COMPONENT REPORT
Project Acronym: OpenUp!
Grant Agreement No: 270890
Project Title: Opening up the Natural History Heritage for Europeana
C4.3.3 - Sustainable content provision (zoology), third report and outlook
Revision: Version 1b
Authors: Mareike Hirschfeld MfN (Component)
Peter Schalk ETI (Content Description) Olle Hints GIT (Content Description) Barbara Wunder LANDOOE (Content Description) Martin Licht MfN (Content Description) Noémie Vasset MNHN (Content Description) Larissa Smirnova RMCA (Content Description) Maarten Heerlien NCBN (Content Description Radek Šanda NM (zoology, content description) Boris Ekrt NM (palaeontology, content description) Jiří Sejkora NM (mineralogy, content description) Petr Velemínský NM (anthropology, content description)
Martin Fikáček NM (zoology, content description) Peter Danes NM (content description) Patrick Grootaert RBINS (Content Description) Christian Lange UCPH (Content Description) Hanna Koivula UH (Content Description) Kai Vellak UT-NHM (Content Description) Sigfrid Ingrisch ZFMK (Content Description)
Project co-funded by the European Commission within the ICT Policy Support Programme Dissemination Level P Public X C Confidential, only for members of the consortium and the Commission Services
Revision History
Revision Date Author Organisation Description Draft 1 10.01.2014 M Hirschfeld MfN Compiling first draft the component Draft 1a 14.01.2014 L. Smirnova RMCA Revision of RMCA description Draft 1b 15.01.2014 B. Wunder LANDOOE Revision of LANDOOE description Draft 1c 15.01.2014 S. Ingrisch ZFMK Revision of ZFMK description Draft 2 20.01.2014 M Hirschfeld MfN Incorporating revisions of Content Provider Version 1 22.01. 2014 M Hirschfeld MfN Final version V 1a 23.01.2014 P. Böttinger BGBM Final editing Coordination Team V. 1b 14.03.2014 W. Berendsohn BGBM Minor editing
Statement of Originality
This deliverable contains original unpublished work except where clearly indicated otherwise. Acknowledgement of previously published material and of the work of others has been made through appropriate citation, quotation or both.
Distribution
Recipient Date Version Accepted YES/NO WP4 Consortium 10.01.2014 Draft 1 Work Package Leader 21.01.2014 Draft 2 YES (Gregor Hagedorn, WP4) OpenUp! Coordination 22.01.2014 Version 1 Project Coordinator 14.03.2014 Version 1b YES (W. Berendsohn, BGBM)
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ...... 1 2. Status of Content Provision ...... 2 2.1 Overview ...... 2 2.2 WP4 content provider ...... 5 2.2.1 ETI Bioinformatics - Stichting Expertisecentrum voor Taxonomische Identificaties ...... 5 2.2.2 Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Tallin ...... 7 2.2.3 Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum, Linz ...... 7 2.2.4 Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin...... 8 2.2.5 Museum of Natural History, Paris ...... 9 2.2.6 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden ...... 10 2.2.7 Natural History Museum London ...... 10 2.2.8 National Museum (Natural History), Prague ...... 11 2.2.9 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels ...... 11 2.2.10 Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren ...... 12 2.2.11 University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen ...... 13 2.2.12 University of Helsinki, Finish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki ...... 13 2.2.13 Natural history museum at University of Tartu ...... 14 2.2.14 Zoological Research Museum Alexander König, Bonn ...... 14 3. Content provider and their mobilized multimedia objects ...... 15 3.1 ETI Bioinformatics - Stichting Expertisecentrum voor Taxonomische Identificaties (ETI) ...... 15 3.2 Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Tallin (GIT) ...... 16 3.3 Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum (LANDOOE) ...... 17 3.4 Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (MfN) ...... 19 3.5 Museum of Natural History, Paris (MNHN) ...... 23 3.6 Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NCBN) ...... 24 3.7 National Museum Prague (NM) ...... 26 3.8 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS) ...... 29 3.9 Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA) ...... 29 3.10 University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark (UCPH) ...... 32 3.11 University of Helsinki, Finish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (UH) ...... 33 3.12 Natural history museum at University of Tartu (UT-NHM) ...... 35
3.13 Zoological Research Museum Alexander König, Bonn (ZFMK) ...... 35 4. Content in the pipeline ...... 37 5. Outlook ...... 37 6. List of References ...... 39 6.1 Publications ...... 39 6.2 Web sites ...... 39
1. Introduction
Work package 4 is realising the mobilisation and provision of zoological multimedia objects and associated metadata in the OpenUp! project (see also C4.2.01). Furthermore, a model for the integration of paleontological, mineralogical and anthropological multimedia objects was developed and is successfully implemented (see C4.5.02). The standards used for data exchange in WP4 are ABCD 2.06 and ABCDEFG 1.0. WP4 is the only Work package in OpenUp! which mobilises content from four different domains, such as zoology, palaeontology (zoology and botany), mineralogy, and anthropology. The quality check of the object associated metadata as well as the display of content in Europeana are important tasks in WP4 in order to assure consistent multimedia objects and metadata standards across all content providers and datasets despite the heterogeneous nature of the content (see also C4.4.13, C4.4.24 and C4.4.3(to be published)). Content in WP4 is highly diverse and includes digital representations of specimens, labels, field books, maps, and scientific drawings but also digital sound recordings and movies. Although OpenUp! content provided to Europeana is currently dominated by botanical objects, the value and uniqueness of the zoological content should not be underestimated. The production of multimedia objects for WP4 is limited by the nature of zoological natural history objects themselves. In contrast to botanical specimens, which often are preserved as dried flattened specimens on herbarium sheets, zoological objects are 3-dimensional or represented by audio recordings and movies. They have to be photographed or recorded individually which is a time-consuming process and of course limits the output. Nevertheless, high quality specimen images of zoological objects and sound recordings have a high potential to attract users. In the future, new and more sophisticated imaging technology, like SAT-Scans and Micro-CT, will speed up the production process of zoological multimedia objects. In the OpenUp! Project, not all content providers release their full metadata set to Europeana due to issues with the imposed CC0 license on metadata in Europeana (see Europeana Data Exchange Agreement – DEA5). Therefore, we differentiate between providers releasing the full metadata set to Europeana (OpenUp! Data Access Agreement unrestricted) and those releasing a restricted metadata set to Europeana (OpenUp! Data Access Agreement restricted).
1 OpenUp! C4.2.0 - Local zoological provider software and metadata mapping functional for all data sources: http://open-up.eu/sites/open-up.eu/files/D12- D420_Local_zoological_provider_software_and_metadata_mapping_functional_v4_co2.pdf 2 OpenUp! C4.5.0 - Model for the integration of content from the areas of palaeontology and mineralogy: http://open-up.eu/sites/open- up.eu/files/u2/C450_Model_for_the_integration_of_content_palaeontology_mineralogy_NM.pdf 3 OpenUp! C4.4.1 - Data quality check feedback (zoology): http://open-up.eu/sites/open-up.eu/files/C4%204%201_data_quality_check_feedback_zoology- 3a_final.pdf 4 OpenUp! C4.4.2 - Data quality check feedback (zoology): http://open-up.eu/sites/open-up.eu/files/C442_Data_quality_check_feedback_MfN_v2a.pdf 5 Europeana Data Exchange Agreement http://pro.europeana.eu/documents/900548/380f8794-6db3-45de-acf4-3d5721138d26
p. 1
The full set of metadata of each provider in the OpenUp project is stored in an OpenUp! Metadata Database, which can act as a repository also for other platforms, e.g. Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (DDB)6. This document describes the current status of content provision in WP4 of the OpenUp! Project. It is the follow-up of the first report C4.3.17 (M18) and second report on content provision C4.3.28 (M28) in WP4. It compares the content provision over time and also includes an outlook with regard to content provision after the end of the project. Like C4.3.1 this report contains a detailed narrative description of the content provided by each institution. As most institution provided more content during the meantime, the descriptions are updated and comprehend more content.
2. Status of Content Provision
2.1 Overview
Currently, there are 14 WP4 content providers in the OpenUp! consortium (see Table 1 and for up-to-date compilation BioCASe Monitor Service9). They provide zoological, paleontological, mineralogical, and anthropological content. In total, there are 76 data sources available for harvest in WP4. The majority of these (36) is provided by ETI. Here, one data source represents one product. The total amount of provided objects through the BioCASe Provider Software in WP4 is 360,081 (9 January 2014). Not all of these objects are already published on Europeana, but they will be available with the next harvest. In the Europeana portal, OpenUp! is currently represented with 1, 499, 750 objects (mostly botanical content) and thus is listed among the top ten providers. Figure 1 compares the number of multimedia objects available in different project month. The months correspond to the compilation of deliverables focussing on the content provision (zoology)10.
