Colonization and Revolutionary War: Roanoke the Lost Colony
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Climatic Variability in Sixteenth-Century Europe and Its Social Dimension: a Synthesis
CLIMATIC VARIABILITY IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE AND ITS SOCIAL DIMENSION: A SYNTHESIS CHRISTIAN PFISTER', RUDOLF BRAzDIL2 IInstitute afHistory, University a/Bern, Unitobler, CH-3000 Bern 9, Switzerland 2Department a/Geography, Masaryk University, Kotlar8M 2, CZ-61137 Bmo, Czech Republic Abstract. The introductory paper to this special issue of Climatic Change sununarizes the results of an array of studies dealing with the reconstruction of climatic trends and anomalies in sixteenth century Europe and their impact on the natural and the social world. Areas discussed include glacier expansion in the Alps, the frequency of natural hazards (floods in central and southem Europe and stonns on the Dutch North Sea coast), the impact of climate deterioration on grain prices and wine production, and finally, witch-hlllltS. The documentary data used for the reconstruction of seasonal and annual precipitation and temperatures in central Europe (Germany, Switzerland and the Czech Republic) include narrative sources, several types of proxy data and 32 weather diaries. Results were compared with long-tenn composite tree ring series and tested statistically by cross-correlating series of indices based OIl documentary data from the sixteenth century with those of simulated indices based on instrumental series (1901-1960). It was shown that series of indices can be taken as good substitutes for instrumental measurements. A corresponding set of weighted seasonal and annual series of temperature and precipitation indices for central Europe was computed from series of temperature and precipitation indices for Germany, Switzerland and the Czech Republic, the weights being in proportion to the area of each country. The series of central European indices were then used to assess temperature and precipitation anomalies for the 1901-1960 period using trmlsfer functions obtained from instrumental records. -
1580 Series Manual
Installation Guide Series 1580 Intercom Systems The Complete 1-on-2 Solution 2048 Mercer Road, Lexington, Kentucky 40511-1071 USA Phone: 859-233-4599 • Fax: 859-233-4510 Customer Toll-Free USA & Canada: 800-322-8346 www.audioauthority.com • [email protected] 2 Contents Introducing Series 1580 Intercom Systems 4 Series 1580 System Components 4 1580S and 1580HS Kits 4 Audio Installation 5 Lane Cable Information 6 Wiring 6 Advertising Messages 7 Traffic Sensors 8 Basic Calibration and Testing 9 Self Setup Mode 9 Troubleshooting Tips 9 Operation 10 Operator Guide 11 Using the 1550A Setup Tool 12 Advanced Calibration and Setup 12 Power User Tips 12 1550A Configuration Example 13 Definitions 14 Appendix 15 WARNINGS • Read these instructions before installing or using this product. • To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose components to rain or moisture • This product must be installed by qualified personnel. • Do not expose this unit to excessive heat. • Clean the unit only with a dry or slightly dampened soft cloth. LIABILITY STATEMENT Every effort has been made to ensure that this product is free of defects. Audio Authority® cannot be held liable for the use of this hardware or any direct or indirect consequential damages arising from its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the hardware to check that it is suitable for his/her requirements and that it is installed correctly. All rights are reserved. No parts of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted by any form or means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without the written consent of the publisher. -
The Influence of the Irish Tudor and Stuart Plantation Experiences in the Evolution of American Colonial Theory and Practice
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1992 "This Famous Island in the Virginia Sea": The Influence of the Irish Tudor and Stuart Plantation Experiences in the Evolution of American Colonial Theory and Practice Meaghan Noelle Duff College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Duff, Meaghan Noelle, ""This Famous Island in the Virginia Sea": The Influence of the Irish udorT and Stuart Plantation Experiences in the Evolution of American Colonial Theory and Practice" (1992). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625771. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-kvrp-3b47 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "THIS FAMOUS ISLAND IN THE VIRGINIA SEA": THE INFLUENCE OF IRISH TUDOR AND STUART PLANTATION EXPERIENCES ON THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN COLONIAL THEORY AND PRACTICE A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY THE COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY IN VIRGINIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS BY MEAGHAN N. DUFF MAY, 1992 APPROVAL SHEET THIS THESIS IS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS AGHAN N APPROVED, MAY 1992 '''7 ^ ^ THADDEUS W. TATE A m iJI________ JAMES AXTELL CHANDOS M. -
Outdoor Theatre in North Carolina Lagniappe
