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IV. OBSERVATIONS UPO N"SHILLINGA F FRANCIO " E DAUPHISTH N AND MARY STUART, REPRESENTING THEM AS "KING AND QUEEN OF SCOTLAND, ENGLAND, AND IRELAND," DATED 1568: WITH NOTES REGARDING THE ASSUMPTION BY QUEEN MARY E ARM CROWOD FTH SAN F ENGLANDNO HENRY B . YHOLTF , ESQ., LONDOK. [The objecr Holt'M f o st communicatio establiso t s e genuinenwa hth - ness of a coin of Mary Queen of Scots and her husband, Francis, Dauphin of France, wit apparene hth t date 1558. Other coin medald r san he f o s reign wer r e Holtexhibiteeb M sen e meetino y t th ,b t o t d g when this communicatio s thui n gold i d ss i an describe,s read t I wa n . Miy db - Holtseemo wh ,o imagin st e tha t mighi t t have bee npattera n piecr efo an intended silver coinage, which never came to be circulated. " The Queen is represented in profile, her hair in plain bands, and with- out earrings; she wears a wreath of laurel on her head surmounted by a coronet husbanprofilr e he Th f .eo d Franci Dauphie th s ' respectant, s ni ' and above their heads is the crown of England. The legend is FRANC • regree 1W recoro t tr HOESEUROH deate M dth f o h Januar h 7t n o , y 1868, before this paper ccralrt be revised for Press. ' 280 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, JUNE 1867. e e datbasth th s eet i A . A • BEGiN• RE• T E o E TMAEI • G X • sc • A • D A• e reverse th mott''1558.th n s O i oe ' 'POSVIMVS DEUM ADJDTOEEM NOSTRUM," surroundin ornamentan ga l escutcheon, upon, whic e armhth s of Englan impale e e sinisterdar th n thosd do an f ,Scotlan eo e th n do dexter, the numeral ' X' being on the one side, and the two units, II. on the other, the whole surmounted by the royal crown of England. Size of coin scal9 , Mionnet.f eo " After a minute comparison with coins in the Society's Museum, a very decided opinion was expressed by members skilled in numismatics, that questiot n genuinei e no s on t nI e seemewa . th havo dt e been alterer do manufactured for deception, from one of Philip and Mary of England. Under these circumstances it has been deemed inexpedient either to give an engraving of the coin, or to print the ingenious arguments used by Mr Hol supporo t theorys hi t e speciastrucs , th thar wa kt fo lti purpose of payin Frence gth h troop contemplatea n si d invasion , howeverWe . , extract the larger portion of his communication which serves to illustrate assumptioe th youthfue th y nb l Scottish Crowe Queetitle th th o e t nf no of England, immediately upo accessioe nth Queef no n Elizabet Novemhn i - ber 1558.] On the 4th of April 1558, Henry IV., King of France, obtained from youthfue th l Mar f Scotlanyo r signaturdhe instrumenn a o t e t granting heirs e successiohi hith s d e mrealr an th he f Scotlandm o o l nt al d an , rights to the throne of England, should she die without issue. A few days after this was executed—viz., on Sunday the 24th of April, Mary was marrie t Notrda e Dame, Paris Francio t , Dauphine sth . In honour of this event, Henry caused two medals to be struck, of different sizes (specimens of which are exhibited). These are here referred simplo seriefirsa e t f th o t s sya subsequently strucRoyae th t ka l Minn i t Paris, whence, indeed, every known seal, coin, or medal representing Franci Mard san s " ya Kin Queed gan England,f no issueds "wa . One of the most interesting writers upon Mary Stuart erroneously supposed the marriage-medallion before mentioned to have been struck at r Eoyahe le CanongatMinth n i t t Edinburgha e . ALL questio than o n t point was, howevere discover th t res a y t b t e originase ,n 184 yi th f 0o l FRANCIS DAUPHI FEANCF NO MARD EAN Y STUART,1 155828 . dies at the Hotel des Monnaies, Paris, from which the impression of the larger medallio latels nha y been taken. The small silver coin exhibited, dated 1558, was, however, it is believed, struc Edinburghn ki commemorato t , marriagee gola eth s d wa meda s a ; l now to be found in the Sutherland Cabinet in the Advocates Library, Edinburgh—which bears date 1558 resembled an , "e Parith s s Wedding Medallion" on the obverse, with the two heads respentant, the reverse and legend, however, being altogether different. On the 17th November following, Mary Queen of England died, and that fact having been communicated to Henry, by his ambassador at London, wit utmose hth