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Voice of the Mayors

Jean Paul Huchon Île-de- ( )

The First European

Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 1

About Voice of the Mayors

Celebrating its thirtieth anniversary, METROPOLIS wishes to leverage the unique experience of its members, represented by the mayors of the major metrop- olises, presidents and governors of metropolitan . Too often, the expertise of these high-ranking officials is lost once their term has come to an end. However, at a time when global urban development is quickening its pace, their experience is more beneficial than ever for the new generations of local decision-makers, the entire spectrum of public and private local development stakeholders and partners in the international community.

In its capacity as a network of the world’s major , METROPO- LIS also seeks to make an active contribution to the current international debate concerning the revision of the Millennium Development Goals, negotiations on cli- mate change and the preparations for the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III).

This is how the idea for Voice of the Mayors came into being, as a wealth of first-hand testimonies from local and regional leaders whose experience de- serves to be recounted and disseminated. Bequeathing this legacy also conveys the willingess of METROPOLIS members to share their experiences and to enhance the exchange of knowledge, a concerted effort to contribute towards shaping sus- tainable urban development worldwide.

Upon the creation of METROPOLIS in 1984, the 14 founding members expressed their desire to work together to strengthen their mutual capacities to manage their . Voice of the Mayors helps to achieve this goal with the 136 members that comprise METROPOLIS today and the young generations of local decision-makers.

The testimony you are about to read serves to enhance the association’s training activities and the work carried out within the framework of the METROPO- LIS Initiatives, the METROPOLIS Women International Network and of METROPOLIS Youth.

The experience of the leading decision-makers in major metropolises across the world is essential. They manage the day-to-day needs of millions of citizens as regards housing, mobility, education, health, safety and energy, to name but a few. They run cities, urban areas and metropolitan regions that are some- times larger than certain United Nations member states in terms of population, budget size and global reach. They are the main political leaders on the front line, tackling the challenges facing the planet. Nevertheless, this role has yet to be suf- ficiently recognised in present-day international relations.

It is METROPOLIS’ aspiration that Voice of the Mayors will help these leaders’ words to be better heard, listened to and taken into consideration by the international community.

Alain LE SAUX METROPOLIS Secretary-General October, 2014 Jean paul huchon Curriculum vitae

Jean-Paul Huchon was born on From 1995-1998: he became Vice Presi- 29/07/1946. He holds a law degree and a dent then President of a Cabinet of interna- degree from the Paris Institute of Political tional recruitment Studies. He is a former student of the Na- tional School of Administration (ENA). He is Since 1998: an Officer of the French Legion of Honour, a Knight of the French National Order of He is the President of the Regional Council Merit and a Commander of the French Or- of Île-de-France. He was re-elected in 2004 der of Agricultural Merit. He is the author and 2010. of several works. He is President of the Institute for Urban From 1975 to 1981: he was a civil ad- Planning and Development of the Region of ministrator then Head of the European Île-de-France (IAU) Agriculture and Communities Bureau in the Budget Directorate of the Ministry of Since 2004: he is the 1st Vice President of Finance the Association of (ARF)

From 1981 to 1991: he became the Cab- Since 2006: inet Director for Michel Rocard in the Minis- try of Planning (1981-1983), the Ministry He is President of the Metropolis. He was of Agriculture (1983-1985) and in Mat- re-elected in 2008 and 2011. ignon when Rocard became Prime Minister (1988-1991) He is President of the metropolitan section of United Cities and Local Governments From 1986 to 1988: he was the General (UCLG) and Vice-President of UCLG. He was Director of the agri-food group EXOR re-elected in 2013

From 1991 to 1994: He is President of the Île-de-France Trans- port Association (STIF). He was re-elected He was the General Director then Counsel- in 2010 lor to the President of Pinault Printemps after having taken the post of General Di- Since 2013: he is Vice President of the rector changed with Development and Fi- Public Investment Bank (BPI) nancial Affairs of the Printemps Group. Since 2014: he is a member of the Super- He was the President of FINAREF (Crédit visory Board of the Société du Agricole Group) (SGP)

