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ABBREVIATIONS EBU Technical Review

AbbreviationsLast updated: January 2012

720i 720 lines, interlaced scan ACATS Advisory Committee on Advanced 720p/50 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format Systems (USA) of 1280 x 720 pixels at 50 frames per second ACELP (MPEG-4) A Code-Excited Linear Prediction 1080i/25 High-definition interlaced TV format of ACK ACKnowledgement 1920 x 1080 pixels at 25 frames per second, .e. ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio 50 fields (half frames) every second ACM Adaptive Coding and 1080p/25 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format ACS Adjacent Channel Selectivity of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 25 frames per second ACT Association of Commercial Television in 1080p/50 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 50 frames per second http://www.acte.be 1080p/60 High-definition progressively-scanned TV format ACTS Advanced Communications Technologies and of 1920 x 1080 pixels at 60 frames per second Services AD Analogue-to-Digital AD Anno Domini (after the birth of Jesus of Nazareth) 21CN BT’s 21st Century Network AD Approved Document 2k COFDM transmission mode with around 2000 AD Audio Description carriers ADC Analogue-to-Digital Converter 3DTV 3-Dimension Television ADIP ADress In Pre-groove 3G 3rd Generation mobile communications ADM (ATM) Add/Drop Multiplexer 4th Generation mobile communications ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project ADR Automatic Dialogue Replacement 3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 ADR Digital 4-PSK 4-state Phase Shift Keying ADSL Asymmetric 422P@ML(MPEG-2) 4:2:2 Profile at Main Level AES Audio Engineering Society 8-PSK Eight-Phase-Shift Keying http://www.aes.org/ 8-VSB 8-state Vestigial SideBand AF Application Framing 8k COFDM transmission mode with around 8000 AF Automatic Fader carriers AFC Automatic Frequency Control 16-APSK 16-state Amplitude Phase Shift Keying AFD (DVB) Active Format Descriptor 16-QAM 16-state Quadrature AFS Alternative Frequency Switching 64-QAM 64-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation AFT (IPv6) Address Family Translation 256-QAM 256-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation AGC Automatic Gain Control agl Above ground level AHG Ad hoc Group A/D Analogue-to-Digital AIFF (Apple) Audio A/V Audio / (Visual) AIT Application Information Table AAC AKE Authentication and Key Exchange AAL ATM Adaptation Layer AL Alignment Level ABA African Area AL Application Layer ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (thermoplastic) ALM Algorithmic Module ABU -Pacific Broadcasting Union AM Amplitude Modulation http://www.abu.org.my/abu/index.cfm AMDS AM Data System AC Alternating Current AMS Asset Management System AC3 Audio Coding 3, known as AMSS AM Signalling System

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 1 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

AMT Automatic IP Multicast without explicit Tunnels AWGN Additive White Gaussian AMWA Advanced Media Workflow Association http://www.amwa.tv/ ANC B2B Business-to-Business ANFR Agence Nationale des Fréquences (France) B2C Business-to-Consumer http://www.anfr.fr/ BACOM Bundesamt für Kommunikation ANSI American National Standards Institute (Swiss broadcasting / telecom regulator) ANTS (RAI) Automatic Newscast Transcription System BAS Access Server AOB (DVD) Audio OBject BASS (audio library) AoIP Audio over IP: broadband audio http://www.un4seen.com/ AP Application BAT (DVB) Bouquet Association Table APG “As-run” Programme Guide BB Broadband BBC British Broadcasting Corporation API Application Programming Interface BC Broadcast APSK Amplitude Phase Shift Keying BCG (DVB) Broadband Content Guide ARD Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunganstalten der Bundesrepublik BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (code) Deutschland (German grouping of regional public BD Burst broadcasters) BDB British ARI Autofahrer Rundfunk Information BDP Delay Product ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses BDS (RAI) Digitisation System (Japan) BER Basic Encoding Rules ARPU Average Return Per User / Unit BER Bit-Error Ratio ARQ Automatic Repeat reQuest BEM Block Edge Mask AS Administrating Station BGA Ball Grid Array ASBU Arab States Broadcasting Union BGD Broadband Gateway Device ASCII American Standard Code for Information Inter- BIFS BInary Format for Scene description change BIOS Basic Input / Output System ASF () Advanced Streaming Format BISS (EBU) Basic Interoperable Scrambling System ASI Asynchronous Serial Interface BL Base Layer ASIC Application-Specific BLV Between Listener Variability asl Above sea level BMC (EBU) Broadcast-technology Management Com- mittee ASM “Any Source” Multicast BMC Broadcast Management Centre ASM Associated Module BMCO Broadcast Mobile Convergence Forum ASP (MPEG-4) Advanced Simple Profile http://www.bmcoforum.org/ ASR Automatic Speech Recognition BMP (Windows) image ASRC Asynchronous Sample-Rate Converter BNE Broadcast Networks Europe AST Auto-Store Tuning http://www.broadcast-networks.eu/ ATA Advanced Technology Attachment BoD Bandwidth ATIP Absolute In Pre-groove BoM Bill of Materials ATIS Alliance for Industry Solu- BPSK Binary Phase-Shift Keying tions (USA) BRR Bit-Rate Reduced http://www.atis.org/ BRS Binaural Room Scanning ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode BS Broadcast Server ATM Automatic Teller Machine BS Burst Spacing ATS Advanced Television System BSAC Bit Sliced ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee (USA) BSM Broadcast Schedule Manager http://www.atsc.org/ BSS Broadcast Service ATV Advanced Television BSS Business Support Service AU (MPEG) Access Units BSS(S) Broadcast Satellite Service (Sound) AV Audio-Visual BTF Broadcast Technology group AVC (MPEG-4) , part 10 (aka BTH Broadcasting To Handhelds H.264) BTV Broadband TeleVision AVI (Microsoft) Audio-Video Interleaved BUP (DVD) Back-UP of IFO files AWG Arbitrary Waveform Generator BWF (EBU) Broadcast Wave Format

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 2 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

