DOCSLIB.ORG

The Discovery of the So-Called New Race in Egypt.-About Two Years Ago We Noticed in These Columns Mr

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Discovery of the So-Called New Race in Egypt.-About Two Years Ago We Noticed in These Columns Mr -- -- - - -- The Discovery of the So-called New Race in Egypt.-About two years ago we noticed in these columns Mr. Flinders Petrie's discovery of remains which he attributed to a race that had invaded Egypt about the twelfth dynasty, and which he believed were of Libyan stock. Dr. D. G. Brinton speaks in Science as follows of recent conclusions about this dis- covery : "Since then there has been .considerable discussion of the subject. the general trend of which was in favor of Petrie's view. Dr. G. Schweinfurth, however, in the Verha?zdlungsn of the Berlin Anthropological Society for January, attacks this theory, and claims that the remarkable stone artefacts unearthed in the tombs of the 'new race' are such as are made to-day by the Ababde in the Thebais. He is inclined to the belief that the ancestors of these tribes in prehistoric times were the so-called 'new race' and came from the Bedcha stock. near the coast of the Red Sea. There are, however, a number of facts overlooked by Schweinfurth, which indicate that the 'new race' were con- querors of an older Egyptian civilization ; nor is it likely that the Bedchas would have occupied so exclusively the left bank of the Nile, when their homes were east of its right bank. Petrie's supposition is still the most probable of any offered." NAQADA AND BALLAS. DIRECTOR'S LIBRARY ORIENTAL INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO W. M. FLINDERS PETRIE, D.C.L., LL.D., EDWARDS PROFESSOR OF EGYPTOLOGY IN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON; VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE ROYAL ARCHWOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, LONDON; MEMBER OF THE IMPERIAL GERMAN ARCHWOLOGICAL INSTITUTE ; MEMBER OF THE SOCIETY OF NORTHERN ANTIQUARIES; AND J. E. QUIBELL, B.A. WITH CHAPTER BY F. C. J. SPURRELL. LONDON: BERNARD QUARITCH, 15, PICCADILLY, W. I 896. LONDON : PRINTED RY WILLIAII CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHABING CROSS. CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION . (P.) SECT . PAGE 23 . Wavy-handledvases .... I1 SECT . PAGE 24 . Red and black pottery ..... 12 i . The site of work ..vii 25. Decorated pottery ..... I2 ii . Organisation of work ..vii 26 . Late pottery ........ 12 iii . The record of results . viii 27 . Incised and white-painted pottery ... iv . Assistailce in England . x i3 28 . Positionsofpottery ....... 13 29. Human figures ...... ..13 CHAPTER I . (Q.) 30. The game ........... i4 31. Ivory and maces ...... I4 32 . Copper objects ...... ..14 I . Around Deir ......... I 33 . Lamps ......... 14 2 . Work at Ballas ......... I 3. The North Town ........ 2 CHAPTER IV. (Q.) 4 . Burials in North Town . 2 5 . Mastabas of IVth-VIth dynasties . 3 SELECTEDGRAVES OF THE NEW RACE.BALLAS . 6 . Contracted burials of IVth dynasty . 3 34 . Graves drawn. Pls . 111-V 7. Staircase tombs ......... 3 ..... CHAPTER I1. (Q.) CHAPTER V . (Q.) 8. Details of staircase tombs. IVth dynasty . 4 36. Date of foreign burials ....17 g .....well tombs. IVth dynasty . 6 37. Summary of burials found . 18 10. Burials in earth. IVth dynasty .... 7 11. Fasade tombs. XIIth dynasty .... 