From 1994 to 2001: As a member of the , he was elected as of the of Conflans-Sainte-Honorine Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 3

Jean Paul Huchon

Île-de-France, the First European Metropolis

monarchy and the revolution, the capital of fash- ion and capital of luxury, the city of Art Nouveau and city of Art Deco. The French capital has no shortage of symbols, and it attracts more than 30 million tourists each year, making it the number one tourist destination on the planet. But the life of Paris does not stop at the city gates: beyond ike many other major cities, Île-de- the city, as the tourists know, we find Versailles, France is facing the challenge of ur- , , , the banks ban development. In response, the of the Seine depicted in Impressionist paintings, of France is introduc- Gâtinais or the French Vexin, and, of course, Dis- ing the Grand Paris, one of the most neyland Paris in -la-Vallée. Companies, in- ambitious transport projects in the vestors and managers are also in the know: for world, to adapt to the needs of the new centu- L them the region offers La Défense and Val d’Eu- ry. This development will be accompanied by a new system of governance. rope, Plaine Commune, Roissy and , et Evry, and and . Paris, as we know, is a city which could Students the world over regard Sorbonne as high- almost be described as “universal” in the collec- ly as they do Harvard, but they also choose to tive imagination of the world’s citizens. The city study in or Saclay, in or Créteil, of romanticism, city of lights, city of the French in Saint-Quentin or . As for amateurs of 4

French gastronomy, many will have heard of Vatel, Reversing inequalities and preparing for the the great French chef who has worked his magic future in the kitchens of Château Vaux-le-Vicomte. He could not have done so without the famous Here is a picture of Île-de-France today: de , asparagus or Beauce wheat; its twelve million inhabitants – almost 20% of all products from the farmlands surrounding Paris, the French population – produce more than 30% which are among the most fertile in . of the ’s wealth. Forming 5% of the GDP of the European Union, Île-de-France is the pre- Beyond Paris, with the city at its heart, mier region of the continent. The responsibility we find the Capital Region of Île-de-France. With- of governing Île-de-France is as exhilarating as it out Paris this region would not exist, of course. is demanding: it is crucial to preserve the wealth But at the same time, the dazzling vitality of Paris, of heritage which gives the region its reputation a city too grand for its restricting walls, relies on – and, shall we say, its pride, and sometimes even the Capital Region. And there are several growth its arrogance – while at the same time rising to hubs outside of the city. the challenges faced by many of the world’s major cities.

La Défense Business Centre (IAU) Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 5

We must think on a small scale – for re- respond to its , thus integrating the solving everyday problems and enabling the in- majority of the population which depends on the habitants of the region to build their own lives – capital in one way or another. A further asset is while also acting on a medium and large scale, in the region’s capacity for investment – this is its light of the region’s status as a metropolis open most important motor, since more than half of the to the world and integrated in international trade, budget, totalling at present almost 5 billion , and a motor of growth for a whole country. Guid- is reserved to that end. When I became President ing change, designing the future, while taking of Île-de-France in 1998, there was a great deal of immediate action to reduce the great inequalities work to be done. which hinder its development: these are the chal- lenges we must rise to. The Region, an innovative institution