BWS (DAB) Broadcast Web Site (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) http://www.cept.org/ CERN European Laboratory for Particle Physics (Gene- C/I Carrier-to-Interference ratio va) C/N Carrier-to-Noise ratio CERT (US) Emergency Response Team C/N+I Carrier-to-Noise-plus-Interference ratio CFI Confidence Interval CA Conditional Access CFR Crest Factor Reduction CABAC Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding CFS Call For Systems CAD Computer-Aided Design CFSM Co-design Finite State Machines CAPEX Expenditure CGC Complementary Ground Component CAR Computer-Aided Radio CGS Coarse Grain Scalability CAS Conditional Access System CGTI Conseil général des technologies de l’information CATV Community Television (French Council for Information Technology) CAVLC Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding CH97 Chester Frequency Agreement of 1997 CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CI Common Interface CBE Constant Bytes per Element CIE Commission Internationale d’Eclairage CBE Corrected Bit Errors http://www.cie.co.at/index_ie.html CBMS (DVB) Convergence of Broadcast and Mobile CIF Common Interchange Format (352x288 pixels) Services CIFS Common File System CBPS Coded Bit Per Symbol CIR Channel Impulse Response CBR Constant Bit-Rate CISPR Comité International Spécial des Perturbations CCD Charge-Coupled Device Radioélectrique CCETT (France Telecom's) Centre Commun d'Etudes de CLM Consistency Loudness Measure Télédiffusion et de Télécommunications CLUT (DVB) Colour Look Up Table CCFL Fluorescent Lamp CM (DVB) Commercial Module CCI Co-Channel Interference CMMB Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting CCI Common Client Interface CMOS Complementary Metal-Oxide CCIR (ITU) International Radio Consultative Committee CMS Content Management System CCITT (ITU) International Telegraph and Telephone CMTT (ITU) Joint Study Group for Television and Sound Consultative Committee Transmissions (CCIR/CCITT) CCM Constant Coding and Modulation CMYK Cyan-Magenta-Yellow-blacK (colour model) CCU Camera Control Unit CNCT National Technical Co-ordination Centre CCVS Composite Colour Video Signal CNET (France Telecom's) Centre National d'Etudes des CD Télécommunications CD-i (Philips) Interactive Compact Disc CNG (ITU) Coordination and Negotiation Group CDM Code Division Multiplex CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio CDMA Code Division Multiple Access COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex CDN Content Delivery Network COM (Microsoft) Component Object Model CDS Central Discovery Service CoP4 (Pro-MPEG) Code of Practice 4 CDS Content Directory Service CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture CE Commission Européenne (European Commis- COST European Cooperation in the field Of Scientific sion) and Technical research CE CPCM (DVB) Content Protection and Copy Manage- CEK (OMA) Content Encryption Key ment CELP Code-Excited Linear Prediction CPE Common Phase Error CEM Centre d’Ecoutes et de Mesures (Jurbise, Bel- CPG (CEPT) Conference Preparatory Group gium) CPM (ITU) Conference Preparatory Meeting CEMA Consumer and Electronics Manufacturers Asso- CPU ciation (USA) CQS Continuous Quality Scale CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation CR (convolutional) Code Rate CENELECEuropean Committee for Electrotechnical Stand- ardization CR Cognitive Radio http://www.cenelec.eu CR Commercial Requirements CEO Chief Executive Officer CRC (Canadian) Communications Research Centre CEPT Conférence Européenne des Postes et http://www.crc.gc.ca/ Télécommunications CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 3 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

CRI (TV-Anytime) Content Referencing Information DCB Data Centre Bridging CRID (TV-Anytime) Content Referencing IDentifier DCMES Dublin Core Metadata Element Set CRIT (RAI) Centro Ricerche e Innovazione Tecnologi- DCMI Dublin Core Metadata Initiative ca (Italian broadcast technology research centre) DCP Device Control Protocol http://www.crit.rai.it/ DCP Digital Content Protection LLC licensing group CRM Customer Relationship Management DCS Digital Cellular System CRT Cathode Ray Tube DCSR Digital Command Set for Receivers CSA (DVB) Common Scrambling Algorithm DCT Discrete Cosine Transform CSA Conseil supérieur de l’audiovisuel DDL Description Definition Language (French broadcasting regulator) DECT Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications CSC Common Signalling Channel DEMUX Demultiplex / Demultiplexer CSI Channel-State Information DF Don’t Fragment CSMA/CD DFS Digital Full Scale Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detect DFT Discrete Fourier Transform CSRC Contributing SouRCe DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol CSS Cascading Style Sheets DigiTAG Digital Action Group CSS (DVD) Content Scrambling System http://www.digitag.org/ CSV Comma-Separated Values DILA (JVC’s) Direct-drive Image Light CTA Clear-To-Air DIM DAB Information Module CTL Control Track, Longitudinal DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. (German in- CT-aacPlus dustry standards organization) (Coding Technologies) advanced audio coding DISEqC Digital Satellite Equipment Controller Plus DiVAN Distributed Video Archive Networks CTO Chief Technology Officer DJ Disc Jockey CTS (MPEG) Composition Time Stamp DLNA Digital Living Network Alliance CU Capacity Unit http://www.dlna.org/home CVF Common Virtual Frame DLP Digital Light Processing CVP (DVB) Commercial Video Player profile DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luftund Raum- CVS Concurrent Versions System fahrt (German aerospace research establish- CW Carrier Wave ment) CWA Common Watermarking Algorithm DLS (DAB) Dynamic Label Segment DLT Digital Library / Linear Tape DLTU Digital Library / Linear Tape Unit DM Descriptive Metadata D/A Digital-to-Analogue DMA Direct Memory Access D-QPSK Differential – QPSK DMB Digital Multimedia Broadcasting DA Digital-to-Analogue http://www.t-dmb.org/ DAB Broadcasting (Eureka-147) http://www.worlddab.org/ http://www.worlddab.org/ DMB-A DMB - Audio DAB+ DAB using the AAC codec DMB-T DMB - Terrestrial DAB-IP DAB - Internet Protocol DMBM Business Model DAC Digital-to-Analogue Converter DMD Digital Micro-mirror Device DAM DECT Authentication Module DMIF Digital Multimedia Integration Framework DAMA Demand Assignment Multiple Access DMM (AAF) Data Model Manager DASA Daimler-Benz Aerospace DMMS Digital Media Management System DAT Digital Audio Tape DMP DAVIC Digital Audio-Visual Council DMP Digital Media Project (Geneva) DAW Digital Audio Workstation DMS Descriptive Metadata Scheme DB DataBase DMS Digital DBEG Digital Broadcasting Experts Group DMT Discrete Multi-Tone dBFS dB relative to digital Full-Scale DMZ De-Militarised Zone dBTP dB relative to digital Full Scale, measured with a DN Dialogue Normalization true DNS Domain Name System DBS Direct Broadcast(ing) by Satellite DNxHD (Avid) Digital Nonlinear extensible High Definition DC (codec) DCAB Digital Cable DoD (US) Department of Defense

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 4 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