8 CHAPTER VI. (P.) 12. Inscription of Tahuti. XIIIth dynasty . 8 CEMETERYOF THE NEW RACE. NAQADA. THE DRAWNGRAVES . CHAPTER I11. (Q.) 38 . Nature of Graves . 18 PRODUCTSOF THE NEW RACE. BALLAS. 39. Graves with coffin. T . 4 . 18 40 scoopeci bones. T . 5 I 3. Discovery of the graves ..... ....19 I4. The course of excavation 41 ... T . I4 to NO. I . 263 .....20 42 . Grave 271. ivory figures 21 I 5 . Mutilation of the bodies . 16. Arrangement of graves . 43 . Graves 283-880 .........21 17. Slate palettes ... 18. Toilet objects ... CHAPTER VII. (P.) 19. Stone vases .... 20. Pottery making ... 21. Incised marks ... 44. Graves in R . cemetery ...... 22. The rough pottery . 45 .....T ... ...... n 2 . iv CONTENTS . SECT . PAGE SECT. PAGE 46 . Graves I to 286 . 24 82. Algerian dolmen skulls ..... 53 47 ... 326 to 878 ..26 83. Relation of New Race to Algerian skulls . 53 48 ... 1037 to 1488 ...... 27 84 . Nubt and Southern Town plan. P1 . LXXXV 54 49 ... 1507to1918 ...... 29 85 . The great cemetery plan. P1 . LXXXVI . 54 50 . Positions of objects ....... 29 86 . Weights .......... CHAPTER VIII. (P.) CHAPTER X . FLINr IMPLEMENTSOF NAQADA. By F. C . J . SPURRELI.. 5 I 30 . General system of burials ..... 87 . The Palzeoliths ....... .55 52. Treatment of skulls ...... 30 88. Implements of Alien Race .....5 5 53. Treatment of bodies g I . 89 . Large flake knives .........56 54 . Anthropophagy indicated . 32 go . Flat-worked knives ....57 55 Untenable suggestions 33 . ........ 91. Forked javelin heads .......58 92. Rings ...........59 CHAPTER IX. (P. & Q.) DESCRIPTIONOF PLAT.ES. CHAPTER XI. CONCLUSIONS. (P.) Maps. Pls . I. I A ........ Figures and games. Pls. VI. VII .... 93 . Extent of foreign invasion . Stone vases. Pls. VIII-XVII ..... 94. Separation from Egyptians . Local pottery. Pls . XVIII-XXIX .... 95 . Date of foreign occupation . Imported pottery. Pls. XXX-XXXVI . 96 . Expulsion of Egyptians .... Rough and later pottery. Pls. XXXVII- 97. Characteristics of the invaders . XLIII .......... 98. Connections with Syria ... Egyptian pottery. Pls . XLIV-XLVI ... 99. Western connections ..., Slate palettes. Pls. XLVII-L ..... roo . Libyan connections .... Marks on pottery. Pls. LI-LVII .... IOI. The Libyan invasions .... Beads. etc.. P1 . LVIII ....... 102. Libyans and Amorites ... Human figures. P1. LIX ...... 103 . Punicsettlements ..... Animal figures. P1. LX ....... Ivory carvings. Pls . LXI-LXIV .... CHAPTER XI1. Implements of copper. etc.. P1 . LXV ... NUBT. THE TOWNOF SET. Paintings on pottery. Pls . LXVI. LXVII . 104. Nubt. Ombos ...... Palzolithic flints. Pls . LXVIII. LXXVI . 105. Pyramid and Tumuli .... Nile gravel flints. Pis. LXIX. LXXVI . 106. IVth dynasty pottery .... Ballas desert flints. P1 . LXX ..... 107. XIIth dynasty remains ... New Race Town flints. P1 . LXXI .... 108. Gold measures ...... New Race grave flints. P1 . LXXII-LXXVI ~og. Building of XVI 11th dynasty . Stone implements. P1 . LXXV ..... IIO. Statue of Sennefer i . Ivory handle. and lintel of Tahutmes I. P1. I I I . XVIIIth dynasty tombs ... LXXVII .......... I I 2. XIXth dynasty burial ... Skulls of New Race. capacities. P1. LXXXIV I I 3. XIXth-XXth dynasty building . Female small skulls ....... Length and breadth ratio ...... Prognathous ratio ........ LIST OF PLATES. I. Map of Ballas and Naqada. LIX. Human fibaures. I A. Plan of cemeteries. LX. Animal figures. 