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Cupressaceae Et Taxodiaceae
AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm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
Gymnosperms on the EDGE Félix Forest1, Justin Moat 1,2, Elisabeth Baloch1, Neil A
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Gymnosperms on the EDGE Félix Forest1, Justin Moat 1,2, Elisabeth Baloch1, Neil A. Brummitt3, Steve P. Bachman 1,2, Stef Ickert-Bond 4, Peter M. Hollingsworth5, Aaron Liston6, Damon P. Little7, Sarah Mathews8,9, Hardeep Rai10, Catarina Rydin11, Dennis W. Stevenson7, Philip Thomas5 & Sven Buerki3,12 Driven by limited resources and a sense of urgency, the prioritization of species for conservation has Received: 12 May 2017 been a persistent concern in conservation science. Gymnosperms (comprising ginkgo, conifers, cycads, and gnetophytes) are one of the most threatened groups of living organisms, with 40% of the species Accepted: 28 March 2018 at high risk of extinction, about twice as many as the most recent estimates for all plants (i.e. 21.4%). Published: xx xx xxxx This high proportion of species facing extinction highlights the urgent action required to secure their future through an objective prioritization approach. The Evolutionary Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) method rapidly ranks species based on their evolutionary distinctiveness and the extinction risks they face. EDGE is applied to gymnosperms using a phylogenetic tree comprising DNA sequence data for 85% of gymnosperm species (923 out of 1090 species), to which the 167 missing species were added, and IUCN Red List assessments available for 92% of species. The efect of diferent extinction probability transformations and the handling of IUCN data defcient species on the resulting rankings is investigated. Although top entries in our ranking comprise species that were expected to score well (e.g. Wollemia nobilis, Ginkgo biloba), many were unexpected (e.g. -
The Archaeology of Sulawesi Current Research on the Pleistocene to the Historic Period
terra australis 48 Terra Australis reports the results of archaeological and related research within the south and east of Asia, though mainly Australia, New Guinea and Island Melanesia — lands that remained terra australis incognita to generations of prehistorians. Its subject is the settlement of the diverse environments in this isolated quarter of the globe by peoples who have maintained their discrete and traditional ways of life into the recent recorded or remembered past and at times into the observable present. List of volumes in Terra Australis Volume 1: Burrill Lake and Currarong: Coastal Sites in Southern Volume 28: New Directions in Archaeological Science. New South Wales. R.J. Lampert (1971) A. Fairbairn, S. O’Connor and B. Marwick (2008) Volume 2: Ol Tumbuna: Archaeological Excavations in the Eastern Volume 29: Islands of Inquiry: Colonisation, Seafaring and the Central Highlands, Papua New Guinea. J.P. White (1972) Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes. G. Clark, F. Leach Volume 3: New Guinea Stone Age Trade: The Geography and and S. O’Connor (2008) Ecology of Traffic in the Interior. I. Hughes (1977) Volume 30: Archaeological Science Under a Microscope: Studies in Volume 4: Recent Prehistory in Southeast Papua. B. Egloff (1979) Residue and Ancient DNA Analysis in Honour of Thomas H. Loy. M. Haslam, G. Robertson, A. Crowther, S. Nugent Volume 5: The Great Kartan Mystery. R. Lampert (1981) and L. Kirkwood (2009) Volume 6: Early Man in North Queensland: Art and Archaeology Volume 31: The Early Prehistory of Fiji. G. Clark and in the Laura Area. A. Rosenfeld, D. Horton and J. Winter A. -
Habitat, Population Structure and the Conservation Status of Araucaria Bidwillii Hook
ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Picone, Andrew Phillip (2014) Habitat, population structure and the conservation status of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. in the Australian Wet Tropics. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/44651/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/44651/ Habitat, population structure and the conservation status of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. in the Australian Wet Tropics. Thesis submitted by Andrew Phillip Picone (18856273) October 2015 For the degree of Masters in the College of Marine and Environmental Sciences James Cook University. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My supervisors Professor Paul Gadek, Dr Will Edwards and Dr Charles Clarke have demonstrated great patience in my part-time progress and provide support and guidance when sought. I’m particularly grateful for Prof. Gadek’s support for the original research proposal and shared interest in the Araucariaceae. The statistical approach was greatly improved under guidance from Dr Edwards and Dr Clarke provided invaluable advice on approaching the conservation assessment. Comments on overall style and structure were gratefully received from all supervisors. I’d also like to thank the College of Marine and Environmental Sciences at James Cook University. At the Wet Tropics Management Authority, Dr Steve Goosem and Mike Stott provided advice and data on vegetation mapping for Mount Lewis. -