DOM Document Object Model DTV DOP (EBU) Department of OPerations DUT Display Under Test DPCM Differential Pulse Code Modulation DV () compression format DPD Digital Pre- DVA Dynamic Visual Acuity DQPSK Differential Quadrature (Quaternary) Phase-Shift DVB Digital Video Broadcasting Keying http://www.dvb.org/ DR Danmarks Radio (Denmark) DVB-ASI DVB - Asynchronous Serial Interface DR (was Digital Audio Broadcasting – DVB-C DVB - Cable DAB) DVB-CSA DVB - Common Scrambling Algorithm DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory DVB-CM DVB - Commercial Module DRC Control DVB-DSNG DRCS Dynamically Redefinable Character Set DVB - Digital Satellite NewsGathering DRDB (UK) Digital Radio Development Bureau DVB-GEMDVB - Globally Executable MHP http://www.drdb.org/ DVB-H DVB - Handheld DRM DVB-IP DVB - Internet Protocol http://www.drm.org/ DVB-IPI DVB - Internet Protocol Infrastructure DRM30 DRM for the bands below 30MHz DVB-J DVB - Java DRM+ DRM for the higher frequency bands, up to DVB-MPEDVB - MultiProtocol Encapsulation 174MHz DVB-RC DVB - Return Channel DRM-CM DRM – Coding and group DVB-RCS DVB - Return Channel via Satellite DRM-DI DRM – Distribution Interfaces group DVB-RCT DVB - Return Channel via Terrestrial DRM Digital Rights Management DVB-S DVB - Satellite DRS Digital Radio by Satellite DVB-S2 DVB - Satellite, version 2 DRT Dynamic Range Tolerance DVB-SH DVB - Satellite to Handheld DS (TV-Anytime) Description Schema DVB-SI DVB - Service Information DS-SS Direct Sequence – Spread Spectrum DVB-T DVB - Terrestrial DSAT Digital Satellite DVB-T2 DVB - Terrestrial, version 2 DSB Digital Sound Broadcasting DVB-TM DVB - Technical Module DSCQE Double-Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation DVB-TS DVB - Transport Stream DSCQS Double-Stimulus Continuous-Quality Scale DVC Digital Video Cassette DSG (CableLabs) DOCSIS Set-top Gateway DVC Digital Video Coding DSIS Double-Stimulus Impairment Scale DVD Digital Versatile Disc DSL Digital Subscriber Line DVE Digital Video-Effects unit Forum: http://www.dslforum.org/ DVI DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer DVR DSLR Digital Single-Lens Reflex (camera) DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing DSM-CC Digital Storage Media – Command and Control DWH DataWareHouse DSM-CC UU DX Distance listening/viewing (DSM-CC, User-to-User) DxB Combination of DAB and DVB-T/DVB-H DSMCC Digital Storage Media Command and Control DSNG Digital Satellite News Gathering DSNV Digital Satellite News-Gathering Vehicle E-AC3 Enhanced AC3, known as Dolby Digital Plus DSO Digital Switchover Eb/No Ratio between the energy-per-useful-bit and the DSP Data Services Profiles spectral density of the noise DSP Digital Signal Processor / Processing Es/No Signal-to-noise ratio DSR Digital EBA European Broadcasting Area DTCP Digital Transmission EBU-TD EBU Technical Department DTD (W3C) EC Entrance Control DTG Digital TV Group (UK) EC (MXF) Essence Container DTH Direct-To-Home EC European Commission DTMB Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud DTS Digital Theatre Systems ECC (CEPT) Electronic Communications Committee DTT Digital Terrestrial Television ECC Error-Correcting Code dTTb digital Terrestrial ECC Extended Country Code DTTV Digital Terrestrial Television ECM Entitlement Control Message

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 5 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association ETRI Electronics and Telecommunications Research ECMS Electronic Copyright Management System Institute (Korea) ECN Electronic Communications Network ETS European Standard ECN (EBU) Expert Community on Networks and Infra- ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Insti- structure tute ECPs European Common Proposals http://pda.etsi.org/pda/queryform.asp ECU European Currency Unit EU European Union EDB Enhanced Digital Broadcasting Contour EVC (EBU) EuroVision Control centre EDFA Erbium-Doped fibre Amplifier EVM Error Vector Magnitude EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution EW Editing Workstation EDI Electronic Data Interchange EDL Edit Decision List EDTV Extended-Definition Television F4V An open container format for delivering synchro- EEP Equal Error Protection nized audio and video streams EEPROM Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Fsc Sub-carrier Frequency Memory FAC Fast Access Channel EFP Electronic Field Production FAQ Frequently-Asked Questions EHF Extremely FC Fast Convergence EICTA European Information, Communications and FC Fibre Channel Consumer Electronics Technology Industry As- FC Final Control sociation FCC Federal Communications Commission (USA) known as Digital Europe http://www.fcc.gov/ http://www.digitaleurope.org/ FCP (Apple) Final Cut Pro EId (DAB) Ensemble identifier FCSSAN Fibre Channel Switched Storage Area Network EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power FD Depth EIT (DVB) Information Table FDD Frequency Division Duplex EL Enhancement Layer FDDI Fibre-Distributed Digital Interface EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility FDM Frequency Division Multiplex EMM Entitlement Management Message FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access END Effective (or Equivalent) Noise Degradation FDTD Finite Difference Time Domain ENF Equivalent Noise Floor FEC Forward Error Correction ENG Electronic News Gathering FED Field Emission Display ENPS Electronic News-Production System FeRAM Ferroelectric RAM ENR (Former) Portuguese radio company (now RTP) FET Field Effect EON Enhanced Other Networks (RDS feature) FF Fast Forward EPG Electronic Programme Guide FFT Fast Fourier Transform EPM (DAB) Enhanced Packet Mode FGS Fine Grain Scalability EQ EQualization FhG-IIS Fraunhofer Gesellschaft – Institut für Integrierte ER-BSAC Schaltungen European Radiocommunications Committee of the CEPT FIAT Fédération Internationale des Archives de Télévi- sion (IFTA in English) ERC European Radiocommunications Committee of the CEPT FIB (DAB) Fast Information Block ERO European Radio Office of the CEPT FIC (DAB) Fast Information Channel e.r.p. Effective radiated power FIDC (DAB) Fast Information Data Channel ERP Effective Radiated Power FIFO Fast In, Fast Out ES (MPEG) Elementary Stream FIG (DAB) Fast Information Group ESA European Agency FiNE Fibre Network Eurovision ESG Electronic Service Guide FIR Finite Impulse Response ESG Event Schedule Guide FLOSS Free/Libre Open Source ESR5 Erroneous Second Ratio, 5% FM ET Envelope Tracking FMO Flexible Macroblock Ordering ETF Energy Time Frequency FMP4 (FFmpeg) MEncoder MPEG-4 ETI (DAB) Ensemble Transport Interface FOB Fresh Out of the Box ETN East of True North – the direction or bearing, in a FOM Figure Of Merit clockwise sense, relative to true north FP (MXF) File Package

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 6 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

