Some Aspects on the Taxonomy, Ecology, and Histology of Pythium
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Phytopythium: Molecular Phylogeny and Systematics
Persoonia 34, 2015: 25–39 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158515X685382 Phytopythium: molecular phylogeny and systematics A.W.A.M. de Cock1, A.M. Lodhi2, T.L. Rintoul 3, K. Bala 3, G.P. Robideau3, Z. Gloria Abad4, M.D. Coffey 5, S. Shahzad 6, C.A. Lévesque 3 Key words Abstract The genus Phytopythium (Peronosporales) has been described, but a complete circumscription has not yet been presented. In the present paper we provide molecular-based evidence that members of Pythium COI clade K as described by Lévesque & de Cock (2004) belong to Phytopythium. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian LSU phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU and SSU) and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase Oomycetes subunit 1 (COI) as well as statistical analyses of pairwise distances strongly support the status of Phytopythium as Oomycota a separate phylogenetic entity. Phytopythium is morphologically intermediate between the genera Phytophthora Peronosporales and Pythium. It is unique in having papillate, internally proliferating sporangia and cylindrical or lobate antheridia. Phytopythium The formal transfer of clade K species to Phytopythium and a comparison with morphologically similar species of Pythiales the genera Pythium and Phytophthora is presented. A new species is described, Phytopythium mirpurense. SSU Article info Received: 28 January 2014; Accepted: 27 September 2014; Published: 30 October 2014. INTRODUCTION establish which species belong to clade K and to make new taxonomic combinations for these species. To achieve this The genus Pythium as defined by Pringsheim in 1858 was goal, phylogenies based on nuclear LSU rRNA (28S), SSU divided by Lévesque & de Cock (2004) into 11 clades based rRNA (18S) and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase1 (COI) on molecular systematic analyses. -
Algae & Marine Plants of Point Reyes
Algae & Marine Plants of Point Reyes Green Algae or Chlorophyta Genus/Species Common Name Acrosiphonia coalita Green rope, Tangled weed Blidingia minima Blidingia minima var. vexata Dwarf sea hair Bryopsis corticulans Cladophora columbiana Green tuft alga Codium fragile subsp. californicum Sea staghorn Codium setchellii Smooth spongy cushion, Green spongy cushion Trentepohlia aurea Ulva californica Ulva fenestrata Sea lettuce Ulva intestinalis Sea hair, Sea lettuce, Gutweed, Grass kelp Ulva linza Ulva taeniata Urospora sp. Brown Algae or Ochrophyta Genus/Species Common Name Alaria marginata Ribbon kelp, Winged kelp Analipus japonicus Fir branch seaweed, Sea fir Coilodesme californica Dactylosiphon bullosus Desmarestia herbacea Desmarestia latifrons Egregia menziesii Feather boa Fucus distichus Bladderwrack, Rockweed Haplogloia andersonii Anderson's gooey brown Laminaria setchellii Southern stiff-stiped kelp Laminaria sinclairii Leathesia marina Sea cauliflower Melanosiphon intestinalis Twisted sea tubes Nereocystis luetkeana Bull kelp, Bullwhip kelp, Bladder wrack, Edible kelp, Ribbon kelp Pelvetiopsis limitata Petalonia fascia False kelp Petrospongium rugosum Phaeostrophion irregulare Sand-scoured false kelp Pterygophora californica Woody-stemmed kelp, Stalked kelp, Walking kelp Ralfsia sp. Silvetia compressa Rockweed Stephanocystis osmundacea Page 1 of 4 Red Algae or Rhodophyta Genus/Species Common Name Ahnfeltia fastigiata Bushy Ahnfelt's seaweed Ahnfeltiopsis linearis Anisocladella pacifica Bangia sp. Bossiella dichotoma Bossiella -
The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (Marlin)
The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Volume 1. Background to biotope research. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales Contract no. FC 73-023-255G Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters, Charlotte Marshall, & Dr Keith Hiscock With contributions from: Georgina Budd, Jacqueline Hill, Will Rayment and Angus Jackson DRAFT / FINAL REPORT January 2005 Reference: Tyler-Walters, H., Marshall, C., Hiscock, K., Hill, J.M., Budd, G.C., Rayment, W.J. & Jackson, A., 2005. Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Marine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth. [CCW Contract no. FC 73-023-255G] Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background 2 Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................5 Crynodeb gweithredol ........................................................................................................................................6 -
Development and Function of Plasmodesmata in Zygotes of Fucus Distichus
