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T. C. Çevre Ve Orman Bakanliği Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu Başkanliği

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T. C. Çevre Ve Orman Bakanliği Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu Başkanliği T. C. ÇEVRE VE ORMAN BAKANLIĞI ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA KURUMU BAŞKANLIĞI IHLARA ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA BÖLGESİ SOSYO - EKONOMİK, TARİHİ VE KÜLTÜREL DEĞERLER ARAŞTIRMASI KESİN RAPOR T.C. ÇEVRE VE ORMAN BAKANLIĞI Proje Sahibinin Adı ÖZEL ÇEVRE KORUMA KURUMU BAŞKANLIĞI Alparslan Türkeş Caddesi Adresi 31. Sokak 10 No’ lu Hizmet Binası 06510 Beştepe / Yenimahalle - Ankara Telefon : 0 (312) 222 12 34 Telefon ve Faks Numaraları Faks : 0 (312) 222 26 61 Ihlara Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi Projenin Adı Sosyo - Ekonomik, Tarihi ve Kültürel Değerlerin Araştırılması Projesi Projenin Yeri Ihlara Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi Raporu Hazırlayan Kuruluşun Optimar Danışmanlık Tanıtım Araştırma ve Adı Organizasyon A.Ş. Adresi Olgunlar Sk. No: 11/17 Bakanlıklar / Çankaya - Ankara Telefon : 0 (312) 417 56 76 Telefon ve Faks Numarası Fax : 0 (312) 417 29 26 Rapor Sunum Tarihi 20/12/2010 II Proje Yürütücüsü Doç. Dr. Nilay Çabuk KAYA (Sosyolog) Proje Ekibi Dr. Mehmet AYSOY Proje Yürütücü Asistanı (Sosyolog) Doç. Dr. Emre MADRAN (Mimar) Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nihan Özdemir SÖNMEZ (Şehir ve Bölge Plancısı) Doç. Dr. Adil BİNAL (Hidrojeolog) Doç. Dr. M. Sacit PEKAK (Bizans Tarihi) Dr. Nida NAYCI (Mimar) Esra KARATAŞ (Şehir Plancısı- CBS Uzmanı) Anketörler Abdullah GÜNAY ( Sosyolog) Ahmet Tarık GÜVEN (İletişim Mezunu) Mustafa Emre NAKIŞ (İstatistikci) Şuayb Garani EKİCİ(Çalışma Ekonomisti) Burcu ATAV (İngilizce Öğretmeni) Abdullah AKÜNAL (İstatistikci) Doğan KÜÇÜKBALABAN (Sosyolog) Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu Başkanlığı Proje Ekibi Kurum Başkanı: Ahmet ÖZYANIK Daire Başkanı: Mehmet MENENGİÇ Şube Müdürü: Sücaattin BARAN Kontrol Teşkilatı Üyesi: Hatice ÜNCÜ, Mimar Kontrol Teşkilatı Üyesi: Levent KESKİN, Şehir Plancısı Kontrol Teşkilatı Üyesi: Muhsine MISIRLIOĞLU, Kimya Mühendisi Kontrol Teşkilatı Üyesi: Reyhan ÖZDEMİR, Çevre Mühendisi III İÇİNDEKİLER BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM 1 GİRİŞ ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 ARAŞTIRMANIN AMACI .............................................................................................. 3 1.2 ARAŞTIRMANIN KAPSAMI ......................................................................................... 3 1.3 ARAŞTIRMA YÖNTEM VE TEKNİKLERİ................................................................... 4 1.4 ARAŞTIRMANIN ALAN ÇALIŞMASI VE KARŞILAŞILAN GÜÇLÜKLER ........... 6 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM 2 ARAŞTIRMA ALANININ MEVCUT DURUMU ................................................................ 8 2.1 BÖLGENİN TARİHİ VE ÖNEMİ .................................................................................... 9 2.2 COĞRAFİ KONUM ........................................................................................................ 30 2.3 TERMAL KAYNAKLARIN MEVCUT DURUMU VE POTANSİYELİ ................... 34 2.3.1 Jeoloji ....................................................................................................................... 34 2.3.2 Stratigrafi .................................................................................................................. 35 2.3.3 Yapısal Jeoloji .......................................................................................................... 38 2.3.4 Hidrojeoloji .............................................................................................................. 38 2.3.5 Hidroloji ................................................................................................................... 39 2.3.6 Termal Kaynaklar ...................................................................................................... 39 2.3.6.1 Ziga - Yaprakhisar - Belisırma Bölgesi ............................................................... 39 2.3.6.2 Ihlara Bölgesi ....................................................................................................... 41 2.3.6.2.1 Ihlara Kubbeli Hamam Kaynağı ..................................................................... 41 2.3.6.2.2 Ihlara Cami Altı Kaynağı ............................................................................... 42 2.3.6.2.3 Ihlara Kalkancı Kaynakları ............................................................................. 43 2.3.7 Termal Kaynaklarda ve Melendiz Çayı’nda Görülen Kirlilik .................................. 44 2.3.8 Bölgede Görülen Kaya Duraysızlıkları ..................................................................... 46 2.4 İDARİ YAPI .................................................................................................................... 49 2.5 DEMOGRAFİK YAPI .................................................................................................... 