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Slavische Literaturen Der Gegenwart Als Weltliteratur – Hybride Konstellationen

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Slavische Literaturen Der Gegenwart Als Weltliteratur – Hybride Konstellationen EDITED VOLUME SERIES Diana Hitzke, Miriam Finkelstein (Hg.) Slavische Literaturen der Gegenwart als Weltliteratur – Hybride Konstellationen innsbruck university press EDITED VOLUME SERIES innsbruck university press Diana Hitzke, Miriam Finkelstein (Hg.) Slavische Literaturen der Gegenwart als Weltliteratur – Hybride Konstellationen Diana Hitzke Institut für Slavistik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Miriam Finkelstein Institut für Slawistik, Universität Innsbruck Diese Publikation wurde mit finanzieller Unterstützung des Vizerektorats für Forschung der Universität Innsbruck gedruckt. © innsbruck university press, 2018 Universität Innsbruck 1. Auflage Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Umschlagbild: Proyecto Arte Urbana Crono Lisboa, Blu, http://www.arte-en-la-calle.com/2011/11/17/ crono-lisboa/, CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) Satz: Christian T. Flierl (Gießen) www.uibk.ac.at/iup ISBN 978-3-903187-02-3 INHALT Einleitung Slavische LiterATUREN DER Gegenwart ALS WELTLITERATUR – HYBRIDE Konstellationen 9 Diana HitzkE ContemporARY Slavic LiterATURES AS WORLD LiterATURE – Hybrid Constellations 29 Diana HitzkE & Miriam FinkELSTEIN WELTLITERATUR UND Übersetzung Fremdübersetzung – Selbstübersetzung – MehrsprACHIGKEIT ODER DAS VORDRINGEN TSCHECHISCHER Gegenwartsautor_innen IN DIE NICHTSLAVISCHE WELT 35 Anne Hultsch Übersetzungen ALS BeitrAG ZU EINEM TRANSNATIONALEN LITERARISCHEN Feld? Bosnische, KROATISCHE UND SERBISCHE GegenwartsprOSA AM DEUTSCHEN Buchmarkt (1991 BIS 2012) 63 Elena Messner Die Rolle DER RUSSISCHEN LiterATUR BEI DER Entstehung DER MODERNEN TATARISCHEN LiterATUR AM Beispiel Ghabdulla TUQAJS 93 GeorG Scholz Die Wiener LiterATURZEITSCHRIFT Keine Delikatessen WIRD ZUR Balkandelikatesse – Ein PrOJEKT MIT UNERWARTETEN HerAUSFORDERUNGEN 117 Angelika WELEBIL 5 Inhalt Die WELT UND DAS LITERARISCHE Feld Der POLNISCHE Aufstieg IN DIE WELTLITERatur: Stasiuk, Bator, MasłOWSKA 127 Rafał Pokrywka „Out OF NATION“. Konstruktionen DES (post)jugoslawischen LITERARISCHEN Feldes BEI DubrAVKA UgrEšić 147 Svjetlan LackO Vidulić D. A. PrigoVS Poetik DER SelbsttrANSPOSITION UND SEIN Roman Renat I DrAKON 167 Philipp Kohl Migration, TRANSLINGUALES SchrEIBEN UND Hybridität Russisch-trANSLINGUALE GegenwartsliterATUR ALS WELTLITERATUR 189 Miriam FinkELSTEIN „ICH verstand, DASS ICH [. ] IN JEDER SprACHE DIESER WELT EINE Stimme HATTE“ – Stimme, Körper UND SprACHE BEI Marica BodrOžić 215 IGA NoWICZ Humor ALS Bindeglied ZWISCHEN DEN KulturEN – über DIE Funktion DER Komik IN Dimitré DineVS Ein Licht über DEM Kopf 237 Natalia Fuhry Autor_innen 249 6 Einleitung Diana HitzkE (Gießen) [email protected] Slavische LiterATUREN DER Gegenwart ALS WELTLITERATUR – HYBRIDE Konstellationen Viele Texte der slavischen Literaturen der Gegenwart beziehen sich nicht (mehr) auf nationale, monokulturelle und einsprachige Literaturtraditionen.1 Die Texte erregen sowohl textimmanent als auch in dem literarischen und kulturellen Feld, in dem sie sich bewegen und verorten, Irritationen und legen dadurch innovatives