11. Ballas cemetery. LXI, LXII. Ivory carvings. I I I-V. Ballas tomb plans. LXIII. Ivory combs and pins. VI. Human figures and skulls LXIV. Ivory carvings, etc. (Photograph). LXV. Implements of copper. VII. Games. LXVI, LXVI I. Paintings on pottery. VIII-IX. Hanging stone vases, ,H. LXVIII. Palzeolithic flints. High level. X-XII. Standing stone vases, S, 1-84. LXIX. Flints from High Nile gravel. XIII-XVII. Standing stone vessels, Egyp- LXX. Ballas Desert flints. tian, S, 101-188. LXXI. Flints from settlements, New XVIII-XXI. Black-topped pottery, B. Race. XXII-XXIV. Polished red pottery, P. LXXII-LXXIV. Flints from graves, New Race. XXV-XXVII. Fancy forms of pottery, F. LXXV. Stone implements, etc. XXVIII-XXIX. Red pottery with white lines, LXXVI, Flint implements (Photo- C. graph). XXX. Black incised pottery, N. LXXVII. Ivory handle ; and lintel from XXXI-XXXII. Wavy-handled pottery, W. Nubt (Photograph). , XXXIII-XXXVI. Decorated pottery, D. LXXVIII. Nubt ; Temple of Set. XXXVII-XXXVIII. Rough-faced pottery, R. LXXIX. Nubt ; foundation deposits, XXXIX-XLI. Later New Race pottery, L. tombs, measures, etc. XLII. Pottery from Ballas. LXXX-LXXXI. Nubt ; scarabs, seals, etc. XLIII. Carvings from Ballas. LXXXI I-LXXXIII. Naqada ; selected tomb plans. XLIV-XLVI. Egyptian pottery, IVth-XIIth 1,XXXIV. Diagrams of skull measure- dynasty. ments. XLVII-L. Slate palettes. LXXXV. Temple of Set Nubti, Pyramid, LI-LVI I. Marks on pottery. and South Town. LVIII. Beads, etc. LXXXVI. Naqada, cemeteries plan. NOTE ON PLATES. THE notation of the plates in this work has been may be numbered in the series. Then sub-varieties specially arranged for the facility of denoting dis- are lettered, in case any one wishes for very exact coveries in future, by means of the letters and description of a form ; but in general, for rough use, numbers here used. As a very full variety of forms the lettered sub-varieties can be ignored. This of pottery, &c., has been here drawn, these plates will system enables a number to be used without im- serve for the registration of most of the pottery of the plying too rigorous a similarity to the drawing, New Race that may be found in future researches. or having to express a form by saying that it is Each class of vases is therefore designated by a letter, equally like several different numbers. Thus, in which is put at the head of the plate, and given in the noting the contents of graves, in future it will suffice list of plates here (H, S, B, P, F, C, N, W, D, R, to mark a vase down as being H 33 or P 17 to define and L). Each general type is numbered, and the the type ; while letters can be added, if further numbers up to gg are dispersed over the whole class ; desired, as P 17d. This system will give the full so as to leave unused numbers where wide differences advantage of the use of such a corpus of forms as is exist in forms, that fresh types discovered in future here published. For a general view of the subjects noticed in this volume the reader is requested to turn to the full index at the end. INTRODUCTION. i. THE work described in this volume was conducted of a hitherto unsuspected invasion ; as this forms the partly by myself, and partly by Mr. Quibell ; but the ground-work of our historical view of the results, it whole of it lay within a few miles along the edge of comes first in this volume, in chapters I to V. After the desert, between Ballas and Naqada.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Petrie Museum of 'Race' Archaeology?
