35406 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 about its assailant fairly, accurately, ob­ one of the Nation's best newspapers, the contrary. Their failure to respond would jectively. Milwaukee Journal, and just for good be validating the Agnew criticism. Oh, of course, back on inside page 22 measure he cuffs the city's .other news­ Mr. AGNEW has found an ingenious on the editorial page it will rough him paper, the Milwaukee Sentinel, also a formula for political success. It will be up. But a man as astute as Mr. AGNEW very good paper and one that does its hard for the great newspapers of this will know that the only people who con­ best to play by the best newspaper rules country, great in their efforts to report sistently read the editorials aTe the edi­ of fairness, balance~ objectivity, and no fully, fairly, objectively, and with bal­ torial writers and the people they discuss, sm;tained feuds. ance, to :find a way to meet this without plus a very few more. These papers have complete Milwaukee destroying their principles. Studies repeatedly show the enormous coverage. They go into virtually every It will be a new test of popular under­ readership divergence between a front­ home in the city. An outsider would say · standing and intelligence to see how the page stary, reporting what an AGNEW that the mayor does not have a chance, American people respond to this new says and inside the paper editorial re­ the papers will get him in the long run. technique. I suspect there is nothing porting that what he says is not true. To the great credit of those Milwau­ really the newspapers can do except be The editorial does not have a chance. kee papers, they have not gotten Mayor patient and count on the ultimate collec­ And the good newspaper does not, either. Maier and they will not. By their rea­ tive wisdom of the American people. If This is particularly true because a pub­ sonably objective and comprehensive cov­ there is anything else the TV networks lic official attacking an established news­ erage of Maier's speeches and actions, can do, this Senator would like to hear it. paper immediately becomes a hero. He while berating him editorially, he has is a giant killer. He is taking on the big­ the best of all possible worlds. The peo­ ple of Milwaukee know and like the job AUTHORIZATION TO FILE REPORTS gest, strongest, and one of the richest DURING ADJOURNMENT institutions around. In this :fight he is he is doing. And he gets credit for having the underdog, the New York Mets in the the courage to take on the newspaper Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi­ world series or Namath's Jets in the Golia th and the savvy to chop them up dent, I ask unanimous consent that it be super bowl. in the process. in order to :file reports on bills and resolu­ And a good newspaper does not have Mr. President, this is not just a Mil­ tions, together with minority and indi­ many friends. One time or another it has waukee story. What has happened in vidual views, during the adjourment of cut up a lot of people and struck out at Milwaukee can happen nationally. the · Senate until 11 a.m. on Monday, a lot of popular prejudices. It has prob­ The Washington Post and the New November 24, 1969. ably taken on veteran groups and the York Times-and other responsible, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without chamber of commerce, the labor unions, conscientious papers the Vice President objection, it is so ordered. and the farmers. will very likely attack as he moves around Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi­ And all the people whose groups have the country-will not be intimidated. dent, I suggest the absence of a quorum. been opposed feel-rightly-that they But they will report the Agnew attack The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk are helpless. Unless they have $20 or $30 on them fully. They will continue to re­ will call the roll. million or more to buy a newspaper, they port what Mr. AGNEW and the rest of the The bill clerk proceeded to call the roll. just swallow their frustration and fume. Nixon adminisitra tion does fully and with Mr. PROXMIRE. Mr. President, I ask They for get the times they agreed with as much objectivity as they can get out unanimous consent that the order for the paper. They never forget when they of their reporters. They will measure the quorum call be rescinded. disagreed. · inches on the front page in any cam­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without paign involving the administration to objection, it is so ordered. So this man taking on the newspaper make sure the administration has a com­ is their boy. He is :fighting their fight . . pletely fair shake. The editorial page will Let me give a case in point. The mayor continue to criticize Mr. AGNEW and Mr. ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, of Milwaukee is Henry Maier, I think he Nixon when they disagree. But now even NOVEMBER 24, 1969, AT 11 A.M. is a good mayor. He works hard. He is the criticism will have its benefits for smart. He is a leader among the Nation's Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi­ Mr. AGNEW, as it did for Mayor Maier in dent, if there be no further business to mayors. Milwaukee. Most remarkable-unlike other mayors come before the Senate, I move, in ac­ So here we have a dimension of the cordance with the previous order, that who are falling out of their jobs right and Agnew attack that has not really been left or squeezing through by paper-thin the Senate stand in adjournment until considered. How inviting this is to all of 11 o'clock Monday morning next. majorities or pluralities-Mayor Maier us in politics. The Vice President's at­ was reelected mayor of Milwaukee in The motion was agreed to; and (at 2 tacks on the television networks is of o'clock and 40 minutes p.m.) the Senate 1968 with more than 80 percent of the precisely the same nature. His over­ vote, the biggest majority any Milwaukee adjourned until Monday, November 24, whelmingly favorable responses indicate 1969, at 11 o'clock a.m. mayor had ever won in the city's history. this. And the Vice President cannot lose. He did this although he had to ask In fact, he found a sure way to get on all for tax increases, and not provide the TV networks simultaneously. REJECTION services he wanted to provide, and al­ Does this mean that the price he will Executive nomination rejected by the though Milwaukee has been plagued with have to pay is to be roughed up by Chet Senate November 21, 1969: as tough and militant a minority move­ Huntley and David Brinkley and Frank ment led by Father Groppi as any city in Reynolds? Of course not. Does it mean SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES the country. Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr., of South he will not be covered in the future on Carolina to be an Associate Justice of the What is Maier's secret? He took on television by the networks? Quite the Supreme Court of the United States.

EXTENSIONS OF' REMARKS COINCIDENTAL RACISM tasy. For Americans being racist oriented peoples of color-Chinese, Cubans, Viet4 as they are-have justified the intrusion namese, Koreans. If in truth it is coinci­ HON. WILLIAM (BILL) CLAY militarily into the internal affairs of Vi­ dence, I contend it is racist coincidence. etnam on the pretension that the spread Mr. Speaker, I charge the American OF MISSOURI of international communism must be re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Government with hypocrisy of the sisted. Further, Americans rationalize highest order. Our troops are dying in Thursday, November 20, 1969 _that it is in the best interest to coexist Asia to prevent a colored minority from Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, many black with the chief architects of this inter­ determining the future of a colored ma4 Americans and peoples of other colors national Communist conspiracy. jority supposedly, and at the same time throughout the world have suspicioned Our country has divided the Commu­ this Government is supporting white mi­ that racial overtones are involved in the nist world into two groups-the good norities in African countries who are Vietnam war. I might add that the sus­ and the bad. And it may just be coinci­ forcibly dominating black majorities. picion is based more on fact than fan- dental that all the bad Communists are Mr. Speaker, I call the attention of my November 21, 1.969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35407 colleagues to the following article which IV 9 November letter to a man who has since appeared in the Washington Afro­ (Sixteenth Century) been replaced must refer to Cuban Consul American on November 18. 1969. Lord help me today Eusebio Azque, who left Mexico for Cuba on To do and say, permanent transfer on 18 November, 1963, "QUIET WAR" GROWING four days before the assassination. The world's biggest "quiet war" is growing The kindest things In the kindest way. "Azque was scheduled to leave in October more intense with every p·assing year. but did not leave until 18 November. We do Not much is written on a regular basis by v not know who might have told Oswald that the American press about the guerrilla war Bless, 0 Lord Jesus, my parents, Azque was to be replaced." black Africans in the southern area of the And all who love me and take care of me. In its investigation of the letter, the FBI continent are waging for self-determination Make me loving to them, inquiry ascertained that CIA and KGB op­ against white oppreEsors. Polite and obedient, helpful and kind. era.tors in Mexico City learned of the official's There now are more than 26,000 guerrillas Amen. recall at approximately the same time and battling an estimated 250,000 government only a week before Oswald wrote his letter. troops in Mozambique, Angola and South While the FBI investigation has been un­ West Africa. The number is growing. Most of the oppression forces axe white able to resolve the mystery, it has narrowed the sources of where Oswald could have ob­ South Africans and Portuguese. There also THE SCOTT REPORT tained the information. These sources are: is growing conflict now in Rhodesia. Unlike in South Vietnam, where the United (1) An informant in the Cuban Embassy States government has gone to the aid of HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL in Mexico City who c"Ontacted Oswald after Vietnamese the U.S. says must have self­ OF vmGINIA he returned to the U.S.; (2) the Central In­ telligence Agency; or (3) th~ KGB, the Soviet determination, this country has given no IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assistance to the oppressed Africans. Secret police. In fact, the Africans insist their efforts to Thursday, November 20, 1969 OTHER DETAILS pr.event the domination of millions of their Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. The Warren Commission's inquiry into the people by thousands of whites, are hurt by Speaker, one of my constituents, Mr. Oswald letter, most details of which were the political and economic ties the United buried in the 26 volumes of testimony, re­ States has with South Africa, Portugal and Edward J. Sloane of Springfield, Va., has vealed that Mrs. Ruth Paine on whose type­ Rhodesia. sent me the following Scott Report, dated writer the final draft was made, and Marina If the United States government is to have November 19, 1969, which I include at Oswald, wife of the alleged assassin, knew a policy of upholding self-determination, it this point in the RECORD: of the letter and its contents before it was should be a uniform one. THE SCOTT REPORT mailed. Significantly, Mrs. Paine testified Oswald This country should not be guilty of sup­ (By Paul Scott) porting the minorities in Southern AfriC'a typed the letter while spending the Novem­ who are using force to prevent the black WASHINGTON, November 19.--Six years after ber 9 weekend at her residence with his majorities from exercising full rights in their the assassination of President Kennedy, the wife. After observing the letter when Os­ native lands. FBI is still seeking to unravel a number of wald was not around, Mrs. Paine said she Time is against the oppressors. mysteries involving the activities of Lee Har­ copied it. The commission's record shows she vey Oswald, the suspected ass·assin. turned the copy over to the FBI on Novem­ Probably the most bafHing of these mys­ ber 23, the day after the assassination. CHILDREN'S PRAYERS teries, still under investigation, is the last A check of declassified FBI reports on file letter Lee Harvey Oswald is believed to have in the National Archives shows that the written before the Dallas tragedy. agency started its investigation immediately HON. RICHARD L. ROUDEBUSH Intercepted and read by the FBI before it on intercepting Oswald's letter after it was OF INDIANA arrived at its destination, the Oswald lett.er mailed in Irving, Texas, on November 12. was mailed to the Soviet Embassy here on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES One report reveals that the FBI agents in­ November 12, 1963-or 10 days before the volved in the intercept copied the text of Thursday, November 20, 1969 assassination. the letter and put it in Oswald's Washington In his request for a Soviet visa, Oswald file with a note that one paragraph verified Mr. ROUDEBUSH. Mr. Speaker, every made reference to the unannounced recall of earlier information on Oswald's Mexico City week we have been inserting children's an official in the Cuban Embassy in Mexico visit. prayers into the RECORD. City whom he had dealt with during his visit The FBI report pointed out that Oswald's Purpose of this project is to provide there two months before the assassination. mention of "Comrade Kostin" in the letter short devotionals for the Nation's schools The highly significant referenc·e was as fol­ confirmed a CIA report that he had met with to open their morning sessions. lows: Valerity Vladimirovich Kostikov, a member The Supreme Court has outlawed "Of course the Soviet Embassy was not at of the consular staff of the Soviet embassy, fault, they were, as I say unprepared, the and one of the top KGB officers in the West­ prayer and Bible reading in the public Cuban consul was guilty of a gross breach of ern Hemisphere. schools, thus depriving our children of regul•a tions, I am glad he has since been But the FBI report did not answer the the privilege of starting their day on a replaced." question of how and when Oswald learned prayerful and religious note. The unanswered question still ba.ffiing the that Cuban Consul Eusebio Azque, was However, even the Supreme Court has FBI is: How did Oswald learn about this offi­ recalled. dared not prohibit the Congress from cial's unannounced recall? Several government investigators believe if daily prayers, and by inserting these According to the FBI's investigation, there this mystery could be solved that it would children's prayers in the official RECORD was absolutely no way Oswald could have ob­ go a long way toward determining whether of the Congress, I believe the schoolchil­ tained this information during his September Oswald had any accomplices. visit to Mexico City, since the secret recall THE SECRET DOCUMENTS dren can repeat them with impunity. order from Havana was not transmitted until This week's prayers include: after he had returned to Dallas. President Nixon has the authority