FPAD (DAB) Fixed Programme Associated Data HBB Hybrid Broadband / Broadcast FPFD (MPEG) frame_pred_frame_dct HBBTV Hybrid Broadband / Broadcast Television FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array HbbTV Hybrid Broadband Broadcast Television FQDN Fully-Qualified Domain Name http://www.hbbtv.org/ FRR Fast Re-Route HBR High Bit-Rate FS Field Strength HCV Hue-Chroma-Value (colour space) FS Full Scale HD High-Definition FSN Full Service Network HD-MAC High-Definition – Multiplexed Analogue Compo- nent FSS Fixed Satellite Service HD-SDI High-Definition SDI FTA Free-To-Air HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection FTP File Transfer Protocol HDD FTTC Fibre To The Curb HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface FTTH Fibre To The Home HDPCM Hybrid Differential Pulse Code Modulation FWA Fixed Access HDSL High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line FWD (EU) FrameWork Directive HDTV High-Definition Television HE-AAC High Efficiency AAC HEO Highly-inclined Elliptical Orbit G/T Gain / Temperature ratio HF High-Frequency G(2)AWGN HFC Hybrid Fibre-Coax Gated (squared) AWGN HGI Home Gateway Initiative GaAs Gallium Arsenide http://www.homegatewayinitiative.org/ GaN Gallium Nitride HH Households GAQ Gain Adaptive Quantization HHI Heinrich-Hertz-Institut (German R&D lab) GbE Gigabit HLP (H.263++) High Latency Profile GBS (DVB) Generic data Broadcasting & Service infor- HLS Hue-Lightness-Saturation (colour space) mation protocols HM (DVB-T) Hierarchical Modulation GE06 Geneva Frequency Plan of 2006 HMI Human-Machine Interface GE75 Geneva Frequency Plan of 1975 HMM Hidden Markov Model GE84 Geneva Frequency Plan of 1984 HNED End Device GE89 Geneva Frequency Plan of 1989 HNN Home Network GEO satellite HP High-Priority GI Guard Interval HP Horizontally Polarized GIF Graphics Interchange File HPA Health Protection Agency (UK) GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying http://www.hpa.org.uk/ GMT Greenwich Mean Time HPA High Power Amplifier GNU (operating system) HPT Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor http://www.gnu.org/ HQ High Quality GoP Group of Pictures HRTF Head-Related Transfer Function GPFS (IBM) General Parallel File System HSB Hue-Saturation-Brightness (colour space) GPI General Purpose Interface HSDPA High-Speed Downlink Packet Access GPR Ground-Probing Radar HSM Hierarchical Storage Management GPRS General Packet Radio Service HSUPA High-Speed Uplink Packet Access GPS Global Positioning System HSV Hue-Saturation-Value (colour space) GRIO Guaranteed Rate I/O (In/Out) HTML HyperText GSE Generic Stream Encapsulation HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol GSM Global System for Mobile communications HuMIDABHuman Machine Interface for DAB GSO Geostationary Satellite Orbit HVS Human Visual System GTK Graphical user interface Tool Kit HVXC (MPEG) Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding GUI Graphical User Interface HW Hardware GVG Grass Valley Group GVW Gross Vehicle Weight GXF I/F Interface I/O Input/Output I/Q In-phase/Quadrature

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 7 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

IAD Integrated Access Device IFLU Initial Full Line-Up IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IFO (DVD) Information for FOrmatting VOB files http://www.iana.org/ IFRB (ITU) International Frequency Registration Board IASA International Association of Sound Archives IFTA International Federation of Television Archives IB In-Band (FIAT in French) IB InfiniBand – a switched fabric communications IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol link IHDN In-Home Digital Network IBA Independent Broadcasting Authority (UK, but II Impulsive Interference now defunct) IID Inter-channel Intensity Difference IBAC In-Band Adjacent-Channel ILM Information Lifecycle Management IBC International Broadcasting Convention ILS Instrument Landing System http://www.ibc.org/ IMAX IMage MaXimum (film format) IBO Input Back-Off IMDA Internet Media Device Alliance IBOC In-Band On-Channel http://www.imdalliance.org/ IBU International Broadcasting Union iMP (BBC) interactive Media Player IC Integrated Circuit IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem ICC Inter-channel Cross-Correlation IMT International Mobile Telecommunications ICC International Colour Consortium IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications - 2000 ICI Inter-Carrier Interference IMUX Input Multiplexer ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol IMX (Sony) Interoperable Material eXchange ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radia- INA Institut National de l’Audiovisuel (France) tion Protection IOD (MPEG) Initial Object Descriptor http://www.icnirp.de/ IoN Interworking of Networks ICPM Incidental Phase Modulation IOT Inductive Output Tube ICRP International Commission on Radiological Pro- IP Intellectual Property tection http://www.icrp.org/ IP Intermodulation Product ICT Information and Communication Technologies IP Internet Protocol ID IDentification / IDentity / IDentifier IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 IDB Interactive Digital Broadcast contour IPD Inter-channel Phase Difference IDCT Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform IPDC IP DataCasting IDE Integrated / Intelligent Drive Electronics IPG (ITU) Intersessional Planning Group IDL Interface Definition Language IPI (DVB) Internet Protocol Infrastructure IDR Intermediate Data-Rate IPL Inner Physical Layer iDRM interoperable Digital Rights Management IPMP Intellectual Property Management & Protection IDS Insertion Data Signal IPR Intellectual Property Rights IPRM Intellectual Property and Rights Management IDS Intrusion Detection System IPsec Internet Protocol security iDTV Integrated Digital (or Decoder) TeleVision IPSEC Internet Protocol SECurity IEC International Electrotechnical Commission http://www.iec.ch/ IPTC International Press Telecommunications Council IEE Institute of Electrical Engineers (UK) IPTV Internet Protocol Televison http://www.iee.org/ IQ Inverse Quantizer IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IR Infra-Red (USA) IR http://www.ieee.org IRD Integrated Receiver/Decoder IEICE Institute of Electronics, Information and Commu- IRE A relative unit of measure (named after the Insti- nication Engineers (Japan) tute of Radio Engineers). One IRE equals 1/140th http://www.ieice.org/eng/index.html of the signal's peak-to-peak volt- IETF Internet Engineering Task Force . http://www.ietf.org/ IRQ Interrupt ReQuest IF Intermediate-Frequency IRT Institut für Rundfunktechnik GmbH (German IF-PDMD Independent Flux - Polyphase Downsampling broadcast technology research centre) Multiple Description http://www.irt.de/ IFA Internationale Funkausstellung (Berlin consumer IS Information Systems electronics exhibition) ISAN (ISO) International Standard Audiovisual Number IFB Interrupted Foldback ISC Internet Systems Consortium IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform http://www.isc.org/

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 8 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