Distribution and Ecology of the Conifers of New Caledonia
I 1 extrait de : EGOLQGY OP THE SOUTHERN CONIFERS Edited by : Neal J. ENRIGHT and Robert S. HILL MELBOW WVERSITY PRESS - 1935 5. - I Distribution and Ecology 8 of the Conifers of - New Caledonia T. JAFFRÉ ESPITE ITS small area (19 O00 km2) New Caledonia possesses a rich and distinctive flora, totalling 3000 species of phanerogams of which 75 to 80 per cent are endemic. Among these are 43 conifers (all endemic) belonging D (1 to four families: Taxaceae (one sp.), Podocarpaceae (18 spp.), Araucariaceae 8 spp.), Cupressaceae (six spp.). \ The sole species of the family Taxaceae belongs to the endemic genus Austrotaxus. The Podocarpaceae is divided among eight genera: Podocarpus (seven ii spp.), Dacrydium (four spp.), Retrophyllum (twospp.), Falcatifolium, Dacrycarpus, Acmopyb, Prumnopitys and Parasitaxus (one sp. each), the last being endemic to New Caledonia (Page 1988). The Araucariaceae comprises two genera, Araucaria (13 spp.) and Agathis (five spp.), and the Cupressaceae the genera Libocedrus (three spp.), Callitris (two spp.), and the monotypic and endemic Neocallitropsis (de Laubenfels 1972). No other region of the world with such a small area possesses such a rich and distinctive conifer flora. Growth forms The majority of New Caledonian conifers are tall trees but there are also small trees and shrubs. The Araucariaceae, all arborescent, includes nine species exploited for their timber (Agatbis corbassonii, A. lanceolata, A. moorei, A. ovata, Araucaria columnaris, A. bernieri, A. laubenfelsii, A. luxurians, A. subulata). The Agatbis species are among the most massive forest trees; some individuals I of the tallest species, Agatbis lanceolata, have trunks more than 2.5 m in diameter and attain a height of 30-40 m. -
Opportunities for Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Training
AUGUST 2016 N O . 1 9 3 Opportunities for Arboriculture and Urban Forestry Training and Education By Mollie Freilicher, We are fortunate here in New Arborists programs require certified arborists to obtain Community Action Forester England to have so many oppor- continuing education credits to maintain their creden- tunities to improve our knowledge of arboriculture and tials. urban forestry and to stay up-to-date with the latest While there are many educational opportunities, year- research and best practices. There are trainings designed round, fall is often particularly good for them. Here is a for tree wardens, arborists, urban foresters, volunteers, sampling of what you can take advantage of: and enthusiasts. Advanced Tree Risk Assessment, In addition, there are certifications that professionals can August 18-19, 2016, Hanover, NH achieve to distinguish themselves and their training and This comprehensive, two-day workshop covers Level 3 experience. The International Society of Arboriculture’s Advanced Tree Risk Assessments. The first day focuses Certified Arborist program recognizes arborists, through on classroom activities covering risk theory and methods a written exam, who have a certain level of knowledge in of non-invasive site and tree assessment and diagnosis. multiple aspects of arboriculture, as well as at least three The second day is field-based and focuses on the use of a years of practical, professional experience. This certifica- range of invasive diagnostic tools. Earn 15 ISA CEUs, in- tion also distinguishes these arborists because ISA Certi- cluding BCMA. Cost $250. www.newenglandisa.org. fied Arborists are required to follow the ISA Code of Ethics. -
Revue Des Araucariaceae De Nouvelle-Calédonie
- Revue des Araucarlaceae de Nouvelle-Calédonie • ~_......... 1 lMtUY JAFFfll!: J .... II_VEJU.OH .. • Revue des Araucariaceae de Nouvelle-Calédonie Joseph MANAUTÉ 1 Tanguy JAFFRÉ 2 Jean-Marie VEILLON 3 Mai-Lan KRANITZ 4 1 Province Sud, direction des ressources naturelles, service des parcs et réserves terrestres, BP 3718, 98846 NOUMÉA CEDEX, Nouvelle-Calédonie 2 Institut de recherche pour le développement, Laboratoire de Botanique et d'Écologie Végétale Appliquées, BP AS, 98845, NOUMÉA CEDEX Nouvelle-Calédonie 3 BP 492, 98845 NOUMÉA CEDEX, Nouvelle-Calédonie 4 Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 20A Inver/eith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, SCOTLAND, Great Britain Conception, mise en page, fabrication, maquette de couverture Jean Pierre Mermoud Scans et calibrations des photos Noël Galaud Relecture Isabelle Perin Photos: 1ère de couverture 1 Fond : Araucaria columnaris, îlot Porc Épie (© 1RD 1T. Jaffré) 1 : Agathis ovata, Col de Vaté (© IRD 1T. Jaffré) 2 2 : Araucaria columnaris, Goro (© IRD 1T. Jaffré) 3: Araucaria montana (cônes femelles), Kouaoua (© IRD 1T. Jaffré) 4 : Araucaria montana, massif du Koniambo (© IRD 1T. Jaffré) 3 4 4ème de couverture Fond : Araucaria columnaris, îlot Porc Épie (© 1RD 1T. Jaffré) Maquis minier dominé par Araucaria montana et Gymnostoma glaucescens, Menazi, Kouaoua (© IRD / T. Jaffré) © IRD/Province Sud, Nouméa, juin 2003 1er retirage, avril 2004 SOMMAIRE Résumé 4 Abstract. 