These tasks are complex, since the We had to establish the legitimacy of weight of history is still very much upon us. The regional action in relation to the State and oth- Region is a young collectivity in France. It be- er communities, businesses and civil society. Our came part of the country’s institutional landscape relatively limited scope of action hindered this and was granted autonomy and competences process. The region was devised above all as a just thirty years ago. In a country defined by a strategic institution, which set targets without strong centralist tradition, inherited from both the really having the means to implement them, and French Monarchy and the Revolution, the people without direct legislative power. With restricted have always been wary of autonomy and free ad- competences – managing assets of centres of sec- ministration in the , all the more so in ondary education, professional training and learn- the wealthiest region, which houses the national ing; urban planning and economic development institutions. Furthermore, in comparison to Paris, planning – the challenge was considerable. a historically powerful and , in To add to our areas of direct intervention, comparison to the 1 300 communes, inherited such as school assets, we therefore chose to es- from an age-old tradition, to which 8 departments tablish contracts with the main communities, so were later added as a result of the political will that regional-scale priorities could be acknowl- born of revolutionary power, the Region did not edged through negotiation. With the State, then have a natural place. Its creation was neverthe- with the Departments, we set a framework for less seen as imperative since development of our investments, allocating more financing to the the rapidly-expanding region had to be organised most vulnerable areas in order to support their and controlled, with particular focus on keeping public policies, such as the development of major growth balanced so that not only the richest areas infrastructure. or the most well-off inhabitants would benefit. Île- de-France grew considerably around Paris and La At the same time, we chose to Défense commercial centre to the west, although invest outside our area of competence: in its inhabitants lived mostly to the north and east. accommodation – in a very tight market – in And the urban sprawl which accompanied the eco- culture – especially cinema and audiovisual nomic and demographic growth from the 1960s media, a growing sector – in sport, agriculture, the tended to accentuate this phenomenon. environment and the social sector, as well as in universities and research (there are more than 70 Large-scale public action was therefore ongoing projects in this domain) which were in necessary to enable regulation and rebalancing urgent need of new infrastructure and innovative in preparation for the future. The regional institu- facilities. Taking this action guaranteed that all tion – this has always been my conviction – was in the essential components of development could the best position to take this action. Its strength be brought together, in order to improve the living lies primarily in its range of influence: the admin- environment of the inhabitants and help them to istrative borders of Île-de-France currently cor- build their future. 6 L� N������ G���� P���� The New Grand Paris Express Perspectives d’aménagements (Hors modernisation du RER)

Objectifs de mise en service des lignes Cergy Le Mesnil Amelot Tramway - TCSP 2017 2020 2023 2025 2027 2030 Au-delà t s e Villiers-le-Bel Aéroport Charles u Ba O rr Métro - RER - Tramtrain e a de Gaulle T2 u e l l d

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8 2 Réseaux existants La Garenne T 4 1 Saint-Germain- Colombes T Ligne 15 P. Picasso Colombes 4 M Clichy-sous-Bois– en-Laye 1 Mairie de réseau RER / Transilien Bécon-les- M 5 Saint-Ouen Nanterre 1 Bruyères réseau TER / TGV ne 3 Lig T La Défense Pont Cardinet réseau métropolitain M 11 réseau de transport en commun en site propre (TCSP) Mairie Chelles T Rosny-Bois

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© IAU îdF - juin 2013 http://www.iau-idf.fr vers Évry L� N������ G���� P���� Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 7 Perspectives d’aménagements L� N������ G���� P���� (Hors modernisation du RER) (original map in french) Objectifs de mise en service des lignes Cergy Le Mesnil Perspectives d’aménagements Amelot (HorsTramway modernisation - TCSP du RER) 2017 2020 2023 2025 2027 2030 Au-delà t s e Villiers-le-Bel Aéroport Charles Objectifs de mise en service des lignes u Ba CergyO rr Le Mesnil Métro - RER - Tramtrain e Gonesse a de Gaulle T2 u Amelot Tramway - TCSP e l l Arnouville d

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vers n B G Parc des a o H e n 7 7