Botanica Marina 2015; 58(3): 229–238 Chikako Nagasato*, Makoto Terauchi, Atsuko Tanaka and Taizo Motomura Development and function of plasmodesmata in zygotes of Fucus distichus Abstract: Brown algae have plasmodesmata, tiny tubu- Introduction lar cytoplasmic channels connecting adjacent cells. The lumen of plasmodesmata is 10–20 nm wide, and it takes a Multicellular organisms such as animals, fungi, land simple form, without a desmotubule (the inner membrane plants, and brown algae have specific cellular connections. structure consisting of endoplasmic reticulum in the plas- These structures connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells modesmata of green plants). In this study, we analyzed and provide a route for cell-cell communication. Green the ultrastructure and distribution of plasmodesmata plants, including land plants and certain species of green during development of Fucus distichus zygotes. The first algae (reviewed in Robards and Lucas 1990, Raven 1997), cytokinesis of zygotes in brown algae is not accompanied and brown algae (Bisalputra 1966) possess plasmodes- by plasmodesmata formation. As the germlings develop, mata. These are cytoplasmic canals that pass through the plasmodesmata are found in all septal cell walls, includ- septal cell wall and connect adjacent cells. Plasmodes- ing the first cell division plane. Plasmodesmata are formed mata in green plants and brown algae share similar char- de novo on the existing cell wall. Pit fields, which are clus- acteristics; however, plasmodesmata in brown algae lack ters of plasmodesmata, were observed in germlings with a desmotubule, a tubular strand of connecting endoplas- differentiated cell layers. Apart from the normal plas- mic reticulum (ER) that penetrates the plasmodesmata modesmata, these pit fields had branched plasmodes- of land plants (Terauchi et al. -
Fucoid Algae As Model Organisms for Investigating Early Embryogenesis
Cah. Biol. Mar. (2001) 42 : 101-107 Fucoid algae as model organisms for investigating early embryogenesis Francois-Yves BOUGET1, Florence CORELLOU1 & Darryl L. KROPF2* 1 UMR 1931 CNRS-Goëmar, Station Biologique CNRS-INSU-Université Paris 6, Place Georges-Teissier, BP 74, F29682 Roscoff Cedex, France. 2 University of Utah, Department of Biology, 257 South 1400 East Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0840, USA E-mail: [email protected] * Author for correspondence Abstract: In the past few years, there have been exciting advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that control morphogenesis in fucoid embryos. In this article we review recent findings from our laboratories concerning 1) polarity establishment and expression in the zygote and 2) development of the zygote into a multicellular embryo. Résumé : Durant la dernière décennie, des avancées importantes ont été réalisées dans la compréhension des mécanismes qui contrôlent la morphogenèse des embryons de Fucacées. Dans cette revue, nous présentons les résultats récents obtenus dans nos laboratoires respectifs concernant 1) l’établissement de la polarité et son expression dans le zygote et 2) le déve- loppement du zygote en un embryon pluricellulaire. Keywords : Fucus, Pelvetia, embryogenesis, polarity. Introduction onto the substratum (rocks in the intertidal zone) where they attach tenaciously by a secreted adhesive (Vreeland et al., In addition to their importance as sources of natural 1993). Rapid adhesion is critical for survival because polymers and foods, many marine algae also provide zygotes that fail to attach are washed out to sea in the next excellent opportunities for investigating the mechanisms tidal cycle. As was first recognized over 100 years ago by that control development. -
Ascophyllum Nodosum) in Breiðafjörður, Iceland: Effects of Environmental Factors on Biomass and Plant Height
Rockweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) in Breiðafjörður, Iceland: Effects of environmental factors on biomass and plant height Lilja Gunnarsdóttir Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Iceland 2017 Rockweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) in Breiðafjörður, Iceland: Effects of environmental factors on biomass and plant height Lilja Gunnarsdóttir 60 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Environment and Natural Resources MS Committee Mariana Lucia Tamayo Karl Gunnarsson Master’s Examiner Jörundur Svavarsson Faculty of Life and Environmental Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavik, December 2017 Rockweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) in Breiðafjörður, Iceland: Effects of environmental factors on biomass and plant height Rockweed in Breiðafjörður, Iceland 60 ECTS thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of a Magister Scientiarum degree in Environment and Natural Resources Copyright © 2017 Lilja Gunnarsdóttir All rights reserved Faculty of Life and Environmental Science School of Engineering and Natural Sciences University of Iceland Askja, Sturlugata 7 101, Reykjavik Iceland Telephone: 525 4000 Bibliographic information: Lilja Gunnarsdóttir, 2017, Rockweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) in Breiðafjörður, Iceland: Effects of environmental factors on biomass and plant height, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, University of Iceland, pp. 48 Printing: Háskólaprent Reykjavik, Iceland, December 2017 Abstract During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) ice covered all rocky shores in eastern N-America while on the shores of Europe ice reached south of Ireland where rocky shores were found south of the glacier. After the LGM, rocky shores ecosystem development along European coasts was influenced mainly by movement of the littoral species in the wake of receding ice, while rocky shores of Iceland and NE-America were most likely colonized from N- Europe. -
