DOCSLIB.ORG

The Food and Nutrition Policy and Plan of Action for Belize

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Food and Nutrition Policy and Plan of Action for Belize THE FOOD AND NUTRITION POLICY AND PLAN OF ACTION FOR BELIZE Belmopan February 2010 The Food and Nutrition Policy and Plan of Action for Belize Prepared by The Food and Nutrition Security Commission of the Government of Belize With technical support from Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the Pan American Health Organisation Belmopan February 2010 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE GLOSSARY … … … … … … … … … v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY … … … … … … … vi 1. INTRODUCTION … … … … … … 1 1.2 Demographic Characteristics … … …… … 3 1.3 The Political Context … … … … … 6 1.4 The Economy … … … … … 8 1.5 Food and Nutrition Policy Imperative … … … 12 2. NUTRITION AND HEALTH STATUS … … … ... 13 2.1 General Health Conditions … … … … … 14 2.2 Children Under Five Years … … … … … 24 2.3 Children Five Years and Over … … … … 26 2.4 Pregnant and Lactating Women … … … … 28 2.5 Adults and the Elderly … … … … … 29 2.6 Patterns and Levels of Physical Activity … … … 32 3. EDUCATION STATUS … … … … … … 34 3.1 Formal Education … … … … … … 35 3.2 Community Education / Health Promotion … … 37 4. FOOD AVAILABILITY, HOUSEHOLD ACCESS, AND SAFETY … … … … … … … 39 4.1 Food Production … … … … … … 40 4.2 Food Availability … … … … … … 40 4.3 Food Manufacturing and Processing … … … 40 4.4 Household Food Accessibility … … … … 40 4.5 Food Quality and Safety … … … ... .... 40 5. REVIEW OF EXISTING POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES AFFECTING FOOD AND NUTRITION … 44 5.1 Macroeconomic Policies and Programmes … … 45 5.2 Trade Policies and Programmes … … … … 45 i 5.3 Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Policies and Programmes…… 45 5.4 Health Policies and Programmes … … … … 45 5.5 Social Development Policies and Programmes … … 49 5.6 Education Policies and Programmes … … … 49 5.7 Policies and Programmes of Non-Governmental and other Agencies … … … … … … 49 6. SUMMARY OF PROBLEMS TO BE ADDRESSED … … 50 7. PROPOSED POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES … … … 56 7.1 Information, Education and Communication on Food Production, Preparation, and Nutrition … 58 7.2 Diversified Food Production, Food Processing, Marketing, Storage and Credit Mobilization … 60 7.3 Maternal and Child Care, School Feeding and Caring for the Socio-economically deprived and Nutritionally vulnerable … … … … 60 7.4 Creation of Employment and Income Generating Opportunities at the Local level … … … 61 7.5 Food Safety … … … … … … 62 7.6 Analysis and Reform of National Policies for Food and Nutrition … … … … … … 63 8. PLAN OF ACTION … … … … … … … 67 8.1 Goal … … … … … … … … 68 8.2 Projects and Action Plan ... … … … … 68 9. IMPLEMENTATION AND CO-ORDINATION … … 87 9.1 Responsibilities … … … … … … 89 9.2 Composition and Organizational Structure and Relationship with Government … … … … 90 ii LIST OF TABLES 1. Table 1: Belize Mid-year Population by Age-group and Sex – 2009 Table 1.1: Belize Mid-year Population by Age-group and Sex – 2009 2. Table 2: Structure of Belize Economy and Sectoral Change, 1980- 2005 3. Table 3: Morbidity and Mortality 2008 4. Table 4: Distribution of Underweight Children 0-4 years (Low Birth) Weight by Age) by District (2002 LSMS) 5. Table 5: Distribution of Children 0-4 years with STUNTING (Low Height for Age) by District (2002 LSMS) 6. Table 6: Distribution of Children 0-4 years with WASTING by District (2002 LSMS) 7. Table 7: Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthes infections by age and sex 8. Table 8: Prevalence of Anaemia among Pregnant Women LIST OF FIGURES 1. Figure 1: Real GDP Growth in Belize and the Caribbean, 1996- 2006 2. Figure 2: Hospitalization of Diabetes by Age Group 3. Figure 3: Hospitalization of Diabetes by Sex 4. Figure 4: Hospitalization of Hypertension by Age Group 5. Figure 5: Hospitalization of Hypertension by Age Group 6. Figure 6: Percentage of Children with Stunting, wasting, and Overweight by Quintile Consumption (LSMS, Belize 2002) 7. Figure 7: Percentage of Children with Stunting, wasting, and Overweight in Rural and Urban Areas (LSMS, Belize 2002) 8. Figure 8: Prevalence of Anaemia (Hb<11mmg/dl) among Pregnant Women in Belize 9. Figure 9: Total Number of Food Borne Diseases in Belize 2004-2009 10. Figure 10: Food Borne Disease Cases by District, Belize 2004-2009 11. Figure 11: Food Borne Disease Cases by Age Group, Belize 2004-2009 iii