Student Handout — Justify the Answer 195 A8 Background Reading: Introduction to Ethical Theories and Terms
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Get Ready to Rumble! 06 Comments 08 Diversions 10 Arts & Culture Uniter.Ca 18 Listings
THE I SSUE The university of Winnipeg student weekly 222006/03/16 VOLUME 60 INSIDE 02 News GET READY TO RUMBLE! 06 Comments 08 Diversions 10 Arts & Culture uniter.ca 18 Listings » UWSA ELECTIONS 2006 21 Features 22 Sports ON THE WEB [email protected] » E-MAIL SSUE 22 I VOL. 60 2006 16, H C R A M ELECTION 2006 02 MAKE YOUR VOTE COUNT MARCH 20 -23 SENSE MEMORY AND PHOTOGRAPHY 12 SARAH CRAWLEY CASTS OFF THE SHACKLES OF REALITY INNIPEG STUDENTINNIPEG WEEKLY W MEDIA DEMONSTRATES DIALOGUE 21 BUT HAS THE IMAGE OF WOMEN IN MEDIA REALLY CHANGED? BOMBERS SPRING CLEAN 23 WILL 2006 BE A BETTER SEASON? HE UNIVERSITY OF T ♼ March 16, 2006 The Uniter contact: [email protected] SENIOR EDITOR: LEIGHTON KLASSEN NEWS EDITOR: DEREK LESCHASIN 02 NEWS E-MAIL: [email protected] E-MAIL: [email protected] UNITER STAFF UWSA Elections in Full Swing INCUMBENTS CHALLENGED ON TACTICS Managing Editor » Jo Snyder 01 [email protected] 02 Business Coordinator & Offi ce Manager » James D. Patterson [email protected] LINDSEY WIEBE bulk food sales, new computer peting for the position of Vice- kiosks to reduce lines at the Petrifi ed President Student Services. NEWS PRODUCTION EDITOR » Sole used Belik’s ideas include free web host- 03 Derek Leschasin [email protected] bookstore, locked compounds bike ing for student groups, an increased foot he University of Winnipeg storage, and an online carpool and patrol presence, and skills workshops 04 SENIOR EDITOR » Leighton Klassen Students’ Association election is [email protected] parking registry. on campus for things like cooking, silk- T under way, and it’s shaping up to Another item on her agenda is ad- screening and bike repair. -
Meat and Morality: Alternatives to Factory Farming
J Agric Environ Ethics (2010) 23:455–468 DOI 10.1007/s10806-009-9226-x Meat and Morality: Alternatives to Factory Farming Evelyn B. Pluhar Accepted: 30 November 2009 / Published online: 18 December 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 Abstract Scientists have shown that the practice of factory farming is an increasingly urgent danger to human health, the environment, and nonhuman animal welfare. For all these reasons, moral agents must consider alternatives. Vegetarian food production, humane food animal farming, and in-vitro meat production are all explored from a variety of ethical perspectives, especially utilitarian and rights- based viewpoints, all in the light of current U.S. and European initiatives in the public and private sectors. It is concluded that vegetarianism and potentially in-vitro meat production are the best-justified options. Keywords Factory farming Á Humane farming Á In-vitro meat production Á Rights theory Á Utilitarianism Á Vegetarianism factory farming (FAK-tuh-ree FAHR-ming) noun: an industrialized system of producing meat, eggs, and milk in large-scale facilities where the animal is treated as a machine (Wordsmith 2008) After several years of receiving ‘‘A Word for the Day’’ from a dictionary service, the author was interested to see the above definition pop up in the email inbox. The timing was perhaps not coincidental. In spring 2008, the Pew Commission on Industrial Farm Animal Production completed a two-year investigation of factory- farming practices in the United States. At the end of its 1,100-page report, the Commission recommended a ten-year timeline for the termination of the most intensive production techniques, including battery cages, gestation crates, and force- feeding birds to harvest their fatty livers for foie gras (Hunger Notes 2008). -
The Sexual Politics of Meat by Carol J. Adams
THE SEXUAL POLITICS OF MEAT A FEMINISTVEGETARIAN CRITICAL THEORY Praise for The Sexual Politics of Meat and Carol J. Adams “A clearheaded scholar joins the ideas of two movements—vegetari- anism and feminism—and turns them into a single coherent and moral theory. Her argument is rational and persuasive. New ground—whole acres of it—is broken by Adams.” —Colman McCarthy, Washington Post Book World “Th e Sexual Politics of Meat examines the historical, gender, race, and class implications of meat culture, and makes the links between the prac tice of butchering/eating animals and the maintenance of male domi nance. Read this powerful new book and you may well become a vegetarian.” —Ms. “Adams’s work will almost surely become a ‘bible’ for feminist and pro gressive animal rights activists. Depiction of animal exploita- tion as one manifestation of a brutal patriarchal culture has been explored in two [of her] books, Th e Sexual Politics of Meat and Neither Man nor Beast: Feminism and the Defense of Animals. Adams argues that factory farming is part of a whole culture of oppression and insti- tutionalized violence. Th e treatment of animals as objects is parallel to and associated with patriarchal society’s objectifi cation of women, blacks, and other minorities in order to routinely exploit them. Adams excels in constructing unexpected juxtapositions by using the language of one kind of relationship to illuminate another. Employing poetic rather than rhetorical techniques, Adams makes powerful connec- tions that encourage readers to draw their own conclusions.” —Choice “A dynamic contribution toward creating a feminist/animal rights theory.” —Animals’ Agenda “A cohesive, passionate case linking meat-eating to the oppression of animals and women . -