to make public the documents that the Warren Com­ I Even then there was no publicity and only mission decided to keep secret after its in­ Thou art great and Thou are good, a handful of persons know about the recall, vestigation of the Kennedy assassination. And we thank Thee for this food. one FBI report states. This report along with several others pertaining to Oswald's trip to That's the private report that Attorney By Thy hand must all be fed, General John Mitchell has sent to the White And we thank Thee for this bread. Mexico City have never been released. The re­ ports are among the documents ordered House after studying the Johnson Admin­ II sealed by the Warren Commission following istration's handling of the storing of the Dear God in Paradise its investigation o.f the assassinations of Ken­ commission's files in the National Archives. Look upon our sowing: nedy and Oswald. Mitchell ruled that the President has broad Bless the little gardens authority to declassify all of the commission's And the green things growing. THE CIA FINDINGS documents under the National Freedom of m During its investigation, the Warren Com­ Information Act passed by Congress in 1966. mission spent considerable time trying to Approximately two-thirds of the commis­ God be in my head, check out the letter and its content. sion's estimated 28,000 documents have been And in my understanding: One inquiry directed to the CIA to deter­ declassified since it published its findings on God be in mine eyes, And in my looking; mine where Oswald might have have ob­ September 28, 1964. God be in my mouth tained the unannounced information about The remaining one-third, which includes And in my speaking; the official's recall produced negative results. a number of CIA and FBI reports believed God be in my heart, The CIA's memorandum to the commis­ to have significant news value, are still And in my thinking; s'ion, now declassified and on file in the Na­ barred from public scrutiny. God be at my end tional Archives, states: Many of these documents deal with Lee And at my departing. "We surmise that the reference in Oswald's Harvey Oswald's trip to Mexico City. 35408 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MAC-A NEWS­ Courier and The News, covered many of In some eyes Agnew's outspokenness may PAPERMAN'S NEWSPAPERMAN Saginaw's major news stores over a span of produce no more effect than did Don Quix­ more than a quarter-century. Notable among ote's charges against the windmills, but these was the Kimbrough murder case in however his crusade turns out, the Vice Pres­ HON. JAMES HARVEY 1915, the county treasury scandal in 1916, ident is challenging some of the sacrosanct the Academy Music fire in 1917, World War OF MICHIGAN entities of this country as they have never I draft, Liberty Loan and Red Cross ca m­ been challenged by a public figure of his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES paigns of 1917-18; Wright Hotel fire (6 died) stature. Thursday, November. 20, 1969 in January, 1918; return of "Saginaw's Own," Agnew has dared to speak out against the (Company K, 125th infantry) in 1919; public irresponsible elements among the intellec­ Mr. HARVEY. Mr. Speaker, it is a rare discrediting of old city government (not the tuals, the pacifists, the black militants, and occasion that I take this means to focus people in it, but the inept and extravagant the nation's youth-and this is simply not on an individual to pridefully point out methods forced on them by a carelessly writ­ done. an accomplishment or a milestone. But, ten and cumbersome charter); participated N.:>w he has questioned the impartiality today, this is a rare individual whom I as "the tenth member" in the Charter Com­ of the news cov€rage of America's three ma­ mission's writing of the council-manager jor television networks. wish to praise. In doing so, I can assure charter. Had the job of pruning excess you that I run the very serious risk of a The howls which his questions in a Des verbiage from the charter text, contributing Moines speech last week have elicited indi­ stern admonition from Mac. to "boiling it to about 2,700 words, shortest cate that Agnew is getting close to the mark. But, I did want to have a very nice city charter in the world. Covered draft of What did the Vice-President say? He column on Saginaw's "Mr. Newspaper­ charter commissioners as council candidates, charges that a distorted and narrow picture man," Robert T. McMillen, brought to adoption of the new charter and establish­ emerges from TV news: "The Americar~ who the attention of my colleagues. On Tues­ ment of the new government which took over relies upon television f'Or his news might day, November 18, Mac celebrated his Jan. 6, 1936; City Hall fire, April, 1935; Hamil­ conclude that the m a jority of American stu­ ton Square Fire, March, 1929; sensational dents are embittered radicals, that the ma­ 80th year. He has spent 61 of those years Blank murder case at Ithaca, February, 1936." in the newspaper field, always as a jority of black Americans feel no regard for Hellbox is a newspaper expression for a their country; that violence and lawlessness worker, and all but 10 of those years on receptacle in the composing room into which are the rule, rather than the exception, on the Saginaw News, Saginaw, Mich. used type is thrown, Mac used that word the American campus." The fine article by Ed Miller presents "modesty" with a cnuckle. the statistical information on an out­ All he wrote about himself in his bio­ NONE TRUE It graphical blank is a terse matter of record. As Agnew added, none of these conclusions standing gentleman. could have added I can tell you he was modest by a couple of is true. one other thought. If our city of Sagi­ newspaper columns or so. Speaking of the TV "news" commentators naw, now over 100,000 persons, has a such as Huntley and Brinkley, he notes claim to fame-which it has as an All that "a raised eyebrow, an inflection of the America City in 1969-then the work of AGNEW VERSUS TV voice, a caustic remark dropped in the this man as a reporter and as the "au­ middle of a broadcast can rais·e doubts in thor" of Saginaw's council-manager city a million minds about the veracity of a government charter some 35 years ago HON. JOHN J. DUNCAN public official or the wisdom of a govern­ is the principal reason for that success. OF TENNESSEE ment policy." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And, with ref•erence to a network's "trot­ As the headline reads: "All Right, ting out" in rebuttal critic Averell Harri­ 'Mac', Take A Bow": Thursday, November 20, 1969 man immediately following President Nix­ ALL RIGHT, "MAC," TAKE A Bow on's address on Vietnam two weeks ago, (By Ed Miller) Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, the speech the Vice-President observed pungently that in We've an extremely hearty and lively legend of Vice President AGNEW Des Moines "when Winston Churchill rallied opinion walking around the newsroom here today, last week has brought to the spotlight to stay the course against Hitler's Germany, smiling pleasure at the many handshakes a situation that many of us have worried he did not have to contend with a gaggle and congratulations. about a very long time. His remarks were of commentators raising doubts about He's Robert T. (Bob or Mac, take your long overdue. People throughout the whether he was reading public opinion right, choice) McMillen, who owns one of the Nation now realize that they must them­ or whether Britain had the stamina to see best names ever among Michigan newspaper­ selves "analyze" the news they receive the war through." men, and who's 80 years 9ld today. He looks The Vice-President did not add, as well and acts much younger. on the national television networks be­ he might, that such chaUenges in Britain Mac has been a newspaperman 61 years, 51 cause they may not always be watching (or in the U.S.) during the course of World of them on this newspaper, He and his wife, impartial reports. War II would have been exceedingly danger­ the former Mary Downey, have been married Mr. John Helms III, of the Gazette ous to the challengers~ life and limb. 54 years. & Mail, Morristown, Tenn., did a great Agnew madP, plain that he was not asking He became librarian of The News in 1947 job in reviewing the remarks of the Vice for governmental censorship of TV or other after mending from a severe heart attack. He President. He points to some good ex­ news media, but he was calling for responsi­ planned and set up the reference and his­ amples of what news media can do to ble news presentation. He concluded with torical library here which is vital to this this comment: "In tomorrow's edition of newspaper. _ and for a Nation. the Des Moines Register you will be able to As a slayer of errors, he still is the same He concludes: read a news story detailing what I said to­ unerring marksman he was during his young­ The Vice President's scoring of TV news night; editorial comment will be reserved er days as city editor here. is richly merited, as any analytical viewer for the editorial page. Should not the same He also writes the Bygone Days column on of television can attest, but news bias is not wall of separation exist between news and this page and makes it a delightful com­ confined to TV. comment on the nation's networks?" pound of nostalgia and sprightliness. The Vice-President's scoring of TV news Occasionally, on assignment or by his own I urge my fell ow Members to read the is richly merited, as any analytical viewer inclination, he sits down and bangs out a following editorial by Mr. Helms as it of television can attest, but news bias is news story or feature article in the style appeared in his newspaper of Sunday, not confined to TV. The current issue of which won him unsuccessful imitators in Nov~mber 16, 1969: Newsweek magazine in its cover "news" his days as a reporter-writer. story on Agnew describes the Vice-President Mac was born on this date in 1889 near AGNEW VERSUS TV (By John Helms III) as "feisty," an adjective which originally Logansport, Ind. After graduating from high . means a small dog breaking wind. school in Bellefontaine, Ohio, he started A short year ago last week the U.S. elected That's unsigned journalistic objectivity newspapering in Ohio. a new President. Richard M. Nixon's running f'or you! All of us here are required to fill out mate was a stranger to most of the country, biographical blanks. These contain personal and he was generally considered-if consid­ backgrounds, statistical information and ered at all-to be another Vice-Presidental MAXINE BRIGHT, MENTAL HEALTH accomplishments. non-entity, a political zero. Before I wrote this, I took from the library Yet today Spiro T. Agnew is widely known VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR file the biographical blank of one Robert as few if any No. 2 man in the U.S. have ever Tilton McMillen. I read the list of newspapers been known. HON. ORV AL HANSEN for which he worked and reportorial and desk Senator Barry Goldwater may have exag­ editor positions he held. gerated when he said that Agnew "may find OF IDAHO On the back page of the blank, under the himself boomed for president before it's even IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES heading of "additional data." this is what his turn," but it is safe to state thrat the Thursday, November 20, 1969 Mac wrote about himself as an addendum: Vice-President is having an immediate im­ "And, casting modesty into the hellbox: As pact on the country which none of his Mr. HANSEN of Idaho. Mr. Speaker, a reporter for the Courier-Herald, News anonymous predecessors has ever hrad. I want to call the attention of my col- November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35409 leagues to the remarkable story of a dis­ patients helpless to feed themselves-work­ Association for her work as a volunteer with tinguished citizen of Idaho who is being ing with pa.tients in the recovery room, fol­ the patients at State Hospital South. She honored this week as the Katherine lowing shock treatments. Where a helping made life happier and opened a new world Hamilton Volunteer of the Year, an hand was neded, there you would find Maxine. to chronic patients living in a slump of de­ Some of this feeling that Maxine has for spondency. Starting in 1963 she organized award presented on behalf of the Indiana patients m·ay come from working with her volunteers in good grooming projects for the Mental Health Foundation during the own nephew, Tommy, mentally retarded and women patients, planted thousands of flow­ annual meeting of the National Assocta­ psychotic. She spent hours helping him be­ ers on the hospital grounds, and organized tion for Mental Health. ginning with when he was a little fellow of outside games and activities before the hos­ Mrs. Mack Bright of Blackfoot, Idaho, three. When he entered the state hospital pital had activity therapkts. turned a family tragedy into a career six years ago, at fourteen, Maxine spent She personally took patients on shopping dedicated to helping others. Hers is a hundreds of hours with him expanding her trips, organized patient dances, exercise class­ story of quiet courage and compassion. services to other patients wherever she felt es, fashion shows and opened a gift de­ a need. partment at the hospital where patients By her devoted and unselfish service to Working to help patients adjust to life could sell their handiwork. She extended her the mentally ill, she has earned the Na­ outside the hospital has been a "natural" work by recruiting others to work with her tion's highest mental health award and for this warm-hearted ·woman. She encour­ and the patients. brought great honor and distinction to .aged a project where patients made and sold Providing an evening out at a local restau­ the State of Idaho. caramel corn on the grounds~and used the rant was another activity which proved to The love, patience, and concern for the proceeds for a real dinner out, at the Colo­ her the value of community contact. From welf·are of her less fortunate fellow nial Inn. For days they planned, fussed and then on patients were constantly invited to human beings that is reflected in Maxine groomed, and polished up good manners. her home for an evening or a weekend. And when the time came, Maxine and the When Mr. Bright died over a year ago, her Bright's volunteer services to the men­ Director of Volunteers proudly took their efforts redoubled but still she did not believe tally ill will serve as a shining example group for an evening out. she was doing all she could. She, therefore, and an inspiration for others. It is one Maxine Bright has been one of those wor):t­ accepted a job at the state hospital so she of the "small, splendid efforts" that Pres­ ing each year at the state hospital exhibit of could spend full time with the patients she ident Nixon called for in his inaugural Eastern Idaho State Fair, where sales of pa­ loves. This did not stop her volunteer ac­ address in order to build the strength tient-made rugs, pottery, pictures and tivity and almost every weekend her time and spirit of America. needlework bring money for patient funds, is filled with patients from the hospital. President Nixon said: to be used for gifts and party prizes. A member of the hospital staff said, "She Over 3,000 hours served working as a vol­ is an inspiration to