GLOSSARY AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome BAHA – Belize Agricultural Health Authority BHIS - Belize Health Information System BZ$ - Belizean dollar CAMDI - Central American Diabetes Initiative CARICOM – Caribbean Community CFNI - Caribbean Food and Nutrition Institute CHW - Community Health worker CNCDs - Chronic Non-communicable Diseases EU - European Union FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization FBD – Food Borne Diseases FNS – Food and Nutrition Security GDP – Gross Domestic Product H/A – Height for Age Hb - Haemoglobin HECOPAB – Health Education and Community Participation Bureau HFLE - Health and Family Life Education HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus IICA – Inter American Institute for Corporation on Agriculture IMF - International Monetary Fund IMR - Infant Mortality Rate INCAP - Institute of Nutrition for Central America and Panama IU - International Units LBW - Low Birth Weight LSMS - Living Standards Measurement Survey MAF – Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries MDGs - Millennium Development Goals MICS - Belize Multi Cluster Survey MoH – Ministry of Health iv NCDs - Non-Communicable Nutrition-related Diseases NEMO – National Emergency Management Organization NFNSC – National Food and Nutrition Security Commission NGO – Non Governmental Organization NHDAC - NHI – National Health Insurance NPAN - National Plan of Action on Nutrition OIRSA – International Regional Organization for Animal Health PAHO – Pan American Health Organization PE - Physical Education PLWHA – Persons Living with HIV/AIDS QADS - Quality Assurance and Development Services REAP – Rural Education and Agricultural Project SIB - Statistical Institute of Belize SPS – Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards TCC – Technical Cooperation among Countries UNICEF – United Nations Children Fund US$ - United States of America dollar VAT - Value-Added Tax W/A – Weight for Age W/H – Weight for Height WHO – World Health Organization WTO – World Trade Organization v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Purpose This Document entitled 'The Food and Nutrition Security Policy and Plan of Action for Belize 2010 - 2015' is intended to serve as a framework for policy decisions by the Government of Belize and for the implementation of programmes to ensure food and nutrition security for all Belizeans. Background In February 2001, the Government of Belize ratified a Food and Nutrition Security Policy for Belize which outlined key strategies to ensure the sustainable supply, accessibility, and use of safe, high quality, nutritious, diversified, and culturally- accepted foods for all Belizeans to improve their well-being and quality of life. From this plan a five year National Plan of Action on Nutrition (NPAN) (2005- 2010) was developed. In November 2009 the Government of Belize requested that the policy be revised and the NPAN subsequently updated. The present document is the result of that request. Physical Description of Belize Belize is on the Caribbean coast of Central America, bordered on the north and part of the west by Mexico and on the south and remainder of the west by Guatemala, with a total area of 22,966 square kilometres including mainland and cayes and 22,806 square kilometres mainland. Arable and permanent cropland total some 89,000 hectares. Much of the remainder is marsh, mangrove swamp, and steep hilly areas. The arable and cultivated area is capable of supplying the local market and producing a surplus, especially in grains, for export. Political Description Belize is a sovereign democratic state, the former British Crown Colony of British Honduras. Belize gained independence from Great Britain on 21 September 1981, and has a parliamentary system of government modeled on the Westminster system. There are six administrative districts: Belize, Cayo, Corozal, vii Orange Walk, Stann Creek, and Toledo. The former capital, Belize City, remains the commercial centre of the country. A new capital city, Belmopan, was chartered in 1970. Population and Poverty The following information comes from the Belize Country Poverty Assessment Draft Final Report compiled in November, 2009: Total Population 330,715 Prevalence of Poverty by Household Indigent - 8,539 that is 10% of the total number of households Poor not Indigent 18,270 that is 22% of the total number of households All Poor 26,809 33% of the total number of households Prevalence of Poverty by Population Indigent - 52,185 that is 16% of the total population Poor not Indigent 90,678 that is 