ISDB Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting KLV (SMPTE) Key Length Value ISDB-T ISDB – Terrestrial kps kilometres-per-second ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network Ku band 12 to 18 GHz ISI Inter-Symbol Interference ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical ISMA Internet Alliance L/R Left/Right http://www.isma.tv/ LAN ISO International Organization for Standardization LAU Large-Area Uniformity http://www.iso.org LBR Low Bit-Rate ISOC Internet Society LC Layered Coding ISOG Inter-Union Satellite Operations Group LCD Liquid Crystal Display ISP Internet Service Provider LCOS Liquid Crystal On Silicon IST Information Society Technologies (European re- LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol search programme) LDMOS Laterally-Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor IT Information Technology LDPC Low Density Parity Check ITC Independent Television Commission (UK) LED Light Emitting ITCA Independent Television Companies Association (UK, but now defunct) LEO Low Earth Orbit satellite ITD Inter-channel Time Difference LEP Light Emitting Polymer ITE Institute of Image Information and Television En- LF Low-Frequency gineers (Japan) LFE (multichannel audio) Low-Frequency Extension http://www.ite.or.jp/eng/index.html LFN London Fibre Network ITS Insertion Test Signal LFN Long Fat Network ITS Intelligent Transport System LGPL (GNU) Lesser General Public Licence ITU International Telecommunication Union http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html http://www.itu.int LKFS Loudness, K-weighting, with reference to Full ITU-BR ITU - Bureau des Radiocommunications Scale ITU-D ITU - Development Sector LLP Limited Liability Partnership ITU-R ITU - Radiocommunication Sector LLU Local Loop Unbundling http://www.itu.int/publications/sector.as- LM Link Margin px?lang=en§or=1 LMD Light Meter Device ITU-T ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Sector LMDS Local Multipoint Distribution System iTV LNB Low-Noise Block IWAN Intelligent Wireless Area Network LNM Log-Normal Method IXP Internet eXchange Point LoS Line of Sight LP Low-Priority LRA Loudness RAnge JAVA Programming language for the WWW (developed LS (5.1) Left Surround by Sun Microsystems) LS Least Significant JDK Java Development Kit LS LoudSpeaker JESSI Joint European Sub-micron Silicon Initiative LSDI Large Screen Digital Imagery JIBS Joint Inserts Bank for Schools LSF Low Sampling Frequency JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group LSM Loudness Meter http://www.jpeg.org/ LSI Large Scale Integration JSP Java Server Pages LTE Long Term Evolution (4th generation mobile net- JSTL Java Standard Tag Library works) JSVM Joint Software Verification Model LTO Linear Tape Open JTC (ISO/IEC) Joint Technical Committee LTPS Low-Temperature Poly Silicon JTG Joint Task Group LU Loudness Unit JV Joint Venture LUFS K-weighted Loudness Unit with reference to digi- JVM Java Virtual Machine tal Full Scale JVT (MPEG/VCEG) Joint Video Team LVDS Low-Voltage Differential Signalling JWP Joint Working Party LW Long-Wave

Ka band 26.5 to 40 GHz M+S Mono and Stereo

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 9 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

M-HEO Multi-regional Highly-inclined Elliptical Orbit MMT Multi-Mode Terminal MAC Media Access Control MMX (Intel) Pentium-based chip technology MAC Multiplexed Analogue Component MMX (Microsoft) pentium-based chip for multimedia MAEVA Model for AssEssment of Video and Audio quality MNO Mobile Network Operator MAM Media Asset Management MoCA Multimedia over CoAx MAP Maximum A-Posteriori MOS Mean Opinion Score Mbaff Macroblock adaptive frame/field MOS Media Object Server MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service MOSAIC Methods for Optimization and Subjective Assess- MC Multi-Channel ment in Image Communications MCA Multi-Channel Audio MOSQUITO MCI (DAB) Multiplex Configuration Information Management Of Service QUality In Television MCP Motion-Compensated Prediction Operations MCPC Multiple Channels per Carrier MOT Multimedia Object Transfer MCS Multi-Channel MoU Memorandum of Understanding MD Multiple Description MO Magneto-Optical MDC Main Data Channel MP (MXF) Material Package MDC Multiple Description Coding MP3 Formerly known as “MPEG Layer II” MDCT Modified Discrete Cosine Transform MP@14 (MPEG-2) Main Profile at 1440 Level MDD (SMPTE) Managed Data Dictionary MP@HL (MPEG-2) Main Profile at High Level MDI Media Delivery Index MP@ML (MPEG-2) Main Profile at Main Level MDI (DRM) Multiplex Distribution Interface MPC Multimedia PC MDM Media Data Management MPE (DVB) Multi Protocol Encapsulation MDP Media Dispatch Protocol MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group MDTV Mobile Digital TeleVision http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/ MER Modulation Error Ratio MPEG-2/P@ML MER Modulus Error Ratio (MPEG-2) Professional Profile at Main Level MF Medium-Frequency MPEG-TS MPEG – Transport Stream MF-TDMA MPLS Multi Protocol Label Switching Multiple-Frequency Time-Division Multiple Ac- cess MPTS Multi-Programme Transport Stream MFCN Mobile and Fixed Communications Network MRC Maximum Ratio Combining (algorithm) MFN Multi-Frequency Network MRAM Magnetic RAM MGS Medium Grain Scalability MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MHEG Multimedia and Hypermedia information coding MRP Metro Ring Protocol Expert Group M/S Mono/Stereo http://www.impala.org/ MS (EU) Member States MHP (DVB) Multimedia Home Platform MSC (DAB/DRM) Main Service Channel MIB Management Information Base MSDP Multicast Source Discovery Protocol MID Mobile Internet Device MSO Mobile Service Operator MIFR Master International Frequency Register MSS Mean Subjective Scores MIG Mutually Incompatible Group MSS Microsoft Structured Storage MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension MSS Mobile Satellite Services MIP (MPEG) Mega-frame Initialisation Packet mips Million instructions per second MTA Mail Transfer Agent MIPS Million Instructions Per Second MTU Maximum Transmission Unit M-JPEG Motion - Joint Photographic Experts Group MTV ML Maximum-Length MUSE Multiple Sub-Nyquist sampling Encoding MLC Multi-Level Cell MUSHRA (EBU) MUlti Stimulus test with Hidden Reference MLC Multi-Level Coding and Anchors MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron Mux Multiplex MLR Media Loss Rate MUX Multiplex / multiplexer MMDS Multipoint Distribution System MV Motion Vector MMI Man-Machine Interface MVDS Multipoint Video Distribution System MMS Microsoft Media Server MVNO Mobile Virtual Network Operator MMS Multimedia Messaging Service MW Medium-Wave

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 10 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