Marlin Marine Information Network Information on the Species and Habitats Around the Coasts and Sea of the British Isles
MarLIN Marine Information Network Information on the species and habitats around the coasts and sea of the British Isles Fucus distichus and Fucus spiralis f. nana on extremely exposed upper shore rock MarLIN – Marine Life Information Network Marine Evidence–based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) Review Frances Perry & Jacqueline Hill 2015-10-15 A report from: The Marine Life Information Network, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Please note. This MarESA report is a dated version of the online review. Please refer to the website for the most up-to-date version [https://www.marlin.ac.uk/habitats/detail/234]. All terms and the MarESA methodology are outlined on the website (https://www.marlin.ac.uk) This review can be cited as: Perry, F. & Hill, J.M., 2015. [Fucus distichus] and [Fucus spiralis f. nana] on extremely exposed upper shore rock. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.17031/marlinhab.234.1 The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own terms and conditions and they may or may not be available for reuse. Permissions beyond the scope of this license are available here. Based on a work at www.marlin.ac.uk (page left blank) Date: 2015-10-15 Fucus distichus and Fucus spiralis f. -
ABSTRACT REEVES, ELLA ROBYN. Pythium Spp. Associated with Root
ABSTRACT REEVES, ELLA ROBYN. Pythium spp. Associated with Root Rot and Stunting of Winter Field and Cover Crops in North Carolina. (Under the direction of Dr. Barbara Shew and Dr. Jim Kerns). Soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) was valued at over $66 million in North Carolina in 2019, but mild to severe stunting and root rot limit yields in the Coastal Plain region during years with above-average rainfall. Pythium irregulare, P. vanterpoolii, and P. spinosum were previously identified as causal agents of stunting and root rot of winter wheat in this region. Annual double-crop rotation systems that incorporate winter wheat, or other winter crops such as clary sage, rapeseed, or a cover crop are common in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Stunting and root rot reduce yields of clary sage, and limit stand establishment and biomass accumulation of other winter crops in wet soils, but the role that Pythium spp. play in root rot of these crops is not understood, To investigate species prevalence, isolates of Pythium were collected from stunted winter wheat, clary sage, rye, rapeseed, and winter pea plants collected in eastern North Carolina during the growing season of 2018-2019, and from all crops except winter wheat again in 2019-2020. A total of 534 isolates were identified from all hosts. P. irregulare (32%), P. vanterpoolii (17%), and P. spinosum (16%) were the species most frequently recovered from wheat. P. irregulare (37% of all isolates) and members of the species complex Pythium sp. cluster B2A (28% of all isolates) comprised the majority of isolates collected from clary sage, rye, rapeseed, and winter pea. -
Coalescence De L'écologie Du Paysage Littoral Et De La Technologie
Université du Québec INRS (Eau, Terre et Environnement) Coalescence de l’écologie du paysage littoral et de la technologie aéroportée du LiDAR ubiquiste THÈSE DE DOCTORAT Présentée pour l‘obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en Sciences de la Terre Par Antoine Collin 19 mai 2009 Jury d‘évaluation Présidente du jury et Monique Bernier examinatrice interne Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique - Eau Terre et Environnement, Québec, Canada Examinateur interne Pierre Francus Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique - Eau Terre et Environnement, Québec, Canada Examinatrice externe Marie-Josée Fortin Université de Toronto, Ontario, Canada Examinateur externe Georges Stora Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France Directeur de recherche Bernard Long Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique – Eau, Terre et Environnement, Québec, Canada Co-directeur de recherche Philippe Archambault Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada © Droits réservés de Antoine Collin, 2009 v Imprimée sur papier 100% recyclé « Nous croyons regarder la nature et c'est la nature qui nous regarde et nous imprègne. » Christian Charrière, Extrait de Le maître d'âme. vi vii Résumé La frange littorale englobe un éventail d‘écosystèmes dont les services écologiques atteignent 17.447 billions de dollars U.S., ce qui constitue la moitié de la somme totale des capitaux naturels des écosystèmes de la Terre. L‘accroissement démographique couplé aux bouleversements provoqués par le réchauffement climatique, génèrent inexorablement de fortes pressions sur les processus écologiques côtiers. L‘écologie du paysage, née de la rencontre de l‘écologie et de l‘aménagement du territoire, est susceptible d‘apporter les fondements scientifiques nécessaires à la gestion durable de ces écosystèmes littoraux. -
Revisiting Salisapiliaceae