6 Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek http://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/ 7 OpenUp! C4.3.1 – Operational content provision (zoology), first report: http://open-up.eu/sites/open- up.eu/files/C4%203%201_Operational_content_provision_v3_final_b%20%282%29.pdf 8 OpenUp! C4.3.1 – Operational content provision (zoology), review and second report: http://open-up.eu/sites/open-up.eu/files/C432_Operational_content_provision_MfN_v2a.pdf 9 BioCASe Monitor Software http://edit.africamuseum.be/biocasemonitor/# 10 OpenUp! C 4.3.1 Operational content provision (zoology), first report; OpenUp! C 4.3.2 Operational content provision (zoology), review and second report and the current C 4.3.3 Sustainable content provision (zoology), third report and outlook
p. 2
Table 1: List of WP4 content providers. Institution Country Abbreviation ETI BioInformatics, Leiden The Netherlands ETI Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Tallin11 Estonia GIT Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum, Linz Austria LANDOOE Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin Germany MfN Museum of Natural History, Paris France MNHN Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden The Netherlands NCBN Natural History Museum London United Kingdom NHM National Museum (Natural History), Prague Czech Republic NM Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels Belgium RBINS Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren Belgium RMCA University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Denmark UCPH Copenhagen12 University of Helsinki, Finish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki Finland UH Natural history museum at University of Tartu13 Estonia UT-NHM Zoological Research Museum Alexander König, Bonn Germany ZFMK
Figure 1: Number of mobilized content over time. Given is the no. of objects from the domains zoology, mineralogy, anthropology and paleontology available on the BioCASe Monitor Software in different Months of the project
11 not an OpenUp! consortium member, only Content Provider 12 including Danish Mycological Society as data provider for OpenUp! 13 including Geological Museum as data provider for OpenUp!
p. 3
Around half of all content providers have already provided the amount of data that they had announced in the original Description of Work14 (Figure 2). Some partners, however, will not be able to provide the content announced for different reasons (flooding of collection, misunderstanding of the number of available objects). GIT is not a consortium partner and therefore did not have a total amount of multimedia objects specified in the DoW. See details for any amendments for each content provider in the following sections.
Figure 2: Number of multimedia objects per institution. Given is the number of objects from the domains zoology, mineralogy, anthropology and paleontology currently (9 January 2014) available on the BioCASe Monitor Software15 (dark blue) and the number of objects which should be mobilized within the project according to the Description of Work (light blue). NHM: Number of objects on the BioCASe Monitor also contains botanical content. See Table 1 for Abbreviations of institutions.
14 Opening up the Natural History Heritage for Europeana, CIP-Best –Practice-Network: Annex I Description of Work 15 BioCASe Monitor Software http://edit.africamuseum.be/biocasemonitor/#
p. 4
2.2 WP4 content provider
2.2.1 ETI Bioinformatics - Stichting Expertisecentrum voor Taxonomische Identificaties Provider acronym: ETI Type of objects: image, sound, movie Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 50,035 Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 84,290 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL status Marine Lobsters of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=MLW Zooplankton of the South Atlantic Ocean http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=ZSAO Bloch's Fishes (1782-1795) revisited http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Bloch Copepods - Aetideidae of the World Ocean http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Cop Crabs of Japan http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=CrabsJ Fishes of the NE Atlantic and the http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Mediterranean pywrapper.cgi?dsa=FNAM Insecten van Europa http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=IEu Lemurs of Madagascar and the Comoros http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=LMC Pelagic Molluscs of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=PMol Macrobenthos of the North Sea http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=MBNS Decápodos de Chile http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=DecCh Arthropods of Economic Importance: http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Diaspididae of the World pywrapper.cgi?dsa=AEI_Diasp Bird Remains Identification System http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=BRIS Mormyridae and other Osteoglossomorpha http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Mormyr Marine Planktonic Ostracods http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=MPO
p. 5
Data source Access point URL status Braconidae - An illustrated key to all http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested subfamilies pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Brac Euphausiids of the World Ocean http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Euph Bats of the Indian Subcontinent http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Bats Arthropods of Economic Importance: http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Eurasian Tortricidae pywrapper.cgi?dsa=AEI_ET Sharks http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Sharks Marine Mammals of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=MaMa Chironomidae Larvae - Key to the Higher http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Taxa and Species of the Lowlands of NW pywrapper.cgi?dsa=ChirLarv Europe Otoliths of North Sea Fish http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=ONSF Arthropods of Economic Importance: http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Agromyzidae of the World pywrapper.cgi?dsa=AEI_Agro Interactive Guide to Butterflies of Europe http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=IntButEu Freshwater Oligochaeta of North-West http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Europe pywrapper.cgi?dsa=FONWE North Australian Sea Cucumbers http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=NASC Turbellaria of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=TurbW Marine Planarians of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=MPW Turtles of the World http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Turtles Fish Eggs and Larvae from Asian Mangrove http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested Waters pywrapper.cgi?dsa=FELAMW Sponges of the NE Atlantic http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=SpNEA De Interactieve Duikgids - Nederland onder http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested water gezien pywrapper.cgi?dsa=IntDuik Fauna Malesiana, Indo-Malayan reef corals http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=FaMaIMRC Chironomidae exuviae - A key to pupal http://openup.etibioinformatics.nl/biocase/ harvested exuviae of the West Palaearctic Region pywrapper.cgi?dsa=ChirEx
p. 6
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22ETI+BioInformatics%2C+Leid en%2C+the+Netherlands%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: ETI will not fulfill the provision of zoological content according to the DoW. This will however not affect the total number of objects mobilized during the project as more botanical content will be available.
2.2.2 Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Tallin Provider acronym: GIT Type of objects: image Domains of content: paleontology Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 20,456 Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 15,993 Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://sarv.gi.ee/biocase/ http://hermes.ut.ee/biocase/ OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL status GIT geological collections http://sarv.gi.ee/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=geocase-git
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Institute+of+Geology+at+TU T%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: GIT is a new content provider.
2.2.3 Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum, Linz Provider acronym: LANDOOE Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 5,147 Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 92,167 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://www.zobodat.at/biocase/
p. 7
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status ZOBODAT (Zoological Botanical Database) http://www.zobodat.at/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Biologiezentrum+der+Obero esterreichischen+Landesmuseen%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: The data source of LANDOOE includes both, botanical and zoological content. Thus numbers of zoological objects included were directly reported by the provider.
2.2.4 Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin Provider acronym: MfN Type of objects: image, sound Domains of content: Zoology, Paleontology, Mineralogy Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 48,631 Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 23,498 Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/current/index.cgi
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Global Butterfly Information http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested System (GloBIS) current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=GloBIS http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested Animal Sound Archive current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=tierstimmenarchiv http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested MfN Mineralogical Collections current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_Mineralogy http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested Ehrenberg Drawings current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_Ehrenberg_D http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested MfN - Fossil vertebrates V current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_PAL (soon visible) http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested Aves (recent) current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_Aves_recent (soon visible) MfN Myriapoda Verhoeff http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested Collection current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_myriapoda_verhoeff (soon visible) http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ harvested MfN - Diptera Collection current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_Diptera (soon visible) Orthoptera (recent, incl. http://biocase.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/ testharvest DORSA) current/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mfn_Orthoptera_Dorsa
p. 8
Links to content in Europeana: Animal Sound Archive http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Museum+fuer+Naturkunde+ Berlin%2C+Tierstimmenarchiv%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Global Butterfly Information System (GloBIS) http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22GloBIS+%2F+Museum+f%C3 %BCr+Naturkunde+Berlin%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Mineralogy & Ehrenberg Drawings http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Museum+fuer+Naturkunde %22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: The GloBIS collection is one of the first OpenUp! content displayed in the new EDM format
2.2.5 Museum of Natural History, Paris Provider acronym: MNHN Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 24,288 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 304,148 (solely botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status MNHN - Collection of fishes http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mnhn-zoology-fish (soon visible) MNHN - Collection of birds http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mnhn-zoology-bird (soon visible) MNHN - Collection of http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase/ harvested molluscs (types) pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mnhn-zoology-malaco (soon visible) MNHN - Collection of reptiles http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase/ harvested and amphibians pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mnhn-zoology-reptamph (soon visible) MNHN - Collection of marine http://openup.mnhn.fr/biocase/ harvested invertebrates pywrapper.cgi?dsa=mnhn-zoology-invmar (soon visible)
Links to content in Europeana (only botanical content):http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?start=104605&query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Mus %C3%A9um+national+d%27Histoire+naturelle%22&rows=12&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: MNHN was already part of the OpenUp! consortium from the beginning of the project, but became a content provider not before the second project year. MNHN then focused in setting up their data source and tested the harvesting procedures with their botanical content. In the second half of the final year MNHN focused more on the provision of zoological content. 24, 288 zoological images will soon be visible in
p. 9
Europeana. MNHN is still mobilizing more content and is planning to provide images from an anthropological collection.
2.2.6 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden Provider acronym: NCBN Type of objects: image, artwork, sound Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 89,433 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 96,960 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://openup.naturalis.nl/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Core collection RMNH http://openup.naturalis.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=NBCNL-zoology-artwork Audiovisual collection RMNH http://openup.naturalis.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=NBCNL-zoology-sounds Core collection NBCNL http://openup.naturalis.nl/biocase/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=NBCNL-zoology
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Naturalis+Biodiversity+Cent er%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: n/a
2.2.7 Natural History Museum London Provider acronym: NHM Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology, Paleontology Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 52,812 (including botanical content) Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 38,590 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://services.nhm.ac.uk/BioCASe/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Collection of the Natural http://services.nhm.ac.uk/BioCASe/ harvested (partly) History Museum, London pywrapper.cgi?dsa=NHM_LIVE
p. 10
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER:%22Natural%20History%20Museum ,%20London%22&qf=PROVIDER:OpenUp!&rows=24 Remarks: n/a
2.2.8 National Museum (Natural History), Prague Provider acronym: NM Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology, Paleontology, Mineralogy, Anthropology Objects via BioCase (07 January 2014): 12,808 Objects in Europeana (07 January 2014): 15,606 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Anthropological collection of the http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested National Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Anthropology Entomological collection of the National http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Entomology Paleontological collection of the National http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=PaleontologieFauna Paleontological collection of the National http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=PaleontologieFlora Zoological collection of the National http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Zoology Mineralogical collection of the National http://pm.nm.cz/biocase/ harvested Museum pywrapper.cgi?dsa=Mineralogy
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+mu zeum%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: n/a
2.2.9 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels Provider acronym: RBINS Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 4,074 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 4,074 Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://biocase.biodiversity.be/
p. 11
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Pictorial beetle collection of the Royal http://biocase.biodiversity.be/ harvested Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences pywrapper.cgi?dsa=OpenUp_RBINS
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Royal+Belgian+Institute+of+ Natural+Sciences%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: RBINS initially did not sign the OpenUp! Data Access Agreement. This is why they were not harvested before.