every volunteer and Wi1th these, we can build a great cathedral unteer in the hospital mark only part of the loved and respected by every patient." of the spirit--each of us raising it one s•tone volunteer work done by this amazing Mrs. Bright was the sixth person to win at a time, as he reaches out to his neighbor, woman. the national award. It was first awarded to helping, caring, doing. When troubles struck her personal life­ Mrs. Reuben Waller of Salisbury, Maryland Mr. Speaker, we are grateful for Mrs. she redoubled her efforts to help others. The in 1964; to Mrs. Franklin Kearney, Indianap­ Bright and for the great contribution death of her husband, Mack, about a year olis in 1965; to John Edward Counts of ago brought great sorrow but not self-pity. Farmington, Missouri in 1966; to Norris she is making to the betterment of our Three times a week she invited groups of pa­ Adams, Jr., of Ankeny, Iowa, in 1967 and to society. We extend to her our most tients to her home for dinner and cards ... Mrs. Joseph DeGross of Weehawken, New sincere thanks and congratulations. We and concentrated on giving these institution Jersey, in 1968. would also like to commend the Bonne­ people a taste of home life. The award was made possible when Miss ville County Mental Health Association When she went to work on the housekeep­ Hamilton left the bulk of her estaite to the for calling attention to her outstanding ing staff at the hospital, and then became Mental Health Association in Indiana and work and the Indi•ana Mental Health an attendan~Maxine Bright continued to to her Vigo County chapter. The State Asso­ Memorial Foundation for the recogni­ do volunteer work and invite patients into ciation then formed the Indiana Mental tion which this award represents. her home. She is an inspiration to every vol­ Health Memorial Foundation which is dedi­ unteer, loved and respected by every patient cated to undertake, promote and develop Mr. Speaker, I include as a part of my there. research, education and all services related remarks excerpts from the nomination to the field of mental health through the submitted by the Bonneville County, [Press release of the Mental Health Associa­ careful use of bequests. Idaho, Mental Health Association and a tion in Indiana] Miss Hamilton dedicated thirty-three years press release issued by the Mental Health WASHINGTON, D.C., November 21-A woman of her life to the mentally ill during which Association of Indiana: who learned tolerance, compassion and the time she helped in the organization and KATHERINE HAMILTON VOLUNTEER OF THE love Of handicapped through her young, re­ growth of the Vigo County chapter, served YEAR tarded and psychotic nephew, and, therefore, the Mental Health Association in Indiana dedicated her life to helping the mentally ill, for ten years as a board member, secretary Excerpts from the nomination submitted today received the nation's highest mental and delegate to the National Association for by the Bonneville County (Idaho) Mental health award during the meeting of the Na­ Mental Health, eliminated the practice of Heal th Assooia tlion: tional Association '.for Mental Health at the patient jailing in her county and improved Volunteer work took on new meaning at Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C. the situation in Indiana, helped establish State Hospital South, Blackfoot, Idaho, about Mrs. Mack Bright, 788 South Broadway, psychiatric clinics and helped develop the January 1963-when Maxine Bright joined in Blackfoot, Idaho, received the Katherine Adopt-A-Patient program in which the peo­ with a helping hand and all her heart. Hamilton Volunteer of the Year Award pre­ ple assume the role of a relative of a patient. About a year later, she used organizational sented by the Indiana Mental Health Me­ She assisted in the development of hospital skill to get volunteers reorganized and going morial Foundation. volunteers in Indiana and lobbied for in­ again. Miss Amy Vanderbilt, chairman of the creased appropriations for the Department In the hospital Maxine was quick to see Awards Committee of the National Arnocia­ of Mental Health and helped expand the what could be done to make life happier and tion for Mental Health, presented a plaque National Association for Mental Health. open a new world to chronic patients living and a check for $1,000 to Mrs. Bright, which Mrs. Wilbur F. Pell, Jr., Shelbyville, In­ in a slump of despondency. She organized she will use to help purchase a bus for the diana, president of the Indiana Mental volunteers in Good Grooming projects for patients at State Hospital south in Black­ Health Memorial Foundation, said, "We are women patients and planted petunias and foot. honored to give the award to Mrs. Mack marigolds around all the hospital buildings, Nominations for the coveted award came Bright, who is in so many ways like our and be.fore the c:tiays of activity therapists at from eighteen states. Only close relatives of beloved Katherine Hamilton." our state hospital, organized outside games patients who are or have been hospitalized such as volley ball. A most worthwhile proj­ with mental illness are eligible for the award ect of hers was organi~ing a group of patients which is named in honor of Miss Katherine FEDERAL CITY COLLEGE ENTERS to do volunteer work at the hospital. They Hamilton of Terre Haute, Indiana, a long SECOND YEAR wore volunteer pins and were rewarded with time volunteer worker for the mentally ill a trip to town for a banana split once a and a sister of a patient who died in an Indi­ month by Mrs. Bright. ana state hospital. She personally took patients on shopping HON. GILBERT GUDE Senator Frank Church of Idaho said, "The OF MARYLAND trips--first seeing that each woman was honor which is being bestowed on Mrs. groomed and dressed so that she would feel Bright is highly deserved and is an honor for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comfortable downtown. the State of Idaho. Mrs. Bright's work Thursday, November 20, 1969 She helped at the patient dances, orga­ typifies that of countless volunteeTs whose nized exerc:ise classes, fashion shows, and a endeavors are of great benefit in making our Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, the Nation's gift case where patients could sell handiwork. country a better place in which to live." Capital has for too many years trailed The unpleasant jobs that some volunteers She was nominated for the award by the the other 50 States in providing its shunned were quietly accepted-handfeeding Bonneville County (Idaho) Mental Health young people access to a low-tuition 35410 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 public college. Today the District of Co­ because America's large cities, including as the Nation's first "Urban Grant" college, lumbia is moving out of these dark ages Washington, are far from healthy. No one and distinction for its contributions to the as the Federal City College enters its knows the costs of urban rot. Social stagna­ enhancement of urban life as FCC alumn.! tion is immeasurable. Educational depriva­ enter the professions, business, and govern­ second year of academic life bringing tion, the costs of unemployment, crime, hate, ment. new educational opportunities to tal­ fear, shame, violence and abuse of alcohol As we celebrate Federal City College's for­ ented students who could not otherwise and drugs surpasses many times the cost tunate acquisition of this major collection afford college at all. of education. Cities, indeed whole nations, of scholarly books and historical documents My colleague from Iowa, Representa­ decline from internal strife, from indiffer­ we recognize that the College's faculty, stu­ tive FRED ScHWENGEL, as everyone knows, ence, from incapacity to respond to human dents, and their media resources and serv­ has worked for years to improve the life suffering and from inability to learn new ices-the contemporary college library-are ways. A new quality of urban leadership is already good and that they are improving. of the District of Columbia. In his re­ needed now. Instructors and media specialists are cooper­ cent address at the dedication of the It takes more than magic to produce able ating in order to carry forward effective Working Library for the Federal City urban leaders. It takes solid education and teaching a.nd research to meet the crucial College, the distinguished gentleman progressively responsible experience rather needs of city people. from Iowa pointed to the critical need than suppression. Education can and most Among the earliest commitments the Col­ of developing able urban leaders by often does deal courageously with the prob­ lege has become especially concerned with solid education and progressively re­ lems, rights, grievances and long frustrated early childhood education and with learning aspirations of the ethnic "minorities" who resources which meet the specific interests sponsible experience. We are proud that are becoming urban "majorities." We must and needs of small children, particularly of through the Federal City College these have education that is responsive to the uni­ inner city children. The College's work in opportunities are being made possible versal needs of the children, of youth, and this field may prove to be one of its most today in contrast to what has been too the young adults who in the last quarter of valuable contributions to the enhancement often the suppression and the education­ this violent century will soon comprise over of city life. Cities which are unfit for chil­ al deprivation of the past. half of our population. Education should not dren cannot survive! Mr. Speaker, I commend to my col­ be stagnant, rigid, irrelevant or boring. It I understand that innovative media serv­ should be exciting, interesting and worth­ ices such as these have been attracting in­ leagues the remarks of Mr. ScHWENGEL while. terested professional educators, librarians, as he addressed the Federal City College Many universities, colleges, and even high scholars, and even a few statesmen from reception on October 29, 1969: schools have entered a period in which sub­ other countries who visit Federal City Col­ Good friends of Federal City College. I stantial numbers of their talented students lege to inquire and to observe. As the College am glad to have had a part in this coming and their average students as well, are losing develops, students from all fifty states arid together in this building where Federal City confidence in them. The young people ob­ from many foreign lands may Wish to enroll College was really born. I am glad to note the serve glaring discrepancies between what here. success already evident. they are being taught and what is actually . I congratulate Dr. Harland Randolph In my political life I have been on over happening in their communities and in the upon his appointment as Federal City Col­ three hundred different college campuses and world. Washington's young people, because lege's new president and on behalf of the always made it my business to be with, coun­ of their unique vantage point, are particu­ Congress wish him success. The problems of sel with and listen to students. I believe larly aware of the discrepancies between governing a city or even a nation, are cer­ from this experience that the students of classroom and textbook rhetoric and reality. tainly s1milar to those of governing a college today are as good and maybe even better in Although the economy of the District of and a university todny. Many different in­ many respects than the students I knew in Columbia offers few opportunities for the terest groups collide, conflict, contest, and college and I know this to be true !-Stu­ uneducated, the Nation's Capital lags far be­ must be harmonized. Effective government dents graduating from high school today are hind every single one of the fifty states in depends not only upon ,enlightened leaders better prepared for college than the high the numbers of its young people who have but also upon active, well educated construc­ school graduates of my time. genuine access to a lpw tuition public C'.>1- tive citizens. As John Gardner, Chairman of Today as never before, students are think­ lege. Today Federal City College can admit the Urban Coalition, has said "We have ing about important things. They are dedi­ only a fraction of the men and women who plenty of debators ... blamers ... provoc­ cated and real serious about a lot of things. seek admission; who through future taxes, ateurs . . . We don't have plenty of prob­ I think the students I talked to and coun­ are willing and will be able to repay the fi­ lem-solvers." And therein lies the challenge. selled with know and believe that this age nancial costs of their college education. These Developing urban problem-solvers is one and time calls for intelligent leadership. I young people are willing, often at great per­ of Federal City College's chief responsibHi­ also believe they are aware of the gaps in sonal hardship, to invest several irreplac·eable ties. Any city, state, or nation may easily many places in our society and they are de­ years of their lives in order to better equip maintain inferiority imply by providing in­ termined to do something about those gaps. themselves to pursue peaceful programs ferior schc-ols and colleges. The attainment They are interested in setting proper priori­ through enlightened self-interest. of excenence is another matter altogether. ties. This is good for it stems from a moral The Federal City College students, like stu­ Excellence is not attained by merely mouth­ base-a moral base is so important where dents everywhere, are asking for less talk and ing the word as if it were magic. Excellence there is freedom. My counsel, to the stu­ more action. It was an American who re­ requires honest long-range commitment and dents, based upon experience and my knowl­ mind·ed us that no doctrine, faith or knowl­ sustained hard work in the face of obstacles edge and feelings about history tells me that edge is of value to man except as it bears of all kinds. it is most important to seek to do the right fruit in action. Older, harder working, more . Acquisition of the Roy and Jeannette thing the right way at the right time and determined, and more self reliant than typi­ Nichols Working Library by Federal City place. I believe and history confirms, that cal college students elsewhere, many Federal College's Media Services System demon­ right things. can be done wrong ways and City College students are ·confident that in strates that the new College is trying to when they are, they derail and handicap less than a decade they will be occupying provide roads toward excellence for the progress. key decision-making roles in the life of the people of Washington who in this era of It is good to be here with you and share in Capital City. rapid change must increasingly rely for sur­ this display of interest, excitement and dedi­ NotWithstandlng major setbacks in its first vival on study and self-development. cation. Today, however, we are paying tribute year, Federal City College not only survived As Federal City College fulfills its grow­ to those with an interest in libraries. And but developed increased unity, pride and ing role, may the District of Columbia come especially to honor Roy and Jeanette Nichols. practical realism. Federal City College has to have as enlightened, practical, and effec­ America has a great many libraries. Some been free of the organized provocation and tive community leaders and citizens as any of them good and a few great. For various counter violence that have disrupted many city in the world! Here you are heading the unfortunate reasons most of them are rela­ colleges and universities. Divergent views ancient admonition "to make other men tively weak. It gives me pleasure to speak have found free expression at Federal City wiser and better as you can find or make here this afternoon in behalf of Federal City College. This particular market place of ideas opportunity to do so." College and its Media Service System which is very active. -Large numbers of FCC students may represent the college library of the fu­ are of relatively moderate political persua­ ture and which, judging by the evidence be­ sions. They know that moderation with in­ fore us, does not intend to be weak. It is de­ telligent action is a virtue. APPRAISING THE TUMULT AND THE termined to be strong. To the extent that the College a.nd the SHOUTING Federal City College should have been larger community meet their educational founded a hundred years ago. Let's hope it and social needs "Federal City's" students gains strength as rapidly as Jack's beanstalk, will not be tempted to resort to violence. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK because this college with the opportunities Necessary changes to eliminate urban in­ it gives people to learn has long been needed. justice and deterioration can come peace­ OF OHIO Federal City College is Washington's only fully, naturally, and promptly. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES low tuition public college of arts and sci­ Federal City College bears a unique filial Thursday, November 20, 1969 ences. Eighty-five percent of its students relationship to the Congress of the United could not otherwise afford college at all. States. Congress, through steady support, can Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, no Why is Federal City College needed? It is help the College to achieve respected stature doubt there will be additional cries of November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35411 anger and anguish over the Montgomery, little fraternity having similar social and same day, a report about some burglars who political views. I a.m against censorship in broke into a souvenir shop at St. Peters and Ala., speech of Vice President AGNEW be­ all forms. stole $9 ,000 worth of stamps and currency­ fore the Montgomery Chamber of Com­ But a broader spectrum of national opin­ that story made Page 3. How's that for news merce. Because the Washington Post and ion should be represented among the com­ judgment? the New York Times figure prominently mentators of the network news. Men who can A few weeks ago here in the South, I ex­ in the Montgomery remarks of the Vice articulate other points of view should be pressed my views about street and campus President, one should be able to judge brought forward. demonstrations. Here is how the New York the justification of the anticipated And a high wall of separation should be Times responded: raised between what is news and what is "He," (that's me) "lambasted the nation's twnult and shouting by referring to his commentary. youth in sweeping and ignorant generaliza­ actual remarks. For this reason I insert And the American people should be made tions, when it is clear to all perceptive ob­ at this point in the RECORD an advance aware of the trend toward the monopoliza­ servers that American youth today is far copy of the speech delivered by Vice Pres­ tion of the great public information vehicles more imbued with idealism, a sense of serv­ ident AGNEW at Montgomery, Ala., on and the concentration of more and more ice and a deep humanitarianism than any November 20, 1969. power over public opinion in fewer and fewer generation in recent history, including par­ hands. ticularly Mr. Agnew's (generation)." ADDRESS BY THE VICE PRESIDENT Should a conglomerate be formed that tied That seems a peculiar slur on a generation One week ago tonight I flew out to Des together a shoe company with a shirt com­ that brought America out of the Great De­ Moines, Iowa, and exercised my right to dis­ pany, some voice will rise up righteously to pression wilthout resorting to the extremes sent. say that this is a great danger to the econ­ of either fascism or Communism. That seetns There has been some criticism of what I omy; and that the conglomera.te ought to be a strange thing to say about an entire gen­ had to say out there. broken up. eration that helped to provide greater mate­ Let me give you a sampling. But a single company, in the Nation's rial blessings and personal freedom--0ut of One Congressman charged me with, and I Capital, holds control of the largest news­ that Depression-for more people than any quote, "A creeping ·socialistic scheme against paper in Washington, D.C., and one of the other nation in history. We are not finished the free enterprise broadcast industry." That four major television stations, and an all­ with the task by any means--but we are still is the first time in my memory anybody ever news radio station, and one of the three ma­ on the job. accused Ted Agnew of entertaining socialist jor national news magazines-all grinding Just as millions of young Americans in this ideas. out the same editorial line--and this is not generation have shown valor and courage On Monday, largely because of this address, a subject you have seen debated on the edi­ and heroism in fighting the longest and least Mr. Humphrey charged the Nixon Admin­ torial pages of the Washington Post or the popular war in our history-so it was the istration with a "calculated attack" on the New York Times. young men of my genera ti on who went right of dissent and on the media today. Yet, For the purpose of clarity, before my ashore at Normandy under Eisenhower and it is widely known that Mr. Humphrey him­ thoughts are obliterated in the smoking with MacArthur into the Philippines. self believes deeply that unfair coverage of typewriters of my friends in Washington and Yes, my generation, like the current gen­ the Democratic Convention in Chicago, by New York, let me emphasize I am not rec­ eration, made its own share of great mistakes the same media, contributed to his defeat in ommending the dismemberment of the and blunders. Among other things, we put November. Now, his wounds are apparently Washington Post Company. I am merely too much confidence in Stalin and not healed, and he casts his lot with those who pointing out that the public should be aware enough in Winston Churchill. were questioning his own political courage that these four powerful voices harken to But whatever freedom exists today in a year ago. But let us leave Mr. Humphrey the same master. Western Europe and Japan exists because to his own conscience. America already has I am merely raising these questions so that hundreds of thousands of young men in my too many politicians who would rather the American people will become aware of­ generation are lying in graves in North switch than fight. and thirik of the implications of-the grow­ Africa and France and Korea and a score of Others charged that my purpose was to ing monopolization of the voices of public islands in the Western Pacific. stifle dissent in this country. Nonsense. The opinion on which we all depend-for our This might not be considered enough of a expression of my views has produced enough knowledge and for the basis of our views. "sense of service" or a ·"deep humanitarian­ rugged _dissent in the last week to wear out When the Washington Times-Herald died ism" for the "perceptive critics" who write a whole covey of commentators and in the Nation's Capital,· that was a political editorials for the New York Times, but it's columnists. tragedy; and when the New York Journal­ good enough for me; and I am content to One critic charged that the speech was American, the New York World-Telegram let history be the judge. "disgraceful, ignorant and base," that it and Sun, the New York Mirror and the New Now, let me talk briefly a.bout this young­ York HeraUl-Tribune all collapsed within "leads us as a nation into an ugly era of the er generation. I have not and do not con­ this decade, that was a great, great political demn this generation of young Americans. most fearsome suppression and intimida­ tragedy for the people of New York. The tion." One national commentator, whose Like Edmund Burke, I would not know how New York Times was a better newspaper name is known to everyone in this room, to "draw up an indictment against a whole when they were alive than it is now that people." They are our sons and daughters. said "I hesitate to get into the gutter with they are gone. this guy." Another commentator charges that They contain in their numbers many gifted, What has happened in the city of New idealistic and courageous young men and it was "one of the most sinister speeches I York has happened in other great cities in have every heard made by a public official." women. America. But they also list in their numbers an The president of one network said it was an Many, many strong independent voices "unprecedented attempt to intimidate a news arrogant few who march under the flags and have been stilled in this country in recent portraits of dictators, who intimidate and medium which depends for its existence upon years. Lacking the vigor of competition, some government 11censes." The president of harass university professors, who use gutter of those that have survived have, let us face obscenities to shout down speakers with another charged me with "an appeal to it, grown fat and irresponsible. prejudice," and said it was evident that I whom they disagree, who openly profess their I o!fer an example. When 300 Congressmen belief in the efficacy of violence in a demo­ would prefer the kind of television "that and 59 Senators signed a letter endorsing would be subservient to whatever political cratic sooiety. the President's policy in Vietnam it was The preceding generation had its own group happened to be in authority at the news--big news. Even the Washington Post time." breed of losers-and our generation dealt and the Baltimore Sun-scarcely house or­ with them through our courts, our laws and And they say I have a thin skin. gans of the Nixon Administration-placed it Here are classic examples of overreaction. our system. The challenge now is for the new prominently on the front page. generation to put their own house in order. These attacks do not address themselves to Yet the next morning the New York Times, the questions I have raised. In fairness, which considers itself America's paper of rec­ Today, Dr. Sydney Hook writes of "Storm others-the majority of critics and com­ ord, did not carry a word. Why? Troopers" on the campus; that "fanaticism mentators--did take up the main thrust of If a theology student in Iowa should get seems to be in the saddle." Arnold Beichman my address. And if the debate they have up a.t a PTA luncheon in Sioux City and at­ writes of "young Jacobins" in our schools engaged in continues, our goal will surely tack the President's Vietnam policy, my who "have cut down university adminis­ be reached-a thorough self-examination by guess is that you would probably find it re­ trators, forced curriculum changes, halted the networks of their own policies--and per­ ported somewhere the next morning in the classes, closed campuses and set a nation­ haps prejudices. That was my objective then; New York Times. But when 300 Congressmen wide chill of fear through the university it is my objective now. endorse the President's Vietnam policy, the establishment." Walter Laqueur writes in Now, let me repeat to you the thrust of next morning it is apparently not considered Commentary that "the cultural and political my remarks the other night, and ~ake some news flt to print. idiocies perpetrated with impunity in this new points and raise some new issues. Just this Tuesday, when the Pope, the permissive age have gone clearly beyond the I am opposed to censorship of television Spiritual Leader of half a billion Roman borders of what is acceptable for any society, or the press in any form. I don't care whether Catholics applauded the President's efforts to however liberally it may be constructed." censorship is imposed by government or end the war in Vietnam, and endorsed the George Kennan has devoted a brief, cogent whether it results from management in the way he was proceeding-that news was on and alarming book to the inherent dangers choice and the presentation of the news by a Page 11 of the New York Times. But the of what is taking place in our society and in CXV--2230-Part 26 35412 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 our universities. Irving Kristol writes that their statements and their positions just as ruling by Judge Gerhard A. Gesell will rest our "radical students ... find it possible to we must defend ours. And when their criti­ with the solicitor general. be genuinely heartsick at the injustice and cism becomes excessive or unjust, we shall The matter was t-qrned over to that office brutalities of American society, while bland­ invite them down from their ivory towers to because any appeal of Gesell's ruling goes ly approving of injustice and brutality com­ enjoy the rough and tumble of the public directly to the Supreme Court since the mitted in the name of 'the revolution'." debate. judge held unconstitutional a section of a These are not names drawn at random I do not seek to intimidate the press, the criminal statute. from the letterhead of an Agnew-for-Vice­ networks or anyone else from speaking out. Flannery said clarification is needed to President Committee. But the time for blind acceptance of their guide police and other judges of the U.S. These are men more eloquent and erudite opinions is past. And the time for naive District Court. than I. They raise questions that I have belief in their neutrality is gone. Gesell's ruling is not binding on the other tried to raise. But, as to the future, all of us could do judges. Only the Supreme Court could make For among this generation of Americans worse than take as our own the motto of his decision law. there are hundreds who have burned their William Lloyd Garrison who said: "I am in The judge held on Nov. 10 that the 1901 draft cards and scores who have deserted to earnest. I wm not equivocate. I will not ex­ abortion law was unconstitutional in part Canada and Sweden to sit out the war. To cuse. I will not retreat a single inch. And I because of vague wording. some Americans, a small minority, these are will be heard." He held that abortions can be performed the true young men of conscience in the by qualified physicians without the physi­ coming generation. Voices are and will be cians being required to show the abortions raised in the Congress and beyond asking were necessary to preserve the lives or health that amnesty should be provided for "these ABORTION, EUTHANASIA-BU­ of the mothers. young and misguided American boys." And CHENWALD REVISITED His ruling threw out two charges involving they wm be coming home one d!