Animal Research Essay Resources 2013
Animal research essay resources 2013 Animal Research Essay Resources (Manage) and AO2 (Use Resources) assessment objectives of their EPQ. Click on one of the links below for resources on the specific area of interest surrounding the AO1 requires students to identify their topic and issue of animal testing: the project’s aims and objectives. They must then produce a project plan and complete their History of animal research work, applying organisational skills and Ethics of animal experiments strategies to meet stated objectives. This page Costs and benefits of research aims to help students get a handle on the topic Regulatory systems and the 3Rs of animal research and provide some inspiration Animal rights activism and extremism for possible areas of further study. General Websites AO2 requires students to obtain, and select Many students, from primary school to from, a variety of resources, analyse and apply university, write assignments that relate to the this data in a relevant manner and demonstrate issue of animal research. This page aims to an understanding of appropriate links. This page support this by providing links to useful will provide links to large amounts of relevant materials. It is especially useful to any students information that students can use for their carrying out the Extended Project Qualification project, however it remains up to students to (EPQ) alongside their A-levels or Extended Essay critically analyse and apply it to their specific as part of their International Baccalaureate project focus. studies. Those students should read the section below. History of animal research Beneath each link is a Harvard Reference for the The use of animals in scientific experiments in book, webpage or document in question which the UK can be traced back at least as far as the can be used in the footnotes or endnotes of 17th Century with Harvey’s experiments on your project paper. -
Report on Legislation by the Animal Law Committee A. 142
REPORT ON LEGISLATION BY THE ANIMAL LAW COMMITTEE A. 142 M. of A. L. Rosenthal AN ACT to amend the Education Law, in relation to animal hatching projects. THIS LEGISLATION IS APPROVED WITH A RECOMMENDATION I. SUMMARY OF PROPOSED LAW Assembly Bill No. 1421 would amend the Education Law to add a new paragraph 5 to subdivision c of section 809 to prohibit school districts, school principals, administrators, and teachers from requiring, permitting, or conducting a lesson or experimental study “using an animal in a hatching project in any such school or during any activity conducted under the auspices of such school whether or not the activity takes place on the premises of such school.” II. BACKGROUND A “hatching project” refers to an educational lesson in which fertilized chicken or duckling eggs are kept by students, usually in classroom incubators, to be hatched within one to four weeks. Teachers use school hatching projects as a way to teach students about life cycles of birds and embryonic development.2 Fertilized eggs for school hatching projects are sold, rented, or donated to schools from various sources, including some local offices of Cornell Cooperative Extension in New York,3 1 The full text of the bill, with accompanying memorandum, is available at https://assembly.state.ny.us/leg/? default_fld=&leg_video=&bn=A00142&term=&Summary=Y&Memo=Y&Text=Y. (All websites last February 15, 2021.) 2 Cornell Cooperative Extension of Westchester County, Incubation & Embryology, http://westchester.cce.cornell.edu/4-h-youth-development/incubation-embryology. 3 E.g., Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County, Incubation & Embryology (Jan. -
Laboratory Primate Newsletter
LABORATORY PRIMATE NEWSLETTER Vol. 44, No. 3 July 2005 JUDITH E. SCHRIER, EDITOR JAMES S. HARPER, GORDON J. HANKINSON AND LARRY HULSEBOS, ASSOCIATE EDITORS MORRIS L. POVAR, CONSULTING EDITOR ELVA MATHIESEN, ASSISTANT EDITOR ALLAN M. SCHRIER, FOUNDING EDITOR, 1962-1987 Published Quarterly by the Schrier Research Laboratory Psychology Department, Brown University Providence, Rhode Island ISSN 0023-6861 POLICY STATEMENT The Laboratory Primate Newsletter provides a central source of information about nonhuman primates and re- lated matters to scientists who use these animals in their research and those whose work supports such research. The Newsletter (1) provides information on care and breeding of nonhuman primates for laboratory research, (2) dis- seminates general information and news about the world of primate research (such as announcements of meetings, research projects, sources of information, nomenclature changes), (3) helps meet the special research needs of indi- vidual investigators by publishing requests for research material or for information related to specific research prob- lems, and (4) serves the cause of conservation of nonhuman primates by publishing information on that topic. As a rule, research articles or summaries accepted for the Newsletter have some practical implications or provide general information likely to be of interest to investigators in a variety of areas of primate research. However, special con- sideration will be given to articles containing data on primates not conveniently publishable elsewhere. General descriptions of current research projects on primates will also be welcome. The Newsletter appears quarterly and is intended primarily for persons doing research with nonhuman primates. Back issues may be purchased for $5.00 each. -