2.2.10 Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren Provider acronym: RMCA Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 1,907 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 4,516 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ http://193.190.223.55/biocase_rmca/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status RMCA-ENBI-FISHES http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup_enbi_fishes RMCA-ENBI-BIRDS http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup_enbi_birds RMCA-ENBI-BUTTERFLIES http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ harvested pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup_enbi_butterflies RMCA-OPENUP-MANTODAE http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ test-harvest pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup_rmca_mantodae RMCA-OPENUP-AMPHIBIAN- http://biocase.africamuseum.be/biocase_rmca/ test-harvest TYPES pywrapper.cgi?dsa=openup_rmca_amphibians_types
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Royal+Museum+for+central +Africa%2C+Tervuren%22&rows=12 Remarks: n/a
p. 12
2.2.11 University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen Provider acronym: UCPH Type of objects: image, sound Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 170 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 10,741 (including botanical and mycological content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://develprovider.danbif.dk/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Kinorrhynca types at Natural History http://develprovider.danbif.dk/ harvested Museum of Denmark biocase/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=kinorrhynca
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Natural+History+Museum+o f+Denmark%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: Due to a flooding of the collection in 2011 the specified number of zoological objects in the DoW might not be reached?
2.2.12 University of Helsinki, Finish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki Provider acronym: UH Type of objects: image, catalogue scan Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 4,124 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 37,556 (including botanical content) Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://pontikka.fmnh.helsinki.fi/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Sahlberg http://pontikka.fmnh.helsinki.fi/ harvested biocase/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=sahlberg Palmén, A. http://pontikka.fmnh.helsinki.fi/ harvested biocase/pywrapper.cgi?dsa=notebooks
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Finnish+Museum+of+Natura l+History%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22
p. 13
Remarks: UH is providing accession books to Europeana (datasource: notebooks). Originally they counted each record on a page as data item for Europeana. However, in Europeana only the scanned page itself is counted as multimedia object. Thus, UH won’t be able to deliver the full amount of content mentioned in the DoW. This issue has been reported early in the project (see also C4.3.1), but is not an issue due to UH’s valuable contribution to other tasks in the project.
2.2.13 Natural history museum at University of Tartu Provider acronym: UT-NHM Type of objects: image Domains of content: Zoology, Paleontology Objects via BioCase (7 January 2014): 23,450 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 25,120 Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://hermes.ut.ee/biocase/ http://sarv.gi.ee/biocase/
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status Zoological collections of the University http://hermes.ut.ee/biocase/pywrapper.cgi?dsa= harvested of Tartu University_of_Tartu_Natural_History_ museum_zoological_openup Tartu University, palaeontology http://sarv.gi.ee/biocase/pywrapper.cgi?dsa= harvested collections openup_tug
Links to content in Europeana: University of Tartu, Natural History Museum: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22University+of+Tartu%2C+Na tural+History+Museum%22&rows=96 Museum of Geology, University of Tartu http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Museum+of+Geology%2C+U niversity+of+Tartu%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: n/a
2.2.14 Zoological Research Museum Alexander König, Bonn Provider acronym: ZFMK Type of objects: image, sound Domains of content: Zoology Objects via BioCase (9 January 2014): 22,646 Objects in Europeana (7 January 2014): 2,640 Access point URL BioCASE installation: http://biocase.zfmk.de/
p. 14
OpenUp! data sources: Data source Access point URL Status ZFMK Coleoptera collection http://biocase.zfmk.de/pywrapper.cgi? harvested dsa=ZFMK (partly) ZFMK-Sounds http://biocase.zfmk.de//pywrapper.cgi test-harvest ?dsa=ZFMK-Sounds initiated ZFMK-Amibio http://biocase.zfmk.de//pywrapper.cgi test-harvest ?dsa=ZFMK-Amibio initiated
Links to content in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Collections+%2F+Zoological +Research+Museum+Koenig%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Remarks: There were still problems with the ZFMK data sources. The Coleoptera collection e.g. provides about 13,000 multimedia objects, but only about 2,500 were successfully harvested for Europeana. Mapping issues of the two other data sets were also investigated by ZFMK stuff and the OpenUp! and BioCASe helpdesk. A test-harvest of all three data sources were initiated today (9 January 2014).
3. Content provider and their mobilized multimedia objects
3.1 ETI Bioinformatics - Stichting Expertisecentrum voor Taxonomische Identificaties (ETI)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Zoology Since 1990 ETI BioInformatics works with the taxonomic community to develop digital species information and identification systems in the form of e-monographs and e-publications. For OpenUp! ETI provided more than 56.000 images of a broad range of animal species for WP4, including worldwide or regional overviews of e.g. Bats, Corals, Crabs, Fishes, Insects, Lemurs, Mushrooms, Plankton, Sharks and Turtles. Spectacular are the almost thousand images from the ‘Van der Laan Collection’ on zooplankton and micronekton species, which were made of living animals on an expedition vessel at sea. Very rare are the historical images of ETI’s e-publication ‘Bloch’s Fishes Revisited’: over 400 colour plates published in 1782-1795. Unique are also the 1800 images of bird feathers in various magnifications that are an aid to the identification of bird remains in airplane engines. In addition to these images 800 sound and movie files have been made accessible through OpenUp! These provide an aid for identifying birds, marine mammals, lemurs, and frogs. Also almost seven hundred 3D QuickTime VR images were made available of bird type specimen and of extinct bird species, as well as of squid beaks. ETI in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22ETI+BioInformatics% 2C+Leiden%2C+the+Netherlands%22 Note: Per April ETI BioInformatics merged with Naturalis Biodiversity Center. ETI software development services, e-product development, and access to validated biological content will be continued under the Naturalis name.
p. 15
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, description
3.2 Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Tallin (GIT)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Geology The Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology possesses the largest geological collections in Estonia. They comprise ca 0.4 million specimens of fossils, rocks, minerals and meteorites from all over the world, the emphasis being, however, on the Estonian and former Soviet Union material. The collections include historical specimens collected already in the 1850s, but most of the material has been accumulated since the 1950s until present. The fossil collections contain over 10000 type-, cited- and figured specimens, including over 1000 name-bearing types. In scientific perspective the particular strength of the collection at GIT lies in the Lower Palaeozoic palaeontology and petrology of the Baltic area, which serves as the proxy for the entire Baltica palaeocontinent. These collections have contributed significantly to studies of evolution and diversification of biota during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event as well as the end-Ordovician extinction. The microfossil collections deposited at GIT, some of the largest in the world for this time-span, have been used to establish and correlate regional and global geological timescales and biostratigraphical zonations. The drill cores and rock samples are continuously utilized for testing new methods and developing scientific ideas. For instance, the recent advancement in stable isotope research, which also grounds on collections, has turned the Baltic isotopic curve as world-wide standard for the Ordovician and Silurian. About one third of the specimen-level collections are electronically catalogued and accessible though the national geocollections database (http://geokogud.info), Baltoscandian fossils portal (http://fossiilid.info) and the GeoCASe network. As of 2013, ca 25000 specimens have been photographed and 16000 of these are made available through OpenUp! and Europeana. Example in Europeana: http://europeana.eu/portal/record/11624/git_specimen_image_php_id_473.html?start=5&query=acanthoch itina+barbata&startPage=1&rows=24 This less than 1 mm long Acanthochitina barbata belongs to the Chitinozoa, a group of organic-walled microfossils of unknown affility, yet extremely useful for dating sedimentary rocks of Early Paleozoic era worldwide. This species is a biozonal index that can be used to precisely correlate 450 million year old marine sediments. A particular feature of chitinozoans and other Paleozoic microfossils in the Baltic area is their excellent preservation, owing to the lack of metamorphism and other geological overprints. Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, description, geographic coverage, time period, type stage
p. 16
3.3 Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum (LANDOOE)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted The Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum holds more than 15 million natural history objects. It represents the largest natural history collection in Upper Austria, and the second largest next to the Natural History Museum in Vienna. It contributes to OpenUp! by providing approximately 110.000 high quality images, both botanical and zoological.
Zoology (Approximately 10.000 Images) One important zoological collection provided to OpenUp!, are the molluscs of Fritz Seidl (1936-2001). He established one of the largest private collections of snails and mussels in Austria within 30 years. Being engaged in collecting and investigating besides his non-scientific job, he became a qualified expert. Some called him in a friendly way “Snailologist”, which also shows his deep love to the investigation of molluscs. The collection was bought in 2002 by the Biology Center, approximately 500 images are now presented within the project. About 9500 high quality images, provided to OpenUp!, show insect types from the collection of Klaus Warncke. He was a very productive investigator of bees and described 57 new taxa (genus group) and 887 new taxa of the species group (1966-1993).
Collection Klaus Warncke Example in Europeana: Colletes daourus Warncke http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11603/BIOZOOELM___ZOBODAT___6894077_IMG_4.html?start= 11&query=Colletes+daourus&startPage=1&rows=24 Colletes daourus belongs to the so called plasterer bees, a genus of solitary bees with more than 50 European species. They nest in sand, hard sandy ground or even mortar joints. Most of the plasterer bees seem to be specialized on pollen of one particular plant genus. The image shows the paratype specimen of this species (deposited in the Biology Center, Upper Austrian State Museum).
Collection Fritz Seidl Example in Europeana: Conus leopardus Röding http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11603/BIOZOOELM___ZOBODAT___6621291_IMG_1.html?start= 1&query=conus+leopardus&startPage=1&rows=24 The leopard cone is a predatory sea snail and is also venomous. They can sting humans by using their harpoon like radula tooth. Most of the cone-snails are specialized on particular pray species, often other molluscs. Because of their beautiful shells, conus species are beloved collector´s items. This specimen is stored in in the Biology Center, Upper Austrian State Museum. Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, synonymy, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes
p. 17
Figure 3 Zoological content from LANDOOE in Europeana: Conus leopardus.