27% of the total population All Poor 142,861 that is 43% of the total population In its summary of the change in poverty since the last Poverty Assessment in 2002, the 2009 Draft final report has this to say: 'Poverty has increased substantially in Belize since the previous CPA was carried out in 2002. Household poverty has increased from 25% to 33% and individual poverty from 34% to 43%. Indigence or severe poverty has also increased from 8% to 10% (households) and 11% to 16% (population). Poverty and indigence have increased in all districts except Toledo where there has been a decrease, although it still remains the poorest district in the country with by far the highest level of indigence. The sharpest increase has been in Corozal which now has the second highest level of poverty after Toledo. Poverty
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Belize National Sustainable Development Report
    UNCSD – Belize National Sustainable Development Report Belize National Sustainable Development Report Ministry of Forestry, Fisheries, and Sustainable Development, Belize United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs (UNDESA) United Nations Development Program (UNDP) ____________________________________ INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANTS – www.idcbz.net Page | 1 UNCSD – Belize National Sustainable Development Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of Acronyms Acknowledgements 1.0. Belize Context……………………………………………………………………………………5 1.1 Geographical Location………………………………………………………………………5 1.2 Climate………………………………………………………………………………………..5 1.3 Hydrology……………………………………………………………………………………..6 1.4 Population…………………………………………………………………………………….6 1.5 Political Context……………………………………………………………………………...7 1.6 Economy……………………………………………………………………………………...7 2.0 Background and Approach………………………………………………………………………….7 3.0 Policy and Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development………………………………8 3.1 National Level………………………………………………………………………………..8 3.2 Multi-Lateral Agreements…………………………………………………………………...9 4.0 Progress to Date in Sustainable Development…………………………………………………..10 5.0 Challenges to Sustainable Development…………………………………………………………23 5.1 Environmental and Social Vulnerabilities………………………………………………..23 5.2 Natural Disasters…………………………………………………………………………...23 5.3 Climate Change…………………………………………………………………………….23 5.4 Economic Vulnerability…………………………………………………………………….24 5.5 Policy and Institutional Challenges……………………………………………………….24 6.0 Opportunities for Sustainable Development……………………………………………………..26
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary – March 5 2020
    BELIZE No. HR35/1/12 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, 5 th March 2020 10:00 AM ­*­ ­*­ ­*­ S U P P L E M E N T A R Y (1) ORDERS OF THE DAY 6. Papers. No. HR247/1/12 ­ The Nineteenth Annual Report of the Ombudsman of Belize for the Year Ending 2019. No. HR248/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Corozal to Sarteneja Road Upgrading Contract No. 183. No. HR249/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Sixth Road (Coastal Highway Upgrading) Project ­ Lots 1 and 2 Consultancy Services for Engineering Supervision Phase 2 (Two) Construction and Post Construction Services Contract No. 202. No. HR250/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Sixth Road (Coastal Highway Upgrading) Project ­ Lot 1 (One) (La Democracia to Soldier Creek Bridge) Contract No. 203. No. HR251/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Sixth Road (Coastal Highway Upgrading) Project ­ Lot 2 (Two) (Soldier Creek Bridge to Coastal Highway/ Hummingbird Highway Junction) Contract No. 204. No. HR252/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Caracol Road Upgrading Project ­ Lot1a (Santa Elena To Tripartite Junction and Georgeville to Tripartite Junction) Contract No. 205. No. HR253/1/12 ­ Ministry of Works – Caracol Road Upgrading Project ­ Lot1b (Tripartite Junction to Blancaneaux Lodge Line) Contract No. 206. 2 12. Introduction of Bills. 1. General Revenue Appropriation (2020/2021) Bill, 2020. Bill for an Act to appropriate certain sums of money for the use of the Public Service of Belize for the financial year ending March 31, 2021. 2. Government Contracts (Validation) Bill, 2020. Bill for an Act to validate the omission by the Minister to lay government contracts on the table of both Houses of the National Assembly for examination by each House of the National Assembly, in accordance with section 19(6) of Finance and Audit (Reform) Act, Chapter 15 of the Substantive Laws of Belize, Revised Edition 2011; and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