    Think Pieces: A Journal of the Joint Faculty Institute of Graduate Studies, University College London 1(0) ‘UCLfacesRACEISM: Past, Present, Future’ The Petrie Museum of 'Race' Archaeology? Debbie Challice [email protected] The essay makes the case that the Petrie Museum at UCL—a collection of objects from Egypt and Sudan comprising over 7,000 years of history from the Nile valley in northern Africa—is as much a museum of ‘race’ archaeology as Egyptian archaelogy. Tracing the relationship between slavery, racism and curatorial practices at museums, I excavate the lifelong beliefs of William Petrie in migration, racial mixing and skull measuring through objects such as the craniometer now housed at the Department of Statistical Sciences. The correlation of racialised groups and purported intelligence in Petrie’s work is examined, and I finally claim that his ideas need to be re-examined for an understanding of the Petrie Museum and their legacy within UCL today. ‘Race’, Archaeology, Museums, William Matthew Flinders Petrie, UCL Petrie Museum The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology at University College London (UCL) is made up of a collection of 80,000 objects from Egypt and Sudan that comprise over 7,000 years of history from the Nile valley in northern Africa. The museum is celebrated for its combination of objects, excavation and archival records, which give a unique insight into the ancient context of the collection as well as the work of the museum’s founding archaeologist William Matthew Flinders Petrie (1853-1942). These records also give an insight into the racially determinist viewpoints of Petrie and how he interpreted some of the objects in the museum according to ideas about race in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • How Ancient Egypt Became Common Knowledge to Britons, 1870-1922
    “The Glamour of Egypt Possesses Us”: How Ancient Egypt Became Common Knowledge to Britons, 1870-1922 Holly Polish A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in History Professor Katharine Norris, Faculty Director American University May 2009 Polish 1 Fun , a comedy magazine, reported on the 1896 “discovery” of an important papyrus, found in Egypt. 1 The papyrus depicts ancient Egyptians playing golf and wearing kilts and tams. It is a parody of paintings with which many are familiar, those in which figures are drawn alongside hieroglyphs relating a story. The included caption reports that the papyrus was examined by “experts on Egyptian matters” who “have all agreed that it deals, if not with golf itself, at least with a game of remarkable similarity.” 2 The writer continues and suggests that Scotland may want to reconsider its claim to the pastime. In that brief caption, the writer raises the point that the public relies on the work of “the Professor” and “experts on Egyptian matters” to decipher the ancient culture, and, furthermore, to decipher the origins of their own heritage. The satirist’s work depends on the British public’s familiarity with ancient Egyptian art and expression to be able to understand the joke. The parody in Fun was conceived in the context of an exciting period for study of Egypt, the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While travelers, scholars, and archaeologists developed precise methodology and were able to travel more easily, the study of Egypt, took on the title Egyptology and, like many disciplines, became formalized.
    [Show full text]
  • Worksheet Carter – Archaeology 2
    WORKSHEET CARTER – ARCHAEOLOGY 2 1. HOWARD CARTER’S DISCOVERY The Valley of the Kings area between the finds into squares on a map. This meant he could record every excavation that The Valley of the Kings is on the west bank of the had taken place and all the finds. After five years, Nile, opposite the ancient city of Thebes. Thebes almost the whole area had been investigated, is called Luxor today and was the official residence and only the unexplored land by the ancient of the pharaohs. The city of the dead (necropolis) builders’ huts at the entrance to the tomb of on the west bank was one of the most important Ramesses VI was left. That’s where the excavation burial places of Ancient Egypt during the time team searched during the last planned digging of the New Kingdom (18th–20th Dynasties, season. On November 4, 1922, Howard Carter 1550–1070 B.C.). Almost all the New Kingdom discovered some steps under the builders’ huts. Kings were buried there but only the tomb of He sent for Lord Carnarvon who came over from Tutankhamun was found almost untouched. England. On November 26, 1922, Carter opened the wall to the antechamber in the presence of Carnarvon, his daughter Lady Evelyn Herbert, and The discovery of the tomb by Howard Carter in 1922 Howard Carter first went to Egypt in September 1891 when he was 17. The British Lord Carnarvon later spent some time in Egypt too. This awoke his interest in Egyptology, and he had enough money to pay for excavations.
    [Show full text]
  • Hawass, Zahi. “Royal Figures Found in Petrie's So-Called Workmen's Barracks at Giza.”