Figure 4 Zoological Content from LANDOOE in Europeana: Colletes daorus.
p. 18
Figure 5 The Imperial Volute from the collection of Fritz Seidl is a marine snail. (Image: Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museum).
3.4 Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin (MfN)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted The Museum für Naturkunde Berlin – Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity (MfN) is an independent trust and one of eight research museums of the Leibniz Association. With more than 30 000 000 natural history specimens the MfN is amongst the top ten global natural history museums and constitutes a research infrastructure of national and international significances. Digitized content of several important zoological, paleontological and mineralogical collections were mobilized during the OpenUp! project and are already or will be available through the platform Europeana.
Zoology
Animal Sound Archive The Animal Sound Archive (German: Tierstimmenarchiv) is one of the oldest and largest collections of animal voices in the world. Presently, the collection consists of about 120,000 bioacoustical recordings comprising almost all groups of animals. It was founded in 1951 when Günter Tembrock recorded a wild tawny owl in the garden of the institute of zoology. The aim of the collection was the scientific documentation of animal voices as one expression of animal behaviour. In the first years the work was focused on the vocal behaviour of red foxes. From January 1952 until April 1966 Günter Tembrock documented the vocalizations of red foxes on 345 tapes with a total duration of more than 20 hours. Under the direction of Günter Tembrock, a motion picture on acoustic communication on red foxes and other canids was produced in 1958. It was worldwide the first film with special attention on acoustic behaviour of animals In the middle of the 1950s, the first recordings were made in the two zoological gardens of Berlin. Based on this material Günter Tembrock wrote the review paper on acoustic communication of mammals published in 1963 in Busnels book "Acoustic behaviour of animals". From 1960 more and more animals were recorded in the wild. This was the basis of the series of discs “Voices of the Birds of Central Europe” edited by Günter Tembrock and Michael Schubert published in 1967. While until 1990 the majority of the recordings were made by Günter Tembrock, his collaborators and students, now the collection is being expanded by external collections such as those of D. Langwald (recordings from the Tierpark Berlin), K. Conrads (a large bird sound collection) and G. Hohmann (recordings of primates from India and Sri Lanka).
p. 19
Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, age, sex, collector, collection time, biotope, locality (country, area, coordinates, description), description Example in Europeana: http://europeana.eu/portal/record/11611/F9C22A5E57822DDF6D6899ACE935D8468DD45A2E.html?start=9 &query=Tierstimmenarchiv&qf=text:Asio%20otus
Asio otus (Linnaeus, 1758) – Northern Long-eared Owl For Europeana a short representative snippet of the original sound recording was produced. You can hear an adult female and two fledglings. The length of the original recording is 6:26 minutes. GloBIS – Butterfly collection – The butterfly (Lepidoptera) collection of the MfN comprises approximately 4 million prepared Lepidoptera specimens. The geographic focus of the Lepidoptera collection is Africa, although other continents are also represented. Various individual collections co-exist, covering either a fauna region or following a taxonomic or ecologic theme (e.g. all taxa of one family). Alongside these individual collections, there is the main collection, which is displayed following taxonomic principles. The oldest parts of the collection are over 200 years old, originating from the late 18th century (coll. Laspeyres, coll. J.C. von Hoffmannsegg). However, other scientifically important collections have either been integrated into the main collection or still exist as separate collections, such as collections by O. Staudinger, R. Püngeler, A. Schultze, H. Stichel, A. Mell and M.E. Hering. In addition, there are large and small collections by A. Bergmann, E. Urbahn, K. Huhst, H. Belling, and H. Steuer as well as the complete repurchased material from several expeditions, e.g. Schäfer 1938-39 or the Augusta River Expeditions („Berliner Sepik-Expedition”) 1911-1913.
GloBis The type material of the butterflies collection of MfN was documented and photographed in the course of the GART project (The Global Species Register Butterflies or Globales Artregister Tagfalter) and is now available via the Global Butterfly Information System (GloBIS, http://www.globis.insects-online.de/). The aim of the GART project was to provide access to general information about butterflies based on a global taxonomic catalogue. In a first step, a global, fully synonymic species register for two families of butterflies, Swallowtails (Papilionidae) and Whites (Pieridae), was developed based on comprehensive taxonomic databases for these two butterfly groups. Furthermore, all butterfly type specimens housed in the institutional collections of the cooperating GART partners were recorded, photographed, and databased. For selected taxa within the Papilionidae and Pieridae, a comprehensive species information system was developed offering data about distribution, ecology, and morphology of individual species as well as links to other existing data sources. Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, synonymy, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes Example in Europeana (already in EDM format): http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11609/GLOBIS_MFN_GERMANY_2247.html?start=1&query=title% 3AZerynthia+caucasica+&startPage=1&rows=24 Zerynthia caucasica (Lederer, 1864) The pictured butterfly is the type specimen of the species Zerynthia caucasica (Lederer, 1864) and is deposited in the butterfly collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. This butterfly species originates from Russia. Representatives of the genus Zerynthia belong to the swallowtail butterflies placed in the subfamily Parnassiinae (Snow Apollos).
p. 20
DORSA - Grasshoppers’ collection The MfN`s orthoptera (grasshoppers) collection hosts about 6.000 type specimens which are also documented in DORSA (Digitized Orthoptera Specimen Access). DORSA is a specimen-based multimedia database managing Orthoptera songs, voucher specimens, and pictures of type material held in important German museums and private sound archives. All multimedia information is accessible as a “virtual museum” with geo-referenced recordings and specimens. DORSA was running for four years (2000-2003) with support by the German Federal Ministry of education and Science. Now the multimedia objects and metadata are connected to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org) and SYSTAX (http://www.biologie.uni-ulm.de/systax/). Following Metadata will be available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes This data set will be included in the next harvest and be visible by March in Europeana.
Flies collection The Diptera (Flies) collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin has about 1.300.000 objects with about 27.000 species. This collection is about 200 years old and is the most important flies collection in Germany and one of the important in the world. Flies are one of the extensive order of animals (more than 150.000 species) and about 10.000 primary name bearing types are hosted in the collection of the MfN. The Diptera collection hosts specimens from all over the world (e.g. South America), but with main focus on Europe, and comprises the collections of H. Loew, T. Becker, O. Duda, P. Lackschewitz, E. Martini, S. J. Paramonow, M. P. Riedel, E. Rübsaamen, and P. Stein. The metadata for the type material are mostly published. The MfN provided the type material of the robber flies (Asilidae) to Europeana and further families will follow. Following Metadata will be available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes The harvest of this dataset already took place and the objects will soon be visible in Europeana.
p. 21
Paleontology
Ehrenberg collection The Ehrenberg collection is hosted in the micropaleontoly collection of the MfN. Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg was one of the most famous scientists during the 19th century. He was born near Leipzig (Germany) and was a friend of Alexander von Humboldt. His main research was focused on microscopic organisms, fossil and recent. He described thousands of new species and hundreds of new genera in nearly 400 scientific publications. Ehrenberg laid the stone for the so called field of Micropaleontology and he studied mainly diatoms and radiolarians. After Ehrenbergs death, his huge collection with samples from all over the world was stored in the MfN. His collection includes about 40.000 microscope preparations, 5.000 raw samples, 3,000 pencil and ink drawings, and nearly 1.000 letters of correspondence. Besides Europeana, information about the Collection is accessible both via the online Ehrenberg Collection Database, and by an ftp site download.naturkundemuseum-berlin.de/Ehrenberg. Following Metadata will be available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11626/img_MB_ED_1223b_html.html?start=2&query=title%3Aehr enberg+drawings&startPage=1&rows=24 The drawing is stored at the Ehrenberg collection of the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. It shows Trachelius ambiguus which is a long, vermiform, heterotrich ciliate.
Invertebrates At the moment mostly bivalves are provided to Europeana. The collections have more than 100.000 individuals and about 5000 are provided. It has a high historical background because the collection contains individuals collected by famous paleontologists of the 19th century, like Leopold von Buch, Ernst-Friedrich von Schlotheim, Friedrich August Quenstedt. The geographic focus lies on Germany, Europe as well as former german colonies. The collection also includes a huge number of type material and originals of several scientist, like Beushausen, Böhm, Binkhorst, Oppenheim, von Richthofen, etc. Following Metadata will be available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes The harvest of this dataset already took place and the objects will soon be visible in Europeana.
Mineralogy & Petrography The collection of Mineralogy consists of about 200.000 samples with around 75% of all known minerals. Altogether 20 type samples are stored at the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin. The focus of regional collection material is from the Harz, Schlesien, Rheinland, Erzgebige, Vogtland, Thüringer Wald, and Mansfelder Revier. Furthermore, many minerals from Bohemia, Austria, Hungary, and Russia are stored at the MfN and were mainly donations by Alexander der Erste, Alexander von Humboldt, and Gustav Roses. The petrographic collection hosts about 60.000 samples and the regional petrographic part of the collection has the oldest examples from the 18th and 19th century. These samples are from Germany, Italy, Scandinavia, and Russia. Furthermore the impact crater stone collection of the petrographic collection is one of the largest of the world and hosts samples from Europe, Asia, and Africa. Historical samples from historical mineral deposits from all over the world are stored in a third part of the petrographic collection.
p. 22
Following Metadata will be available on Europeana: German scientific name, collector, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11622/img_MFN_MIN_2006_13692__Fluorit_Kassiterit_html.html? start=6000&query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Museum+fuer+Naturkunde%22&qf=PROVIDER:%22OpenUp!%2 2&startPage=5989&rows=12 This example shows the mineral Fluorit which was collected by Martin Heinrich. It is from Zinnwald in Saxony (Germany).