    [Show full text]
  • Private Lands Conservation in Belize
    University of Colorado Law School Colorado Law Scholarly Commons Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Books, Reports, and Studies Resources, Energy, and the Environment 2004 Private Lands Conservation in Belize Joan Marsan University of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.law.colorado.edu/books_reports_studies Part of the Dispute Resolution and Arbitration Commons, Environmental Law Commons, Environmental Policy Commons, Estates and Trusts Commons, Land Use Law Commons, Legislation Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons, Natural Resources Law Commons, Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Property Law and Real Estate Commons, and the Tax Law Commons Citation Information Joan Marsan, Private Lands Conservation In Belize (Natural Res. Law Ctr., Univ. of Colo. Sch. of Law 2004). JOAN MARSAN, PRIVATE LANDS CONSERVATION IN BELIZE (Natural Res. Law Ctr., Univ. of Colo. Sch. of Law 2004). Reproduced with permission of the Getches-Wilkinson Center for Natural Resources, Energy, and the Environment (formerly the Natural Resources Law Center) at the University of Colorado Law School. AVAILABLE ONLINE ====================; • •~ ~ ...... ~ ~ ~ .­~ PRIVATE LANDS CONSERVATION IN .~ BELIZE •_. -­~ • ~ ..­ A Country Report by the Natural Resources Law Center, ...... University of Colorado School of Law ~ 4 .­~ September 2004 ~ Sponsored by The Nature Conservancy Primary Author: Joan Marsan, NRLC Research Assistant KGA [email protected] 576 • M37 2004 Private Lands
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr
    UNITED NATIONS A General Assembly Distr. GENERAL A/HRC/WG.6/5/BLZ/1 18 February 2009 Original: ENGLISH HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review Fifth session Geneva, 4-15 May 2009 NATIONAL REPORT SUBMITTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH PARAGRAPH 15 (A) OF THE ANNEX TO HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL RESOLUTION 5/1 * Belize _________________________ * The present document was not edited before being sent to the United Nations translation services. GE.09- A/HRC/WG.6/5/BLZ/1 Page 2 I. INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY 1. Belize is firmly committed to the protection and promotion of human rights as evidenced by its Constitution, domestic legislation, adherence to international treaties and existing national agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). 2. Belizean culture, democratic history and legal tradition has infused in Belizean society and government a deep respect for those fundamental human rights articulated in Part II of the Belize Constitution. Such fundamental freedoms as the right to assembly, the right to free speech and the right to due process are vigilantly guarded by Belizeans themselves. 3. As a developing country Belize views development as inextricably bound to the fulfilment of human rights making the right to development a fundamental right itself as asserted by the Declaration on the Right to Development. Thus, the Government of Belize has consistently adopted a human rights based approach in development planning, social services and general policy formulation and execution. 4. Belize’s national report for the Universal Periodic Review has been prepared in accordance with the General Guidelines for the Preparation of Information under the Universal Periodic Review, decision 6/102, as circulated adopted by the Human Rights Council on 27 September 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Belize BELIZE
    Belize BELIZE In 2012, Belize made a moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. The Government enacted a new Trafficking in Persons law, which increases the penalties for offenders to up to 12 years’ imprisonment if the victim is a child. The Government also enacted the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Act, which provides all children under the age of 18 with protections from such criminal offenses. The Government, in collaboration with UNICEF, released the results of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), quantifying, among other social indicators, the prevalence of child labor within the country. It continues to implement the National Child Labor Policy and programs such as Building Opportunities for Our Social Transformation (BOOST) that focus on poverty alleviation and promote education. Despite these advancements, Belize has not formally adopted a list of hazardous occupations, and labor inspectors still lack the resources to enforce child labor laws adequately. Children in Belize continue to engage in the worst forms of child labor, including in dangerous activities within the agricultural sector and commercial sexual exploitation. Children in Belize are also victims of commercial sexual Statistics on Working Children and Education exploitation and forced prostitution.