5 Introduction. ........ 6 Distinction des espèces 6 Distinction des Araucaria. ............ 7 Affinités inter-spécifiques chez les Araucaria 8 Distinction des Agathis 12 Affinités inter-spécifiques chez les Agathis 13 La place des Araucariaceae dans la flore de Nouvelle-Calédonie 14 Distribution des espèces de la famille des Araucariaceae en Nouvelle-Calédonie 14 Les Araucariaceae de la forêt dense sempervirente humide d'altitude 14 Les Araucariaceae de la forêt humide sempervirente de basse et moyenne altitudes 14 Sur roches acides 15 Sur roches ultramafiques . -
The Evolution of Cavitation Resistance in Conifers Maximilian Larter
The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Maximilian Larter To cite this version: Maximilian Larter. The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers. Bioclimatology. Univer- sit´ede Bordeaux, 2016. English. <NNT : 2016BORD0103>. <tel-01375936> HAL Id: tel-01375936 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01375936 Submitted on 3 Oct 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. THESE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX Spécialité : Ecologie évolutive, fonctionnelle et des communautés Ecole doctorale: Sciences et Environnements Evolution de la résistance à la cavitation chez les conifères The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Maximilian LARTER Directeur : Sylvain DELZON (DR INRA) Co-Directeur : Jean-Christophe DOMEC (Professeur, BSA) Soutenue le 22/07/2016 Devant le jury composé de : Rapporteurs : Mme Amy ZANNE, Prof., George Washington University Mr Jordi MARTINEZ VILALTA, Prof., Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Examinateurs : Mme Lisa WINGATE, CR INRA, UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Mr Jérôme CHAVE, DR CNRS, UMR EDB, Toulouse i ii Abstract Title: The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Abstract Forests worldwide are at increased risk of widespread mortality due to intense drought under current and future climate change. -
Phylogenetic Relationships Within Araucariaceae Based on RBCL
American Journal of Botany 85(11): 1507-1516. 1998. PHYLOGENETICRELATIONSHIPS WITHIN ARAUCARIACEAEBASED ON RBCLGENE SEQUENCES~ HlROAKI SETOGUCHI,2g5,6TAKESHI ASAKAWA OSAWA? JEAN- CHRISTOPHE PINTAUD: TANGUYJAFJXÉ: AND JEAN-MAREvEILLON4 Makino Herbarium, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-03, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 246, Japan; and Department de Botanique, Centre ORSTOM de Nouméa, BP A5 Nouméa, New Caledonia Phylogenetic relationships were determined in the Araucariaceae, which are now found mainly in the Southern Hemi- sphere. This conifer family was well diversified and widely distributed in both hemispheres during the Mesozoic era. The sequence of 1322 bases of the rbcL gene of cpDNA was determined from 29 species of Araucariaceae, representing almost all the species of the family. Phylogenetic trees determined by the parsimony method indicate that Araucariaceae are well defined by rbcL sequences and also that the monophyly of Agatlzis or Araucaria is well supported by high bootstrap values. The topology of these trees revealed that Wolleiitia had derived prior to Agathis and Araucaria. The rbcL phylogeny agrees well with the present recognition of four sections within Araucaria: Araucaria, Bunya, Eutacta, and bzterinedia. Morpho- logical characteristics of the number of cotyledons, position of male cone, and cuticular micromorphologies were evaluated as being phylogenetically informative. Section Bunya was found to be derived rather than to be the oldest taxon. Infrageneric relationships of Agathis could not be well elucidated because there are few informative site changes in the rbcL gene, suggesting the more recent differentiation of the species as their fossil records indicate. The New Caledonian Araucaria and Agathis species each formed a monophyletic group with very low differentiation in rbcL sequences among them, indicating rapid adaptive radiation to new edaphic conditions, i.e., ultramafic soils, in the post-Eocene era. -
Phylogeography, Species Distribution Modelling, Mitochondrial Genome Evolution and Conservation of the Fijian Frogs (Ceratobatrachidae )