3.5 Museum of Natural History, Paris (MNHN)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Zoology The Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) was founded under the French revolution in 1793. It included the collections of the former King’s garden. Founded as a medicinal school, the King’s garden was gathering both living and naturalized specimen of zoology, botany, geology, paleontology and what was to become ethnology, gathered by exploring expeditions and diplomatic presents. The zoological collection of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle comprises more than 60 million of specimens. Theses collections are the result of more than three centuries of scientific expeditions through the globe. At the beginning of the 19th century the zoological part of the museum grew up and collections have been enlarged. This is due to the numerous shipping committed, such as the Egypt expedition by Napoléon Bonaparte in 1800 (with the collaboration of more than 170 researchers) or the expedition of Nicolas Baudin in the southern hemisphere. This new interest for the zoology is mainly introduced by eminent professors like the anatomist George Cuvier and the evolutionary pioneers Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck and Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. The lack of storage room has become crucial at the MNHN and the construction of other building was needed. Between 1979 and 1984 a new and specific storage building was erected to host the zoological collection, to the exception of the terrestrial arthropods: the zootheque. The zootheque gather on three underground level ca. 10 million specimens, amongst which the most voluminous groups are the mammals and birds collections, and the most numerous specimens are the marine invertebrates. This unique heritage of the MNHN is divided into diverse collections: ichthyology (fish, ca. 450 000 specimens), herpetology (reptiles and amphibians, ca. 400 000 specimens), ornithology (birds, ca. 130 000 specimens), invertebrates (marine ca. 8 million of specimens including more than 5 million of molluscs which is the first collection of deep sea molluscs in the world) and Mammals & Anatomy (ca. 250 000 specimens preseved and naturalized). The insects (ca. 45 million of specimens) are store in another place like all the mineralogy, paleontology and prehistoric’s collections. The collections of prehistorical industry and of the rock-art survey from the Musée de l'Homme and from the palaeontological institute are constituted by ca. 500.000 specimens, mainly stone tools. If it is a worldwide collection, about half of the specimens come from former African French colonies, and a fifth from Metropolitan France. The collections keep growing up constantly, mainly by field work of the departments employees specialized in specific taxonomic groups and all the cruises or shipping from various geographics areas. For example,
p. 23
numerous campaigns are made every year in Antarctica on the French base at Dumont D’Urville to sample marine invertebrates or in tropical areas and islands to study fishes, crustaceans or molluscs. The most important and recent expedition was realised in 2012-2013 in Papua-New Guinea to collect, observe and study benthic invertebrates, insects, birds and amphibians. The MNHN participation to the WP4 to OpenUp! is currently of about 18731 specimens for 28 318 images distributed in the collections of malacology (molluscs), herpetology, ichthyology, ornithology and marine invertebrates. Before the end of the OpenUp! project, approximately 1000 images of marine invertebrates are to be given plus 2 more datasets from the paleontological and prehistorical collections are under preparation (respectively 1500 images and 30 500 images). We hope these images will be mobilized during the last month of the project. Examples in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11620/MNHN___GICIM___0000_5743.html?start=2&query=Apistu s+&startPage=1&rows=12 Apistus dracaena Cuvier, 1829 This is a ray-finned fish of a Actinopterygian (Class). http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11620/MNHN___ZO___MO_1862_1269_IMG_2.html?start=11&qu ery=DATA_PROVIDER%3A"Muséum+national+d%27Histoire+naturelle"&startPage=1&qf=PROVIDER:OpenUp! &qf=TYPE:IMAGE&qf=strix&rows=96 Strix seloputo Horsfield, 1821
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, collector, identifier, higher classification, locality (country, town), collection year.
3.6 Naturalis Biodiversity Center (NCBN)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Zoology Naturalis Biodiversity Center is the result of a merger in 2010 between the National Museum of Natural History Naturalis, the Zoological Museum Amsterdam and the National Herbarium of the Netherlands and supported by Leiden University, the University of Amsterdam and Wageningen University & Research Centre. The goal of this merger was to establish a leading institute in the Netherlands for academic research and education on biodiversity and taxonomy. Through the museum in Leiden the knowledge generated by the scientific staff and affiliates is translated for the general public in the form of exhibits, teaching programs, websites and apps. Since all three former institutions maintained a large scientific collection, a significant result of the merger was the creation of a new national natural history collection, one of the five largest in the world, comprising close to 37 million biological, paleontological and geological specimens gathered over a 200 year period, as well as related objects such as scientific publications and illustrations. Approximately 30 million of these are zoological and paleontological and geological specimens, of which a considerable part is currently being digitized. Through OpenUp! Naturalis has provided little under 89.000 images and sound recordings from several collections.
p. 24
86.000 of these are images of specimens and specimen labels from the Naturalis core collection and comprise several species groups, most notably vertebrates and insects. The geographic coverage of this collection is global. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11619/NBCNL___NBCNL_zoology___RMNH_INS_349889.html?sta rt=89989&query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22Naturalis+Biodiversity+Center%22&startPage=89989&qf=PROVI DER:OpenUp!&qf=TYPE:IMAGE&rows=12 The example above is an image of, in this case the labels of a specimen of Euploea crameri javanica van Eecke, 1915, a species of butterfly found in Indonesia. This specimen was gathered in Jawa Barat. 2000 images are reproductions of historical drawings taken from two collections. The Kawahara collection is a collection of drawings made by Kawahara Keiga in the first half of the nineteenth century around the time Phillip Franz von Siebold was stationed at Dejima, a Dutch trading outpost close to Nagasaki on the island of Kyushu. The zoological and botanical drawings made by Kawahara were commissioned by Von Siebold and depict species found in Japan and in the waters around Japan. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11619/NBCNL___NBCNL_zoology_artwork___RMNH_ART_2.html? start=1&query=Uranoscopus+japonicus&startPage=1&rows=12
The example above is a digital reproduction of a drawing of Uranoscopus japonicus or Japanese Stargazer, a species of fish common in the waters around Japan. The drawing was made by Kawahara Keiga in the first half of the 19th century during the time he was the appointed painter at Dejima. The second art collection provided to Europeana is that of Dutch zoologist Dr. Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans (1858 - 1943). Oudemans created a large number of scientific drawings of mites and ticks which were acquired by the precursor of Naturalis in 1942. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11619/NBCNL___NBCNL_zoology_artwork___RMNH_ART_897.ht ml?start=3&query=Veigaia+herculeana+%28Berl.%29&startPage=1&rows=12 The example above is a detailed drawing of Veigaia herculeana (Berl.), a species of Mites from the genus of Veigaia, first described by Oudemans himself in 1905. Finally, 1100 sound recordings of species of amphibians recorded mostly in South America and of grasshoppers recorded in Europe were provided to Europeana. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11619/NBCNL___NBCNL_zoology_sounds___RMNH_SOUND_1_a. html?start=8&query=Leptodactylus+fuscus&startPage=1&rows=12 The example above is a sound recording of Leptodactylus fuscus or Lineated Frog, found in South America. This recording was made by the Dutch researcher M.S. Hoogmoed, former employee of Naturalis, in Suriname in 1968. Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, synonymy, type status, year of identification, locality (country, area), notes
p. 25
3.7 National Museum Prague (NM)16
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Zoology (including Entomology) The zoological collection of the National Museum comprises over two million specimens. The most numerous groups are some of the invertebrates (corals, worms, mollusks, spiders and echinoderms) and all classes of vertebrates. The collections are divided into five sections: evertebrates (invertebrate animals except for insects), ichthyology (fish), herpetology (amphibians and reptiles), ornithology (birds) and mammals. Insects are not part of the zoology department's fund, but are handled by a separate entomology department in the National Museum. The zoological collection of the National Museum in Prague was established in 1818, when the museum as a whole was founded. Numerous specimens acquired at this time were already historical items back then and comprise a significant part of the collection. An especially interesting piece is the beak of a Mauritian Dodo (Raphus cucullatus), evidently from an animal kept at court by the emperor Rudolf II during the early 17th century. The collection has been constantly enlarged, primarily by donations from various collectors and travelers, as well as targeted activity by the museum staff. For example, Emil Holub donated a significant collection of African animals. Today the collections are supplemented almost exclusively by field work of the department employees, each of whom specializes in certain geographic areas and taxonomic groups, e.g. bats of the Palearctic and Africa, fresh-water Mediterranean fish or South American amphibians. An important part of the collection is the set of documentary examples of now-extinct species. This includes a young great auk (Alca impennis, two male Labrador ducks (Camptolaemus labradorit), a Tasmanian tiger or Thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) and a Cape Verde Giant Skink (Macroscincus coctei). The collection of the Department of Entomology of the National Museum, Prague contains mainly primary type specimens, non-type specimens from historical collections, and non-type specimens of the species of special importance for the public (iconic insects, pest species, and endangered species). Example: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11613/A72CDA787111290C0BA7B717B2224E4B9EDB3429.html?st art=308&query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+muzeum%22&startPage=301 Cobitis ohridana Karaman, 1928 This is a ray-finned fish in the true loach family (Cobitidae). http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11613/08F0B80CE3A79FB44532968E738A75D7D2C0E33D.html?st art=388&query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+muzeum%22&startPage=385 Helophorus crinitus Ganglbauer, 1901
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: Zoology: scientific name, higher classification, collector, collection time, locality (country, area description, coordinates, altitude)
16 Content Description from Hoffmann et al 2012 OpenUp! Component C4.3.1 Operational content provision (zoology), first report
p. 26
Entomology: scientific name, higher classification, type status, collector, collection time, locality (country, area description)
Anthropology The anthropological department of the National Museum houses over 30,000 items in its collections, divided into four main groups. The first consists of around 540 specimens documenting the phylogenetic development of humans. This sub-collection contains casts of significant world finds and several original finds from the lands of former Czechoslovakia - a travertine Neanderthal braincase effusion from "Hrádok" in Gánovce near Poprad, remains of an anatomically modern human from the Zlatý Kůň cave near Koněprusy dated to the Magdalenian culture and remains of apes from the Tertiary-Quaternary boundary from Ivanovice near Třenice and Hajnačka Nera Filákovo. The second, most extensive sub-collection contains skeletal remains of previous populations, dated from the Neolithic up through the present. The collection has specimens from around 25,000 individuals, from archeological digs in former Czechoslovakia, today the Czech Republic. It is one of the largest collections of former populations of Europe. The oldest human remains are from the late Stone Age, (5000 - 4000 B.C.). Examples are graves from the Linear Pottery culture of Bžany, graves of Stroke-Oriented ware culture from Liběchov and cremation sites from Velešovice from the Moravian colored ceramic culture. Most of the skeletons come from the medieval age, from Great Moravian cemeteries (Mikulčice, Prušánky) and from the early days of the Czech state (Stará Kouřím, Libice). The third sub-collection is a set of pathological changes and oddities in skeletons and soft tissue of human bodies, from the 19th-20th centuries. It contains around 6000 specimens, transferred to the National Museum from the first medical faculty of Charles' University. It is an immensely valuable collection for comparison research, since we generally have demographic data on the afflicted individual, as well as the diagnosis and course of the disease. Part of the collection is a set of mounted skeletons documenting overall disruptions in growth, a large set of pelvic and long bone afflictions, skulls with syphilitic changes, skulls with prematurely fused seams and signs of variously healed injuries. The fourth sub-collection is a set of casts of death masks, skulls and hands of significant persons and face casts of various ethnic groups. The collection contains, for example, death masks of famous Czech politicians (T. G, Masaryk, E. Beneš), artists (V. Nezval, B. Martinů) and scientists (J. E. Purkyně, J. Heyrovksý). There are also masks of Bushmen, Eskimos, Mongols and Indians, and a set of recent skulls of Chalcha-Mongols. The collection contains about 280 specimens. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11613/F429FB5A0B872FF91D56BF0DE29AFDB3EFBC1187.html?st art=236&query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+muzeum%22&startPage=229 Homo sapiens: Human skull from the Bronze Age.
