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ISSN (Online) : 2455 - 3662 SJIF Impact Factor :3.967 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Monthly Peer Reviewed & Indexed International Online Journal Volume: 3 Issue: 1 January 2017 Published By : EPRA Journals CC License SJIF Impact Factor: 3.967 Volume: 3 | Issue: 1 | January 2017 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF CHANGES IN CHAMAR CASTE IN AKOLA DISTRICT ABSTRACT The people in this community were performing works like making shoos, boots, null and related things for survival. Their locality is outside of the village. It is one of the important communities in ‘Balutedari’ system. They are eliminated from religious, educational and social rights. Today also children in this community do work at bus stop 1 Deoman Shrikrushana Umbarkar railway station for survival. In the all seasons, they do the work of making 1 Research Scholar, shoos and chapels. Due to their low category work they are accommodated in down trodden category. Their hardly Dept. of Sociology, income is 50-100 per day. It is very limited income in the RTM, University, age of inflation. In the age of industrialization, quality of chappals has been reducing therefore chamar community Nagpur, Maharashtra, India got loss. Child labour, landlabour and agriculture labour etc are from chamar community in village society. Extreme poverty, lack of effective occupation is responsible for avoidance of education in this community. Liquor addition, superstitions and related problems are responsible for decline the state of chamar community. Developmental schemes and plans are not reaching towards them. Today due to commercialization, chamar community totally collapse and disturbed. KEYWORDS: chamar community, poverty, commercialization, traditional occupation INTRODUCTION living in extreme poverty. They are very long from Indian social system is dependent on Varna education. system viz Brahmin, Kshtriya, Vaish, and Shudra are The people in this community were the main four Varna used to present in the society. performing works like making shoos, boots, null and Caste system is originated from Varna system. Most related things for survival. Their locality is outside of downtrodden cast in shudra is chamar caste. the village. It is one of the important communities in Chamar community is present across India. ‘Balutedari’ system. They are eliminated from The name and structure is different to chamar in religious, educational and social rights. Today also different state. Dhor and Charmakar are in main caste children in this community do work at bus stop in Maharashtra. The people in chamar community are railway station for survival. www.eprajournals.com 157 Volume: 3 | Issue: 1 | January 2017 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) | ISSN (Online): 2455 -3662 | SJIF Impact Factor : 3.967 In the all seasons, they do the work of According to eminent sociologist Dr. G.S. making shoos and chapels. Due to their low category Ghurye had mentioned in his book Caste and Race in work they are accommodated in down trodden India (1969:172) that initially Arya were Brahmin, category. Their hardly income is 50-100 per day. It is Kshatriya, Vaisha Varna. Arya won over locals and very limited income in the age of inflation. In the age they incommoded in category of Shudra. In Rugveda, of industrialization, quality of chappals has been there is knowledge about origination of four Varnas. reducing therefore chamar community got loss. Child Later on Varna system had different feathers. labour, landlabour and agriculture labour etc are from Cast system has been originated from Varna chamar community in village society. Extreme system is India. Social stratification is happened in poverty, lack of effective occupation is responsible Japan China USA, Rome and Egypt also like India. for avoidance of education in this community. Liquor 1. Origination of cast system. addition, superstitions and related problems are 2. Fourth Varna, Shudra creation in Hindu responsible for decline the state of chamar Dharma community. Developmental schemes and plans are 3. Origination of Untachability. Cast system not reaching towards them. Today due to established in India since ‘Smurti Period’ In commercialization, chamar community totally Shung Age, cast system rooted well. collapse and disturbed. Varna clash, occupational disparity, Researcher is in chamar community itself. marriage system, rituals, customs etc are responsible He is familiar with situation and problems of chamar for cast system. Shudra are outside of Varna system. community. Utterpradesh and Maharashtra are Shudra also called as ‘Awarna’. They are isolated having the main proportion of chamar community. from Upanayan that’s why they called Advij and SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH Pancham. India is the example of unity in diversity. According to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, Cultural uniqueness is main characteristics of India. scarcity, impurity are the causes of untachability. An Indian society has been divided on the basis of last initial stage, birth, disksha, balig, marriage, system. Even today also people are engage in their intercourse, and death are the examples of traditional occupation. Some community are unsacredness. Eating the meat of cow become prime changing their traditional trend of work and accepting to bifurget the chamar community as a Shudra. new occupation for betterment of their life. Jatiya, Jaiswar, Dov Chamar, Kuril Chamar, Information technology, communication expansion in Aharwar Upjat, Dhuniya Unjat, Chamkeriya, education and hyper media culture etc are responsible Chandor, Karil, Bahraich, Ramday, Kansiya, Balahi, for social change. Sanskritization, modernization, Mochi etc are main sub caste in chamar migration play an important role in society community.In Maharashtra, Varshadi, Dakhani, transformation process. Kokani, Malwani Chambhar are prime types in IMPORTANCE TO SELECTION OF chamar community. THE TOPIC The history of chamar is admirable. Jawahar Researcher is belonging to chamar sansthan in Thane district of Maharashtra is the community. To do the holistic, detail study of chamar victory of ancestors. Shree Sant Mukne had ruled out community is main aim of the selection this topic. in this place. Changing pattern in cast system and social, cultural, REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL religious life of this community included in the RESEARCH IN INDIA study. M. Shoeb has written in his book ‘Hindu’ word being taken from Dravid and ‘education and mobility among the harijjans’ Vedic Aryan in the bank of Saptsindhu an ancient on Uttarpradesh included the social, economical time. Hindu social system occupies the Varna system, mobility with respect to social change. Sanskar, Dharma, Karma, Arshram system Bhosle B. V. mentioned in his book Punarjanam and cast system. Hindu social system is a ‘charmakars in transition 2003’ about detail main social system of India. illustration of charmakar community. Since 2000 year, frequently changes have Sunand Patwardhan emphasis on her book been taking place in the cast system. In Vedic Age ‘Change among Indias Harijan’ about various (600 B.C.) Brahman Kshtriya and Shudra were basic groups’ development and social stratification of this three Varna. Dharmashastra Yug created the Shudra, community. Varna. Cast system reached at extreme level in this Owen Lynch covered the social part of period. Post independence cast system received Tatwas city of Charmar community with respect to constitutional support. sanskritination and westernization process. Dr. Bhau Daider’s study is also useful related to this research. www.eprajournals.com 158 Volume: 3 | Issue: 1 | January 2017 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) | ISSN (Online): 2455 -3662 | SJIF Impact Factor : 3.967 OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH objectives authentic fiction included and explain with 1) To do the research of chamar community groups and maps. 2) To study the economical and educational status of SCOPE OF RESEARCH charmakar. The main aim of this research is to do the 3) To study the social, economical and culture holistic and complete study of chamar community in changes of chamar community. Akola district. HYPOTHESIS OF RESEARCH To understanding the effect of Following are the hypothesis of this research – modernization, urbanization westernization, science 1) Marginalized community has low economical and technology on social, economical, cultural area status of chamar community is main agenda of this 2) The effect of upper caste reflects on lower caste research. cause for sanskritilization. FAMILY STRUCTURE OF CHAMAR Observation and interview methods have been COMMUNITY included in this research. Following is the conclusion of this chapter on the SCOPE OF RESEARCH basis of collected data – Akola is a study area of this research. 1) The respondents in youth adult and old are 37 to According to 2001 census, 5, 15, 775 is the 42 years age group in the proportion of 33.00%. Male population of chamar community in Vidarbh. respondents are 30.75% and female respondents are Nagpur, Wardha, Gadchiroli, Gondiya, Chandrapur, 9.25% male are more in number than female. Bhandara, Amravati, Washim, Akola and Buldhana 375 respondents have Marathi language, 14 are having the proportion of chamar community. The have Hindi and only 3.5% respondents are from selection of respondents is related to statically base. English language. Akola, Balapur, Patur, Barshitakali, Patur, Married respondents are 90.5% widow, Murtizapur
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