VOLUME 3 JUNE 2019 Fungal Systematics and Evolution PAGES 171–184 doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2019.03.10 RevisitingSalisapiliaceae R.M. Bennett1,2, M. Thines1,2,3* 1Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBik-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 2Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany 3Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF), Georg-Voight-Str. 14-16, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany *Corresponding author: [email protected] Key words: Abstract: Of the diverse lineages of the Phylum Oomycota, saprotrophic oomycetes from the salt marsh and mangrove Estuarine oomycetes habitats are still understudied, despite their ecological importance. Salisapiliaceae, a monophyletic and monogeneric Halophytophthora taxon of the marine and estuarine oomycetes, was introduced to accommodate species with a protruding hyaline mangroves apical plug, small hyphal diameter and lack of vesicle formation during zoospore release. At the time of description of new taxa Salisapilia, only few species of Halophytophthora, an ecologically similar, phylogenetically heterogeneous genus from phylogeny which Salisapilia was segregated, were included. In this study, a revision of the genus Salisapilia is presented, and five Salisapilia new combinations (S. bahamensis, S. elongata, S. epistomia, S. masteri, and S. mycoparasitica) and one new species (S. coffeyi) are proposed. Further, the species description ofS. nakagirii is emended for some exceptional morphological and developmental characteristics. A key to the genus Salisapilia is provided and its generic circumscription and character evolution in cultivable Peronosporales are discussed. Effectively published online: 22 March 2019. Editor-in-Chief Prof. -
Pythium Graminicola Subr. on Barley
Volume 25 Article 1 Number 287 Pythium Graminicola Subr. on Barley May 1941 Pythium Graminicola Subr. on Barley Wen-Chun Ho Iowa State College C. H. Meredith Iowa State College I. E. Melhus Iowa State College Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/researchbulletin Part of the Agriculture Commons, Botany Commons, and the Plant Pathology Commons Recommended Citation Ho, Wen-Chun; Meredith, C. H.; and Melhus, I. E. (1941) "Pythium Graminicola Subr. on Barley," Research Bulletin (Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station): Vol. 25 : No. 287 , Article 1. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/researchbulletin/vol25/iss287/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa Agricultural and Home Economics Experiment Station Publications at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Bulletin (Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station) by an authorized editor of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. May, 1941 Research Bulletin 287 Pythjum GramjnjcoJa Subr. on Barley By WEN-CHUN Ho, C. H. MEREDITH and 1. E. MELHUS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION IOWA STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS BOTANY AND PLANT PATHOLOGY SECTION AMES, IOWA CONTENTS Page Summary 289 Pertinent literature . .. 291 Syn1ptoms ........................................... 294 Causal agent ......................................... 296 Growth and sporulation of the pathogen on steamed car- rots and hemp seeds. .. 298 Homothallism in Pythium graminicola. .. 299 Effect of temperature and soil reaction on the development of Pythium graminicola Subr.. .. 300 Pathogenicity of Pythium graminicola Subr. on barley ....... 303 Penetration ...................................... 303 Effect of temperature on pathogenicity. -
EOAR-Raport Tech-Bibliothèque
Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence Marine EEEcosystemEcosystem OOOverviewOverview and AAAssessmentAssessment RRReportReport R. Dufour and P. Ouellet (editors) Science Branch Department of Fisheries and Oceans Maurice–Lamontagne Institut 850, route de la Mer Mont–Joli (Québec) G5H 3Z4 2007 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2744E Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Technical reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which is not normally appropriate for primary literature. Technical reports are directed primarily toward a worldwide audience and have an international distribution. No restriction is placed on subject matter and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Technical reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in the data base Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts . Technical reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Numbers 1-456 in this series were issued as Technical Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 457-714 were issued as Department of the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Research and Development Directorate Technical Reports. Numbers 715-924 were issued as Department of Fisheries and Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Technical Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 925. Rapport technique canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports techniques contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techniques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui ne sont pas normalement appropriés pour la publication dans un journal scientifique.