(3, 5, 10) Limited Children Age Percent evidence suggests that some poor families, in an effort to cover schooling and basic living expenses, push their daughters to Working 5-14 yrs. Unavailable provide sexual favors in exchange for gifts and money.(5) Child sex tourism is also a problem in Belize. Children are trafficked Attending School 5-14 yrs. Unavailable into the country for sexual exploitation.(3, 5, 10-12) Combining Work and School 7-14 yrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Belize's Report
    BELIZE Belize’s report On the Implementation of the Beijing platform for action (1995) And The outcome of the twenty-third special session of the general assembly (2000) PREPARED BY THE WOMEN’S DEPARTMENT Ministry of Human Development Government of Belize April 2004 Introduction The following report seeks to highlight major achievements and challenges as Belize, through its national mechanism for the advancement of women, along with its partners embarked on the implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action and the Beijing +5 outcomes document. In preparation for the Fourth World Conference on Women, the Women’s Department undertook to consult with men and women countrywide with regards to the twelve critical areas which now form part of the Beijing Platform for Action and the Beijing +5 Outcomes Document. Through these consultations, Belize identified five of the twelve critical areas as priority issues in the quest for EQUALITY, DEVELOPMENT AND PEACE. With the exception of the girl child, Belize, similar to other Caribbean countries, prioritized poverty and the economy, health, violence against women and power and decision- making. Education was the fifth critical area for Belize. Not withstanding the fact that the girl child was not on our priority, the National Committee for Families and Children has undertaken the task to address the issues of children’s rights including that of girls and young women. Participation in the Fourth World Conference, the development of a Strategic Plan and the Women’s Agenda (a policy document of the party which became government in 1998), gave the impetus for the implementation of many initiatives with regards to policy development and legislative changes that Belize has undertaken over the last decade.
    [Show full text]
  • CONSTITUTION of BELIZE CONSTITUTIONAL CHRONOLOGY by Albert J
    CONSTITUTION OF BELIZE CONSTITUTIONAL CHRONOLOGY by Albert J. Ysaguire 1978 On January 27, Premier Price rejected a proposed compromise with Guatemala whereby Belize would cede 300 square miles of mainland and 600 square miles of seabed in the south of Belize in return for Guatemala's recognition of Belize's Independence. A similar proposal by Britain for Belize to cede between 1000 an 2000 square miles of land and adjacent seabed was earlier rejected. Mr. Price announced on March 10 at a conference that Barbados, Guyana an Jamaica had agreed to take part in multilateral security arrangements that would defend the territorial integrity of an independent Belize. This agreement did not come into force since at the time Belize's Independence date could not be agreed upon. On May 18, the Gutemalan foreign minister, Señor Adolfo Molina Orantes said in a press interview that his government maintained its demand for a cession of territory by Belize. He insisted that the two governments set up a join military staff, consultations on Belize's external relations and economic integration into the Central American system. The British Permanent Representative at the U.N. announced on November 28 that a four- point proposal had been put to Guatemala to resolve the conflict with Belize. Development aid including help with construction of roads to facilitate Guatemala's access to the coast, free port in the Port of Belize and a revision of the seaward boundaries of the two countries to guarantee permanent access for Guatemala to the open sea. On December 7 the Guatemalan foreign minister, Señor Castillo Valdez announced that the British plan for the settlement of the dispute with Belize was unacceptable and that he would now deal directly with Belize.