* Lagniappe *Lagniappe (lan-yap, lan yap ) n. An extra or unexpected gift or benefit. [Louisiana French] William Joseph Thomas, Assistant Director for Collections and Scholarly Communications, Joyner Library, East Carolina University From “The Lost Colony” to “Unto These Hills”: Outdoor Theatre in North Carolina ummertime is high season for outdoor dramas, and North Carolina has a rich history of Sthem. Many NC natives have at- tended a production of “The Lost Colony” in Manteo or “Unto These Hills” in Cherokee. Other outdoor dramas in our state include “Strike at the Wind,” in Pembroke; “Horn in the West,” in Boone; “Tom Dooley: A Wilkes County Legend,” in Wil- kesboro; “First for Freedom,” in Halifax; and “From this Day Forward,” in Valdese. Shakespeare has his place in North Carolina too, from Ashe- ville’s Montford Park Players to Wilm- ington’s Cape Fear Shakespeare. The first, and arguably best-known, of North Carolina’s outdoor dramas is “The Lost Colony.” Written by Pu- litzer prize-winning NC native Paul Figure 1: Andy Griffith in the The Lost Colony, 1950, from Joyner Library Digital Collections, Green to commemorate its 350th an- http://digital.lib.ecu.edu/34133. niversary, “The Lost Colony” tells the story of the intended settlement of Colony” has entertained millions of around Robeson County from 1864 1587 and subsequent disappearance audience members and provided op- to 1872.3 Written by NCCU profes- of the 117 English colonists, includ- portunity for some 5,000 actors, in- sor of drama Randolph Umberger, ing Virginia Dare, first English child cluding favorite North Carolina son “Strike at the Wind” was performed born in the New World.1 Opening Andy Griffith. -
Spring 2020 Course Syllabus LDST 340 Late Medieval and Early Modern Leadership: the Tudor Dynasty Peter Iver Kaufman [email protected]; 289-8003
Spring 2020 Course Syllabus LDST 340 Late Medieval and Early Modern Leadership: The Tudor Dynasty Peter Iver Kaufman [email protected]; 289-8003 -- I’m tempted to say that this course will bring you as close as GAME OF THRONES to political reality yet far removed from the concerns that animate and assignments that crowd around your other courses. We’ll spend the first several weeks sifting what’s been said by and about figures who played large parts in establishing the Tudor dynasty from 1485. You received my earlier emails and know that you’re responsible for starting what’s been described as a particularly venomous account of the reign of the first Tudor monarch, King Henry VII (1485 -1509). We’ll discuss your impressions during the first class. You’ll find the schedule for other discussions below. We meet once each week. Instructor’s presentations, breakout group conversations, film clips, plenary discussions, and conferences about term papers should make the time pass somewhat quickly and productively. Your lively, informed participation will make this class a success. I count on it, and your final grades will reflect it (or your absences and failure to prepare thoughtful and coherent responses to the assignments). Final grades will be computed on the basis of your performances on the two short papers (800 words) that you elect to submit. Papers will be submitted by 10 AM on the day of the class in which the topics are scheduled to be discussed. For each paper, you can earn up to ten points (10% of your final grade). -
Early Colonial Life
Early Colonial Life The 16th century was the age of mercantilism, an extremely competitive economic philosophy that pushed European nations to acquire as many colonies as they could. As a result, for the most part, the English colonies in North America were business ventures. They provided an outlet for England’s surplus population and more religious freedom than England did, but their primary purpose was to make money for their sponsors. The first English settlement in North America was established in 1587, when a group of colonists (91 men, 17 women and nine children) led by Sir Walter Raleigh settled on the island of Roanoke. Mysteriously, the Roanoke colony had vanished entirely. Historians still do not know what became of its inhabitants. In 1606, King James I divided the Atlantic seaboard in two, giving the southern half to the Virginia Company and the northern half to the Plymouth Company. In 1606, just a few months after James I issued its charter, the London Company sent 144 men to Virginia on three ships: the Godspeed, the Discovery and the Susan Constant. They reached the Chesapeake Bay in the spring of 1607 and headed about 60 miles up the James River, where they built a settlement they called Jamestown. The Jamestown colonists had a rough time of it: They were so busy looking for gold and other exportable resources that they could barely feed themselves. It was not until 1616, when Virginia’s settlers learned to grow tobacco and John Smith’s leadership helped the colony survive. The first African slaves arrived in Virginia in 1619. -
Hclassification