\-Y from Dr. Milan M. Vuitch, who had challenged the Sweden and Canada, and from a small mi­ constitutionality of the old law. nority they will get a hero's welcome. However, yesterday Dr. Vuitch was sen­ HON. JOHN R. RARICK tenced to a year in prison and fined $5,000 They are not our heroes. Many of our OF LOUISIANA heroes will not be coming home; some are for performing an illegal abortion in Mont­ coming back in hospital ships, without limbs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gomery County. or eyes, with scars they shall carry the rest Maryland permits abortions if conducted Thursday, November 20, 1969 by qualified physicians in accredited hos­ of their lives. Having witnessed firsthand the quiet cour­ Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, earlier this pitals, but under no circumstances in a doc­ age of wives and parents receiving post­ week in commenting on the action of tor's office. humously for their heroes Congressional Judge Gerhard A. Gesell in striking Medals of Honor, how am I to react when down a portion of the criminal abortion [From the Washington, (D.C.) Post, Nov. people say, "Stop speaking out, Mr. Agnew, law in the District of Columbia, I pointed 20, 1969] stop raising your voice." out that our Nation's Capital might well SIXTY-TWO PERCENT IN BRITAIN FAVOR Should I remain silent while what these become the base of operations for the ABORTION heroes have done is v111fied by some as "a LoNDON.-Sixty-two per cent of the Brit­ dirty and immoral war" and criticized by abortion industry. ish public is in favor of allowing abortions, others as no more than a war brought on by A review of the situation in other but want Britain's abortion law changed, the chauvinistic, anti-communism of Presi­ jurisdictions seems to indicate that a a recent Gallup poll indicated. dents Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon? concerted attack on the abortion statutes The 62 per cent favoring abortions said These young men made heavy sacrifices so is being made. Appealing arguments they should be performed or supervised by that a developing people on the rim of Asia dealing with the so-called rights of wom­ the National Health Service or officially ap­ might have a chance for freedom that they en to bear or not bear a particular child proved consultants, the poll said. will not have if the ruthless men who rule in Hanoi should ever rule over Saigon. What can be dangerously misleading. Entirely [From the Spartanburg Journal, is dirty or immoral about that? apart from religious, moral, or ethical Apr. 28, 1969] One magazine this week said that I will sanctions against such conduct, there BRITISH LmERALS ADVOCATE MERCY KILLINGS go down as the "great polarizer" in American exist a real pitfall. (By Tom Cullen) politics. Yet, when that large group of young This is a situation in which we are Americans marched up Pennsylvania and LoNDON.-Britain's brave, new permissive dealing with life itself. The essence of society has aboldshed hangings as the pen­ Constitution Avenues last week-they sought abortion is the making of a choice as to to polarize the American people against the alty for murder. It has legalized abortion President's policy in Vietnam. And that was whether or not a life will be terminated. and homosexuality between consenting their right. If we accept the termination of a life adults. Looking for new fields to conquer, And so it is my right, and my duty, to stand at the will of another we have opened British liberals have now turned their at­ up and speak out for the values in which I a real Pandora's box. If abortion is per­ tention to euthanasia, or mercy killing. believe. How can you ask the man in the mitted we next face squarely the question The permissive-minded hold that euthana­ street in this country to stand up for what sia, which is defined as "the painless putting of euthanasia or other "mercy" killings­ to death of persons suffering from incuraible he believes if his own elected leaders weasel etlicient disposition of the unwanted, the and cringe. diseases," should be available to all who aged, ill, infirm, insane, or mentally need it under Britain's socialized medicine. It is not an easy thing to wake up each morning to learn that some prominent man deficient. A bill to this effect was recently debated or institution has implied that you are a Those who urge the propriety of such in the House of Lords, where t was defeated action should never forget that under the by a 3-to-2 majority. The bill made it lawful bigot, a racist or a fool. to administer euthanasia to a patient so long I am not asking any immunity from criti­ euthanasia laws of the Third Reich many as he requested it and two doctors, one of cism. That is the lot of the man in politics; . of the killings which appalled the whom a consultant, had certified him to be we would have it no other way in this Demo­ civilized world were entirely lawful. For suffering from an incurable condition. cratic Society. their punishment it was necessary for In throwing the bill out, members of the But my political and journalistic adver­ us to join in the creation of ex post facto House of Lords argued that it was immoral, saries sometimes seem to be asking some­ laws reprehensible as they are to our impractical, and tha,t, in effect, it provided thing more-that I circumscribe my rhetori­ for suicide by proxy. cal freedom, .while they place no restrictions civilized theory of justice. I include in my remarks a news clip­ However, the British Euthanasia Society is on theirs. retailoring its bill to meet objections and As President Kennedy once observed in a ping reporting the recommended appeal has announced its intention to introduce it far more serious matter, that is like offer­ together with other pertinent clippings again in Parliament. ing an apple for an orchard. indicating the relationship between British euthanasians admit that they will We do not accept those terms for continu­ abortion, legalized suicide, and euthana­ have their work cut out to convince prac­ ing the national dialogue. The day when the sia in Great Britain: ticing Christians, to whom all life forms of network commentators and even gentlemen life are sacred and rest in God's hands. of the New York Times enjoyed a form of [From the Washington, (D.C.) Evening Star, Voluntary euthanasia, the clergymen diplomatic immunity from comment and Nov. 19, 1969] argue, is the slippery slope which could lead criticism of what they said-that day is over. FLANNERY AsKS APPEAL OF ABORTION LAW to a Nazi-s,tyle elimination of those whom Just as a politician's words-wise and RULING future society might judge as undesirable. foolish-are dutifully recorded by the press U.S. Atty. Thomas A. Flannery disclosed Nonsense argue the proponents of mercy and television to be thrown up to him at today he has ask.ed the solicitor general to killing. That slope only begins when society the appropriate time, so their words should appeal a ruling by a judge which struck decides to kill people against their own will. likewise be recorded and likewise recalled. down key segments of the District's abortion Another argument advanced against When they go beyond fair comment and law. euthanasia is that it would place doctors in criticism they will be called upon to defend Flannery said the decision to appeal the an intolerable position. "Everytime the doc- November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35413 tor entered the room, the patient would Now you are ready to start trimming the a public service of the highest order. It wonder, 'Is this man about to kill me?'" tree. The lights go on first. Place one light has often been said of those in public life Lord Brock, a past president of the Royal at the top and then one on the tip of each College of Surgeons, pointed out in the branch. If you run out of lights either go that even constructive criticism of the House of Lords. buy some more or cut off some of the news media is dangerous in the extreme Legalized euthanasia would also encourage branches. You've got to have a light on each because you get one crack and they have the doctor "to play at being God, a dangerous branch or your tree won't look as nice as every day to follow. But the Vice Presi­ game," Lord Brock added. the Porters'. dent seeks true freedom of speech and But doctors already "play at being God" If some of the branches seem to sag you accurate reporting of the news events of by prolonging life, the euthanasians claim. may need to splice the limb with a special the day. In the modern world the doctor is continual­ Christmas tree limb splicer. Explicit direc­ Nowhere in his remarks, either in the ly interfering with nature. Besides, many tions are given in a manual which comes doctors already administer euthanasia. free with each box of Christmas tree limb address that follows or in his previous In a sample poll of 1,000 British doctors splicers. Send for your kit today. No money public statements, is there any call to taken in 1965, three-quarters agreed that it down. Easy monthly payments, adjusted in stifle the press or muzzle TV. On the was right "to help their patients over the last accordance with your income, won't start contrary, all the Vice President seeks is hurdle, even if it involves some curtailment until January first. objective reporting of the news events of of life." In this same poll, 36 per cent de­ So much for the first week. The lights are the day so that the people of our land clared that if voluntary euthanasia were in place and have passed inspection. You may arrive at their individual judgments made legal, they were prepared to administer are now ready for ornaments. Well, maybe well informed and accurately informed. it. not quite. The question of two red lights The British Euthanasia Society, which is being separated only by one yellow light This has not been the case in many over 30 years old, is headed by Lord Listowel, must be settled. To avoid this situation, it is demonstrable instances with which the who is the powerful chairman of committees wise not to have two lights of the same general public is familiar as they watch in the House Of Lords, and its members in­ color on the tree. their televisions and listen to the radio clude the Bishop of Birmingham, the Duke of Now the ornaments. Unpack them very commentators in the far corners of this Wellington and actor Jack Hawkins. carefully from the big box in which they great country. It has made two previous attempts, in have been stored. Throw away those that 1936 and in 1950, to get euthanasia legisla­ have been damaged or have faded or any I urge those who have reservations or tion on the books, but failed. However, the that don't look quite as good as you remem­ doubts concerning this great debate to subject has never excited so much discus­ bered. With luck, you should have a few read the remarks of the Vice President in sion as at present. good ones, but you will undoubtedly need to their full context. Once read it will be To many the way was paved for the pres­ make a trip to town for more. Regardless of recognized, I think, that the Vice Presi­ ent debate by the 1961 Suicide Act, which what it costs, it is important to have· attrac­ dent of the United States is performing made it no longer a felony to attempt to tive ornaments that are 'ust a little bit dif­ a distinct and valuable public service. take one's life. ferent. No cost should be. spared in obtaining The address follows: Thus, the Voluntary Euthanasia Bill is ornaments that will make the Christmas merely an extension of licensed suicide. season a joyous occasion. If you can't find One week ago tonight I flew out to Des attractive ornaments in your town, take a jet Moines, Iowa, and exercised my right to dis­ The debate on euthanasia has widened to sent. include other disquieting issues. Heart trans­ to New York or Germany, if necessary. This plants and kidney machines have already will cause a slight delay. There has been some criticism of what I placed life-or-death powers in the physician's Since standing on a ladder does present a had to say out there. hands, the advocate of mercy killings argue. hazard, before placing the ornaments on the Let me give you a sampling. In what way do the moral problems raised tree, it is well first to fortify yourself with One Congressman charged me with, and I euthanasia differ from those the doctor al­ some sort of stabilizer (it has never been quote, "A creeping socialistic scheme againi::t ready faces? necessary to give directions for this). When the free enterprise broadcast industry." That is the first time in my memory anybody ever "If you do not have enough kidney ma­ you are on the ladder ready for action, place one hand in the handle you have nailed to accused Ted Agnew of entertaining socialist chines to go around, to whom do you give ideas. priority?" Lord Ritchie-Calder asked in the the ceiling and with the other hand hold the recent House of Lords debate. "To a Mem­ tree limb and with the other hand place the On Monday, largely because of this address, ber of Parliament, or a Nobel Prize winner, ornament on the limb. Those who do not Mr. Humphrey charged the Nixon Adminis­ because he is old and eminent? have three hands may find it possible to tration with a "calculated attack" on the hold on to the handle with their teeth or to 1 "Suppose there is a youngster of 15 who right of dissent and on the media today. put one foot through the handle. There are Yet, it is widely known that Mr. Hwnphrey needs the machine. We do not know whether numerous possibilities. he is going to be a juvenile delinquent or is a himself believes deeply thait unfair coverage Be sure to put the expensive ornaments of the Democratic Convention in Chicago, by potential criminal, but he might be a Nobel at the top out of the ohildren's reach. If the Prize winner." the same media, contributed to his defeat in child is smart enough to get the fancy orna­ November. Now, his wounds are apparently ments by shaking the tree, it is only sporting healed, and he casts his lot with those who that his ingenuity be rewarded. were questioning his own political courage TO TRIM A TREE Don't stop with just ornaments and lights. a year ago. But let us leave Mr. Humphrey to Make the tree a masterpiece that reflects your hds own conscience. America already has too own deep personality. Look for ideas in the many politicians who would rather switch HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE attic, the cupboards, your wife's purse­ than fight. OF MISSOURI you'll create a tree that everyone will talk about for years! Others charged that my purpose was to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The wo:q.drous joy of decorating the tree stifle dissent in this country. Nonsense. The expression of my views has produced enough Thursday, November 20, 1969 does not end when the last piece of tinsel is in plac.e; for all through the season, as rugged dissent in the l'ast week to wear Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, since it lights blow out and ornaments crash to the out a whole covey of commentatom and is becoming abundantly apparent that floor, you once again will have the thrill and columnists. ohallenge of expressing yourself anew. The One critic charged that the speech was we will be here Christmas eve, I would "disgraceful, ignorant and base," that it like all the Members to get a head start greatest moment of all may come when the whole tree falls over on Christrrras Day! "leads us as a nation into an ugly era ot on the Christmas season. Enclosed is the the moot fearsome suppression and intimi­ Halbach Guide To Trimming Christmas Dispooing of the tree is a personal matter, but it isn't just a coincidence that so many dation." One national commentator, whose Trees: houses mysteriously burn down a day or two name ls known to everyone in this room, To TRIM A TREE after New Year's. said "I hesitate to get into the gutter with The Christmas tree must first of all be this guy." Another commentator charges that purchased-that's the way Santa wants it. it was '.'one of the most sinister speeches I However, before purchasing the tree, it is VICE PRESIDENT AGNEW'S PUBLIC have ever heard made by a public official." wise to refer to your almanac. If it's going SERVICE The President of one network said it was to be a green Christmas, you will want a an "unprecedented attempt to intimiida.te white tree. If it is going to be a white Christ­ a news medium which depends for its exist­ mas, you will want a green tree. If it is HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN ence upon government licenses." The Presi­ going to be a hot Christmas, you may prefer dent of another charged me with "an appeal an elm-an elm will give you more shade. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE to prejudice," and said it was evident that I You will probably find that you have pur­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would prefer the kdnd of television "that chased a tree that is six inches too tall. Thursday, November 20, 1969 would be subservient to whatever political Your next question is whether it is too tall group h 1appened to be in authority at the at the top or at the bottom. If it is a warm Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, Vice Presi­ time." day-compromise and cut a hole in the dent AGNEW'S address to the Montgom­ And they say I have a thin skin. ce111ng. ery, Ala., Chamber of Commerce today is Here are classic examples of overreaction. 35414 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 These attacks do not ad.dress themselves to Yet the next morning the New York Times, Today, Dr. Sydney Hook writes of "Storm the questions I have raiised. In fairness, which considers itself America's paper of rec­ Troopers" on the campus; that "fanaticism others-the majority of critics and commen­ ord, did not carry a word. Why? seems to be in the saddle." Arnold Beich­ tators--did take up the main thrust of my If a theology student in Iowa should get man writes of "young Jaicobins" in our address. And if the debate they have engaged up at a PTA luncheon in Sioux City and at­ schools who "have cut down university ad­ in continues, our goal will surely be tack the President's Vietnam policy, my guess ministrators, forced curriculum changes, reached-a thorough self-examination by the is that you would probably find it reported halted classes, closed campuses and set a networks of their own policies--and perhaps somewhere the next morning in the New nation-wide chill of fear through the uni­ prejudices. That was my objective then; it is York Times. But when 300 Congressmen en­ versity establishment." Walter Laqueur my objective now. dorse the President's Vietnam policy, the writes in Commentary that "the cultural and Now, let me repeat to you the thrust of next morning it is apparently not considered political idiocies perpetrated with impunity my remarks the other night, and make some news fit to print. in this permissive age have gone clearly be­ new points and raise some new issues. Just this Tuesday, when the Pope, the yond the borders of what is acceptable for I am opposed to censorship of television or Spiritual Leader of half a. billion Roman any society, however liberally it may be con­ the press in any form. I don't care whether Catholics applauded the President's efforts structed." censorship is imposed by government or to end the war in Vietnam, and endorsed George Kennan has devoted a brief, cogent whether it results from management in the the way he was proceeding-that news was and alarming book to the inherent dangers choice and the presentation of the news by on Page 11 of the New York Times. But the of what is taking place in our society and a little fraternity having similar social and same day, a report about some burglars who in our universities. Irving Kristo! writes that political views. I am against censorship in broke into a souvenir shop at St. Peters and our "racial students ... find it possible to be all forms. stole $9,000 worth of stamps and currency­ genuinely heartsick at the injustice and bru­ But a broader spectrum of national opin­ that story made Page 3. How's that for news talities of American society, while blandly ion should be represented among the com­ judgment? approving of injustice and brutality com­ mentators of the network news. Men who can A few weeks ago here in the South, I ex­ mitted in the name of 'the revolution'." articulate other points of view should be pressed my views a.bout street and campus These are not nam:es drawn at random from brought forward. demonstrations. Here is how the New York the letterhead of an Agnew-for-Vice-Presi­ And a high wall of separation should be Times responded: dent Committee. raised between what is news and what is "He," (that's me) "lambasted the nation's These are men more eloquent and erudite commentary. youth in sweeping and ignorant generaliza­ than I. They raise questions that I have tried And the American people shoold be made tions, when it is clear to all perceptive ob­ to raise. aware of the trend toward the monopolization servers that American youth today is far more For among this generation of Americans of the great public information vehicles and imbued with idealism, a sense of service and there are hundreds who have burned their the concentration of more and more power a deep humanitarianism than any generation draft cards and scores who have deserted to over public opinion in fewer and fewer hands. in recent history, including particularly Mr. Canada and Sweden to sit out the war. To Should a conglomerate be formed that tied Agnew's (generation)." some Americans, a small minority, these are together a shoe company with a shirt com­ That seems a peculiar slur on a genera­ the true young men of conscience in the pany, some voice will rise up righteously to tion that brought America out of the Great coming generation. Voices are and will be say that this is a great danger to the econ­ Depression without resorting to the extremes raised in the Congress and beyond asking omy; and that the conglomerate ought to of either fascism or Communism. That seems a strange thing to say about an entire genera­ that amnesty should be provided for "these be broken up. tion that helped to provide greater material young and misguided American boys." And But a single company, in the Nation's Capi­ blessings and personal freedom-out of that they will be coming home one day from tal, holds control of the largest newspaper Depression-for more people than any other Sweden and Canada, and from a small mi­ in Washington, D.C., and one of the four nation in history. We are not finished witth nority they will get a hero's welcome. major television stations, and an all-news the task by any means-but we are still on They are not our heroes. Many of our radio station, and one of the three major the job. heroes will not be coming home; some are national news magazines-all grinding out Just as millions of young Americans in this coming back in hospital ships, without limbs the same editorial line-and this is not a generation have shown valor and courage or eyes, with scars they shall carry the rest subject you have seen debated on the edi­ and heroism in fighting the longest and of their lives. torial pages of the Washington Post or the least popular war in our history-so i·t was Having witnessed firsthand the quiet New York Times. . the young men of my generation who went courage of wives and parents receiving post­ For the purpose of cl,arity, before my ashore at Normandy under Eisenhower and humously for their heroes Congressional thoughts are obliterated in the smoking with MacArthur into the Philippines. Medals of Honor, how am I to react when typewriters of my friends in Washington Yes, my generation, like the current gen­ people say, "Stop speaking out, Mr. Agnew, and New York, let me emphasize I aim not eration, made its own share of great mis­ stop raising your voice." recommending the d'ismemberment of the takes and blunders. Among other things, Should I remain silent while what these Washington Post Company. I am merely we put too much confidence in Stalin and heroes have done is vilified by some as "a pointing out that the pubUc should be aware not enough in Winston Church111. dirty and immoral war" and criticized by that these four powerful voices hearken to But whatever freedom exists today in West­ others as no more than war brought on by the same master. ern Europe and Japan exists because hun­ the chauvinistic, anti-communism of Presi­ I am merely raising these questions so that dreds of thousands of young men in my dents Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon? the Amerioan people will become aw.are of­ genera.tion are lying in graves in North Af­ These young men made heavy sacrifices and think of the implications of-the grow­ rica and France and Korea and a score of so that a developing people on the rim of ing monopolization of the voices of public islands in the Western Pacific. Asia might have a chance for freedom that opinion on which we all depend-for our This might not be considered enough of they will not have if the ruthless men who knowledge and for the basis of our views. a "sense of service" or a "deep humanitar­ rule in Hanoi should ever rule over Saigon. When the Washington Times-Herald died ianism" for the "perceptive critics" who What is dirty or immoral about that? in the Nation's C&pital, that was a political write editorials for the New York ·Times, but One magazine this week said I will go tragedy; and when the New York Journal­ it's good enough for me; and I am content down as the "great polarizer" in American American, the New York World-Telegram to let history be the judge. politics. Yet, when that large group of young and Sun, the New York Mirror and the New Now, let me talk briefly about this younger Americans marched up Pennsylvania and York Herald-Tribune all collapsed within generation. I have not and do not condemn Oonstitution Avenues last week-they this decade, that was a great, great political this generation of young Americans. Like sought to polarize the American people tragedy for the people of New York. The New Edmund Burke, I would not know how to against the President's policy in Vietnam. York Times was a better newspaper when "draw up an indictment against a whole peo­ And that was their right. they were alive than it is now that they are ple." They are our sons and daughters. They And so it is my right, and my duty, to gone. contain in their numbers many gifted, ideal­ stand up and speak out for the values in What has happened in the city of New istic and courageous young men and women. which I believe. How can you ask the man York has happened in other great cities in But they also list in their numbers an ar­ in the street in this country to stand up for America. rogant few who march under the :flags and what he believes if his own elected leaders Many, many strong independent voices portraits of dictators, who intimidate and weasel and cringe. have been stilled in this country in recent harass university professors, who use gut­ It is not an easy thing to wake up each years. Lacking the vigor of competition, some ter obscenities to shout down speakers with morning to learn that some prominent man of those that have survived have, let us face whom they disagree, who openly profess or institution has implied that you a.re a it, grown fat and irresponsible. their belief in the efficacy of violence in a bigot, a racist or a fool. I offer an example. When 300 Congressmen democratic society. I am not asking any immunity from criti­ and 59 Senators signed a letter endorsing The preceding generation had its own cism. That is the lot of the man in politics; the President's policy in Vietnam it was breed of losers-and our generation dealt we would have it no other way in this demo­ news--big news. Even the Washington Post with them through our court.s, our laws and cratic society. and the Baltimore Sun-scarcely house or­ our system. The challenge now is for the But my political and journalistic adver­ gans of the Nixon Administration-placed it new generation to put their own house in saries sometimes seem to be asking some­ prominently on the front pa.ge. order. thing more--that I circumscribe my rhetori- November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35415 cal freedom, while they place no restrictions ciety but there is real danger in the com­ the basic individual freedoms that have on theirs. placency and the apathy of the masses. sustained this country throughout its As President Kennedy once observed in a Too many of us wring our hands in despair history. This attack, which I must as­ far more serious matter, that is like offering and do little else. an apple for an orchard. Too many of us shrink from becoming in­ sume is organized and directed by the We do not accept those terms for continu­ volved. White House and not as in the past by ing the national dialogue. The day when the Too many of us who are well have sur­ demogogic Congressmen or by lunatic network commentators and even gentlemen rendered to those who are sick. fringe groups, has become manifested by of the New York Times enjoyed a form of Too many of us hope--hope, but not pray­ the exertion of the great might of the diplomatic immunity from comment and for a miraculous cure to the ills which beset Executive against the news media, criticism of what they said-that day is over. us. against war protesters, and against Just as a politician's word&-wise and Bums who seek a dole instead of honest foolish-are dutifully recorded by the press y.rork brazenly burn their draft cards and the Americans who feel that they must listen and television to be thrown up to him at the Flag of our nation while the flower of our to the dictates of their consciences and appropriate time, so their words should like­ youth is blighted in a frustrating, far-off act accordingly. wise be recorded and likewise recalled. war not of its making. On Saturday, November 15, Washing­ When they go beyond fair comment and Communist-inspired splinter groups create ton, D.C., witnessed the greatest peaceful criticism they will be called upon to defend havoc on college campuses and even now are protest in the history of our great, free their statements and their positions just as infiltrating many of our high schools, thus we must defend ours. And when their criti­ impairing the educational opportunities of land. Estimates vary from the admitted cism becomes excessive or unjust, we shall millions of right-thinking young Americans. modest minimum acknowledged by the invite them down from their ivory towers to Sedition, treason and crimes of violence District of Columbia Metropolitan Police enjoy the rough and tumble of the public often go unpunished because our highest of 250,000 persons to the much larger debate. courts seem to have substituted license for claim