The Book Collection at the Veggie Center FAR from COMPLETE, THIS LIBRARY of VEGETARIAN SOURCES SHOWS the BREADTH of OUR CULTURE
2 WHAT YOU’LL FIND AT THE VEGETARIAN CENTER OF NYC: A RESOURCE GUIDE The Vegetarian Center is the If you’re a vegetarian, we’ve brightest jewel in VivaVegie’s got the answers! education and outreach crown. The Vegetarian Center of NYC is a unique clearinghouse for information. On a daily basis, it receives numerous The VivaVegie Society has a solid history of service to phone calls and walk-in visits from inquisitive people in- the vegetarian community. Since 1991 it has distributed terested in the vegetarian lifestyle. People are always tens of thousands of copies of its hallmark publication, grateful for what the center has to offer them, usually “101 Reasons Why I’m a Vegetarian” by Pamela free of charge. Rice. It has continuously published its journal, The Viva- Vine, for over 10 years. It has been tireless in its dedication This place is here for you. to creative and effective vegetarian street outreach. Hun- Today we vegetarians have a place to call home—a fa- dreds of people, and perhaps thousands, have adopted cility that is there strictly on our behalf. In the long run, the vegetarian lifestyle because of the efforts of the group. the center will grow into whatever the vegetarian com- VivaVegie’s proudest accomplishment, however, has munity of New York City decides it should be. VivaVegie been the opening of its Vegetarian Center. Here is a has laid a foundation. The challenge for us as a com- place that focuses on projecting the vegetarian point of munity is to come together and build this center into a view as its primary mission. -
(CCAC) Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals Volume
Canadian Council on Animal Care Conseil canadien de protection des animaux Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals Volume 1, 2nd Edition Sections of this document that have been revised are replaced by links to the relevant documents. The remaining sections are undergoing revision; however, they will continue to be used for CCAC assessments until revised guidelines are published. Editors Dr E.D. Olfert Dr B.M. Cross Mrs A.A. McWilliam Director Asssistant Director Information Officer Animal Resources Centre Animal Resources Centre Canadian Council on Animal Care University of Saskatchewan University of Saskatchewan 1000-151 Slater Street Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Ottawa, Ontario K1P 5H3 S7N 0W0 S7N 0W0 In keeping with the CCAC policy of revising statements and guidelines as needed, users of this Guide are encouraged to forward any comments to the Secretariat. Citing certain devices or manufacturers is not to be perceived as the endorsement of the Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) of one particular product over another. Publication Date: 1993 Revision Date: April 2020 © Canadian Council on Animal Care, 1993 ISBN: 0-919087-18-3 Canadian Council on Animal Care 190 O’Connor St., Suite 800 Ottawa, Ontario, K2P 2R3 http://www.ccac.ca Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................1 PREFACE.........................................................................................................................2 -
ARC News a Newsletter from the Animal Rights Coalition
AARRCC NNEEWWSS The Poultry Issue The Poultry Issue Fall 2007 A publication of the Animal Rights Coalition to promote a compassionate world A Day in a Life in the City with Chickens by Mary Britton Clouse, Chicken Run Rescue It’s just before sunrise. Classical music seeps softly from the clock radio. The floor creaks as I step out of bed and the roosters stir from their sleep just below in our basement. Wings slap a warning that the first crow will come from Roseman – ARK-A-ARK-A-ARKGGG in his old, gravelly voice. We’ve been hearing that crow for almost five years now. Young Bing, named after Bing Crosby, chimes in with a melodious and melancholy greeting that sounds much like the first few notes of the Air Force anthem “Off We Go” – an appropriate way to start a day. I dress and pad downstairs. I sing a good morning song A beautiful day at Chicken Run Rescue to my beautiful birds as I tug on the lights. All seven girls are already up and pacing at their pen door, anxious to Rosco gets his eye drops for a slight infection. Roseman trundle up the stairs to the shed door and outside and see gets a half tablet of Baytril for a persistent foot infection. what garden snacks are left from yesterday’s treats. They Bing has just recovered from a very serious and unsolved have been thinking about them all night. Several also illness, perhaps from some toxic berry he found in the have plans to lay eggs in a little while. -