    [Show full text]
  • Belize Constitution Act Chapter 4
    BELIZE BELIZE CONSTITUTION ACT CHAPTER 4 REVISED EDITION 2011 SHOWING THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS AS AT 31ST DECEMBER, 2011 This is a revised edition of the Substantive Laws, prepared by the Law Revision Commissioner under the authority of the Law Revision Act, Chapter 3 of the Substantive Laws of Belize, Revised Edition 2011. This edition contains a consolidation of amendments made to the Constitution by Acts No. 23 of 2005, 13 of 2008, 4 of 2010 and No. 11 of 2011. Belize Constitution [CAP. 4 3 CHAPTER 4 BELIZE CONSTITUTION ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS PART I The State and The Constitution 1. The State. 2. Constitution is supreme law. PARTII Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms 3. Fundamental rights and freedoms. 4. Protection of right to life. 5. Protection of right to personal liberty. 6. Protection of law. 7. Protection from inhuman treatment. 8. Protection from slavery and forced labour. 9. Protection from arbitrary search or entry. 10. Protection of freedom of movement. 11. Protection of freedom of conscience. 12. Protection of freedom of expression. 13. Protection of freedom of assembly and association. 14. Protection of right of privacy. THE SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF BELIZE REVISED EDITION 2011 Printed by Authority of the Government of Belize 4 [CAP. 4 Belize Constitution 15. Protection of right to work. 16. Protection from discrimination on the grounds of race, etc. 17. Protection from deprivation of property. 18. Provisions for periods of public emergency. 19. Protection of persons detained under emergency laws. 20. Enforcement of protective provisions. 21. Protection of existing laws. 22. Interpretation and savings. PART III Citizenship 23.
    [Show full text]
  • The National Food & Agriculture Policy (2002-2020)
    THE NATIONAL FOOD & AGRICULTURE POLICY (2002-2020) NO FARMER = NO FOOD MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE & FISHERIES & GOVERNMENT OF BELIZE APRIL 2003 Table of Content Glossary of Terms ……………………………………………………………………….. 4 Foreword by Minister of Agriculture & Fisheries ………………………………...... 5-6 Executive Summary ……………………………………………………………………. 7-9 1.0 Global Review ……………………………………………………………… 10-13 2.0 Sector/Policy Review ………………………………………………………... 14-20 2.1 Previous Agricultural Policies 16-17 2.2 Government Expenditure 17-18 2.3 Domestic Credit/Financing 19 2.4 Belize’s Policy Agenda 20 3.0 Challenges/ Constraints Facing the Sector ………………………………… 21-26 3.1 Broad Sector 21-23 3.2 Agriculture 23-25 3.3 Fisheries 25 3.4 Cooperatives 25-26 4.0 Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries ………………...……………………... 26-28 4.1 Description 26 4.2 Structure 27-28 5.0 National Food/Agriculture Policy Framework 2002-2020 ……………… 29-30 5.1 Lessons Learned 29 5.2 Policy 29-30 6.0 Agriculture Policies ………………………………………………………… 31-39 6.1 Sector Background 31 6.2 Policy 32-33 6.3 Traditional Crops 34-35 Sugar-Cane Industry Citrus Bananas 6.4 Competitively Produced Domestic Food Products 35-36 Rice Fruits/vegetables Corn/Sorghum/Cassava Oilseeds (Soybean/Sesame) Beans (RK beans, Black Beans & Cowpeas) 6.5 Non-traditional Crops 36-37 Papayas Cacao Peanuts, Mangoes, Plantains, Coco-yam Hot Peppers New Initiatives 6.6 Livestock 38-39 Poultry Beef Dairy Pork Beekeeping Small Stock/Ruminants 7.0 Fishery Policies ……………………………………………………………… 39-46 7.1 Sector Background 39 7.2 Policy 40 7.3 Capture Fishery 40-44 Shrimp Lobster Conch Finfish 7.4 Aquaculture 44-45 7.5 Conservation Compliance 45 7.6 Marine Protected Areas 46 8.0 Cooperative Policies ………………………………………………………… 46-49 8.1 Sector Background 46-47 8.2 Policy 47-49 (i) Macro-Enterprise Development (ii) Enabling Environment (iii) Credit Union & Cooperative Information Training (iv) Regulations 9.0 Support Mechanisms/Services Policy …………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Standing Orders of the Senate Index
