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The Customs House for Adaptive Reuse

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The Customs House for Adaptive Reuse PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE EXISTING CONDITIONS OF THE CUSTOMS HOUSE FOR ADAPTIVE REUSE กั หอสม ุดกล ำน าง ส By Alisa Dechar A Research Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2005 ISBN 974-11-6487-4 K 47056301 : MAJOR : ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM KEYWORD : 19th CENTURY CUSTOMS HOUSE, EXISTING DECAY CONDITIONS, CAUSES OF DECAY, RESTORATION AND CONSERVATION, ADAPTIVE REUSE. ALISA DECHAR : PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE EXISTING CONDITIONS OF THE CUSTOMS HOUSE FOR ADAPTIVE REUSE.RESEARCH PROJECT ADVISOR : ASST.PROF. PIBUL JINAWATH, Ph.D., 187 pp. ISBN 974-11-6487-4 หอสมุดก กั ล th This researchำ projectน deals with the study theา 19ง Century Customs House ส which soon will to be a part of the Aman Resort Bangkok, the project of the Natural Park Public Company Limited. The Customs House is one of the significant buildings that were built in the Western Style during the reign of King Rama V (1873-1910 A.D.) The conditions of the building complex is surveyed and found to be in severity that urgently requires the restoration for the new function. The scope of this research project includes the significance of the Customs House, the physical conditions of the buildings with in the whole complex and to propose the intervention of restoration as well as the adaptive reuse. Details included in this research are the history, significance, present trend of adaptive reuse, style of architecture, existing conditions and intervention of restoration. The methodology of the research is based on the historical documentary, physical evidences and interview of occupants. Conclusions and suggestions for the future research are also included. This research focuses on the retaining of architectural fabric and significance of the Customs House. International Program in Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism, Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2005 Student’s signature …………………………………. Research Project Advisor’s signature 1. .………….……………………………. c Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to thank my grandparents, Viroj and Jitmalai Dechar, who always understand and give me a lot of love, care and supports. And I would also like to thank my father, Vicha Dechar, for his kindness, care and delicious meals, as well as my mother, Prenee Sivarak, for her attention and all support. The research project could not be successful without my advisor, Assistant Professor Dr. Pibul Jinawath who alwaysสม gives me lots of knowledge, excellent suggestions and his patienceนกั forห payingอ attentiุดonก toล allา of งmy work, and also Ajarn Dr. Kwanchai Roachanakananสำ for his kindness and the great information in this research. Moreover, I would like to thank the Treasury Department and the present inhabitants at the Customs House for their cooperation. I would like to thank my brother, Shubhajok Jumsai Na Ayudhya who spends his time assisting and encouraging me. Also, I want to thank Punyawee Torsuwan who gives me happiness and wonderful music. I also want to thank Woranan Sowannee, Thamonrasmi Rodjanathum , Puttanwalai Tanthawee who give me knowledge, suggestions and cheer. I have Kreangkrai Kirdsiri to thank for dealing with the faculty. Nantawan Muangyai , Vilailux Jaikwang who spend their time reading and checking my work. Isaree Baedcharoen, Glos Sawangwan, Tanwutta Thaisuntad ;I want to express my thanks to all of you for being my lovely friends. I want to thank “Rong Num Cha”, a coffee shop which brings me a lot of joy, happiness and knowledge from the architects, especially Sonthad Srisang for his kindness and tasty drinks, Veerapol Singnoi, Varong Kittisatit for their suggestions, Pathinya Sitidprasert for his kindness and joy, and all of my lovely friends there. Finally, I would like to thank Professor Silpa Bhirasri who inspired me to appreciate the wonderful world. d Table of Contents Chapter Page 1 Introduction………………………………………….....................................................1 Statement of Significance…………………………………………………………….2 The project of the Natural Park Public Company Limited…………………………3 Objectives………………………………………………………………………………6หอสมุดก Scope of the study…………………………………………………………………….6ำนกั ลาง Process ofส the study…………………………………………………………………..6 Study Boundary………………………………………………………………………..7 Key Concept…………………………………………………………………………..10 Definitions of Terms…………………………...……………………………………...10 2 Case studies……………………………………………………………………………...12 Present Trend of Adaptive Reuse of Historical Buildings……………………….........12 Parusakawan Palace……………………………………………………………13 Bangkhumbrom Palace………………………….......................................... 