Potenzial frei. Sie stellen die Wissenschaften, die solche Texte untersuchen, vor eine Herausfor- derung. Die aktuellen literarischen Entwicklungen sind geprägt von Sprachwechsel und Mehrsprachigkeit sowie durch multipolare Sichtweisen auf die Kulturen der Welt. Damit sprengen sie die gesellschaftliche sowie die wissenschaftliche Fokussierung auf die Trias von Sprache, Literatur und Geschichte bzw. Kultur2. Mehrsprachigkeit und Bilingualität auf textueller Ebene, das Verknüpfen verschiedener kultureller und literarischer Traditionen und nicht zuletzt die internationale Rezeption und Zirkulation von Texten, machen eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Analysekategorie Weltliteratur notwenig. Bestehende Konzepte von Exil und Migration greifen hier zu kurz, da sie zumeist die Trennung von Sprachen, Kulturen und Nationen weiter- hin voraussetzen. Wie und mithilfe welcher Ansätze lässt sich über solche Texte sprechen? Wenngleich sich die literarischen Neuausrichtungen in der Slavia mit Blick auf die Welt, auf globale und transnationale Entwicklungen ereignen, ist die Forschung diesen Phänomenen bisher nur partiell nachgegangen. Die Tagung mit dem Titel „Slavische Literaturen der Gegenwart als Weltliteratur – hybride Konstellationen“, die vom 12.–14. November 2014 an der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen stattfand, setzte 1 Solche Phänomene ZEIGEN SICH natürlich AUCH IN ANDEREN LiterATURen, DER VORLIEGENDE Band FOKUSSIERT ABER TEXTE MIT SLAVISCHEN Bezügen, UM EINEN Ausschnitt, EINE VON VIELEN möglichen HYBRIDEN Konstel- LATIONEN GENAUER ZU beleuchten. 2 Vgl. DAZU Damrosch, David: What IS WORLD LiterATURe? Princeton 2003; Ette, Ottmar: ÜberLebenswis- sen. Die Aufgabe DER Philologie. Berlin 2004; Thomsen, Mads Rosendahl: Mapping WORLD LiterATURe. INTERNATIONAL Canonization AND TRANSNATIONAL LiterATURes. London/NeW YORK 2010 [2008]. 9 Diana Hitzke sich zum Ziel, die genannten Phänomene zu fokussieren und aus der Perspektive unterschiedlicher Philologien zu diskutieren, dabei ergab sich eine Zusammenarbeit von Slavist_innen und Germanist_innen. Grundlegend relevant für die Betrachtung von slavischen Literaturen der Gegen- wart als Weltliteratur sind zunächst die vielfältigen internationalen Untersuchungen zum Forschungsfeld Literatur und Migration.3 Die Germanistik hat sich – vor allem unter dem Stichwort „Turkish Turn“ – mit diesem Thema auseinandergesetzt.4 Die Slavistik, die sich durchaus mit den beschriebenen Phänomenen beschäf- tigt, hat sich solchen Texten bisher vor allem mit der Perspektive von Exil und Migration genähert.5 Untersuchungen zu globalen literarischen Konstellationen finden sich im deutschsprachigen Bereich vor allem in der Komparatistik bzw. 3 INTERNATIONAL SIND EXEMPLARISCH ZU nennen: Bhabha, Homi K.: The Location OF Culture. London/NeW YORK 2008; Azade, Seyhan: WRITING OUTSIDE THE Nation. Princeton 2001; ISRael, Nico: Outlandish. Writ- ING BETWEEN Exile AND Diaspora. StanforD 2000; CliffORd, James: Routes. TRAVEL AND TRANSLATION IN THE Late TWENTIETH Century. Cambridge (Mass.) 1997; Chambers, Iain: MigrANCY, Culture, IDENTITY. NeW YORK 1994. 