Istanbul Technical University Institute of Social
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ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MESTRE SALA E PORTA BANDEIRA WITH POETIC LYRICS: PORT OF NATIONALITY AND SYMBOLIC EMANCIPATION Ph.D. THESIS Pınar ERDOĞDU Dr. Erol Uçer Centre for Advanced Studies in Music Music Programme JUNE 2012 ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MESTRE SALA E PORTA BANDEIRA WITH POETIC LYRICS: PORT OF NATIONALITY AND SYMBOLIC EMANCIPATION Ph.D. THESIS Pınar ERDOĞDU (409062004) Miam Dr. Erol Uçer Centre for Advanced Music Studies Music Programme Thesis Advisor: Prof.Şehvar Beşiroğlu Co-Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Robert Reigle JUNE 2012 İSTANBUL TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ MESTRE SALA VE PORTA BANDEİRA ŞİİRSEL ŞARKI SÖZLERİYLE OLUŞAN MİLLİYET VE SEMBOLİK ÖZGÜRLÜK NOKTASI DOKTORA TEZİ Pınar ERDOĞDU (409062004) Dr. Erol Üçer Müzik İleri Araştırmalar Merkezi Müzik Programı Tez Danışmanı: Prof.Şehvar Beşiroğlu Eş Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. Robert Reigle HAZİRAN 2012 Pınar Erdoğdu, a Ph.D. student of ITU MİAM Dr. Erol Üçer Centre for Advanced Studies in Music/ Graduate School of Music student ID 409062004, successfully defended the thesis/dissertation entitled “Mestre Sala e Porta Bandeira with Poetic Lyrics: Port of Nationality and Symbolic Emancipation”, which she prepared after fulfilling the requirements specified in the associated legislations, before the jury whose signatures are below. Thesis Advisor : Prof. Şehvar Beşiroğlu .............................. İstanbul Technical University Co-advisor : Assoc. Prof. Robert Reigle .............................. İstanbul Technical University Jury Members : Prof. Dr. Songül Ata ............................. İstanbul Technical University Prof. Dr. Şebnem Selışık Aksan .............................. Mimar Sinan University Assoc. Prof. Mehmet Hasgüler .............................. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Prof. Dr. Belma Kürtişoğlu .............................. İstanbul Technical University Assoc. Prof. Dr. Can Karadoğan .............................. İstanbul Technical University Date of Submission : 07 May 2012 Date of Defense : 05 June 2012 v vi To my son Mikhael Ali Goodstone, vii viii FOREWORD This thesis is investigating the issues of nationality and poetics in a community of samba schools, as it pertains to the couple dance section, Mestre Sala and Porta Bandeira, and the lyrics of samba songs. Based on field visits to samba schools of all classes in Rio de Janeiro between 2001 and 2010, this thesis presents a new way of thinking about the mestre sala and porta bandeira flag dance, the dancers, the ritual formed around this dance, and lyrics of samba songs; bringing out the layers of meanings embedded in the dance and lyrical tradition. I would like to thank all the people from samba schools who welcomed me while I was doing fieldwork. I also would like to thank Robert Reigle, Şehvar Beşiroğlu, Songül Karahasanoğlu, Şebnem Selışık Aslan, Martin Stokes, Belma Kürtişoğlu and Can Karadoğan who are the members of my thesis committee for guiding me to the completion of this work. I want to thank my mother Nesibe Erdoğdu, my father Mehmet Erdoğdu, my brothers Ahmet and Barış Erdoğdu, my dear friends Verna Gillis, Celeste Ganderson, Lynn Baucom, Joanna Yavuz, Lucy from Paris groups, Ayliz Huber, Burcu Aydeniz, François Xavier Dussol, Michelle Hill, Andiara Macedo, Diane Metzger, Melissa Erdoğdu and Rosemary İrving for their support, unconditional love and faith. June 2012 Pınar ERDOĞDU (Etnomüzikolog) ix x TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD ............................................................................................................. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. xiii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................. xv SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ xvii ÖZET ........................................................................................................................ xix 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose of Thesis ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 Literature Review: .............................................................................................. 2 1.3 Facts On the Community of Samba Schools Economically and Socially ........ 11 1.4 A Historical Perspective ................................................................................... 18 2. A CHAPTER ON ETHNOGRAPHY ................................................................. 