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Ientifi£ Meri£An IENTIFI£ MERI£AN [Entered at the Post Office of New York.l". Y.• as Secollu Class :'Il:luer. Copyri�hL. HlU3. by ::\Iunn &:. CO.J NEW YORK, JUNE 27, 1903. CENTS A COPY 8 $3.00 A YEA R. L TOWING BARGES BY ELECTRIC LOCOllrlOTIVES ON A GERlIrIAN CANAL.-[See page 483.] © 1903 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC. JUNE 27, 1903. Scientific American of all electric conductors, attention was turned to the whatever could be found with its behavior. As ELECTRIC HAULAGE ON CANALS. BY FRANK C. PERKINS. open or uncovered wires. The line running from a repair shop, this car is fitted with the pneu­ Berlin to Magdeburg, a distance of 93 miles, was matic tools which are necessary to remedy any ordi­ Since the prize competition for an electric canal selected. The comparison was made between a wire nary damage that will be encountered on the road, and haulage system to be used on the Teltow Canal, con­ 2 mm. (.078 inch) in diameter and 93 miles long, and which are operated from the train-line pressure of the siderable attention has been drawn to what has been another of 3 mm. (.118 inch) in diameter and 111:� air-brake system. The car parts are all interchange­ done in the same field during the past decade. The miles long. Fig 2 shows the manner of equipping the able, and the repair car is fitted out with duplicate Teltow Canal, nearly forty miles in length, it is said, former wire with the coils, as well would carry nearly five million tons as the double insulator. The coils per annum, connecting as it does the were placed upon poles 2'\6 miles rivers Spree and Havel. The commit­ apart, and it was found that the as­ tee in charge of the competition offered sisted smaller wire far surpassed the prizes of about $3,000 for the best elec­ work performed by the larger wire. tric system of canal haulage. A score In Fig. 3 we show a po'!e with a num­ of applicants took part in the compe­ ber of coils attached. These results tition. prove that in the Pupin inventions, It may be of interest to consider new means are provided for greatly some of the work done in electric canal increasing the speaking property of haulage before going into the details cables. The day may not be so very of these tests. In Germany, France, far in the future before New York and America, and other countries experi­ London, Paris, Berlin, Vienna, or St. ments have been made with electric Petersburg may be telephonically con­ canal haulage systems with varying nected, and "Hello London," will be a success during the past ten years or common expression in Wall Street. The more. Recently it has been seriously coils necessary to assist a wire are not questioned whether the railroads too large to be placed in the sheathing wou'!d be able to supersede the canals of a transatlantic cable. Hence such entirely or even compete successfully a cable is by no means an impossibil­ against them, when electrically ity. Such coils, if placed at proper in­ equipped, for moderate speed transpor­ tervals, may not exceed an inch in tation of freight. The general ten­ length with a diameter of half an inch. dency is to enlarge canals to accom­ With the Marconi wireless telegraphic modate larger boats. The Erie Canal and the Pupin relay telephonic sys- A STEEL CABOOSE AND REPAIR CAR. has been somewhat enlarged and will tems in working order, the era of undoubtedly soon be reconstructed, quick and easy communication will have arrived. parts. Where it is necessary, it will be a comparative­ and equipped for handling immense quantities of ,. ...... ly easy matter to cut out a broken part and substitute freight. The Oder-Spree Canal was enlarged for boats A STEEL CABOOSE AND REP AIR CAR. a new one. A special tool is provided on the car for of 450 tons. Th'e Dortmund-Ems Canal boats have a BY GEORGE J •.TONES. doing this work quickly. By means of this tool the capacity of 750 tons. Large boats are also to be found With steel cars now coming large'ly into use, en­ rivets are cut out so that new parts can be substituted. on the great Mittelland Canal. tirely new problems of maintenance and repair are With the usual cold chisel and sledge hammer, it Lamb's aerial system was tested in America on the encountered. When a wooden car is wrecked in a col­ would be impossibfe to accomplish milch in difficult Erie Canal near Buffalo some years ago and on the lision or other accident, the problem generally pre­ places under the car. Finow Canal near Eberswald, Germany. A strong steel sented is that of getting the debris Ollt of the way as The tool in question consists of an ordinary piece of cable is used in this system for supporting the motor soon as possible and to subject the following trains to hydraulic piping with a series of cutting teeth on one carriage. The current is received from an overhead the 'least possible delay. But in the case of the steel end, the other end being fitted to the drill ordinarily trolley wire and travels along the suspended cable. car the dv,mage sustained is of an entirely different used with the pneumatic equipment. These teeth be­ The steel cables are all supported on posts a'long the character. With the proper facilities at hand, it is ing allowed to operate on the head on the rivet. cut lJank of the canal. The propelling mechanism consists necessary only to replace a few parts, to straighten it away until it can be driven out with little difficulty. of a revolving drum which winds itself on and along a out a few others, and the car is ready to proceed to its In the construction of the steel cars, bolts are used second steel cable provided for the purpose. 'fhe destination, instead of rivets on all parts which are most liable length of the system installed for this test was some­ The Goodwin Car Company has been the first to to damage while on the road by reason of accIdent. what less than half a mile. meet these changed conditions by the construction of These parts can then be removed and replaced merely The motor used was of about 1 ton weight. 500 volts a combined caboose and repair car, which is designed by the use of a monkey wrench, which feature further pressure. and of 5 horse power capacity, while the to accompany trains of the dumping cars built by that simplifies the matter of repairs on the road. speed attained was about 13,000 feet per hour, or 3.6 company. Such a car is shown in the accompanying The steel caboose also can be used as an observa­ feet per second. On canals of many curves and turns cut, and was built for the Carnegie Steel Company as tion car, being supplied with a cupola and a railing the suspended system of haulage is open to tne objec­ part of a train 'Nhich that concern is now operating around the top of the car. From this point the opera­ tion that many supporting posts are required. The in the vicinity of Pittsburg, One of the features of tion of the entire train can be observed. By opening weight of the heavy cable is said to be an objection; superiority of this car over the caboose of wood is its an air-valve at one end of the car, any car or the whole besides, many engineers contend that the cost of main­ great strength, It has but two sills, which are of steel train can be dumped either at the side of the track tenance would be high. One of the advantages claimed and form the backbone of the car, being situated or in the center. This feature is of great advantage for this system is that it leaves the bank free. TOWING CANALBOATS BY ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES (KOETTGEN SYSTEM). on the line of the draft and pulling strains. The in trestle filling and storage purposes, mineraI trans­ The Koettgen electric canal haulage system employs rigidity thus obtained is especially desirable where it portation and for filling work. one rail in some cases and two rails in others where is found necessary to make use of pushing engines on ... e.• tests have been made as on the Finow Canal. mountain grades. One of the most common forms of The dahlia is a plant prized solely for its bloom, yet The electrical equipment was supplied by Siemens & accident is the result of the collapse of the caboose in were all the Irish potatoes to be destroyed, it is pos­ Halske of Berlin. The length of track used was about these trying circumstances. The sudden application sible that this plant would to some extent replace 3.300 feet and an electric locomotive is employed for of the brakes at the head of the train on a slight them. Roasted, the dahlia bulb is wholesome and hauling the canalboats. The single rail is placed far­ grade has been known more than once to smash the toothsome and makes a not bad substitute for the po­ thest from the canal so as to impede other traffic on caboose into splinters, kil'ling or maiming the occu­ tato. When first introduced into Europe, it was not the canal as little as possible. Two of the locomotive pants.
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