    BES17 . BULLETIN OF THE EGYPTOLOGICAL SEMINAR STUDIES IN HONOR OF JAMES F. ROMANO VOLUME 17 2007 James F. Romano 1947-2003 STUDIES IN MEMORY OF JAMES F. ROMANO THE EGYPTOLOGICAL SEMINAR OF NEW YORK PRESIDENT Adela Oppenheim, The Metropolitan Museum ofArt VICE-PRESIDENT Phyllis Saretta TREASURER Stewart Driller EDITOR OF BES Ogden Goelet, Jr., New York University CO-EDITOR OF BES Deborah Vischak Columbia University MEMBERS OF THE BOARD: Matthew Adams, Institute ofFine Arts, New York University Susan Allen, The Metropolitan Museum ofArt Peter Feinman, Institute ofHistory, Archaeology, and Education Sameh Iskander David Moyer, Marymount Manhattan College David O'Connor, Institute ofFine Arts, New York University Copyright ©The Egyptological Seminar ofNew York, 2008 This volume was edited by James P. Allen BULLETIN OF THE EGYPTOLOGICAL SEMINAR (RES) VOLUME 17 2007 Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar (RES) VOLUME 17 (2007) CONTENTS Diana Craig Patch James F. Romano: Scholar, Colleague, and Friend 1-2 Daphna Ben-Tor Scarabs ofthe Middle Kingdom: Historical and Cultural Implications 3-27 Edward Bleiberg The Coffin ofWeretwahset/Bensuipet and "Scribal Errors" on Women's Funerary Equipment 29-46 Madeleine E. Cody An Unusual Faience Group Statuette in the Brooklyn Museum ofArt .47-60 Marianne Eaton-Krauss The Art ofTT 100, the Tomb ofthe Vizier Rekhmire 61-65 Biri Fay Padihor's Block Statue 67-81 Richard A. Fazzini Some New Kingdom Female Images 83-96 Zahi Hawass Royal Figures Found in Petrie's So-called Workmen's Barracks at Giza 97-108 Marsha Hill Hepu's Hair: a Copper-Alloy Statuette in the National Archaeological Museum, Athens 109-34 Jack A.
    [Show full text]
  • A Bridge of Curiosity and Conflict: How Egyptology Connected Europe and Egypt
    A Bridge of Curiosity and Conflict: How Egyptology Connected Europe and Egypt Departmental Honors Paper Jessica Burnette Burnette, 1 Outsiders in Egypt Egyptology has been a driving force of cultural clash and exchange in Egypt for a very long time. Even during the Pharaonic Period in Egypt itself, there were people who possessed a deep fascination for the nation’s past. It is hardly a surprise, then, that this fascination continued through time and spread to other nations and peoples. Egypt and its people have borne the brunt of the effects of this foreign fascination with their nation. This is especially true during and following the periods of major European influence in Egypt. Egyptology, even before it was officially called such, was both a major reason for and a way in which Europeans interacted with Egypt and its people. Egyptology acted as a sort of connective tissue between Egypt and Europe. Changes, both cultural and political, in one country would send ripples through that connection, which would then have an effect on the other. That is not to say that the connection was entirely equal. Europe was very much a colonial power in this relationship, and exerted more influence on Egypt than Egypt was often capable of matching in return. Despite the imbalance, neither side was left unchanged by the connection forged through Egyptology. In order to explore how Egyptology changed over time and affected Egypt and Europe, it is important to understand what exactly it is. To judge by the name alone, Egyptology would seem to be the study of every aspect of Egypt: its geology, culture, climate, languages, society, politics, and its entire history.
    [Show full text]
  • Rev. AH Sayce and His Intellectual Approach
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2007 A non-traditional traditionalist: Rev. A. H. Sayce and his intellectual approach to biblical authenticity and biblical history in late-Victorian Britain Roshunda Lashae Belton Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Belton, Roshunda Lashae, "A non-traditional traditionalist: Rev. A. H. Sayce and his intellectual approach to biblical authenticity and biblical history in late-Victorian Britain" (2007). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1655. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1655 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. A NON-TRADITIONAL TRADITIONALIST: REV. A. H. SAYCE AND HIS INTELLECTUAL APPROACH TO BIBLICAL AUTHENTICITY AND BIBLICAL HISTORY IN LATE-VICTORIAN BRITAIN A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Roshunda Lashae Belton B.A., Louisiana Tech University, 1999 M.A., Louisiana Tech University, 2001 December 2007 For my father, the late Roosevelt Belton who encouraged me to dream big and for my mother, Velma Belton for being my cheerleader ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of this dissertation could not have been achieved without the support and encouragement of my mentor and advisor Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Flinders Petrie
    HIS6E01-PRINCIPLES AND METHODS OF ARCHAEOLOGY MODULE-1 FLINDERS PETRIE PREPARED BY PRIYANKA.E.K DEPT OF HISTORY LITTLE FLOWER COLLEGE GURUVAYOOR Sir William Matthews Flinders Petrie 1853-1942 British archaeologist & Egyptologist Made valuable contributions to the techniques of excavation & dating A pioneer of systematic methodology in archaeological excavation Conducted solo expeditions & produced a book ‘Inductive Metrology’ 1877- he sought to determine the standard of measurement used by different ancient civilizations His collections made the Egyptian collection of British museum Conducted first scientific excavation of Egyptian antiquities Excavated many important archaeological sites in Egypt like Naukratis, Tanis, Abydos, Amarna & Merneptah Stele As a son of civil engineer & professional surveyor- began his professional life as a practical surveyor, self studying trigonometry & geometry His interest in ancient relics came up when he came into contact with the megalithic ruins such as stone henges in Southern England 1892- become Professor of Egyptology at University College,London After 2 years- founded ‘The Egyptian Research Academy’- which later became ‘The British School of Archaeology’ in 1905 Studied & excavated Great Pyramid of Giza- 1880-83 & analyzed meticulously 1884- discovered fragments of statue of Ramses II, ancient Egyptian king Excavation work continued along the Nile delta resulting in the discovery of the temple of Tanis, the sites at Naukratis & Daphnae Stated that both Naukratis & Daphnae were ancient