27 2.1 A Thick Description of Dance.......................................................................... 56 3. THEORY BREAKDOWN .................................................................................. 65 3.1 Structural Analysis of Samba Schools ............................................................. 65 3.2 Competence andCarnival ................................................................................. 74 3.3 Role of recognition in Carnival ........................................................................ 76 3.4 Function in Carnival ......................................................................................... 81 4. LYRICS WITH METAPHORS ......................................................................... 87 4.1 Final Victory of Metaphors .............................................................................. 91 4.1.1 Re-historicizing Self Creation and Criticism of Institutions: .................... 94 4.1.2 New Utopias: ........................................................................................... 112 4.1.3 Embedding New Vocabularies ................................................................ 119 5.CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................ 145 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 151 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................ 157 APPENDIX A ......................................................................................................... 158 APPENDIX B ......................................................................................................... 162 APPENDIX C ......................................................................................................... 241 APPENDIX D ......................................................................................................... 242 APPENDIX E ......................................................................................................... 245 CIRRUCULUM VITAE ........................................................................................ 247 xi xii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 2003……………………...……….37 Table 3.1: Table of Contents of The Carnival Parade………………………….......66 Table 4.1: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1961…………………………..…..97 Table 4.2 : Samba School Imperatriz Leopoldinense Song Year 1969…….………99 Table 4.3 : Samba School Portela Song Year 1972……………………………….101 Table 4.4 : Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1973…………………………...102 Table 4.5 : Samba School Unidos do Viradouro Song Year 1984……………..…104 Table 4.6 : Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1988……………………….…..106 Table 4.7 : Samba School Beija Flor Song Year 2007…………………………....109 Table 4.8 : Liberdade, liberdade abre as asas sobre nos!.........................................113 Table 4.9 : Samba School Portela Song Year 1976………………………….…....114 Table 4.10 : Samba School Porta da Pedra Song Year 2000………………….…..116 Table 4.11 : Samba School Mocidade Independente Song Year 2006………..…..118 Table 4.12 : Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1968……………………...…..123 Table 4.13 : Samba School Imperatriz Leopoldinense Song Year 1969…….……124 Table 4.14 : Samba School Portela Song Year 1972…………………………..….126 Table 4.15 : Samba School Beija Flor Song Year 1983………………………..…127 Table 4.16 : Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1989…………………...……....129 Table 4.17 : Samba School Imperateiz Leopoldinense Song Year 1989……...…..131 Table 4.18 : Samba School Unidos da Tijuca Song Year 2008…………….……..133 Table A.1: Samba School Imperio Serrano Song Year 1948…………………..…162 Table A.2: Samba School Imperio Serrano Song Year 1949……………………...163 Table A.3: Samba School Imperio Serrano Song Year 1950……………………...164 Table A.4: Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1951…………………………....165 Table A.5: Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1952…………………….……...166 Table A.6: Samba School Portela Song Year 2008…………………………….....167 Table A.7: Samba School Portela Song Year 1954……………………………......168 Table A.8: Samba School Impreio Serrano Song Year 1955…………………...…169 Table A.9: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1956…………………………......170 Table A.10: Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1957………………………......171 Table A.11: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1957…………………………....172 Table A.12: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1958……………………………173 Table A.13: Samba School Mangueira Song Year 1959………………………......174 Table A.14: Samba School Imperatriz Leopoldinense Song Year 1960………….176 Table A.15: Samba School Salgueiro Song Year 1961…………………………....177 Table A.16: Samba School