T 5 N d e Mantes-la-Jolie S 1 1 s Triangle Expositionse Épinay- T e s ign sansterminus correspondance (provisoire ou définitif) de ligne GPE, eme Épinay- n e L long nt g de Gonesse pro RE sur-Seine Tan i sans correspondance R ge L E nt Achères à iel ne 16 avec correspondance l T 8 l ig ’O 8 e L u T N Parc des terminus (provisoire ou définitif) de ligne GPE, e o 7 Sevran- s d 5 r t or d 1 Aulnay Expositions avec correspondance N Épinay- T e Beaudottes terminus (provisoire ou définitif) de ligne GPE, eme lle Épinay- n long nt ie g pro RE ent sur-Seine Tan i Le Blanc- sans correspondance R Tang ge L E nt Mesnil Sartrouvilleà iel ne 16 l T 8 l ig ’O 8 e L u T 16 et 1 N Sevran-Livry terminus (provisoire ou définitif) de ligne GPE, e e 7 o Sevran- s d n r t r ig d Aulnay avec correspondance No Colombes L e T 1 Saint-Denis- Le Bourget RER Beaudottes iell ent Pleyel Le Blanc- Tang Sartrouville Bois- Mesnil

8 2 Bobigny Réseaux existants La Garenne 16 et 1 T 4 Sevran-Livry 1 7 Saint-Germain- Colombes T e Ligne 15 4 ign P. Picasso Clichy-sous-Bois– en-Laye Colombes Colombes Saint-Denis- 1 LM Le Bourget RER réseau RER / Transilien T 1 M Mairie de Montfermeil Bécon-les- Pleyel 5 Saint-Ouen Nanterre 1 Bruyères réseau TER / TGV ne Bois- 3 g T 8 Bondy i 2 Bobigny Réseaux existants La Garenne L T 4 1 Saint-Germain- Colombes T Ligne 15 P. Picasso La Défense Pont4 Cardinet Clichy-sous-Bois– en-Laye Colombes 1 M réseauréseau RER métropolitain / Transilien M Mairie de 1 Montfermeil Bécon-les- Saint-Ouen M 1 Nanterre 15 Bruyères réseau de transport en commun en site propre (TCSP) e réseau TER / TGV ign T 3 Mairie Bondy Chelles L T Rosny-Bois St-Lazare des Lilas 1

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l M Saint-Maur - 15 000 to 20 000 direct jobs l Châtillon-Bagneux Cachan e Chantiers Bry-Villiers-Champigny i Villejuif t St-Cyr 4 Créteil annually Montrouge n L. Aragon e Créteil M Vitry g Viroflay Fort d’Issy/ 5 Champigny Centre n Centre 1 l’Échat - Overtime, 90 percent of residents in the a 4 ne T Vanves/Clamart Villejuif g

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Versailles T 6 Arcueil- L Le Vert Île-the-France will live less than 2km from a Institut M Chantiers Bagneux Cachan de Maisons Saint-Maur St-Cyr G. Roussy Villejuif Les Créteil station. L.M 14 Aragon Vitry Ardoines Créteil 2 km Variantes P A 5 nto Centrea 1 l’Échat Sucy-Bonneuil ny r e - C Villejuif i n lama s Lig Ta rt - Tn 6 O Le Vert ge Institut n r ti l de Maisons elle G. Roussy Lesy S ud M 14 Ardoines 2 km Variantes P L A 7 a ig nt Sucy-Bonneuil n on r e y - T i 1 Cl s

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Juvisy 2 © IAU îdF - juin 2013 http://www.iau-idf.fr Melun vers Évry

© IAU îdF - juin 2013 http://www.iau-idf.fr Melun vers Évry 8

At a time when the national government, million travellers using the service every day, for budgetary reasons, was obliged to revert to its the system comprises almost 1800 km of railway primary functions, its governing powers and re- lines which serve more than 800 train and metro sponsibilities in the area of social protection, the stations, supported by a network of over 1 450 region established itself as a pillar of stability and bus lines. Two train routes are among the busiest a growth motor. in Europe. But this level of use, which has grown 20% in ten years, represents a major challenge. The Mobility, the first challenge of urban develop- transport service has long suffered from under- ment investment from the State and its public powers, and part of the network is totally saturated. It was But the main challenge of Île-de-France is only in 2005, when the Region was granted full undoubtedly the modernisation and development competence in the area of public transport, that of its transportation infrastructure. One strong massive investment could be undertaken. This point: the region’s two international airports, the sum now totals 1 billion Euros each year. With a density and quality of their networks, are often new mode of governing, which brings the Region cited as one of the major pull factors of the region and its Departments together in a union of local for French and international investors. With 8.5