4 Die ErkENNTNISSE AUS DEN GERMANISTISCHEN Forschungen MIT Fokus AUF DIE deutsch-türkische LiterATUR (vgl. Arnold, Heinz Ludwig [Hrsg.]: LiterATUR UND Migration. Edition TEXT & Kritik. Zeitschrift für Literatur. Sonderband, GastrEDAktion: Julia Abel, HansjörG Bay, AndrEAS Blödorn u. Christof Hamann. München 2006; Ezli, Özkan, DorOTHEE Kimmich u. Annette WERBERGER [Hrsg.]: Wider DEN Kulturenzwang. Migra- tion, KulturALISIERUNG UND WELTLITERatur. Bielefeld 2009) SIND TEILWEISE AUCH AUF DIE NACH DEM ODER ZEITGLEICH MIT DEM „TURKISH TURN“ (vgl. Adelson, Leslie A.: The TURKISH TURN IN ContemporARY German LiterATURe. NeW YORK u. a. 2005) ENTSTANDENEN UND REZIPIERTEN slavisch-deutschen TEXTE anwendbar. Vgl. DAZU VOR allem: Haines, Brigid: INTRoduction: The Eastern EurOPEAN TURN IN ContemporARY German- Language LiterATURe. In: German Life AND Letters 68/2 (2015), S. 145–153; Haines, Brigid: The Eastern TURN IN ContemporARY German, Swiss AND Austrian LiterATURe. In: Debatte: Journal OF ContEMPORARY CentrAL AND Eastern EurOPE 16/2 (2008), S. 135–149. YASEMIN Yildiz führt DEN Begriff DES Postmono- LINGUALEN – MIT Bezügen AUF Kafka, Adorno, Tawada, Özdamar UND Zaimoglu – ein, vgl. Yildiz, Yasemin: BeYOND THE Mother Tongue: The Postmonolingual Condition. NeW YORK 2012. 5 Vgl. ZUR RUSSISCHEN Literatur: Hausbacher, Eva u. LyuboV BugaeVA (Hrsg.): Ent-Grenzen. INTELLEKTUELLE EmigrATION IN DER RUSSISCHEN Kultur DES 20. Jahrhunderts. Frankfurt/M. 2006; Hausbacher, Eva: Poetik DER Migration. TRANSNATIONALE SchrEIBWEISEN IN DER zeitgenössischen RUSSISCHEN Literatur. Tübingen 2009; Wanner, Adrian: Out OF Russia. Fictions OF A NEW TRANSLINGUAL Diaspora. Evanston, Ill. 2011. Zu POSTJUGOSLAWISCHEN SchrEIBweisen: Blažan, Sladja: American Fictionary: PostsoZIALISTISCHE MiGRATION IN DER AMERIKANISCHEN Literatur. HeidelberG 2006; Beganović, Davor: Od PERIFERIJE KA CENTRU I NATRag. Nomadizam U PROZI AleksandrA Hemona I SašE Stanišića. In: SarAJEVSKE SveskE 3 (2009), S. 127–155; Matthes, FrAUKE u. David Williams: Displacement, Self-(Re)Construction, AND WRITING THE Bosnian War: Aleksandar Hemon AND SašA Stanišić. In: ComparATIVE Critical Studies 10 (2013), S. 27–45; Hitzke, Dia- na: Nomadisches SchrEIBEN NACH DEM Zerfall Jugoslawiens. David Albahari, BorA Ćosić UND DubrAVKA UgrEšić. IN DER Reihe: Slavische LiterATURen. TEXTE UND Abhandlungen. Hrsg. V. WOLF Schmid. FrANKFURT a. M. u. a. 2014. Allgemeiner ZU SLAVISCHER LiterATUR UND Migration, vgl. Uffelmann, Dirk: ParADOXE DER jüngsten NICHTSLAVISCHEN LiterATUR SLAVISCHER Migranten. In: Ost-West-PrOBLEMATIK IN DEN EURopäischen KulturEN UND LiterATURen. Ausgewählte Aspekte. Hrsg. V. Helena UlbrECHTOvá UND Siegfried Ulbrecht. DrESDEN 2009, S. 601–630. 10 Slavische Literaturen der Gegenwart als Weltliteratur – hybride Konstellationen Allgemeinen und Vergleichenden Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft. Neben breit angelegten Analysen globaler Konstellationen6, gibt es auch fokussierte Ausein- andersetzungen mit Mehrsprachigkeit und Translingualität.7 Textbeispiele aus dem slavischen Bereich sind darin zwar enthalten, bilden aber – dem Umstand geschuldet, dass die Bände komparatistisch angelegt sind – nicht den Schwer- punkt.8 Die 2014 an der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen stattgefundene Tagung hatte zum Ziel, den Begriff der Weltliteratur in seiner neueren Konturierung explizit auf die slavischen Literaturen der Gegenwart anzuwenden, dabei jedoch nicht nur Slavist_innen
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