018, IOM revised the MRC Regional Data Collection System to strengthen the provision of relevant and robust Sum of Shelter data. First, a technical working group was established to revise the MRC screening form to better capture the fluid- Sum of Medical ity of migrants’ movements, their vulnerabilities and the services provided to them at the MRCs. Simultaneously, a Sum of Psycho regional network of Information Management Assistants was established to facilitate and harmonise data collec- tion activities and further strengthen the MRC Data Col- Bosasso Hargeisa Metema Obock Semera lection System. Finally, all focal persons and other relevant * The options ‘Protection’ and ‘Phone/ Phone Credit’ were added in August. MRC staff across the region received training on the MRC data collection procedures. They continue to receive tech- 20,982 Services Provided at MRCs* 1,2 nical support from the Regional Data Hub. This factsheet presents key findings, rather than the entire range of information gathered in the MRC questionnaire. 5,933 Emergency Assistance Information is collected in the MRCs by trained enumer- 4,659 Assisted Voluntary Return (AVR) ators upon migrant registration. Findings are triangulated through other IOM data collection systems and secondary 4,308 Food & Water sources including news monitoring and humanitarian re- Psychosocial Services ports. All data presented in this factsheet should be taken 3,921 as indicative rather than representative and should not be 2,138 Medical Services used to generalise across the region. 23 Counseling/ Screening Services *27 The option ‘Counseling/ Screening+222119101A Services’ was added in August. Data for For more information on the methodology used, please options ‘Food & Water’ and ‘AVR’ not yet available for August and September. contact: [email protected]

Service Referrals Provided in September* 1,2

172 67+22+6+5+1 The Regional Data Hub RDH External NGOs 116 Established in early 2018, the RDH aims to support ev- idence-based, strategic and policy-level discussion on Specialised Medical Service 37 migration through a combined set of initiatives. These include: strengthening regional primary and secondary Legal Assistance 10 data collection and analysis; increasing Information Man- agement capacity across countries; providing technical Consular Services 8 support to ensure harmonization and interoperability of key methodologies used to monitor population mobility; Secondary Screening 1 and the engagement of key stakeholders and governmen- tal counterparts in migration dialogue and consultation. * Data available from August 2018 onwards.