50 IV 2.6 SOSYO - EKONOMİK YAPI ......................................................................................... 52 2.6.1 Araştırma Alanında Bulunan Yerleşim Yerleri ......................................................... 54 2.6.1.1 Ihlara Beldesi ....................................................................................................... 54 2.6.1.2 Selime Beldesi ..................................................................................................... 55 2.6.1.3 Belisırma Köyü .................................................................................................... 56 2.6.1.4 Yaprakhisar Köyü ................................................................................................ 56 2.6.2 Tarım ve Hayvancılık ................................................................................................ 57 2.6.3 Sanayi - Ticaret ......................................................................................................... 63 2.6.4 Turizm ....................................................................................................................... 65 2.6.5 Eğitim ........................................................................................................................ 66 2.6.6 Sağlık ......................................................................................................................... 68 ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM 3 SOSYO - EKONOMİK TEMEL ARAŞTIRMA ................................................................. 69 3.1 ARAŞTIRMA TİPİ VE ARAŞTIRMA TEKNİKLERİ ................................................. 69 3.2 ÖRNEKLEM BÜYÜKLÜĞÜ VE ÖRNEKLEM SEÇİMİ ............................................ 72 3.3 ALAN ÇALIŞMASI BULGULARI VE DEĞERLENDİRME ..................................... 74 3.3.1 Görüşülen Kişilerin Temel Demografik Özellikleri ................................................. 75 3.3.2 Hanelerin Temel Demografik Özellikleri ................................................................. 81 3.3.3 Geçim Kaynakları ve Ekonomik Yaşam ................................................................... 85 3.3.4 Sosyal Güvenlik ........................................................................................................ 87 3.3.5 Mülkiyet, Konut ve Arazi Varlığı ............................................................................. 88 3.3.6 Doğal Kaynak Kullanımı ve Çevre Sorunları ........................................................... 93 3.3.7 Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesine İlişkin Bilgi, Düşünce ve Tutumlar ......................... 95 3.3.8 Bölgedeki Ziyaretçilerin Özellikleri ve Bölge hakkındaki Düşünceleri ................. 102 3.3.8.1 Yerli Turist ......................................................................................................... 103 3.3.8.2 Yabancı Turist .................................................................................................... 111 3.4 SOSYAL ETKİ DEĞERLENDİRMESİ (ODAK GRUP VE DERİNLEMESİNE GÖRÜŞMELER) ................................................ 116 V DÖRDÜNCÜ BÖLÜM 4 KIRSAL YERLEŞİM VE MİMARİ YAPI ENVANTER ÇALIŞMASI .......................... 123 4.1 KIRSAL YERLEŞİM ENVANTER FORMLARI KAPSAMINDA TOPLANAN BİLGİLER ........................................................................................................................... 123 4.1.1 Ihlara Beldesi .......................................................................................................... 125 4.1.2 Selime Beldesi ......................................................................................................... 127 4.1.3 Yaprakhisar Köyü ................................................................................................... 130 4.1.4 Belisırma Köyü ...................................................................................................... 131 4.2 MİMARİ YAPI ENVANTER ÇALIŞMALARI .......................................................... 134 4.2.1 Kültürel Mirasın Genel Özellikleri ......................................................................... 138 4.2.1.1 Ihlara Beldesi .................................................................................................... 140 4.2.1.2 Belisırma Köyü ................................................................................................. 140 4.2.1.3 Yaprakhisar Köyü .............................................................................................. 141 4.2.1.4 Selime Beldesi ................................................................................................... 141 4.2.2 Geleneksel Mimariye İlişkin Yapılan Tespitler ...................................................... 142 4.2.2.1 Selime Beldesi ................................................................................................... 143 4.2.2.2 Yaprakhisar Köyü .............................................................................................
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