MXF NRK Norsk rikskringkasting () NRPB National Radiological Protection Board (UK) NRZ Non-Return-to-Zero N/A Not Applicable / Available NRZI Non-Return-to-Zero Inverter NAA Netherlands Audiovisual Archive NTFS (Microsoft) Windows NT File System NAB National Association of Broadcasters (USA) NTSC National Television System Committee (USA) http://www.nab.org NVIS Near-Vertical Incidence Sky-wave NAL Network Abstraction Layer NVoD Near-Video-on-Demand NAN Network-Attached cluster Node NANBA North American National Broadcasters' Associa- tion (now NABA) O/P Output NAND Logical “Not AND” OB Outside Broadcast NAS Network-Attached Storage OBO Output Back-Off NAT Network Address Translation/Translator OBP On-Board Processing NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization OCAP OpenCable Application Platform (USA) NB Narrow-Band OCI Object Content Information NCC (EBU) News Conference Circuits OCLA Online Computer Library Center (USA) NCC Network Control Centre OCR (MPEG) Object Reference NCITS National Committee for Information Technology OCR Optical Character Recognition Standards (USA) OD (MPEG) Object Description NCR Network Clock Reference ODA Other Data Application NCSA National Centre for Supercomputing Applications ODG Objective Difference Grade NDA Non-Disclosure Agreement ODM Original Device Manufacturer NDC (EBU) Network Development Committee OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and De- NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface velopment NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System http://www.oecd.org/home/ NFS OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer NGN Next Generation Network OEO Optical-to-Electrical-to-Optical NHK Nippon Hoso Kyokai (Japan) OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex http://www.nhk.or.jp/ OHA Open Handset Alliance NIC Network Information Center http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/ NIC Network Interface Card OIPF Open IPTV Forum NICAM Near-Instantaneous Companding And Multiplex- OIR Organisation Internationale de Radiodiffusion ing OIRT Organisation Internationale de Radiodiffusion et NII National Information Infrastructure (USA) Télévision NISO National Information Standards Organization OLED Organic Light-Emitting Device (Diode) (USA) OM (AAF) Object Manager NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology OMA (USA) http://www.openmobilealliance.org/ NIT (DVB) Network Identification Table OMUX Output Multiplexer NITF News Industry Text Format OOB Out-Of-Band NIU Network Interface Unit OP (MXF) Operational Pattern NLE Non-Linear Editing OPAT (MXF) Operational Pattern Atom (OP-Atom) NLP Natural Language Processing OPD Overall Phase Difference NMS Network Management System OPEX Operational Expenditure NNTP Network News Transport Protocol OPL Outer Physical Layer NOB Dutch Broadcast Facilities Company N.V. OPPN Outdoor Peer-to-Peer Network NOS Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (Holland) OSGi Open Services Gateway initiative NPAD Not Programme-Associated Data ORF Österreichischer Rundfunk NPR National Public Radio (USA) OS Operating System NPT Normal Play Time OSD On Screen Display NPVR Network-based Personal Video Recorder OSI Open Source Initiative NR Noise Rating http://www.opensource.org/ NRCS NewsRoom Computer System OSI Open Systems Interface NRF (EU) New Regulatory Framework OSS Open Source Software

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 11 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

OSS Operations Support Service PiP Picture in Picture ORDB Object-Relational Database PKI Public Key Infrastructure ORDBMS Object-Relational Database Management Sys- PLC Power-Line Communication, also written PLT, tem BPL ... ORTF Office de Radiodiffusion / Télévision Française PLL Phase-Locked Loop OTI Organización de la Televisión Iberoamericana PLT Power-Line Transmission/Telecommunication, OWL Web Ontology Language (instead of “WOL”) also written PLC, BPL ... PLUGE Picture Line-Up Generation Equipment PM Phase Modulation P/E Program/Erase PMC (EBU) Production-technology Management Com- mittee p-p Peak-to-Peak PML Permitted Maximum Level P2P Peer-to-Peer pMOS predicted Mean Opinion Score PA Public Addressing PMP Portable Multimedia Player PA Power Amplifier PMR Personal Media Recording PAD Programme-Associated Data PMR Private Mobile Radio services Paff Picture adaptive frame/field PMSE Programme-Making and Special Events PAL Phase Alternation Line PMT (MPEG) Programme Map Table PAN Personal Area Network PND Portable Navigation Device PAPR Peak-to-Average Power Ratio PNG Portable Network Graphics PAT (MPEG) Programme Associated Table PoF Point of Failure PAYG Pay As You Go PoP Point of Presence PBX Private Branch Exchange PPA Primary Protected Area PCB Printed-Circuit Board PPG Planned Programme Guide PCF Portable Content Format PPM Peak Programme Meter PCI (Intel) Peripheral Component Interconnect PPP Per Priority Pause PCM Phase Change Memory PPP Point-to-Point Protocol PCM Pulse Code Modulation PQR Picture Quality Rating PCMCIA Personal Computer International Association PR Protection Ratio PCR (MPEG) Programme Clock Reference PRBS Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence PCS Profile Connection Space PS Parametric Stereo PD Pulse Duration PS (MPEG) Picture Structure PDA Personal Digital Assistant PS (SSCQE) Programme Segment PDC Programme Delivery Control PS Programme Stream PDE Personal Distributed Environment PS Pulse Spacing PDF (Adobe) Portable Document Format PSB Public Service Broadcasting PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PSF Progressive Segmented Frame PDI Personal Disposable Income PSI (DVB) Programme Service Information PDP Plasma Display Panel PSK Phase Shift Keying PDR Personal Digital Recorder PSNR Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio PEAQ Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network PEP Peak Envelope Power PPV Pay-Per-View PER Packet Error Rate PTS (DVB) Presentation Time Stamp PES (MPEG) Packetized Elementary Stream PTT Post, Telephone and Telegraph administration PFC Priority Flow Control PTy Programme type (DAB feature) PFGS Progressive Fine Granularity Scalable PTY Programme Type (RDS feature) PFT Packet Fragmentation and Transport PVR Personal Video Recorder PhD Doctor of Philosophy PW Workstation PHP Hypertext Preprocessor PXT (ITU) Planning eXercise Team PHY The PHYsical layer PI Programme Identifier PICS Platform for Internet Content Selection QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation PID (MPEG) Packet IDentification number QBIC Query-By-Image Content PIM Protocol-Independent Multicast QC Quality Control

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 12 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

