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Some Antifungal Activities of Guinea Pig Peritoneal Exudate Cells Against Sporothrix Schenckii

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Some Antifungal Activities of Guinea Pig Peritoneal Exudate Cells Against Sporothrix Schenckii University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1981 Some antifungal activities of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells against Sporothrix schenckii Daryl S. Paulson The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Paulson, Daryl S., "Some antifungal activities of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells against Sporothrix schenckii" (1981). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7325. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7325 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 This is an unpublished manuscript in which copyright sub­ s i s t s . Any further reprinting of its contents must be approved BY THE AUTHOR. Mansfield Library University of Montana DATE: Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. SOME ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF GUINEA PIG PERITONEAL EXUDATE CELLS AGAINST SPOROTHRIX SCHENCKII by Daryl S Paulson B.A., University of Montana, 1972 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1981 Approved by: airman ers Dean, Graduate Schoo Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP38126 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI DisM rtfltion PuUiahing UMI EP38126 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 4 8 106 -13 46 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Paulson, Daryl S., M.S., 1977 Microbiology Some ancifungal activities of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells against Sporothrix schenckii. (46 pp.) Director; John J. Taylor Six guinea pig models were treated with schenckii conidia in various combinations to ascertain the effects of peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) on these conidia, to find whether or not those PEC effects were fungicidal or fungistatic to _S. schenckii conidia, and to determine the effects hydrocortisone acetate compromise had upon PEC activity. Phagocytic res­ ponses were measured using these 6 animal models which included animals immunized with viable conidia, animals immunized with non-viable conidia, untreated controls, animals compromised with cortisone but not immunized, animals both compromised and immunized with viable conidia and finally animals both compromised and immunized with non-viable conidia. Statisti­ cal analyses were used to compare the groups. It appears that animals immunized with viable conidia are more efficient in clearing these fungi via phagocytosis, that phagocytic rate and fungicidal properties are posi­ tively correlated, and that cortisone compromise, achieved through repeated cortisone injections into these animals, reduces both phagocytic ability and fungicidal properties to PECs. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work is dedicated to my two friends and fellow Marines, John Burke and John Osterhaus, who were killed in action at An Hoa Fire Base, South Vietnam, on Operation Taylor Common during the Tet offensive, 1968. Special thanks to Dr. John J. Taylor for his guidance in this work and to the other members of my committee, Drs. Mitsuru J. Nakamura, Clarence A, Speer, and Todd G. Cochran. I also extend my appreciation to Dr. Jon A. Rudbach for his valuable assistance in opening the initial computer account for the Microbiology Department, which allowed me to greatly sophisticate the statistical computations required in the multivariate analyses of this work. Also my thanks to Drs. Rudy Gideon and Don O. Loftsgaarden of the Mathematics Department for their statistical con­ sultations . Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ............................................................. ü ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................... H i TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES ...................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................... vi Chapter I. INTRODUCTION .............................................. 1 II. MATERIALS AND METHODS ...................................... 14 Animal Models .......................................... 14 Fungal cultures ........................................ 14 Tissue culturing media ................................. 15 G l a s s w a r e ..................... ......................... 16 Antigen preparations .. ............................... 16 Experimental m o d e l s ............ ...................... 17 In vitro methodology.................................... 18 Quantitative analysis . ............................. 21 III. R E S U L T S .................................................... 22 IV. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS................................. 34 V. S U M M A R Y .................................................... 42 REFERENCES CITED .................................................... 4 3 IV Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Average number of conidia phagocytosed per PEC based on 20 randomly selected P E C s ...................................................... 25 2. Average number of conidia phagocytosed per PEC based on only those PECs containing conidia............ 26 3. ANOVA summary table of the average number of conidia phagocytosed per 20 randomly selected PECs .............................. 27 4. Summary table of the nested ANOVA design based on phagocytic efficiency on t i m e ................... 28 5. ANOVA summary table for average numbers of conidia phagocytosed for each model regressed on (X^) treatment, and contrasted with the addition of (X-) age, and/or (Xg) sex............................................ 29 V Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Average number of conidia phagocytosed per PEC based on 20 randomly selected P E C s .......................................................... 23 2. Average number of conidia phagocytosed per PEC based on only those PECs containing conidia .......................................... 24 vx Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. BASIC REVIEW MATERIAL Host/Parasite Relationship For man and other animals, parasitic microbial Infection Is the Invasion of the host’s tissue by a multiplying microorganism which consumes the host’s nutrients, placing a strain on the host’s homeostatic ability. However, through the course of evolution, several effective and efficient antimicrobial defense systems have evolved: the Immune system and the reticuloendothelial system which are Interfunctional. Immune Sys t em The immune system(47) composed of primary and secondary lymphoid tissue (spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow, lymphocytes and Peyer’s patches) can be further divided into two cell type systems: the humoral and the cellular Immune systems. The humoral system refers to those lymphoid cells whose primary function is to produce antibodies (glyco­ proteins) capable of binding non-covalently through electrostatic forces, van der Walls force, hydrogen bonding of hydrophobic/hydrophilic Inter­ actions with specific complementary antigens. These humoral cells (B cells) are bone marrow derived and are the precursor cells of Immunoglobulin secreting cells or plasma cells. The cellular lymphoid system consists of thymus derived lymphoid cells (T cells), which do not differentiate Into immunoglobulin secreting cells, but Instead produce lymphokines such as macrophage activation factors, macrophage inhibition factors, lympho- cytotoxlns. Interferon, activation factors for eliciting the humoral Immune response and chemotactic factors. They are responsible for hetero- - 1- Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. — 2 — genous tissue graft rejection, they have the ability to directly lyse and destroy foreign cells Including certain tumors, and they are Involved In delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Reticuloendothelial System The reticuloendothelial system(5,44) Is composed of
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