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, culture, stratigraphy, part of organism, locality (area description)
Palaeontology (Botany & Zoology) From its founding in 1818, the National Museum's collections have been enriched by private paleontological collections. The core of the fund was the extensive collection of Caspar count Sternberg, containing Carboniferous, Permian, Mesozoic and Cenozoic flora, including many type specimens. Sternberg's monograph "Versuch einer geognostisch-botanischen Darstellung der Flora der Vorwelt" is the first
p. 27
publication that serves as a source of valid paleobotanical nomenclature. At the end of the 19th century, the museum acquired Joachim Barrande's collection of early Paleozoic fauna, containing several thousand type specimens, described in the comprehensive monograph "Système Silurien du Centre de la Bohême". Another sizeable increase of the museum's wealth came courtesy of Antonín Frič, who expanded primarily the late Paleozoic and Mesozoic collections. His work "Fauna der Gaskohle und der Kalksteine der Permformation Böhmens", describing late Paleozoic vertebrate fauna was twice awarded the Lyell medal. However, Frič's most important contribution was the creation of a systematic paleontological structure, which is utilized in the field to this day. These funds today contain numerous additional collections of original and type material cited in hundreds of professional publications. In the almost 200 years of its existence, this collection has grown to the point that it now belongs among the most important databases in the world in the field of palaeontology. It contains unique type and documentary material, as well as scientifically valuable fossils - over five million, accessible to researchers all over the world. The collection is divided into individual sub-collections, whose members document the developmental history of the collection as a whole. The principal criterion is stratigraphic placement, then further subdivisions are on the basis paleozoology versus paleobotany. The only collection separated from the stratigraphic division is the paleozoological vertebrate collection. The paleontological collections are divided as follows: early Paleozoic invertebrates, early and late Paleozoic plants, Mesozoic invertebrates, Mesozoic and Cenozoic plants, Cenozoic invertebrates and all vertebrates. In view of its geological variety and paleontological significance, much of the museum's collection activity focuses of the Czech Massif, but the wider European geographic context is not neglected. A similar set of detailed paleontological data from central European localities is a valuable basis for complex paleographic, paleoecological and stratigraphic studies. The paleontological collection is currently housed in the museum's new depositories, which have good spatial and laboratory capacities for continued development. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11613/AE03394691CE5815518BF55DBEB5F0835D895423.html?st art=181&query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+muzeum%22&startPage=181 Calamostachys germanica Weiss. Fossil plant.
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, higher classification, collector, stratigraphy, locality (country), reference
Mineralogy The Mineralogical collection of the National Museum (Prague, Czech Republic) is a unique collection of mineral samples from all over the world, with a particular interest in minerals from the Czech Republic and Europe. The origin of this collection is closely related with the foundation of the National Museum in 1818 by a group of people around the earl Kašpar Šternberk. From the original 8500 pieces, the collection has expanded into today’s more than 92,000 individually registered items. The collection contains mineral samples that were parts of mineral collections created as early as in the 17th and 18th centuries. These historical samples came to the National Museum together with the collection of the former Prague German University and with the collections of aristocracy forming the basis of the National Museum resources at its establishing. However, most of the minerals represent samples acquired by collecting in localities since the 19th century. In this
p. 28
period the collection was extended by donations, purchase and exchange as well as direct collecting by the museum employees in quarries, mines and other natural places. The mineralogical collection nowadays contains about 1700 mineral species in various forms from the Czech Republic and world localities. The mineralogical collection is an archive of natural materials illustrating a very multifarious mineralogical situation, often in places that are lost or inaccessible these days, such as closed mines, quarries and other natural places. The collection contains both esthetical mineral samples of immense value (e.g. unique samples of gold sheets from Křepice) and purely documentation samples, i.e. less common or rare mineral species (including holotype specimens) with mostly scientific value. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11613/808AC09590C29C45EF49518B8B0109A00BDE2AC8.html?st art=379&query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD+muzeum%22&startPage=373 Johannite. Aggregates of johannite crystals.
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: mineral Name, locality (country, area), description, reference
3.8 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted.
Zoology A pictorial atlas of remarkable beetles form the collections of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences consisting of more than four thousand pictures of Cetoniidae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae and other miscellaneous families of beetles (Coleoptera) from all over the world collected in the last hundred years. http://projects.biodiversity.be/openup/rbins/4.jpg Eutrachelus temmincki: Beetle. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11625/RBINS___OpenUp___4.html?start=3&query=Eutrachelus+t emmincki&startPage=1&rows=12
Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, locality (country)
3.9 Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted
Zoology The RMCA was established in 1897 as a multidisciplinary institution focusing on conservation, education and research. It holds the largest biodiversity collection on Central Africa, offering a complete cross-section of reference material from many central African taxa. The majority of the specimens originate from the relatively poorly studied megadiversity belt in the equatorial region of Africa, and from West Africa.
p. 29
Collections from this region are relatively poorly represented in museums elsewhere in the world. Most pieces were compiled before the independence of Congo, but the collections continue to grow thanks to scientific expeditions, purchases and donations. For OpenUp! several collections representing African biodiversity have been chosen. ENBI collections from the Albertine Rift (http://projects.bebif.be/enbi/projects) The general objective of ENBI initiative (European Network for Biodiversity Information) is to manage an open network of relevant biodiversity information centres in Europe making non-European biodiversity data in European repositories globally available. One feasibility study focused on the development of a query-able website for endemic Albertine birds, butterflies (Papilionidae (Papilio, Graphium) and Nymphalidae (Charaxes)), flowering plants (coffee family, Rubiaceae), and lacustrine fishes (Cichlidae). The Albertine Rift forms the epicentre of Africa's mountain rainforests. ts central location within Africa, the diversity of habitats, the altitudinal zonation and the presence of ancient rift lakes, makes the Albertine Rift region outstanding for its high species diversity and large numbers of endemics. This area holds two UNESCO World Heritage Sites that, given the continued political and economic crisis in the region, are threatened.
For Europeana we provided only specimens from the RMCA collections. The butterfly dataset counts 1237 records of 469 taxa and geo-referenced data for all localities incorporated. Habitus photographs are available for all species for the genera Papilio and Graphium (in total 168 taxa). The bird dataset contains 120 specimens, 36 of which are endemic species. The cichlid fishes dataset contains 191 record of species from lakes Tanganyika and Kivu.
Examples in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11623/RMCA___RMCA___760832950_mr.html?start=2&query=C haraxes+Montis&startPage=1&rows=12 http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11623/RMCA___RMCA___740020020_mv.html?start=1&query=P apilio+antimachus+DRURY&startPage=1&rows=12
Scientific name: Papilio antimachus DRURY
Origin: surrounding area of Bangui, capital of the Central African Republic, collected in the summer of 2005.
This is the largest butterfly of Africa (see Figures 6 & 7). Some specimens have a wingspan of nearly 25 cm. It is found from Senegal to Uganda, and across the Democratic Republic of Congo to Angola. Little is known about this rare butterfly, especially the female. She remains in the treetops, while the males occasionally come down to drink out of puddles or rivers.
Mantodea Mantodea are commonly known as “praying mantis” because of the typical “prayer-like” posture. The closest relatives of mantids (the other common name) are termites (order Isoptera) and cockroaches (order Blattodea). The orders Mantodea and Blattodea belong to the superorder Dictyoptera. The Mantodea collection of the RMCA contains more than 265 species divided into 67 genera and seven families. Most material originates from Central Africa. 63 holotypes of Mantodea have been photographed and are made available through OpenUp! and Europeana.
p. 30
Figure 6: Papilio antimachus, ventral Figure 7: Papilio antimachus, dorsal Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, higher classification.