QCIF Quarter Common Intermediate Format (176x144 RIR Regional Internet Registry pixels) RISC Reduced Instruction-Set Computer QEF Quasi-Error-Free RM Radio Manager QMF Quadrature Mirror Filter RMS Root-Mean-Square QoC Quality of Coverage RN Reference Network QoE Quality of Experience RNIB Royal National Institute for the Blind (UK) QoS Quality of Service RNID Royal National Institute for the Deaf (UK) QoSAM Quality of Services in digital AM ROM Read-Only Memory QP (SSCQE) Quality Parameter RP Rendezvous Point QP Quantization Parameter RPC Reference Planning Configuration QPPM Quasi-Peak Programme Meter RPG (ITU) Regulatory / Procedural Group QPSK Quadrature (Quaternary) Phase-Shift Keying RR (ITU) Radio Regulations QQIC Querier’s Query Interval Code RRAM Resistive RAM QQVGA Quarter Quarter VGA RRC (ITU) Regional Radiocommunication Conference QUOVADISQUality Of Video and Audio for DIgital television RRMP Restricted Reliable Multicast Protocol Services RS (5.1) Right Surround QVGA Quarter Video Graphics Array RS Reed Solomon RSPG (EU) Policy Group RSS Really Simple Syndication R&D Research & Development / Design RSTP Real-Time Streaming Protocol R-S Reed-Solomon RSVP ReSource reserVation Protocol RA (ITU) Radiocommunication Assembly RT+ RadioText Plus RA Reference Architecture RTBF Radio-Télévision Belge de la Communauté fran- RA Registration Authority çaise RACE R&D in Advanced Communications technologies RTCP Real-Time Control Protocol in Europe RTE Radio Telefís Éireann RadioDNShttp://radiodns.org/ RTE Run-Time Engine RAI Radiotelevisione Italiana RTMP (Adobe) Real-Time Messaging Procol http://www.rai.it/ RTMPE (Adobe) Real-Time Messaging Procol – Encrypt- RAID Redundant Array of Independent (or Inexpen- ed sive) Disks RTOS Real-Time Operating System RAM Random-Access Memory RTP Real-time Transport Protocol RBE Raw Bit Errors RTP Radiotelevisão Portuguesa RBE Routed Bridge Encapsulation RTS (UK) RBT Rundfunk-betriebstechnik GmbH (German com- RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol pany specializing in broadcast operations tech- nology) RTT Round-Trip Time RCST Return-Channel-via-Satellite Terminal RUP Rational Unified Process RDBMS Relational Database Management System RUV Rikisutvarpid (Icelandic National Broadcasting Service) RDF Resource Description Framework Rx Receiver RDI Receiver Data Interface RW Recording Workstation RDS http://www.rds.org.uk/ RWTH Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule RDS-TA RDS - Traffic Announcement RDS-TMC RDS - RDT (RealNetwork’s) Real Data Transport S-DAB Satellite - Digital Audio Broadcasting REW Rewind S-DMB Satellite - Digital Multimedia Broadcasting RF Radio-Frequency S-DSB Satellite - Digital Sound Broadcasting RFC Request For Comments (IETF standard) S/I Signal-to-Interferene ratio RFI Radio-Frequency Interference S/N Signal-to-Noise ratio RFT Request For Technology S/PDIF Sony/Philips Digital InterFace RFT Request For Tender S2S System-to-System RGB Red-Green-Blue (colour model) SAB Services Ancillary to Broadcasting RIFF (Microsoft) Resource Interchange File Format SAC Satellite Access Control RIP Random Index Pack SAM Scandinavian Audiovisual Metadata group

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 13 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

SAMVIQ Subjective Assessment Methodology for Video SI Service Identification Quality SId (DAB) Service identifier SAN Storage Area Network SIM Subscriber Identity Module SAP Services Ancillary to Programme-making SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio SAP Session Announcement Protocol SiP System-in-Package SAS Serial Attached SCSI SIP Session Initiation Protocol SAR Specific energy Absorption Rate SL Synchronization Layer SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment SLA Service Level Agreement SAU Small-Area Uniformity SLC Single-Level Cell SAW Surface Acoustic Wave SLM Spatial Light Modulator SBC Swiss Broadcasting Corporation SLM Standard Loudness Measure SBR Spectral Band Replication SLS SLide Show SC@14 Spatially Scalable profile at 1440 Level SM (MXF) Structural Metadata SC Satellite Component SMATV Satellite Master Antenna TV SC Single Carrier SMC Subscriber Management Centre SCC SNG Control Centre SMEF (BBC) Standard Media Exchange Format SCH Satellite Channel SMIL Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language SCH Sub-Carrier Horizontal SMP Significant Market Power SCId (DAB) Service Component identifier SMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television Engi- SCP Secure CoPy neers (USA) http://www.smpte.org/ SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier SMS Subscriber Management System SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface SMS Short Message Service SD Secure Digital (memory card) SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SD Standard-Definition SNCP Sub-Network Connection Protection SD Sum of square Deviation SNG Satellite News Gathering SD&S (DVB) Service Discovery & Selection SNIA Storage Networking Industry Association SDC Service Data Channel SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SDC (DVB) Service Description Channel SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio SDDI (Sony) Serial Digital Data Interface SNV Satellite News-gathering Vehicle SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SOAP Originally stood for Simple Object Access Proto- SDI Serial Digital Interface col, now doesn’t stand for anything – see http:// SDK Software Development Kit www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/#intro SDP Session Description Protocol SoC System-on-Chip SDR Software Defined Radio SoD Services-on-Demand SDSL Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SP Service Provider SDT (DVB) Service Description Table SP (MXF) Source Package SDTI Serial Data Transport Interface SPFD Scaler Potential Finite Difference SDTV Standard-Definition Television SPI Stateful Packet Inspection SDV Switched Digital Video SPIN Sensor, Positioning and Identification Network SECAM Séquentiel couleur à mémoire SPL Sound Pressure Level SED Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Display SPPM Sample Peak Programme Meter SER Segment Error Ratio SPTS Single Programme Transport Stream SER Symbol Error Rate SPX Sequenced Packet eXchange SES Société Européenne des SQCIF Sub-Quarter Common Intermediate Format SFDMA Synchronous Frequency Division Multiple Access SQL Structured Query Language SFN Single-Frequency Network SR Ab (Sweden) SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol SR Swedish Radio SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language SRAM Static Random Access Memory SHA Secure Hash Algorithm SRC Sample-Rate Converter SHDSL Symmetric High bitrate Digital Subscriber Line SRD Short Range Device SHE Super Head End sRGB standard Red Green Blue (colour space) SHF Super High Frequency SRI Swiss Radio International SHV Super Hi-Vision SRM System Renewability Message SI (DVB) Service Information SS Spectrum Spreading

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 14 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