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeology and the Bible
    Archaeology and the Bible In recent years archaeological discoveries in the Near East, particularly in Palestine, have been related in one way or another to the Bible, often in an effort to prove its historical veracity. But newer field methodologies, regional surveys and creative syntheses have called into question this traditional approach. Archaeology and the Bible examines these new developments and discusses what they imply for biblical studies. The book: • traces the history of the development of Near Eastern archaeology, including the rise and fall of the so-called “biblical archaeology” movement • describes how field archaeology is actually done so that the reader can visualize how archaeological discoveries are made, recorded and studied • recounts the broader prehistorical/archaeological horizon out of which the Bible was born • elucidates how recent archaeological discoveries and theorizing pose serious challenges to the traditional interpretations of such biblical stories as the “Exodus” and the “Conquest” • explores the implications of new developments in the field for understanding Israelite religion. Archaeology and the Bible presents a concise yet comprehensive and accessible introduction to biblical archaeology which will be invaluable to students. John C. H. Laughlin is Professor of Religion and Chairman of the Department of Religion at Averett College. He has excavated at Tel Dan and served as Field Supervisor at the Capernaum excavations. Since 1989, he has been a Field Supervisor at Banias. He has published and lectured widely on the subjects of Near Eastern archaeology and the Bible. Approaching the Ancient World Series editor: Richard Stoneman The sources for the study of the Greek and Roman world are diffuse, diverse, and often complex, and special training is needed in order to use them to the best advantage in constructing a historical picture.
    [Show full text]
  • Science, Magic and Ancient Egypt in Late Victorian and Edwardian
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository SCIENCE, MAGIC AND ANCIENT EGYPT IN LATE VICTORIAN AND EDWARDIAN LITERATURE by ELEANOR DOBSON A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of M.A. by Research Department of English College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham September 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract This thesis investigates the ways in which science and magic were brought together in fiction of the fin de siècle concerning ancient Egypt, in the works of popular including Bram Stoker, H. Rider Haggard and Marie Corelli. Notions of authenticity and artifice, fact and fiction, antiquity and modernity collided in the late nineteenth- century metropolis, where London’s academic institutions, occult organisations and theatrical exhibits of Egyptiana sat side by side. Writers who lived in this central hub are examined in relation to this unique geographical space that encouraged a sense of intimacy between these concepts. The influence of scientific discoveries demonstrated in the city’s lecture halls, including remarkable electrical phenomena, and occult undertakings such as Spiritualist séances, are traced within literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting Petrie's Racism
    The Elephant in the Room: Confronting Petrie’s Racism Tristan Samuels (University of Toronto) [Review Essay: Challis, Debbie, The Archaeology of Race: The Eugenic Ideas of Francis Galton and Flinders Petrie. New York/London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. Hardcover; xiv + 272 pages; RRP CDN $69; ISBN: 978-1-78093-420-4] Egyptologists have recently begun thorough discussions of the overt racism of early Egyptology.1 Challis’ work is an important contribution to a growing discussion. This book, made up of ten chapters and foreword by Kathleen L. Sheppard, discusses the personal and academic relationship between eugenicist Francis Galton and Egyptologist William Flinders Petrie with an emphasis on the eugenic-thinking in Petrie’s intellectual and personal life. In addition, Challis places Petrie’s thought within the context of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century racial thinking. The historical context shows how Petrie’s eugenic-thinking was both in line and, in some cases, at odds with the overt racist academic views of his time. Challis shows that Petrie’s racist theories played a major role in the linking of anthropology, archaeology and, most notably, Egyptology through his archaeological interpretations. This book succeeds in demonstrating Petrie’s racism, but the deeper issues surrounding race and Kemet (ancient Egypt) in the works of Petrie and his contemporaries, which still impact Egyptology today,2 are not adequately addressed. The initial problem is that Challis misinterprets race. Challis correctly acknowledges that race is a social construct, but makes race and racism contingent on biology. Challis defines racist as: the point of view in which a biological concept of race is systematically used to be the main determining factor in explaining the actions and a characteristics of a person or a group of people (p.