Amphibians The Royal Museum of Central Africa holds more than 200,000 specimens of Amphibians. Among those are also type specimens of about 200 species or subspecies (types are indicated as reference specimens when a new (sub-)species is described). In 2007, during the digitalisation project n°8, financed by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) – National Project Culture Heritage, some Amphibian types were selected photographed (with the help of Philippe Molitor) resulting in 136 detailed images of these type-specimens, intended for the specialists.
For OpenUp!, we provide a total of 298 thumbnails of the decomposed images. Each with the Museum number, the original name given to the type and the locality (the country name reflects the situation at the moment of collecting). Please note that many of the original scientific names did change and some are no longer considered as valid. Amphibian Species of the world 5.6, at http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/ can be consulted to find their actual names.
Three more datasets are ready for next harvest:
Lepidoptera The entomological collection of the Royal Museum for Central Africa originates from 1898. These insects came mainly from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Burundi. In the mid-sixties other sub- Saharan regions were prospected and now there are also representative collections from West and East Africa. The Lepidoptera collection contains about 240.000 butterflies and about 230.000 moths. The collection was studied since its origin and types of new taxa were described already from the early 20th century. Digitization of the Lepidoptera collection of the RMCA resulted in 4374 images in total, which are available on the web (http://www.africamuseum.be/collections/browsecollections/naturalsciences/biology/lepidoptera). This includes all primary types (1498 records) and the opposite sex if designated as a secondary type, and also secondary types of taxa the primary types of which are deposited elsewhere (usually gifts in the form of paratypes).
p. 31
Mollusca The Royal Museum for Central Africa in Belgium holds one of the largest collections for African molluscs (http://www.africamuseum.be/collections/browsecollections/naturalsciences/biology/mollusca). Shells are the bigger part of the collection but the RMCA also houses a large collection of specimens in alcohol suitable for genetic analyses. The mollusc’s collection contains more than two thousand types and is fully computerized. The data bank contains taxonomic data as well as essential information such as locality, ecology, determinator etc. This collection is, therefore, unique for all studies dealing with African molluscs. For OpenUp! we provide almost 300 images of type specimens from the collection.
Neuroptera Neuroptera or Lacewings are delicate looking, soft bodied insects with a wingspan ranging in size from 5 to 150 millimetres and a body up to 50 millimetres in length. As their name suggests their wings appear lace- like with many intricate veins across their entire surface. The larvae of lacewings, many of which are commonly known as antlions, appear very different from the adults. They are grub-like with large jaws projecting from the front of the head, which are used to seize their prey. The Neuroptera Database (http://www.africamuseum.be/collections/browsecollections/naturalsciences/biology/neuroptera) is the result of a collaboration between Dr. Mervyn Mansell, Neuroptera specialist of the Plant Protection Research Institute in Pretoria (South Africa) and the Entomology Section of the Royal Africa Museum. All the specimens in the database are deposited in the collections of the Royal Museum for Central Africa.
3.10 University of Copenhagen, Natural History Museum of Denmark (UCPH)
Metadata provision to Europeana: unrestricted
Zoology UCPH holds rich zoological collections with many important parts. The number of types in the zoological collections is estimated to be around 25.000. A digital registration and photography of the type specimens is ongoing. Among their important collections are the Fabricius collections of insects, the famous Forsskål fish herbarium, consisting of dried and paper-mounted fish from the Red Sea, Forsskål’s mollusk collections from the Arabia expedition, and a very important echinoderm collection with numerous types, plus material from numerous deep sea expeditions (Galathea and others). Of recent material, the museum holds rich collections from Greenland and the Eastern Arc area in Africa UCPH provides about 30.000 images of both type and non-type specimens from all sections of the zoological collections. UCPH in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=europeana_dataProvider%3A%22Natural+History+Mu seum+of+Denmark%22
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, locality (area, area description, water depth), collector, collecting time, collecting method
p. 32
UCPH will mobilize further data which will be available on the platform Europeana in the future. The following important object is e.g. currently in the pipeline: The holotype of the octopus Haliphron atlanticus is among the type specimens at UCPH (ID: CEP-000073). It consists of a part of an arm, with the characteristic suckers. The arm was found inside the stomach of a shark, caught in 1856 near the Azores by captain Hygom, and was in 1861 described by the Danish scientist Japetus Steenstrup as a new species. Later studies have revealed a set of beaks from the same shark stomach, which with all probability is from the same specimen of octopus.
3.11 University of Helsinki, Finish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (UH)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted The Finnish Museum of Natural History is an independent research institution functioning under the University of Helsinki. It is also one of the three central national museums in Finland and responsible for the national collections in its field. The collections, which include botanical, zoological, geological and paleontological specimens from all over the world, serve research in the fields of biology and geology as well as educational purposes.
Zoology
Sahlberg The man who did the most for Finnish entomology and particularly for the insect collections at the end of the 19th century was John Sahlberg (1845-1920). He collected many more insects than anybody else, and he described hundreds of new species. He made expeditions to various parts of Finland, to Russian Karelia, Siberia, the Mediterranean area, and to Central Asia. Furthermore, during his work as assistant professor at the museum he united the many previously separate collections, thus facilitating their use. John Sahlberg was also an inspiring teacher, who attracted many students. The most international acclaim would later be given to Bertil Poppius (1876-1916), Walter Mikael Axelson (later Linnaniemi) (1876-1953) and Antti Silfvenius (later Siltala) (1878-1910); Poppius specialized in Coleoptera, Axelson in Collembola and Silfvenius in Trichoptera. They collected large numbers of insects for their studies and gave material to the museum. Many others also received guidance from Sahlberg, and many of them collected insects at least while university students, in some cases afterwards, too. We should at least mention Aulis Westerlund (1870-1898), who mainly collected Hymenoptera, Johan Emil Aro (1874-1928), who studied Ephemeroptera, and Karl Emil Stenroos (later Kivirikko) (1879-1947). Many of Sahlberg’s students made collecting trips within Finland, with some going even further, for instance to Siberia and Central Asia. Sahlberg’s type specimen (the original specimen from which he made the description of a new species) where chosen to be a pilot project for digitizing insect specimen at the Finnish Museum of Natural History. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11604/FMNH___MZH__Coleoptera_Fennica___GZ_95_001.html?s tart=1783&query=provider_aggregation_edm_dataProvider%3A%22Finnish+Museum+of+Natural+History% 22&qf=sahlberg&startPage=1777&rows=12 Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name, type status, collector, locality (continent, country, area description), notes, reference
p. 33
Notebooks Finnish Museum of Natural History keeps about three hundred collection notebooks that include data relating to the older parts of the insect collections of the museum. These entomological notebooks are basically catalogues containing sample numbers and collection data about insect specimens. Back in the time of ink pen it was impossible to fit much data on small hand-written labels that were put to the same needle with insect samples, so a separate notebook for recording sample data was kept. Data included at least collector's name, collection date and locality. In addition, information on possible host plant, method of collection, hatching date of specimens collected as eggs or larvae etc. could be recorded. Notebooks can also include quite detailed information about the geology, soil characteristics and weather conditions of the collection locality, as well as other habitat details. One can also find hand drawn maps, excursion budget calculations and different kinds of descriptions of the collection events and other happenings. The oldest notebooks date back to 1860's and include collection data of several entomologists in one book. However, most of the books are personal notebooks of one collector, whether a professional entomologist or a hobbyist collector. Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11604/FMNH___n3_014___12839.html?query=provider_aggregat ion_edm_dataProvider%3A%22Finnish+Museum+of+Natural+History%22&qf=diptera&start=18&startPage= 1&pageId= Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name (higher taxa), collector, biotope, locality (country, area, area description), notes
Luomus_bonsdorff This collection is a true butterfly collection, which consists of 900 butterfly species and approximately 13 200 specimens. Doctor of medicine and surgery Robert von Bonsdorff (1907 - 1992) endowed his original, 10 393 specimens comprising collection to Lahti City Museum. Museum conservator Jorma Kuusinen replenished the collection to its current size. The collection is now owned by the Finnish Museum of Natural History. Most of the collection has been collected from the Lahti region and Tavastia australis. In addition the collection includes species from Lapland and the south coast of Finland. - future plan, about 12000 images
Paleontology The paleontological collection of the Finnish Museum of Natural History comprises of fossil specimens of plants and invertebrate and vertebrate animals. The collection spans from the Precambrian to the Quaternary. The specimens derive mainly from Eurasia, but other continents are also represented. Ordovician invertebrate fossils from Åland Islands have a special status in the collection. Other interesting assemblages are for instance a large trilobite collection donated by A.J. Mela (1846-1904), a cave bear collection from Odessa donated by Alexander von Nordmann (1803-1866), as well as mammoth bones and teeth from Siberia collected by Kai Donner (1888-1935). Several images per specimen are provided.
p. 34
Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name (higher taxa), time period, locality (country, area, area description), notes
Example in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11604/FMNH___Fossil_specimens_of_the_Finnish_Museum_of_N atural_History___12675_IMG_3.html?query=provider_aggregation_edm_dataProvider%3A%22Finnish+Mus eum+of+Natural+History%22&qf=fossils&start=1089&startPage=1081&pageId=
3.12 Natural history museum at University of Tartu (UT-NHM)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted Natural history museum at University of Tartu was founded in 1802. Geological collections are one of the oldest among them. For today altogether 81 000 items belong to the paleontological, mineralogical, lithological and meteorite collections. For 2013 17795 items are digitalized. Collection includes material from recent expeditions as well as old historical collection from Estonia and Russian Empire. Zoological collections includes 89 000 specimens of vertebrates and ca 300 000 specimens of molluscs and insects, collections of eggs and bird skins (ca 25 000 specimens). 10977 images of insects and birds are available for users. UT-NHM in Europeana: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=DATA_PROVIDER%3A%22University+of+Tartu%2C+Na tural+History+Museum%22&qf=PROVIDER%3A%22OpenUp!%22 Additional information on multimedia object in metadata: scientific name
3.13 Zoological Research Museum Alexander König, Bonn (ZFMK)
Metadata provision to Europeana: restricted
Zoology The Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig – Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity is an independent foundation under public law and one of 86 scientifically, legally and economically independent research institutes and scientific service facilities of the Leibniz Association. The ZFMK is one of the largest natural-history-research museums in Germany. The museum has earned its reputation as a leader in the documentation, research, and interpretation of biodiversity. The important scientific collections focus on terrestrial vertebrates and insects.
