The Olympics Are Coming to Tokyo 完成予想イメージパースであり、実際のものとは異なる可能性があります。 Copyright（C）大成建設・梓設計・隈研吾建築都市設計事務所共同企業体 著作権者の許可なく複製、転載、第三者開示等の行為を禁止する。
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Discovering Japan no.27 Special Feature The Olympics Are Coming to Tokyo 完成予想イメージパースであり、実際のものとは異なる可能性があります。 Copyright（C）大成建設・梓設計・隈研吾建築都市設計事務所共同企業体 著作権者の許可なく複製、転載、第三者開示等の行為を禁止する。 Special Feature 19 Column: Special Feature The Olympics History of Sports Pictograms no. 20 Technologies to Support the 27 contents Are Coming to Tokyo 2020 Games The Olympics Are Tokyo 22 Tasty Japan: Time to Eat! Yokan 04 Gaining Recognition in Global Sports Coming to Tokyo 24 Strolling Japan Japanese Martial Arts Odaiba and Toyosu In July 2020, Japan will host the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020. 10 Street Sports Debut on the 28 Souvenirs of Japan This issue of niponica explores the true essence of this innovative sports festival, whose vision, The guiding rope that links the athlete Olympic Stage and the guide Tabi-style Shoes for Running while firmly based on the legacy of the Tokyo 1964 Games, extends far into the future. 14 Together for the Paralympics Cover: Karate athlete Shimizu Kiyou (Photo: Aflo) niponica is published in Japanese and six other lan- guages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, 16 The Changing Face of the no.27 R-011105 and Spanish) to introduce to the world the people Olympic Legacy and culture of Japan today. The title niponica is de- Published by: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan Interior image of the Olympic Stadium (rendering): Design Works and Construction Works of Taisei Corporation, Azusa Sekkei Co., Ltd., and Kengo Kuma and Associates JV / Courtesy of JSC rived from “Nippon,” the Japanese word for Japan. 2-2-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Note: The rendering is intended to show a conceptual image at completion and may be subject to change. Tokyo 100-8919, Japan https://www.mofa.go.jp/ 2 niponica 3 #Budo 空手 Karate down the opponent, but mainly to defend oneself against if confronting real opponents, and training with persis- enemies. That is why karate techniques and training envi- tence on a daily basis without neglecting a single aspect Gaining Recognition in Global Sports sion situations in which one has to defeat opponents who of the technique. attack from all directions while protecting oneself. The second event, kumite (sparring), is a real combat- As a sport newly added to the Olympic program for style competition in which two opponents will face each Tokyo 2020, karate will feature two events. One of them other in the competition area. They will be awarded points Japanese Martial Arts is kata, which literally means “forms” and refers to the for applying, with a correct form and in appropriate man- detailed patterns of movement of the sport. In this event, ner, techniques to determined places on the opponent’s competitors will take the mat alone and demonstrate their body. Kumite is distinguished by dynamic offense and de- Karate will appear for the first time as an official Olympic sport at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. kata. They will be judged on the expressive power of their fense that use tsuki and keri. Speedy and energetic, kumite Meanwhile, judo has become immensely popular around the world since its debut at the Olympic Games techniques in terms of degree of training and proficiency. has a different appeal than the performance-like beauty Tokyo 1964. This article explores the appeal of traditional Japanese martial arts as they open to outside The outcome of the competition will be determined based of kata. influences and continue to evolve as competitive sports. on points assigned by the judges. In addition to precision of technique, points will be awarded for spirit and attitude, power, and speed fluctuation—in other words, how real the competitor’s performance appears, as if facing an opponent in its birthplace, Okinawa. Around the 1920s, karate spread in a real life situation. throughout Japan. Japanese emigrants are credited with Kata are considered accumulations of the physical tech- Martial art refined into bringing it to the global stage. Today, karate has become niques used in karate. They are refined by preceding gen- the common language of an international community with erations of karateka (karate practitioners). It is necessary beautiful kata forms more than 2 million practitioners in Japan and 130 million to understand the meaning of the techniques that com- Karate evolved as a martial art practiced with bare hands. practitioners around the world. pose each kata—the offensive techniques such as tsuki Left page: Shimizu Kiyou, a two-time winner of Originating in an indigenous Okinawan martial art called Karate consists of offensive techniques that use the entire (punching) and keri (kicking), as well as the defensive tech- the Female Kata title at the Karate World Cham- te (“hand,” pronounced “tii” in Okinawan), karate was born body, such as punching and striking with the fist as well as niques such as uke (blocking)—in order to convey the true pionships (Photo: Mutsu Kawamori / Aflo) Right page: Kiyuna Ryo, a three-time winner of the through a fusion with various Chinese techniques. Over kicking, and guarding techniques to counter the offensive meaning of a kata. Karateka learn to perform powerful Male Kata title at the Karate World Championships time, it gradually developed and became more sophisticated techniques. The purpose of these techniques is not to bring kata by engaging in practice with an earnest mindset as (Photo: Abaca / Aflo) 4 niponica 5 Enjoy diversity in styles How to get the most There are 98 types of kata that can be used in the competi- Competition format of the kata event tion. They are classified in the four main karate styles of Athletes will be divided into two groups of five. Shito-ryu, Goju-ryu, Shotokan-ryu, and Wado-ryu. Today, out of watching karate: most of the performed kata are from Shito-ryu and Goju- Group 1 1st and 2nd Group 2 round ryu. The differences in the movements depending on the beginners guide style are another enjoyable aspect to watch for in the kata 2 bouts will decide the top 3 athletes performances. Top three athletes per group Top three athletes Semifinals Highlights of kata Ranking of the top Goju-ryu “Suparimpei” three athletes in 1st 2nd 3rd each group 2nd 3rd 1st Curved movements performed while dodging the attacks of an imaginary Third place Learn more about the format of the playoff opponent in close combat are the main feature of this technique, which is Olympic karate competition Bronze medal known for dynamic flashes amid lithe movements. Ten representatives of countries and regions will compete Third place in the kata event at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. The playoff athletes who advance to the finals will perform four times Bronze medal in total. Final Gold medal Silver medal Contestants may use each kata only once in the course of the competition. Make sure to What to Based on the ranking after the semifinals, third place playoffs will be held between the pay attention to the strategy and tactics of 2nd-ranked athlete of Group 1 and the 3rd ranked athlete of Group 2, and between watch for the contestants as they determine when to the 3rd ranked athlete of Group 1 and the 2nd ranked athlete of Group 2. Then the final match between the 1st rank will be held. Shito-ryu perform their best kata. Kawasaki Emiko “Chatanyara Kushanku” Winner of the Female Kata title at the 59th This kata is distinguished by swift All Japan Student Karate Championship and the title at the 10th Asian Junior & straight movements that envision an Cadet Karate Championship (Photo: Osaka opponent at a slight distance. The kata Satoshi) is known for the speed and sharpness of movement. Don’t miss the timing of kiai In kata competitions, the athlete utters a shout of power called kiai in the moment the imaginary opponent is de- Imagine a virtual opponent with the contestant’s movements to feated. The timing of kiai differs depending on the kata, What to enjoy the performance even more. Watching the performance from watch for but usually it is the peak moment of the kata, when the behind the contestant will give you the feeling of fighting together. contestant utters a shout while executing a major tech- nique, such as punching or kicking. Highlights of kumite The kumite competition will be conducted in a tournament format, with two contestants facing each other and the win- What to watch for ner advancing to the next stage. The goal is to score points by applying three attack techniques (punching, kicking, Kiai in punching and striking) to determined places on the opponent’s body. The kiai serves to punc- Unlike full-contact combat, however, the contestants will tuate the delivery of several successive tech- not actually deliver blows to each other, but will execute niques. For the contes- their techniques by terminating them just before impact (a tants, it is a strenuous practice known as sundome). moment. Make sure to One of the highlights of kumite is the practice of strate- applaud and cheer them gically using distance and time. Maai is a term that refers on the successful deliv- to the distance maintained between opponents when they ery of a technique. do not attack each other or during attack so that they can protect themselves. When the combat enters into a maai, things can change in an instant, so make sure not to miss Kiai in kicking that instant. The athlete jumps from a blocking posi- tion and performs the kata in mid-air. Uekusa Ayumi (right) engages in kumite combat with Eleni Chatzilliadou of Greece Photo courtesy of Karatedo Magazine, JKFan 6 niponica 7 #Budo柔道 Judo Mukai Shoichiro (left) won the title in the men’s -90kg division at the 2018 Osaka Grand Slam (an international judo competition) in a match against Ushangi Margiani of Georgia.