    [Show full text]
  • An Evaluation of Flinders Petrie's Contribution to Archaeology
    Issue 49 Archaeological Heroes: An evaluation of Flinders Petrie’s contribution to Archaeology Heather Barrass1 1 Department of Archaeology, University of York, King’s Manor, York, YO1 7EP, UK [email protected] In this essay I will be critically evaluating the contribution of W. M. Flinders Petrie – a renowned British Egyptologist and pioneer of systematic methodology - to the field of archaeology. I will be focusing more specifically on the ways in which general archaeological practice and thought has changed over time in response to his work, along with briefly recognising and highlighting some of the criticism he has faced both posthumously and during his life–looking particularly at the overshadowing of Margaret Murray and her work as an Egyptologist and archaeologist. It can be argued with a considerable amount of support that “the whole attitude towards archaeology has undergone a complete change, due in large measure to the work of Flinders Petrie” (Murray, 1961:9). Some of his most noteworthy contributions include the surveying of prehistoric monuments in order to get a better understanding of their geometry. This led to his accurate survey of Stonehenge at the age of 19, which prompted further work and led to his surveys of the pyramids of Giza. However, Petrie’s most influential contribution to archaeology is perhaps his work with predynastic graves in Diospolis Parva, during which time he pioneered a new method of dating known as contextual seriation, and as a result began to teach archaeologists the importance and general need for context within archaeology to provide meaning and purpose. W.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Books in Our Collection
    Rare Books in the MIA Library A B C 1 Author Title Date 2 F.Max Muller The sacred books of the east (vol 9) 1900 3 William Hatchett The Adventures of Abdalla son of Hanif 1729 4 Jean Humbert Anthologie Arabe ,Ou Choix de Poeies Arabes 1828 5 Francisco Pons Boigues Apuntes Sobre las Escrituras Mozarabes Toledanas 1897 6 Baron Frederick Calvert Baltimore A Tour of the East 1767 7 Greenhill,William,Alexander A treatise on the Small-pox and measles 1847 8 Max Herz Bey Arab Museum catalogue of the National Museum of Arab Art 1896 9 Ploquin,M Catalogue des Anciennes Faiences 1896 10 Augustus Ralli Christians at Mecca 1909 11 Henry Otis Dwight Constantinople & Its Problems : Its Peoples,Customs ,Religions & Progress 1901 12 Gabriel Colin Corpus des Inscriptions Arabes et Turques de L'Algerie 1901 13 Gustave Mercier Corpus des Inscriptions Arabes et Turques de l'Algerie 1902 14 W. M. Flinders Petrie The Royal Tombs of The Earliest Dynasty part II 1901 15 Moritz Steinschneider Die Arabische literature der juden 1902 16 Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie Ehnasya 1905 17 Georges Bengesco Essai d'une Notice bibliographique sur la Question D'Orient 1897 18 Gaston Migeon Exposition des Arts Musulmans 1903 19 William Chaffers Gilda Aurifabrorum 1899 20 Albert Frederick Calvert Granda and the Alhambra : A brief description of the Ancient city 1904 21 Wilhelm Bode Vorderasiatische Knupfteppiche aus Alterer Zeit 1902 22 Roy, Presentee Relation nouvelle d'un Voyage de constantinople 1681 23 Tycho Brahe Astronomiae Instauratae Mechanica 1602 24 William Chaffers Hallmarks on Gold and Silver Plate 1896 25 D.
    [Show full text]