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELLING, MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME EVOLUTION AND CONSERVATION OF THE FIJIAN FROGS (CERATOBATRACHIDAE ) by Tamara Osborne-Naikatini A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright © 2015 by Tamara Osborne-Naikatini School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment The University of the South Pacific August 2015 DECLARATION Statement by the Author I, Tamara Osborne-Naikatini, declare that this thesis is my own work and that to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any degree at any institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the text. Signature ……………………………………. Date ……………………………. Name ……………………………………………………………………………………... Student ID No ……………………………………………………………………….... Statement by Supervisor The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of the Ms. Tamara Osborne-Naikatini. Signature ……………………………………. Date ……………………………. Name ……………………………………………………………………………………... Designation ………………………………………………………………………….... Dedication “When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things. For now we see through a glass, darkly; but then face to face: now I know in part; but then shall I know even as also I am known. And now abideth faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love.” Corinthians 13 Verses 11-13 (Saint James Bible) This thesis is dedicated to my late father, William Osborne… Daddy this is for you. i Acknowledgements I owe much to all the kind people who have supported me throughout the many years it took to birth this manuscript. -
Chaenothecopsis Neocaledonica Sp. Nov.: the First Resinicolous Mycocalicioid Fungus from an Araucarian Conifer
Phytotaxa 173 (1): 049–060 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.1.4 Chaenothecopsis neocaledonica sp. nov.: The first resinicolous mycocalicioid fungus from an araucarian conifer JOUKO RIKKINEN1, HANNA TUOVILA1, CHRISTINA BEIMFORDE2, LEYLA J. SEYFULLAH2, VINCENT PERRICHOT3 & ALEXANDER R. SCHMIDT2 1 Department of Biosciences, P.O. Box 65, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. Email: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Courant Research Centre Geobiology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany. Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 3 CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences & OSUR, Université Rennes 1, France. Email: [email protected] Abstract A new resinicolous species of the genus Chaenothecopsis (Ascomycota, Mycocaliciales) is described from resin of Agathis ovata in New Caledonia. Chaenothecopsis neocaledonica sp. nov. is the first mycocalicioid fungus to be described from the exudates of Southern Hemisphere conifers of the family Araucariaceae. It is easily distinguished from related Northern Hemisphere species by its larger ascospores and unique capitulum structure. Key words: Araucariaceae, exudate, resinicolous fungi Introduction Chaenothecopsis Vainio (1927: 70) is a genus of ascomycetes in the order Mycocaliciales (Mycocaliciomycetidae). Species in the genus are either saprotrophic on wood (lignicolous) or resin (resinicolous), or associate with atmophytic green algae (algicolous) or green algal symbionts of lichens (lichenicolous) (e.g. Tibell 1999, Titov 2006, Tuovila 2013). Recent molecular studies have shown that Chaenothecopsis is polyphyletic, but taxonomic changes await wider taxon sampling that is needed to resolve the generic delimitations within the family and order (Tibell & Vinuesa 2005, Tuovila et al. -
Demography of the Longlived Conifer Agathis Ovata in Maquis And
Journal of Vegetation Science 14: 625-636, 2003 © IAVS; Opulus Press Uppsala. - Demography of the long-lived conifer Agathis ovata in maquis and rainforest - 625 Demography of the long-lived conifer Agathis ovata in maquis and rainforest, New Caledonia Enright, N.J.1*; Miller, B.P.1 & Perry, G.L.W.2 1School of Anthropology, Geography and Environmental Studies, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia 3010; 2Department of Geography, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK; *Corresponding author; Fax +61383444972; E-mail [email protected] Abstract. The endemic New Caledonian conifer Agathis ovata Introduction occurs as an emergent tree in fire-prone shrublands (maquis), and fire-sensitive rainforest. Growth, survivorship and recruit- A light/moisture trade-off is hypothesized for tree ment over 5 yr were compared for populations from forest and species such that shade tolerance and drought resistance maquis on ultramafic substrates in New Caledonia to investi- should be negatively correlated (Barton 1993). Accord- gate whether demographic behaviour varied in response to the strongly contrasting forest and shrubland environments. ing to this trade-off, few tree species that establish in Growth of seedlings and of small (30-100 cm height) and closed forest sites would also be expected to establish large (100 cm height; 5 cm DBH) saplings was slow, but readily in open habitats (and vice versa), since there will varied significantly among stages, site types and years. The be changes in competitiveness along the resource gradi- greatest difference in growth rates was among stages, seed- ent from closed forest to open vegetation. Most forest lings growing 0.34 cm.yr–1, small saplings 1.06 cm.yr–1 and tree species that are also found in open sites are charac- large saplings 2.13 cm.yr–1.