14 Ladavalya Palace…………………………………………………………….....16 3 Site Analysis……………………………………………………………………………..19 Location……………………………………………………………………………….19 Accessibility………………………………………………………………………......20 History of the Customs House……………………………………………………...23 Description of the building……………………………………………………..…...26 Style of Architecture………………………………………………………………….31 Stakeholders……………………………………………………………………….....36 Statement of Significance……………………………………………….…………..36 e Chapter Page Historical Values Architectural Value Aesthetic Value 4 Existing Conditions………………………………………………………..…….....40 Decay and Damage Report Building A…………………………………………………………………..….41 Building B……………ห…………………………………………………..........93อสมุดกล Building C……………ำนกั ………………………………………………….........110าง Causes สof Decay…………………………………………………….…….…133 5 Intervention of Restoration………………………………………………………...140 Definitions of Terms and Regulations…………………………………..……..140 Site Analysis………………………………………………………………….…..146 Intervention of restoration……………………………………………………....157 Surroundings Buildings 6 Conclusions and Suggestions…………………………………………………....164 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….166 Appendix Appendix A : Guidelines for Adaptive Reuse …………………...…………170 Appendix B : Biography of Mr.Joachim Grassi……………………………..178 Appendix C : Map and Plan of the Customs House………………..……...182 Appendix D : Old pictures of the Customs House and other places took in 19th Century…………………………………....…….185 Autobiography……………………………………………………………………..…...187 f Table of Figures Figure Page 1 The Aman Resort Bangkok’s proposal………………………………………….5 2 The boundary of the research ………………………………………………..…7 3 Location of the Customs House ………………………………………..………8 4 The Customs House ; the welcoming of King Rama V returning from first visit to Europe in ห1897AD…………………………..………..……….9อสมุดก 5 The Customs Houseำน in กั2006 AD….……………………………………………..9ลาง 6 The ancient pictureส of Parusakawan Palace………………………………......14 7 The existing condition of Parusakawan Palace after the restoration…………………………..........................14 8 Bangkhunbhrom Palace………………………………………………………....15 9 The existing condition of Bangkhunbhrom Palace……………………….......15 10 Museum of the Thai National Bank, the ancient money room…………………………………………………..15 11 Podduang room in the National Bank museum……………………….….....15 12 Ladavalya Palace………………………………………………….……………16 13 Location of the Customs House……………………………………………….21 14 Zoom-in location of the Customs House……………………………………..22 15 Historical Timeline of Siam and Customs House…………………………....25 16 The layout and the study boundary………………………………………..…26 17 The former functions in early time of the establishment of the Customs House, 1893……………………………………………..29 18 The former functions in early time of the establishment of the Customs House, 1893……………………………………………..30 19 The Neo-Classical buildings…………………………………….……………..31 20 Long building at Suan Kularb College………………………………………..32 g Figure Page 21 The barrack ( Ministry of Defence)……………………………………………32 22 Buraphaphirom Palace, designed by Joachim Grassi………………….….32 23 The Customs House…………………………………………………………….32 24 The façade of the main building……………………………………………....34 25 Grand staircase made of teak wood…………………………………….……34 26 The arch windows with the fanlight above……………………………..….....34 27 Façade of building B………………………….……………หอสมุดกล ………………......35 28 The fretwork ventilationำนกั at building C………………………..………………..35าง 29 Door panel atส building C………………………..………………………….…..35 30 A ship nearby the Customs House (no date)…………………………….…..37 31 Layout of the buildings………………………………………………………….40 32 The main building…………………………………………………………….....41 33 The ground floor of the main building………………………………..……….42 34 The peeling off of the wall plaster.………………………………………........42 35 The back side of the main building…………………………………….……..43 36 Bodhi tree growth at the roof………………………………………..………...43 37 Tree at the corner of the building…………………………………..…..........43 38 The condition of the wall……………………………………………….….......44 39 The condition of the wall at the eastern side………………………….........45 40 Building A; show the stain that occurred from dampness and biological attack on the wall……………………………………..…46 41 Weed at the building A………………………………………………….…….47 42 Existing condition of Building A, show the damage of wall………………………………………………....48 43 The grand staircase……………………………………………………..….....49 44 Left wing staircase………………………………………………..……..........50 45 First Floor Plan………………………………………………………………....51 46 Doorframe at the main entrance of the first storey…………………………52 h Figure Page 47 The existing condition of doorframe at the first storey; the arch door had been disappeared……………………………….52 48 The condition of the central main hall at the first floor.............................52 49 The existing condition of the central main hall………………………........53 50 Second Floor
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