    STANDING ORDERS OF THE SENATE INDEX Standing Order Subject 1. Title. 2. Oath of Allegiance. 3. Election of President. 4. Election of Vice-President. 5. Presiding in the Senate and in Committee. 6. Duties of the Clerk of the Senate. 7. Language. 8. Quorum. 9. Days of Meetings. 10. Hours of Sitting. 11. Adjournment of the Senate. 12. Adjournment - Definite Matter of Urgent Public Importance. 13. Order of Business. 14. Petitions. 15. Papers. 16. Nature of Questions. 17. Notice of Questions. 18. Contents of Questions. 19. Manner of Asking and Answering Questions. 20. Personal Explanations. !1 21. Arrangement of Public Business. 22. Public Money. 23. Notice of Motions or Amendments. 24. Period of Notice. 25. Exemption from Notice. 26. Dispensing with Notice. 27. Privilege Motions. 28. Moving of Motions. 29. Seconding of Motions and Amendments. 30. Motions not Moved or Seconded. 31. Withdrawal of Motions. 32. Amendments to Motions - How Moved and Put. 33. Time and Manner of Speaking. 34. Right of Reply. 35. Interruptions. 36. Contents of Speeches. 37. Scope of Debate. 38. Anticipation. 39. Closure of Debate. 40. Rules for Members not Speaking. 41. Time Limit of Speeches. 42. Responsibility for Order in the Senate and in Committee. 43. President to be Heard in Silence. !2 44. Order in the Senate and in Committee. 45. Decision of Questions. 46. Collection of Voices. 47. Divisions. 48. Procedure of Bills - Introduction and First Reading of Bills. 49. Appointment of Days for Stages of Bills. 50. Form of Bills. 51. Second Reading of Bills. 52. Committal of Bills. 53. Functions of Committees on Bills.
    [Show full text]
  • Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report
    POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2010 BELIZE POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2010 COUNTRY REPORT i 2010 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS Copyright © 2013, The Statistical Institute of Belize Short sections of this publication may be copied for individual use without permission, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Otherwise, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Statistical Institute of Belize. Published by The Statistical Institute of Belize 1902 Constitution Drive P.O. Box 617 Belmopan, Belize C.A. Telephone: 501-822-2207 Email: [email protected] Web: www.statisticsbelize.org.bz ii POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2010 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ..............................................................................................................VI LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... XII MINISTER’S REMARKS .................................................................................................... XIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................................................................................XV INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 Definition of Some Concepts used in Census 2010 ................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Big Game, Small Town Clientelism and Democracy in the Modern Politics of Belize (1954 to 2011)
    Big Game, Small Town Clientelism and Democracy in the Modern Politics of Belize (1954 to 2011) Dylan Gregory Vernon A thesis submitted to University College London in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Caribbean and Latin American Politics from the Institute of the Americas, University College London 2013 Declaration I, Dylan Gregory Vernon, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in my thesis. Dylan Gregory Vernon 2 Abstract Presenting Belize as an illustrative and critical case of clientelist democracy in the Commonwealth Caribbean, this thesis explores the origins of clientelist politics alongside the pre-independence birth of political parties, analyses its rapid expansion after independence in 1981 and assesses its implications for democratic governance. Based on qualitative research, including interviews with major political leaders, the thesis contends that, despite Belize’s positive post- colonial reputation for consolidating formal democracy, the concurrent expansion of clientelism, as both an electoral strategy and a mode of participation, ranks high among the worrying challenges affecting the quality of its democracy. Although intense party competition in a context of persistent poverty is central to explaining the trajectory of clientelism in Belize, the Westminster model of governance, the disappearance of substantive policy distinctions among parties and the embrace of neoliberal economic policies fuelled its expansion. Small- state size and multi-ethnicity have also been contributing factors. Even though the thousands of monthly dyadic transactions in constituencies are largely rational individual choices with short-term distributive benefits, the thesis concludes that, collectively, these practices lead to irrational governance behaviour and damaging macro-political consequences.
    [Show full text]