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Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and Implementation Plan for the Zambezi River Basin Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and Implementation Plan for the Zambezi River Basin SADC-WD/ Zambezi River Authority SIDA/ DANIDA, Norwegian Embassy Lusaka April 2008 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and Implementation Plan for the Zambezi River Basin SADC-WD/ Zambezi River Authority SIDA/ DANIDA, Norwegian Embassy Lusaka April 2008 Euroconsult Mott MacDonald INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN Preface In 1987, the then Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADCC), which is now the Southern African Development Community (SADC), adopted the Zambezi River Action Plan (ZACPLAN). The objective of ZACPLAN is to achieve environmentally sound planning and management of water and related sources in the Zambezi River Basin. The Zambezi Action Plan Project 6, Phase II (ZACPRO 6.2) project was designed upon the vision that the eight riparian states, namely Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania Zambia and Zimbabwe will achieve a higher and sustainable socio-economic development for all, through equitable and sustainable utilization of the shared water resources of the Zambezi River Basin. One of the main focuses of the project is the development of an Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy. The key actors in the Zambezi River Basin are the eight “Equitable and riparian states, the SADC Water Division, the Zambezi River sustainable utilization of Authority (ZRA) and the ARA-Zambeze. For ZACPRO 6.2 the water for social and eight riparian states own the process and it is coordinated on environmental justice, their behalf by the SADC Water Division and implemented regional integration and through the ZRA. A Project Implementation Unit (PIU) based at economic benefit for the ZRA head office in Lusaka has direct responsibility for present and future shaping and guiding the process. generations.” Southern Africa Vision A Project Steering Committee (PSC) responsible for the for Water, life and the monitoring and supervision of the Project was established. It Environment in the 21st comprises the national contact persons in each riparian country century nominated by and representing that country and representatives of SADC WD, ZRA and the cooperating partners who are funding the Project. The co-operating partners are the Nordic countries through their development agencies DANIDA, NORAD and Sida. The management of the Project is coordinated through a Joint Project Management Committee (JPMC) which comprises of ZRA, SADC WD and the PIU. The JPMC is chaired by the Chief Executive of ZRA, Sida sits as observer. This Integrated Water Resources Management Strategy and Implementation Plan for the Zambezi River Basin is the main end product of this project and is complemented by the internet-based Zambezi Water Information System ZAMWIS. The Consultants like to express their appreciation of the pleasant cooperation with ZRA, the PIU, the country representatives and the national teams. In particular they like to mention Dr. Mike Tumbare, Chief Executive of ZRA, who on many occasions guided and supported the consultancy team with his vast knowledge and experience of the Zambezi Basin and its development. The stakeholder consultation processes surrounding the IWRM Strategy heavily relied on the support of Dr. Zeb Phiri, Dr. Jefter Sakupwanya and Ms. Leonissah Munjoma of the PIU. Euroconsult Mott MacDonald i INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN Strategy Overview Overall Equitable sustainable utilisation of water for social and environmental justice, regional integration and economic benefit for present and future generations Objective Challenge Integrated and Coordinated Water Resources Environmental Management and Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Variability and Climate Basin-wide Cooperation and Integration (4) Development and Management (1) Development (2) Change (3) Strategic Develop and manage water resources so as Mainstream environment in the development Adapt water resources management to Operationalize the institutional frameworks in Objective to serve social and economic development in and management of water resources in the current and future climate variability and support of basin-wide water resources the Basin Basin change development and management Inadequate water infrastructure for Inadequate protection and sustainable Extreme variability and uneven Absence of a river basin organisation for achieving regional energy security (1.1) development and use of wetland (2.1) distribution of rainfall is likely to be the whole Zambezi Basin (Zambezi Insufficient water infrastructure for Deterioration of water quality due to amplified by climate change (3.1) River Basin Organisation not yet agricultural development to achieve point pollution from mining, industrial Lack of integrated flood management in established and operational) (4.1) regional food security (1.2) and urban centres (2.2) development planning (3.2) Weak capacity of national water Major dams in the Basin were Proliferation of invasive aquatic weeds Poor drought management and management institutions to perform river constructed for a single purpose and (2.3) integration in development planning basin management tasks (4.2) their operation is not optimised for Unsustainable and low-productivity (3.3) Inadequate water resources knowledge multiple uses (1.3) fisheries management (2.4) Inadequate coping mechanisms for base for Basin-wide development and management (4.3) ISSUES Inadequate financing of water Tourism development is threatened by climate change (3.4) resources development and degradation of the aquatic environment Inadequate effective stakeholder management (1.4) (2.5) participation in water resources Low access to Water Supply and planning, development and High-value and unique eco-systems and management (4.4) Sanitation (1.5) related ecological and economic functions in the Basin may be threatened and fragmented by accelerated development (2.6) Address the high demand for new water Adequately manage the ecological and Improve the knowledge base on climate Operationalise the institutional infrastructure to meet regional energy economic functions of wetlands and variability and climate change and their frameworks in support of basin-wide security (1.1) sustain their viability (2.1) impacts on water resources (3.1) water resources development and Address the demand for water in Control water pollution from point Improve flood management and management and discuss issues of agricultural development and regional sources – especially from urban centres mitigation mechanisms at national and inter-basin transfer (4.1) food security (1.2) and mining areas (2.2) regional scale (3.2) Strengthen organisational, financial and Improve operation of existing and new Control invasive aquatic weeds and Improve regional and national drought human resource capacities of water major dams in the Basin to take into prevent new outbreaks (2.3) management (3.3) management institutions at regional, national and local levels (4.2) account and optimise multiple functions Promote sustainable fishery Develop regional capacity to adapt to of water (1.3) management as a contribution to climate change and make use of the Improve and expand Basin-wide water development opportunities associated resources data collection, processing Increase funding for water resources regional food security (2.4) STRATEGIES and information transfer systems (4.3) development and management (1.4) Ensure water resource development and with global climate change mitigation Improve access to sustainable Water management does not harm tourism (3.4) Promote broad-based stakeholder Supply and Sanitation (1.5) potential (2.5) participation in water resources development and management (4.4) Prepare and implement strategic environmental plans and procedures including the development of area networks (2.6) Euroconsult Mott MacDonald iii INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR THE ZAMBEZI RIVER BASIN Overall Equitable sustainable utilisation of water for social and environmental justice, regional integration and economic benefit for present and future generations Objective Challenge Integrated and Coordinated Water Resources Environmental Management and Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Variability and Climate Basin-wide Cooperation and Integration (4) Development and Management (1) Development (2) Change (3) Strategic Develop and manage water resources so as Mainstream environment in the development Adapt water resources management to Operationalize the institutional frameworks in Objective to serve social and economic development in and management of water resources in the current and future climate variability and support of basin-wide water resources the Basin Basin change development and management (1.1) (2.1) (3.1) (4.1) Joint development of feasible package Improve the wetland related regulation Carry out comprehensive assessment Encourage signing and ratification of the of major hydropower sites, taking into and management between riparian of the vulnerability of basin water ZAMCOM Agreement and establish and account multiple functions in countries resources to climate variability and operationalise ZAMCOM – through coordination
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