DORSA 1.) A virtual museum of grasshoppers, crickets and katydids – DORSA (Digitised Orthoptera Specimens Access - www.dorsa.de) is a specimen-based multimedia database managing Orthoptera songs, voucher specimens, and pictures of type material held in German museums and private sound archives. All multimedia information is accessible as a “virtual museum”. Recordings, images and specimens are geo-referenced, all data and media available via the SYSTAX database (www.biologie.uni-ulm.de/systax/ in future SysTax.org) and connected to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org). The ZFMK was the leading institute for organising the DORSA project running from 2000–2003 with support by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Science and for digitising the specimen data and processing the multimedia objects.
p. 35
Example in Europeana: http://europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Velarifictorus+acutilobus+&rows=24 2.) Sound archive of grasshopper, cricket and katydid songs – Analog and digital recordings from private phonotheks were digitised as lossless wave-files, data-based, and the metadata integrated into the DORSA database since 2000. Major providers were Braun, Heller, Ingrisch, Nischk and Schmidt. The digitised recordings are managed by ZFMK and in full resolution available via SYSTAX. All recordings are linked to a voucher specimen and thus to the taxonomic information and the geographic occurrence data. Some recordings were digitised with recording frequencies of up to 250 kHz, allowing the analysis of ultrasonic Tettigoniidae songs. All sounds are provided with extensive annotations on specimens recorded, locality, recording conditions, recording equipment etc. All metadata are accessible via SYSTAX and also embedded as Soundminer tags in the wave files. Meanwhile the sound archive increased to over 9000 Orthoptera songs of fully identified specimens from 550 species. The DORSA sound archive is thus one of the major collection of Orthoptera songs worldwide. All recordings have also been converted to mp3 according to the Europeana specifications and are / will be available via Europeana. The following Metadata are / will be available on Europeana: scientific name, higher classification, specimen_ID of voucher specimen, gender and stage, type status if any, country, locality, geographical coordinates, author of identification, author of recording, date of recording, time of recording, temperature, light conditions during recording, recording equipment, sampling frequency, filtering, notes. Example in Europeana: http://europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Hueikaeana+directa&rows=24
The Verkest Archive17 Between 1955 and 2003 the self-taught insect photographer José Verkest (1917-2005) took about 126,000 pictures of arthropods, identified them and recorded the date and time of each picture. The Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander König in Bonn, Germany made it a project digitising the archive. Due to its size, the collection was divided into two batches of about 63,000 pictures each, the first batch being digitised at present and presumably available by autumn or winter 2012. Most of the pictures taken during those 48 years show insects or spiders and were taken in different regions of Europe, mainly Germany, Belgium, Hungary, Italy, France and Spain. Beside the mere record of a taxon, a date and a place, José Verkest also wrote down his observations on the development and interactions of arthropods, thus producing about 5.600 handwritten pages contained in 26 diaries not yet digitised. Coleoptera type specimens at ZFMK The ZFMK houses an insect collection rich in type specimens. The Coleoptera (beetles) collection houses types of 2143 names, of which about half (1078) are represented by supposedly primary types (holo- and lectotypes). The data of those types have been digitized and the type specimens photographed. The images of the type specimens and the corresponding metadata are provided via Europeana. This dataset also includes images of type specimens of some other insect orders (e.g. Hymenoptera). Furthermore, ZFMK will add around 500 butterfly and moth type specimens of the Zoological Research Museum Alexander König in Bonn, as another component of the GloBIS data source.
17From C4.3.1 Operational content provision (zoology), first report http://open-up.eu/sites/open- up.eu/files/C4%203%201_Operational_content_provision_v3_final_b%20%282%29.pdf
p. 36
Example in Europeana (from Hymenoptera collection): http://europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Evylaeus+sakagamii+&rows=24 Following Metadata are available on Europeana: scientific name, locality (continent, country, area description, coordinates), gathering (agent, time)
4. Content in the pipeline
Data sets available in the BioCASe Monitor Software might not be presented in Europeana as they were not included in a harvest yet or since the display of data in the portal is delayed only in the last ingest. Multimedia objects from different MfN collection were e.g. included in the last harvest. Images from flies (Diptera), millipedes (Myriapoda) and from fossil invertebrates will soon be visible on the Europeana web site (see MfN description of content for detailed information). Almost 15.000 images from grasshoppers were successfully test-harvested and will be included in the next Europeana harvest. RMAC also mobilized new content: images of mantises (Mantodea) and amphibian types will be included in the next harvest (see RMCA description of content). With support of the BioCASe and OpenUp! helpdesk, ZFMK staff investigated different mapping problems. A test harvest of all their data sets was already initiated. The data sets should be included in the next harvest und will yield various grasshopper sound snippets and hopefully the full data set of images from the beetle collection (see ZFMK description of content). Further important objects still in the mobilization pipeline of a respective institute are included in their respective content description in Chapter 3.
5. Outlook
Today almost 1.5 Million natural history objects provided by the OpenUp! project (WP4 & WP5) are available in the Europeana portal18. Thus the goal of 1.1 Million objects was already achieved although the content of the last Europeana ingests, which should be visible before project ends, is not yet included. Until the last publication of the OpenUp! content in Europeana, all data were shown in the Europeana Semantic Element (ESE) format. Now the GloBIS collection (MfN) and HERBARWU (University of Vienna, Institute for Botany) are given in Europeana Data Model (EDM). This amendment allow e.g. the display of several images per item and include in addition to the scientific, also the common names (section: subject) of species19. These metadata enrichments will be available for the whole OpenUp! content in March, as the all data sets will now be ingested in EDM format.
18 OpenUp! content in the Europeana Portal http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=*:*&qf=PROVIDER:OpenUp! 19 GloBIS in EDM in Europeana http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11609/GLOBIS_MFN_GERMANY_1134.html?start=45&query=DAT A_PROVIDER%3A%22GloBIS+%2F+Museum+f%C3%BCr+Naturkunde+Berlin%22&qf=PROVIDER:%22OpenUp! %22&startPage=37&rows=12
p. 37
Most of the consortium partners completed their content provision for now and therewith for the project time. However, various institutions might mobilize more multimedia object in the future which will of course be available for Europeana and other portals. Dialogues on how a sustainable content provision might operate already took place during 6thOpenUp! Steering Committee Meeting 2013 and 34th CETAF Meeting 201320. Additionally the responsibilities for particular infrastructures of the project are going to be clarified in the OpenUp! Memorandum of Understanding. A first draft was already discussed and agreed from the Steering Committee in December 2013. Beside an ongoing data provision to Europeana, the OpenUp! mechanism can also be used to make the content available for national portals. There was already a first approach with the Deutsche Digitale Biobliothek21 (German portal for cultural and scientific heritage) who is really interested in the content from German partners in the OpenUp! consortium. First discussions in order to establish an appropriate crosswalk from ABCD (EFG) to their mapping format LIDO22 already took place. MfN has signed the DDB Cooperation Agreement and can deliver multimedia objects as soon as the technical background is clarified. Due to this sustainable data provision infrastructure also new partners may join the consortium after the projects end. The British Library e.g. was very interested in providing multimedia object, but had to postpone the data mobilization for Europeana due to priority reasons. However they might be still interested to use the OpenUp! channel in future.
20 See OpenUp! Component C1.5.3 – EUROPEANA and CETAF 21 Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/ 22 LIDO metadata schema http://network.icom.museum/cidoc/working-groups/data-harvesting-and-interchange/what-is-lido/
p. 38
6. List of References
6.1 Publications
Hirschfeld 2013 OpenUp! Component C1.5.3 Europeana and CETAF (will soon be available on the web site) Hoffmann & Hirschfeld 2013: OpenUp! C4.3.1 – Operational content provision (zoology), review and second report http://open-up.eu/sites/open-up.eu/files/C432_Operational_content_provision_MfN_v2a.pdf Hoffmann 2012: OpenUp! C 4.3.1 Operational content provision (zoology), first report http://open-up.eu/sites/open- up.eu/files/C4%203%201_Operational_content_provision_v3_final_b%20%282%29.pdf Opening up the Natural History Heritage for Europeana, CIP-Best –Practice-Network: Annex I Description of Work
6.2 Web sites
BioCASe Monitor Software http://edit.africamuseum.be/biocasemonitor/ Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/ LIDO metadata schema http://network.icom.museum/cidoc/working-groups/data-harvesting-and-interchange/what-is-lido/ OpenUp! content in the Europeana Portal http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=*:*&qf=PROVIDER:OpenUp! GloBIS data set in EDM in Europeana http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/11609/GLOBIS_MFN_GERMANY_1134.html?start=45&query=DAT A_PROVIDER%3A%22GloBIS+%2F+Museum+f%C3%BCr+Naturkunde+Berlin%22&qf=PROVIDER:%22OpenUp! %22&startPage=37&rows=12
p. 39