Why Vegan? Rev
THE TRANSFORMATION OF ANIMALS INTO FOOD Many people believe that animals raised for food must be treated well because sick or dead animals would be of no use to agribusiness. This is not true. INDUSTRIALIZED CRUELTY: FACTORY FARMING The competition to produce inexpensive meat, eggs, and dairy products has led animal agribusiness to treat animals as objects and commodities. The worldwide trend is to replace small family farms with “factory farms”—large warehouses where animals are confined in crowded cages or pens or in restrictive stalls. “U.S. society is extremely naive about the nature of agricultural production. “[I]f the public knew more about the way in which agricultural and animal production infringes on animal welfare, the outcry would be louder.” BERNARD E. ROLLIN, PhD Farm Animal Welfare, Iowa State University Press, 2003 Hens in crowded cages suffer severe feather loss. Bernard Rollin, PhD, explains that it is “more economically efficient to put a greater number of birds into each cage, accepting lower productivity per bird but greater productivity per cage… individual animals may ‘produce,’ for example gain weight, in part because they are immobile, yet suffer because of the inability to move.… Chickens are cheap, cages are expensive.” 1 In a November 1993 article in favor of reducing space from 8 to 6 square feet per pig, industry journal National Hog 2 Farmer advised, “Crowding pigs pays.” Inside a broiler house. Birds Virtually all U.S. birds raised for food are factory farmed. 2 Inside the densely populated buildings, enormous amounts of waste accumulate. The result- ing ammonia levels commonly cause painful burns to the birds’ skin, eyes, and respiratory tracts. -
Summer 2007 Newsletter
AARRCC NNEEWWSS The Green Issue The Green Issue Summer 2007 A publication of the Animal Rights Coalition to promote a compassionate world Saving the Planet One Bite at a Time Here’s an interesting tidbit for you – according to a recent report from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, livestock generate more greenhouse gas emissions than our beloved automobiles! I’m always amazed when I read statistics about the impact mass agriculture has on our Mother Earth. There is a gymnasium-sized amount of information about global warming and the impact our voracious meat-eating is having on the planet. Yet, in many mainstream news stories about global warming and environmental destruction, animal agriculture isn’t even mentioned. Even Al Gore missed this point in “An Inconvenient Truth.” The inconvenient truth is, just changing your light bulbs isn’t going to save the planet, and perhaps the meat issue is just a little too close to home. At any rate, I’d prefer to let the facts speak for Gases produced by animal agriculture are themselves. Here are but a few environmental reasons leading contributors to global warming why leaving meat off your plate is so important. Rainforests are incredibly bio-diverse areas, with 90% of all species on Earth. Cutting them down not only creates Researchers at the University of Chicago noted that more greenhouse gases through the process of destruction, feeding animals for meat, dairy, and egg production but also reduces the amazing benefits the trees provide. requires growing 10 times as many crops as a plant- Rainforests have been called the “lungs of the Earth,” based diet. -
Evaluating the Slaughter Techniques in Cattle
Influence of conventional and Kosher slaughter techniques in cattle on carcass and meat quality By BABATUNDE AGBENIGA B. Inst. Agrar. (Hons). Food Production and Processing University of Pretoria Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree M.Sc. (Agric) Meat Science In the Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria 2011 Supervisor: Prof. E.C. Webb. © University of Pretoria DECLARATION I declare that this thesis for the degree M.Sc. (Agric) Meat Science at the University of Pretoria has not been submitted by me for a degree at any other University Babatunde Agbeniga November, 2011 CONTENTS Acknowledgements i List of abbreviation ii List of figures iv List of tables v Abstract vi Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Literature review 4 2.1 Slaughter 4 2.2 Treatment of animals prior to slaughter 9 2.3 Effects of stress on meat quality 10 2.4 Types of muscles, their structure and composition, location and 12 metabolism 2.5 Blood and body fluid 24 2.6 Slaughter methods in international abattoirs 25 2.7 Legislation and regulations guiding animal slaughter 25 2.8 The standard slaughter methods and their effects on meat and 26 carcass quality 2.9 Kosher slaughter method and its principles 35 2.10 Effects of the Kosher slaughter technique on meat and carcass 39 quality parameters 2.11 Electrical stimulation of carcasses 43 Chapter 3: Materials and methods 45 3.1 Pre-slaughter processes 45 3.2 Slaughter processes 45 3.3 Sample collection 55 3.4 Methods 55 3.5 Statistical analyses 57 Chapter