Form No. 10-306 (Rev. 10-74) J, UN1TEDSTATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM FOR FEDERAL PROPERTIES SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS ____________TYPE ALL ENTRIES - COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS___________ | NAME HISTORIC Lane's New Fort in Virginia/Cittie of Raleigh AND/OR COMMON ~ Fort Raleigh National Historic Site ( \\ ^f I____________ LOCATION STREETS.NUMBER North end of Roanoke Island; 1 mile east of William B. Umstead Memorial Bridge on U.S. 64. —NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Manteo — VICINITY OF First STATE CODE COUNTY CODE North Carolina 37 Dare 055 HCLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE —DISTRICT ^.PUBLIC X-OCCUPIED —AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM _BUILDING(S) —PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED _ COMMERCIAL 2L.PARK —STRUCTURE _BOTH —WORK IN PROGRESS -^.EDUCATIONAL —PRIVATE RESIDENCE XsiTE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE JCENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —OBJECT _ IN PROCESS —YES. RESTRICTED X.GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED X_YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —NO —MILITARY —OTHER: [AGENCY REGIONAL HEADQUARTERS: (If applicable) National Park Service. Department of the Interior, Southeast Regional Office STREET 8» NUMBER 1895 Phoenix Boulevard CITY. TOWN STATE Atlanta VICINITY OF Georgia 30349 LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS, ETC. Dare County Courthouse/Register of Deeds STREET & NUMBER Courthouse Building CITY, TOWN STATE Manteo North Carolina 27954 TITLE DATE —FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY —LOCAL CITY. TOWN STATE DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —XEXCELLENT —DETERIORATED —UNALTERED X.ORIGINALSITE —GOOD —RUINS JCALTERED —MOVED DATE- —FAIR —UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The boundaries of Fort Raleigh National Historic Site include 159 acres. However, most of this acreage is either developed area, being managed as a natural area or the Elizabethan Gardens maintained by the Garden Club of North Carolina. -
The Frontiersman from Lout to Hero Notes on the Significance Ofthe Comparative Method and the Stage Theory in Early American Literature and Cidture
The Frontiersman from Lout to Hero Notes on the Significance ofthe Comparative Method and the Stage Theory in Early American Literature and Cidture J. A. LEO LEMAY XHROUGHOUTTHE seventeenth and most of the eighteenth centuries, the frontiersman was generally regarded as a shift- less outcast, a lout tending to criminality, a villain too lazy or too stupid or too vulgar to exist in society, and a traitor to the culture.1 Long before the concept ofthe frontiersman existed, men who adopted Indian customs were regarded with suspi- cion and fear by their white contemporaries. In Virginia in 1612, Sir Thomas Dale punished those who 'did Runne Away unto the Indjans' in 'A moste severe mannor.' 'Some he apointed to be hanged Some burned Some to be broken upon This paper in a slightly different form was read at the annual meeting ofthe American Antiquarian Society on October 19, 1977. • The only previous work I know that deals specifically with 'the emergence ofthe frontiersman as a heroic figure' is Jules Zanger, 'The Frontiersman in Popular Fiction, 1820-60,' in John F. McDermott, ed.. The Frontier Re-examined (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1967), pp. 141-53, where Zanger claims the heroic frontiersman emerged in response to ( 1 ) the popularity of Sir Walter Scott's Waverley novels; (2) 'the public acclaim won by Jackson's Kentucky rifleman at New Orleans'; (3) the pop- ular images of Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett; and (4) the character of Natty Bumppo in Cooper's Leatherstocking series of novels. All these influences, with the exception of the early fame of Daniel Boone, are later than eighteenth-century, the primary period that I am considering. -
The Planting of English America ᇻᇾᇻ 1500–1733
2 The Planting of English America ᇻᇾᇻ 1500–1733 . For I shall yet to see it [Virginia] an Inglishe nation. SIR WALTER RALEIGH, 1602 s the seventeenth century dawned, scarcely a three European powers planted three primitive out- Ahundred years after Columbus’s momentous posts in three distant corners of the continent landfall, the face of m uch of the New World had within three years of one another: the Spanish at already been profoundly transformed. European Santa Fe in 1610, the French at Quebec in 1608, and, crops and livestock had begun to alter the very land- most consequentially for the future United States, scape, touching off an ecological revolution that the English at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. would reverberate for centuries to come. From Tierra del Fuego in the south to Hudson Bay in the north, disease and armed conquest had cruelly win- England’s Imperial Stirrings nowed and disrupted the native peoples. Several hundred thousand enslaved Africans toiled on Caribbean and Brazilian sugar plantations. From Feeble indeed were England’s efforts in the 1500s to Florida and New Mexico southward, most of the New compete with the sprawling Spanish Empire. As World lay firmly within the grip of imperial Spain. Spain’s ally in the first half of the century, England Bu t North America in 1600 remained largely took little interest in establishing its own overseas unexplored and effectively unclaimed by Euro- colonies. Religious conflict, moreover, disrupted peans. Then, as if to herald the coming century of England in midcentury, after King Henry VIII broke colonization and conflict in the northern continent, with the Roman Catholic Church in the 1530s, 25 26 CHAPTER 2The Planting of English America, 1500–1733 launching the English Protestant Reformation. -