t speed Kine th , g los timo n tn takin i e g stepo st lay claim to the sovereignty of the whole Britannic Empire on behalf of Mary Queen of Scots, as the rightful representative of Henry VII. therefore,d "An " accordin Speedo gt nearese ,th "s blooda n ti lawfud ,an l heire to the crowne of England, hee caused by proclamation in Paris her stile to be published under the name of ' Mary Queene of England, Scotland Ireland,d an , caused an 'arme th dEnglanf so joinee b do t d with Scotlan Franced dan , whic e Dolphith h d she impaled nan edi , botn ho their seales, plate, tapestry d othean , r adornements; which caused great troubles (saith Leslie) betwixt the kingdomes of England, France, and Scotland." (Vide Speed, in the " Succession of England's Monarchs," . 860p Boo . kIX Edit. Lond. 1650, folio). This proclamatio s furthei n e "r Memoirth allude n i f Loro t o ds d Burghley," vol. ii. p. 33, where mention is made that Mary the Dauphin's wifd Queean ef Scotlando n d beeha , n publicly decorated wite th h additiona propele titlesth d r an ,armoria l insigni a quee f ao f Englan no d and Ireland, and the detail thus proceeds :—" In the eye of a discerning statesman, the designs of the French, and of the Catholics everywhere, could not possibly have been more significantly displayed than in the assumption of the title and arms of Queen of England and Ireland by Mary, at the moment of Elizabeth's succession." mannee Th whicn i r e armh th f Englan o s d first appea havo t r e been assume s " a Mary y Baros e b d th t wa Femnie.,ne s e first th wa , n I " coat of the Dauphin of France, which occupied the upper part of the shield, whilst the lower half contained that of Mary. This impaled quarterly,—1. The arms of Scotland ; 2. The arms of England; The third 2 28 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE TH F SO , JUNE 1867. e seconath s firste fourte d th ;Th .s ha Over all, halescutcheon a f f no pretence of England, the sinister half being, as it were, obscured or cut off. " Perhaps so given," says Strype, " to denote that another (and who should that be but Queen Elizabeth ?) had gotten possession of the crown in her prejudice." One of those escutcheons being brought out of Franc delivered e an Duke th f Norfolko det o , Earl Marshall e referreh , d it to the heralds, who found the same to be " prejudicial to the Queen's Majesty r state dignity.d he , an , " This decisioe see Strype'. b nin y nma s Annals . 12 "Hence, ,. p vol . i . " says Camden , "flowed34 . p ,s a , from a fountain, all the calamities wherein she (Mary) was afterwards wrapped." The news of this assumption by Mary reached England early in January 1559, and is thus noticed by Lord Burghley in his Diary of the 16th Januar than yi t year :—Dolphie "Th s wiff Francnhi o e d Queeean f no Scots, did by the style of King and Queen of Scotland, England, and Ireland graunt to the Lord Fleming certain things," &c. ' Numerous other authorities might f necessaryi , e th referree t b , bu , dto foregoing will suffice to prove two facts,-—viz., 1st, That Mary was pro- claimed as Queen of Scotland, England, and Ireland, in Paris, in December 1558. 2d, That she assumed, as her legal right, the title and arms of Queen of England, &c., at the moment of Elizabeth's accession. From the data which exist, and the course adopted by Henry II., it is clear he did not content himself with the mere assumption by Mary of the title and arms of England, 'but that it was intended to follow up those claims by attacking England through Scotland, dethroning Elizabeth, and in her stead elevating Mary. (Vide Lord Burghley's Memoirs, p. 33.) The knowledge of these facts, doubtless, very materially expedited the coronation of Elizabeth, which took place at Westminster on the 15th January 1559. ' Elizabeth's positio t thina sr fro periofa ms satisfactorydwa s wa e Sh . without friends, allies money—ar o , r witwa th France—and Scotlann di the power of the Dauphin and Mary. Peace, therefore, became an in- dispensable necessity for her, and it was happily concluded at Cateau Cambresis Aprid 2 e l th following n o , . So far, however, from tha tmanney peacan n ei r abatin e avowegth d intention of Henry to insist on the sovereignty of the whole British FRANCIS DAUPHI FEANCF NO MAR D EAN Y STUART,3 155828 .

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