SSA Serial Storage Architecture TE Traffic Engineering SSB Single Side-Band TFT Thin-Film Transistor SSCQE Single-Stimulus Continuous Quality Evaluation TIC Traffic Information Centre SSD Solid-State Drive TISPAN Telecoms & Internet converged Services & Proto- SSDP Simple Service Discovery Protocol cols for Advanced Networks SSH Secure SHell TII Transmitter Identification Information SSIM Structural Similarity Metric TIM Traffic Information Memory SSL Secure Sockets Layer TLC Triple-Level Cell SSM Source-Specific Multicast TLS Transfer Layer Security SSR Société Suisse de Radiodiffusion et Télévision TM (DVB) Technical Module SSJS Server-Side JavaScript TMC Traffic Message Channel SSRC Synchronization SouRCe TNT Télévision Numérique Terrestre (Digital Terrestrial Television, DTT) SSS Solid-State Storage ToA Threshold of Audibility ST61 Stockholm Frequency Plan of 1961 TOE TCP Offload Engine STB Set-Top Box TOP () Table Of Pages STC Satellite Transmission Control ToV Threshold of Visibility STC Clock TP (SSCQE) Test Presentation STM Synchronous Transport Module TPEG Transport Protocol Experts Group STRL (NHK) and Technical Research Labora- http://www.tisa.org/ tories http://www.nhk.or.jp/strl/english/index.html TPEG-PTITPEG - Public Transport Information STU Set-Top Unit TPEG-RTMTPEG - Road Traffic Messages SVC (MPEG-4) Scalable Video Coding TPEG-SNITPEG - Service and Network Information SVG Scalable Vector Graphics TPS Transmission-Parameter Signalling SVM Support Vector Machine TQFP Thin Quad Flat Pack SVT Sveriges Television och Radio Grupp (Sweden) TRU Traditional Rights & Usages http://svt.se/ TS Terminal Station SW Short-Wave TS (MPEG) Transport Stream SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats TS (SSCQE) Test Session SWR Südwestrundfunk (Germany) TSDT (MPEG) Transport Stream Descriptor Table SYMM (W3C) Synchronized Multimedia Working Group TSR Télévision Suisse Romande TTI Traffic and Travel Information TTL Transistor-to-Transistor Logic TTM Time To Market T-DAB Terrestrial - DAB TTP Trusted Third Party T-DMB Terrestrial - DMB TTSL Total Time Spent Listening TA Traffic Announcement (RDS feature) TU Typical Urban channel profile TAM (DVB) Technical issues Associated with MHP TUS (EU) Telecommunication Universal Service TAPESTRIESThe Application of Psychological Evaluation to Systems and Technologies in Remote Imaging TVA TV Anytime and Entertainment Services TVWF (EU) Television Without Frontiers directive TBA To Be Announced TWIM Terrestrial Wireless Interactive Multimedia TBC To Be Confirmed TWT Travelling-Wave Tube TBD To Be Decided TWTA Travelling-Wave-Tube Amplifier TC (SSCQE) Test Condition Tx Transmitter TCC (EBU) Technical Co-ordination Circuits TX Transmission TCM Trellis-Coded Modulation TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol UA User Application TDC (DAB) Transparent Data Channel UBE Uncorrected Bit Errors TD (EBU) Technical Department UCE UnCorrectable Error TDD Time Division Duplex UDDI Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration TDEL Thick-film Dielectric Electro-Luminescent UDF Universal Disk Format TDF Télédiffusion de France UDP TDM Time Division Multiplex(ing) UDP/IP User Datagram Protocol / Internet Protocol TDMA Time-Division Multiple Access UEP Unequal Error Protection

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 15 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

UGC User-Generated Content VOB (DVD) Video OBject UGD Uni-directional Gateway Device VoD Video-on-Demand UHDTV Ultra High Definition Television VoIP Voice-over-IP UHF VOR VHF Omni-directional Range system UID Unique Identifier VOX Voice-Operated UL (SMPTE) Universal Label VP Vertically Polarized UMID (SMPTE) Unique Material Identifier VPAN Wireless Personal Area Network UML Unified Modelling Language VQ Vector Quantization UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System VQEG Video Quality Experts Group http://www.umts-forum.org/ http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/vqeg/ UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultur- VPN Virtual Private Network al Organization VPS Video Programme System UNII Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure VRML Virtual Reality Modelling Language UPID (SMPTE) Unique Programme Identifier VRT Vlaamse Radio en Televisie (Belgium) UPnP Universal Plug ‘n’ Play VS (SSCQE) Vote Segment http://www.upnp.org/default.asp VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal UR User Requirements VSB Vestigial Sideband URI Uniform Resource Identifier URL Uniform Resource Locator VSO Video Serving Office URN Uniform Resource Name VT Video Tape URTNA Union of National Radio and Television Organisa- VTR Video Tape Recorder tions of VU (Audio) Volume Units USB Universal Serial Bus USI Usage State Information USP Unique Selling Point W-LAN Wireless extension of a fixed LAN USRP Universal Software Radio Peripheral W3C World Wide Web Consortium http://www.ettus.com/ http://www.w3.org/ UTC Universal Co-ordinated Time WAN Wide-Area Network UTF-8 8-bit Transformation Format WAP Wireless Application Protocol UU User-to-User WARC (ITU) World Administrative Radio Conference UWB Ultra WideBand WARP Workhorse Application Raw Power WDM Wavelength Division Multiplex(er) WDR (Germany) VAN Video Area Network http://www.wdr.de/ VBE Variable Bytes per Element WE Wireless Enabler VBI Vertical Blanking Interval WG-IPTV Walled Garden IPTV VBR Variable Bit-Rate WI95 Wiesbaden Frequency Plan of 1995 VCEG (ITU-T) Video Coding Experts Group WiMAX Worldwide interoperability for Mobile Access VCL Video Coding Layer WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization VCM Variable Coding and Modulation WLAN Wireless Local Area Network VCP Video Cassette Player WLR Wholesale Line Rental VCR Video Cassette Recorder WLV Within Listener Variability VDP Video Disk Player WM (Microsoft) Windows Media VDSL Very high bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line WM9 (Microsoft) Windows Media Series 9 VFAT (Microsoft) Virtual File Allocation Table WMA (Microsoft) VFD Vacuum Fluorescent Display WML Wireless Markup Language VGA Video Graphics Array WMS Watermark Minimum Segment VHF WMV (Microsoft) VHO Video Hub Office WORM Write Once / Read Many VITC Vertical Interval Time-Code WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access VLC Variable-Length Coder WPF Windows Presentation Foundation VLD Variable-Length Decoder http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ VLF Very ms754130.aspx VLSI Very Large-Scale Integration WPR Wall-Probing Radar VM Virtual Machine WRC (ITU) World Radiocommunication Conference

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 16 / 17 ABBREVIATIONS

WRC07 (ITU) World Radiocommunication Conference XPD Cross-Polar antenna Discrimination 2007 XSL eXtensible Style-sheet Language WRC12 (ITU) World Radiocommunication Conference XSLT XSL Transformation 2012 XTP Xpress Transport Protocol WRS Wireless System WSD White Space Device WSS Signalling YC The luminance (Y) and (C) signals WTVML WapTV Mark-up Language of a colour television system WWW World Wide Web YCbCr The luminance (Y), blue-difference (Cb) and red- WXGA Wide Extended Graphics Array difference (Cr) chrominance components of a colour television system YLE Oy Yleisradio Ab (Finland) X-PAD eXtended Programme-Associated Data YUV The luminance (Y) and colour difference (U and XCP (Sony) eXtended Copy Protection V) signals of the PAL colour television system xDSL (Different variants of) Digital Subscriber Line XHTML eXtensible HyperText Markup Language XML eXtensible Markup Language, IETF RFC 2119 ZIP An industry-standard file compression utility (PK- XPAD (DAB) Extended Programme Associated Data Ware Inc.)

EBU TECHNICAL REVIEW – January 2012 17 / 17