Commonlit | Settling a New World: the Lost Colony of Roanoke Island
Name: Class: Settling a New World: The Lost Colony of Roanoke Island By National Park Service 2016 The Fort Raleigh National Historic Site is dedicated to the preservation of England’s first New World settlements, as well as the cultural legacy of Native Americans, European Americans, and African Americans who lived on Roanoke Island. In 1585 and 1587, England tried its hand at establishing a colonial presence in North America under the leadership of Sir Walter Raleigh. The attempts were failures on both accounts but they would come to form one of the most puzzling mysteries in early American history: the disappearance of the Roanoke colony. As you read, take notes on what circumstances or mistakes might have put the English settlers at a disadvantage in creating a lasting colony. [1] "About the place many of my things spoiled and broken, and my books torn from the covers, the frames of some of my pictures and maps rotted and spoiled with rain, and my armor almost eaten through with rust." - John White1 on the lost colony of Roanoke Island 1584 Voyage In the late sixteenth-century, England’s primary goal in North America was to disrupt Spanish "John White discovers the word "CROATOAN" carved at Roanoke's shipping. Catholic Spain, under the rule of Philip fort palisade" by Unknown is in the public domain. II,2 had dominated the coast of Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Florida for the latter part of the 1500s. Protestant England, under the rule of Elizabeth I,3 sought to circumvent4 Spanish dominance in the region by establishing colonies in the New World. -
The Catholic Plots Early Life 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600
Elizabethan England: Part 1 – Elizabeth’s Court and Parliament Family History Who had power in Elizabethan England? Elizabeth’s Court Marriage The Virgin Queen Why did Parliament pressure Elizabeth to marry? Reasons Elizabeth chose Group Responsibilities No. of people: not to marry: Parliament Groups of people in the Royal What did Elizabeth do in response by 1566? Who was Elizabeth’s father and Court: mother? What happened to Peter Wentworth? Council Privy What happened to Elizabeth’s William Cecil mother? Key details: Elizabeth’s Suitors Lieutenants Robert Dudley Francis Duke of Anjou King Philip II of Spain Who was Elizabeth’s brother? Lord (Earl of Leicester) Name: Key details: Key details: Key details: Religion: Francis Walsingham: Key details: Who was Elizabeth’s sister? Justices of Name: Peace Nickname: Religion: Early Life 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 Childhood 1569 1571 1583 1601 Preparation for life in the Royal The Northern Rebellion The Ridolfi Plot The Throckmorton Plot Essex’s Rebellion Court: Key conspirators: Key conspirators: Key conspirators: Key people: Date of coronation: The plan: The plan: The plan: What happened? Age: Key issues faced by Elizabeth: Key events: Key events: Key events: What did Elizabeth show in her response to Essex? The Catholic Plots Elizabethan England: Part 2 – Life in Elizabethan Times Elizabethan Society God The Elizabethan Theatre The Age of Discovery Key people and groups: New Companies: New Technology: What was the ‘Great Chain of Being’? Key details: Explorers and Privateers Francis Drake John Hawkins Walter Raleigh Peasants Position Income Details Nobility Reasons for opposition to the theatre: Gentry 1577‐1580 1585 1596 1599 Drake Raleigh colonises ‘Virginia’ in Raleigh attacks The Globe Circumnavigation North America. -
We've Wondered, Sponsored Two Previous Expeditions to Roanoke Speculated and Fantasized About the Fate of Sir Island
/'\ UNC Sea Grant June/July, 7984 ) ,, {l{HsT4IIHI'OII A Theodor de Bry dtawin! of a John White map Dare growing up to become an Indian princess. For 400 yearS, Or, the one about the Lumbee Indians being descendants of the colonists. Only a few people even know that Raleigh we've wondered, sponsored two previous expeditions to Roanoke speculated and fantasized about the fate of Sir Island. Or that those expeditions paved the way Walter Raleigh's Lost Colony. What happened to for the colonies at Jamestown and Plymouth. the people John White left behind? Historians This year, North Carolina begins a three-year and archaeologists have searched for clues. And celebration of Raleigh's voyages and of the people still the answers elude us. who attempted to settle here. Some people have filled in the gaps with fic- Coastwatc.tr looks at the history of the Raleigh tionalized.accounts of the colonists' fate. But ex- expeditions and the statewide efforts to com- perts take little stock in the legend of Virginia memorate America's beginnings. In celebration of the beginning an July, the tiny town of Manteo will undergo a transfor- Board of Commissioners made a commitment to ready the I mation. In the middle of its already crowded tourist town for the anniversary celebration, says Mayor John season, it will play host for America's 400th Anniversary. Wilson. Then, the town's waterfront was in a state of dis- Town officials can't even estimate how many thousands of repair. By contrast, at the turn of the century more than people will crowd the narrow streets.