In the long run, ​T3 Tramways ​will tour Paris Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 9

Upgrading project​ of the ​banks of the ​Seine​ ​​river (AIGP)

authorities, priorities and investments are drawn without doubt one of the most ambitious trans- up and future objectives are negotiated with the port projects in the world. 200 kilometres of new businesses which operate in the network. automatic metro lines, serving 72 stations, will be built before 2030. This project is worth over 30 These investments have begun to bear billion Euros. The first works began last June - and fruit. Along with the necessary regeneration of it is undoubtedly the project I am most proud of the network, 6 tram lines have been built, some because it is literally going to transform the land- metro lines have been lengthened, the rolling scape of Île-de-France. It is crucial for the econom- stock has been progressively renewed and new ic development of the region and it will permit the bus lines put in place, in the space of a few years. inhabitants of the region to travel in the best pos- Peripheral routes (North, West, South) have been sible conditions. planned to enable the extension of the network between without passing through Paris. Building a denser capital region which is more respectful of the environment, where the Grand Paris, an Île-de-France project surrounding farmlands are preserved, where plac- es of work and places of residence are brought But the mobility of Île-de-France resi- closer together, where the economy can grow dents is constantly increasing and the existing without lowering quality of life: these are the ob- network, although developed, is too saturated to jectives we have set and which form the basis of meet this demand, especially for the routes be- our investment over the next 15 years, with the tween the suburbs. Since the use of cars must be Grand Paris Express forming the backbone of the significantly diminished in order to combat pollu- project. The action carried out at a regional level tion and respect our commitments regarding the over the past 15 years lends full legitimacy to this reduction of greenhouse gas production, we must plan. go further. Our solution is the Grand Paris Express, 10

Towards new modes of governance?

We will do this in a new context, with new actors: a large-scale territorial reform is currently being implemented by the French gov- ernment. We are invited to rethink our modes of governance. At the heart of Île-de-France, the communal level will be organised from 2016 in a metropolis. To resolve every-day problems, espe- cially those related to planning and housing, the metropolis will control planning and housing, one of the weak points of Paris and the neighbouring areas. At the level of Île-de-France, the region’s role as guarantor of integration and balance will be strengthened, so that investments will be allo- cated where they are needed. The Region will be responsible for aid to firms, urban planning, public transport and the road network, education, train- ing and employment, making it an instrument of mobility and social and territorial cohesion. This is an ambitious reform - the reform we have been waiting for to meet the challenges of the coming century.

Île-de-France (Paris Region) July , 2014

Domaine de Villarceaux : Île-de-France Region heritage. Voice of Jean Paul Huchon the Mayors 11

Île-de-France in figures 12

METROPOLIS’ Voice of the Mayors is supported by

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The Global fund for cities development (FMDV) was created in October 2010 at the initiative of METROPOLIS, United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) and 34 founding members (cities and city networks). It is an international po- litical organisation which aims to strengthen solidarity and financial capacity by and among local authorities and is complementary to existing mobilisation, coordination and advocacy networks. Supporting local authorities to access funding www.fmdv.net

Created in 2004, United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) is the united voice and world advocate of local and regional self-government. Members of UCLG are present in 140 , and are organized into seven regional sections, a Forum of Regions, and a metropolitan section coordinated by ME- TROPOLIS. UCLG’s membership includes over 1,000 cities and regions, as well as 155 associations.

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The World Urban Campaign is a global partnership coordinated by UN-Habi- tat, designed to promote a positive vision of sustainable and to place the urban agenda at the highest level in development policies. It is meant to build alliances with all the sectors of society in a movement to provide a knowledge and action-oriented platform to address urban challenges. it is a platform for Habitat III, the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sus- tainable Urban Development to be held in 2016.

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