made by moratorium leaders of I do not seek to intimidate the press, the justice. some 800,000 demonstrators. In any case, networks or anyone else from speaking out. Law and order have been shackled, not be­ for those who marched, for those who But the time for blind acceptance of their cause our law enforcement officers are in­ came despite Nixon administration opinions is past. And the time for naive be­ capable or inept but because we, the people lief in their neutrality is gone. fail to demand positive action on the part threats of mass violence, for those who But, as to the future, all of us could do of our elected representatives in government. arrived cognizant of the snide innuendos worse than take as our own the motto of We must realize and never forget that we deriding their patriotism and sincerity, William Lloyd Garrison who said: "I am are engaged in a life or death struggle with for all those, young and old, who came in earnest. I will not equivocate. I will not a growing communist menace. One quarter with a feeling of uneasiness and fear that excuse. I wm not retreat a single inch. And of the land area of the world and one-third Attorney General Mitchell and Assistant I will be heard." of the earth's population are now under com­ munist domination. Communists mean it Attorney General Kleindienst so very when they say they intend to bury us. They efficiently aroused, Saturday was a very would destroy freedom everywhere and en­ beautiful day. THIS STAR SPANGLED BANNER slave all mankind. Complete world domina­ The icy winds and freezing tempera­ tion is their admitted goal. And make no tures that chilled everyone to the bone mistake, they are working toward this end and the long hours of waiting in line for 24 hours a day, every day. HON. WILLIAM LLOYD SCOTT Now I may be naive but I believe a solu­ one's turn to get into the march of OF vmGINIA tion to our problems is within the reach Americans down Pennsylvania Avenue IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of every American. We need only to grasp it. were minor inconveniences to be suf­ fered by these citizens. They all seemed Thursday, November 20, 1969 What we need most is to rekindle in the hearts of Americans a burning, flaming, a.ll­ cognizant that their sacrifice was of lit­ Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, the post­ encompassing love of God and country. A tle consequence when compared to the master of Fredericksburg, Va., a city love so strong that it will impel us to fight ultimate sacrifice being made by their within my congressional district, has to resrtore the principles we hold dear. contemporaries, their sons and brothers, Religion and patriotism! Yes, this is the written an item in the Postmaster's Ga­ double-barreled weapon to bring us victory. their schoolmates and friends, who are zette which I would like to share with Reldgion which both preaches and practices dying in Vietnam. These protesters, my colleagues entitled "This Star Span­ goodwill to all men and a personal com­ these dissenters, were doing their part, gled Banner." It is a thought-provoking mitment to do one's best. Patriotism which their duty, to bring peace to America patriotic article by Lemual W. Houston, a reaffirms our pride and our faith in our na­ now. vice president O'f the National Associa­ tion, in our fellowmen and in ourselves. Scattered throughout the multitudes tion of Postmasters and a friend of long­ We can ftnd hope and courage, inspiration that day were a few Vietcong flags and and salvation if we but turn our thoughts to standing. Let us hope that the long silent God and our eyes to the flag of our country. the banners of revolution and anarchy. majority wm begin to speak out in force We must become involved to assure that Their presence angered many if not most on such timely subjects. The full text our schools return to a teaching of Ameri­ of the marchers, but when they realized of the article appears below: canism as it was conceived by the founding that this small minority, and it was a THIS STAR SPANGLED BANNER ... fathers. very, very small minority, of those pres­ Postmasters are among the few Americans We must demand obedience to the laws of ent, had the same right to be waving W'ho proudly fly the Flag of our country eacih God and the laws of man. those banners as they, the majority had day. This l.is a high privilege. We must actively crusade against the to be marching, they did not attempt to In these turbulent times, perhaps more poisonous filth which now contaminates our stifle those voices or rip down their ban­ than ever before, we may need to remind mail and which we find in our book shops, at our movies and on television. ners-for this was a peaceful march as ourselves and others of the gTa.ndeur of Old anyone who was there that day or any­ Glory. A.nd yes, we must pray. As never before we The FLag of a nation is but the symbol need to share our problems with almighty one who spoke to reliable persons who of that nation's instirtutions, epitomizing its God and to seek His guidance and help. observed or participated will readily at­ moraLs, its purpose, its traditions, its spirit, The power of God can change the hearts test. its people and its government. of men. And God knows the hearts of men The administration appears expert in The Stars and Stripes represent the great­ everywhere need to be changed. manipulating public opinion and using ness of America, and the greatness of Amer­ propaganda techniques to shape and ilca is de.termined; not by the resources hid­ mold public opinion for their own pur­ den in her soil, nor by its pomp, power or poses. The mass violent confrontation wealth, but by the devotion of its people to MORATORIUM FOR PEACE the fund.amental principles of Liberty, Jus­ that they warned of, the unnamed secret tice and Democraicy. plotters and plots, the organized destruc­ No greater curse could befall us as a peo­ HON. CHARLES H. WILSON tion insinuated to be about to engulf ple nor one that would more speedily ac­ OF CALIFORNIA the Nation's Capital, all these did not complish our destruction as a nation than materialize. And yet the Nixon adminis­ for the FLag of our country to become the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tration would lead Americans to believe flag of a godless people. Thursday, November 20, 1969 that the District of Columbia was en­ Like you, I am disturbed and I am angered gulfed in violence and that march lead­ by conditions which now prevail in many Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON. Mr. parts of our country. There is a sickness in Speaker, today the people of the United ers aided this violence through a combi­ this land we love. Thank God it is presently States are witnessing the most power­ nation of inaction and affirmative action. confined to only a small segment of our so- ful, concentrated, determined attack on They continue in their charges that the 35416 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 march on Washington for peace in Viet­ out on the issues that face the Nation. are patriotic, sound, and members of the nam was to have been a vehicle for vio­ I am sure that this he will do. But I also great silent majority versus persons who are lence. By doing this, they seek to gag call on him to halt the attacks on these critical, demonstrative, and members of a self-na.med intellectual elite unrepresentative dissent and minimize the impact of the freedoms guaranteed by our Bill of of true national sentiment. The trend could great outpouring of citizens from all Rights that his spokesmen have engaged be catastrophic. walks of life who demanded an end to in. I call on the President to speak with It start's with Vice-President Agnew, who killing in Vietnam. one voice when discussing constitution­ himself is gathering momentum as he goes. The President refuses to listen to the ally provided safeguards and to not allow His speeches on young dissidents had some voice of the people, peacefully beseech­ further polarization and divisiveness to sense in them, read in their full text; but he ing him to bring peace to our land now, be encouraged by his Vice President and then went on to imply that industries like before another year goes by and another Attorney General. I call on the President television which depend on federal licensing 100,000 Americans, South Vietnamese, to take cognizance that the silent ma­ had better keep themselvet aware of where Vietcong, and North Vietnamese die. their own and the pwblic interest lies. jority is also the vocal majority, that The campaign moves on with Herbert G. Sure, there was some violence. Ap­ Americans want peace and they want it Klein's widening the Vice-President's attack proximately 5,000 persons in an unau­ now. I call on the President to speed up to include all news media. In an interview thorized move, provoked a confronta­ his efforts to end the war in Vietnam carried, one almost says of course, on tele­ tion at the Justice Department. This ac­ by withdrawing our troops now. Finally, vision President Nixon's director of communi­ tion occurred after the mass rally had I call on the President to fulfill his cam­ cations said: already taken place. These individuals paign pledge to try to bring Americans "I include the newspaperl> very thoroughly represented between one-half of 1 per­ together again and to bind the wounds in this, as well as the networks-if you look cent to a maximum of 2 percent of the that have divided us. at the problems you have today and you fail to continue to examine them, you do invite number of persons who participated in the government to come in. I would not like the peace rally. And for this action of a to see that happen." minute and unrepresentative bunch of And then the drive on dissent is intensified far-out radicals, Attorney General Mit­ LEADERSHIP INTO CALAMITY by Atty. Gen. John N. Mitchell, commenting chell attempted to play upon the fears of on a remarkably peaceful Washington dem­ the American people and place emphasis onstration by at least a quarter million per­ on this relatively minor incident. The HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI sons, most of them young: "I do not believe same was true of an even smaller clash OF NEW JERSEY that over all the gathering here can be the evening before. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES characterized as peaceful." He was referring, it appears, to scattered incidents in what is Vice President AGNEW in his recent, Thursday, November 20, 1969 called the largest peace demonstration in his­ threatening Des Moines speech asked why Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, after tory. confrontations are built up and given hearing all the commentaries and read­ The point in all of this is not that the dis­ wide publicity by the television media. He ing the many columnists and news stories senters, including television commentators, condemned this alleged overemphasis by concerning the Vice President's recent are right. A discussion of the question the media op. yiolence and confrontation. whether they should be able to express them­ speech criticising the television networks, selves ha13 nothing to do with whether they Perhaps Attorney General Mitchell I cannot see how the administration can are right or wrong. The point is that thfl does not listen to the Vice President. Or rectify the remarks made by the Vice Government itself, through men as highly perhaps political opportunism and Madi­ President with the actions such as it has placed as Mr. Agnew, Mr. Klein, and Mr. son Avenue pressure and hard sell tac­ taken in further amplifying them. Mitchell, resents their dissent so angrily that tics are the modus operandi of the Nixon In his most public outrage, the Vice it sets out to divide the people of the coun­ administration and speaking out of both President has taken on the television in­ try. sides of your mouth is an approved tac­ The Administration attitude is exactly dustry-more specifically the well­ wrong. Instead of haranguing its critics in tic if you can get away with it. known commentators who did not, as the Mr. Speaker, I for one will not allow threatening language it should be expressing Vice President would like to have it-­ its delight that the people of the country the administration to perpetrate the dis­ praise the President for his Vietnam are finding ways under Mr. Nixon to make semination of half-truths and freely address. their views known. It should be welcoming utter innuendos and snide comments I have reread the Vice President's adverse criticism as one of the soundest ways aimed art; polarizing the Nation into hos­ speech which stirred much of the con­ to form and amend policy. It should be em­ tile camps and using the power of the troversy, and I find in it a paragraph phasizing the President's own determination Presidency to cloud the issue. It appears to end the war in Vietnam, welcoming the that a double standard is sought by the which reads-and as stated by the Vice public pressure that furthers his end. administration. They can play up and ex­ President: Instead of taking such a constructive aggerate violence while at the same time Every American has a right to disagree course the Administration is raising ques­ with the President of the United States, and tions concerning patriotism, sincerity, amd they decry the television networks for to express publicly that disagreement. intent. The Administration, however right it supposedly doing the same thing. They may be in its course on Vietnam, is deadly can acknowledge the legitimate rights In this most recent outburst of the wrong to exacerbate national dirssent in wiays of all Americans to exercise the basic Vice President attacking our basic free­ that can lead only toward disaster. freedoms of speech and assembly and yet dom, he has publicly threatened the press do everything in their power to obstruct and news media. This is a threat that we, such an exercise of these rights. They as Americans, should not take lightly continually call for law and order and whether we agree or disagree with the ARROGANCE HAS MANY FACEf yet obfuscate and undermine the law commentators on the television pro­ of the land and send the word forth to grams. Government attorneys to go slow and Mr. Speaker, I recommend to my col­ HON. JAMES G. O'HARA that the "zealots" among them are not leagues the following editorial which ap­ OF MICHIGAN welcome. peared in the Record, a newspaper which IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Apparently zealots in the defense of has a wide circulation in the Ninth New Thursday, November 20, 1969 law and order-that is, law and order Jersey Congressional District, which I for all citizens, of all races, in all geo­ have the honor to represent in Congress. Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Speaker, other voice:: graphical areas, is no virtue to the Nixon The editori:U which appeared on Novem­ are being heard in alarm at the sudden brand of government. With such think­ ber 18, 1969, has much substance and but clearly well organized and co­ ing in the highest circles of the execu­ should be brought to the attention of as ordinated attack upon press freedom tive branch, the legitimate exercise of many Americans as possible. Therefore, which this administration is mounting. dissent must be vehemently protected or Mr. Speaker, I include it as part of my On November 19, the President of the our whole democratic system can fall remarks on the Vice President's recent American Society of Newspaper Editors, prey to the evils of a totalitarian form attack on the news media: Mr. Norman E. Isaacs, speaking at the of repression. LEADERSHIP INTO CALAMITY University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Mr. Speaker, I call on the President The Nixon administration 13eems to have expressed his concern over the "open to acknowledge the rights of Americans taken off on a planned campaign to divide campaign of the administration to dis­ to lawfully assemble and to freely speak the country into sheep or goats-persons who credit" the news media. November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35417 Like others who have sought to defend istration participating in this attack. At a they term "balance in the news" with FCC the first amendment against this most newspaper meeting in Bermuda Attorney licensing, I cannot help but wonder what General John Mitchell was asked about the the substantive difference is between their recent assault, Mr. Isaacs does not assert Haynsworth nomination and replied bluntly position and that in practice in the Soviet that the press is perfect. He insists only to the editor's query: "You sons of bitches Union? that it be allowed to be as free as the are responsible." Mr. Mollenhoff has taken a I know that many people in the country authors of the Bill of Rights meant it to leading role in attributing "fraud" in the are upset and angry, but I wonder, too, if be. reporting about Judge Haynsworth. they know what quicksand they are stepping Mr. Isaacs is franker about the faults Of course, neither the Attorney General into when they rush to support the Gov­ of his profession than the vocal critics nor Mr. Mollenhoff are quite so free in de­ ernment•s attack on television? of the press have been about their own nouncing the 40 United States Senators who Do they really want organized campaigns have publicly announced they are unable to mounted in their cities to challenge the shortcomings. But that very frankness support the Haynsworth nomination. Some radio and television licensees? lends his words an even greater cred­ of these Senators have made strong comment Do they welcome the idea of government ibility. about Judge Haynsworth's judicial record officers passing judgment on what they are to Mr. Speaker, I am proud to stand by and his financial affairs. Are we to assume read and see and hear? the side of the editor of the Louisville it is one thing for a United States Senator The Vice-President's text disclaimed any Courier-Journal in this effort to protect to attack Judge Haynsworth and entirely intent to legislate against the communica­ the first amendment. I insert his speech something else for the press to report such tions media. But he did appeal openly for in its entirety at this point in the RECORD: a position? public control-and what other interpreta­ I am not one easily upset by the attacks tion can be drawn than Administration ARROGANCE HAS MANY FACES of political office-holders. From youth, I support for such challenges? And with a (Address by Norman E. Isaacs at the have known precisely what it ls they want: Chairman of the FCC who openly adopts a University of Michigan) To use us for their purposes. welcoming stance to such challenges? This is a sensitive period for the com­ This new attack, however, ls deeply dis­ You have one of two options in analysis munications media of the United States. turbing. It ls an attack not merely on our of the motives. One is intimidation, the The newspaper and broadcast arms of mistakes of judgment--and which many of other is control. But ls there any essential communications are rivals. For years they us admit-but on the basic principle of free difference, so long as you succeed? The end­ have been openly contemptuous of each speech. result is muzzling of some kind. other. Yet whatever their differences, they Many of our political leaders-going back There are many faces to arrogance. And are now driven together as the co-targets of even to George Washington-have been in the spirit of Thomas Jefferson, I much what can only be described as an open cam­ angered by the press. But I cannot recall a prefer the arrogance of an independent news paign by the national Administration to dis­ drive mounted by a national administration media-however much I may deplore some credit them-and, more importantly, to seek containing the threat of retribution---United States Senate, the , stationery has been so outstanding that they HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI Speaker of the House of Representatives, the have had to prepare up to three different OF NEW YORK United States Senators from Pennsylvania, sets per state. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the entire Congressional Delegation from This rapid growth and diversification the Commonwealth. prompted them to bring their operations Thursday, November 20, 1969 OERTIFICATION: This is a true and cor­ under a new corporate name: Bright of rect copy of the original Resolution, adopted America. The bedroom headquarters were no Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, our Com­ mittee on Post Office and Civil Service is by the CouncU of the City of Philadelphia longer practical and the rapid expansion on the si~teenth day of October, 1969. soon made their new offices in downtown continuing its executive sessions on PAUL D'ORTONA, Summerville obsolete. markup of meaningful postal reform leg­ President of City Council. In 1966, they received a $360,000 loan from islation. Attest: the Small Business Administration to build In today's productive session, we com­ CHARLES H. SAWYER Jr., new offices and a plant on a twenty-five acre pleted action on a major segment of title Chief Clerk of the Council. tract of land outside of Summervllle's busi­ III dealing with transportation. This is ness district. Even as the construction be­ gan, the expansion plans became obsolete important progress. We are recodifying RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF ERIE, PA. for John and Bill discovered that Christmas the present postal laws as we go along in Resolved, by the Council of the City of cards depicting winter scenes were becoming our reform bill. Many of these reaffirma­ Erie, That popular in a great many states. tions are necessary to put them into Whereas, the Council of the City of Erie, The development Of ideas did not stop proper context and to simplify postal Pennsylvania does herewith officially en­ here, however, for they soon hit upon the law. dorse H.R. Bill No. 4, introduced into the production of placemats laminated in plastic The need for postal reform is clear House of Representatives of the United States for each state. It was stm an offshoot from and our committee is acting responsibly under the sponsorship of Thaddeus J. Dulski, photography, and even though it was some­ because they are of the fl.rm opinion that the thing quite different, they pursued it to effect the changes which were pointed necessary adjustments and modernizations of confidently. up as necessary during our 4 months of the Postal Services can best be effectuated Bright of America ls presently adding more public hearings earlier this year. by the provisions of the said act, and space to its operation. The over-all plant will Unfortunately, there has been a lot of Whereas, the Council of the City of Erie, soon cover approximately 88,000 square feet. misinformation put out by the adminis­ Pennsylvania does further note that workers Manning this space and its various opera­ tration and a well-heeled lobby imply­ of the government in such borderline areas, tions are more than 140 full-time employees ing that postal reform can be accom­ postal retainers require and are entitled to and in the pre-Christmas months the num­ plished only by conversion of the De­ direct contacits and negotia.tlons with their ber exceeds 250 people. John and Bill are employers to ·arrive at fair working standards deV'Oting more time and effort to administra­ partment to a public corporation. with proper and adequate recompense, so tive problems, leaving production and traffic This is ridiculous on the face of it. As therefore, be it. to a team of highly quallfled and hand­ time goes on, more and more people are Resolved, that certified copies of this reso­ picked executives. The top three in this coming to realize the shallowness of lution be forwarded to Mr. Frank Pruve.a­ group are former fraternity brothers of Bill. that argument. denti, President United Federation of Postal Always looking for new horizons to con- Our committee is marking up my bill, Clerks, Local 269, Erie, Pen.nsy.lV>ania; Mr. Jo- November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35423 seph Travers, President National Associa­ have to draw the same rate of interest as Human Rights Commission take up, in­ tion of Letter Carriers, Branch 284, Erie, Tennessee Valley Authority bonds do. The vestigate, and debate their plight. Pennsylvania; Mr. Edward Cassano, President current interest rate for TVA bonds is 8.47 The letter from 18 Soviet Jewish fami­ National Association of Mailhandlers, Local per cent. A postal corporation operating with lies and the New York Times article to 239, Erie, Pennsylvania; and the Honorable a $10 b1llion bond issue would have to pay which I referred describing the submis­ Thaddeus J. Dulski, Member of Congress. at least $847 million annually on those JOSEPH A. WALCZAK, bonds. That would increase the cost of oper­ sion of their case to the Secretary Gen­ President, City Council of Erie. ating the proposed corporation by that eral,. follow: Attest: amount. Who would bear this cost? The To THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION, UNITED EUGENE GRANEY, users of the United States mails would with NATIONS, NEW YORK, U.S.A. City Clerk. business bearing the brunt of increased We, 18 religious Jewish families of Geor­ postal rates caused by this factor, as approxi­ gia, request you to help us leave for Israel. A CONSTITUENT WRITES mately 85 per cent of all mail is business Each one of us, upon receiving an invita­ mail. Under this concept it is conceivable tion from a relative in Israel, obtained ·the Our colleague, the gentleman from that it would cost 10 cents to mail a first North Carolina (Mr. GALIFIANAKIS) has necessary questionnaires from the authorized class letter with all other classes of mail U.S.S.R. agencies, and filled them out. Each referred to me a copy of a letter on this being raised to double the present rates. Is was assured orally that no obstacles would matter which he received from one of his this what the American public wants? be put in the way of his departure. Expect­ constituents, as follows: We as postal supervisors favor postal re­ ing to receive permission any day, each sold form. We believe that reform can be effectu­ hls property and gave up his job. But long HILLSBOROUGH, N.C., ated from within the present framework of a June 2, 1969. months have gone by-years, for many-and full government agency. permission for departure has not yet been Hon. NICK GALIFIANAKIS, Legislation has been introduced into the U.S. House of Representatives, given. We have sent hundreds of letters and Congress of the United States by Congress­ telegrams; they have vanished like tears in Washington, D.C. man Thaddeus J. Dulski of Buffalo, N.Y., DEAR MR. GALIFIANAKIS: I have been inter­ the sand of the desert. All we h.ear are one­ chairman of the House Post Office and Civil syllable oral refusals. We see no written re­ ested in the discussion of what to do about Service Committee in the form of H.R. 4 that the Post Office Department. I realize the great plies. No one explains anything. No one would bring about postal reform while main­ cares about our fate. difficulty of withstanding the lobbying that taining the present Post Office Department. it is able to do. Possibly one solution might But we are waiting, for we believe in God. This bill enacted into law would give us the We 18 religious Jewish fam111es of Georgia be to repeal an old law which forbids private tools with which to modernize the Post Of­ organizations from carrying mail which the consider it necessary to explain why we want fice and give the American public the postal to go to Israel. government might carry, even when such an service it deserves with a minimum af rate organization ca.n do a job which the govern­ Everybody knows how justly national increases. We have the men at all levels of policy, the theoretical principles of which ment is unable to do. You may not happen the postal scene, national, regional and local to know that in the 1850's a private mail were formulated long ago by the founder of who know the mails and how to move them. the state, V. I. Lenin, is in fact being carried company was set up in New York which car­ All we need are the tools and those can be ried the mail at a much lower cost than the out in the U.S.S.R. There have not been provided by the enactment of the Dulski Jewish pogroms, pales or quotas in the government and which forced the govern­ Bill, H.R. 4 into law. ment to reduce postal rates by nearly two­ country for a long, long time. Jews can walk MICHAEL J. DIGLIO, the streets without fear for their lives; they thirds. For example, in those days postage, Legislative Director, Westchesterr Branch even first-class mail, depended on distance. can live where they wish, hold any position, 336, National Association of Postal even as high as the post of minister, as is If I remember correctly--and I am pretty Supervisors. nearly right--the postage for a single letter evident from the example of V. Dymshits, between Massachusetts and North Carolina deputy chairman of the U.S.S.R. Councll of was 45¢ before and 18¢ afterward. Ministers. There is even a Jewish deputy It has also occurred to me that the move­ in the Supreme Soviet--A. Chakovsky, editor­ ment of mail over short distances could be U.N. APPEAL OF 18 JEWISH FAMI­ in-chief Of Literaturnaya Gazeta. greatly speeded up if each post office had a LIES FROM SOVIET GEORGIA Therefore, it is not racial discrimination motorized tricycle-something like that used that compels us to leave the country. Then by the Chapel Hill police force--which would per.haps it is religious discrimination? But be used to deliver mail to each post office HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM synagogues are permitted in the country, within a radius of 15 miles or so. The driver OF NEW YORK and we are not prohibited from praying at home. However, our prayers are with Israel, would not pick up any mail; he would merely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deliver it, but in most cases I suspect this for it is written: "If I forget thee, O Jerusa­ could be done twice a day. Thursday, November 20, 1969 lem, may my right hand forget its cunning." For we religious Jews feel that there is no Sincerely, Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, a recent CHARLES H. BLAKE. Jew without faith, just as there is no faith New York Times article carried a report without traditions. What, then, is our faith LETTER TO FOUR EDITORS of a letter from 18 religious Jewish fam­ and what are our traditions? My attention also has been called to ilies who wish to leave their home in the For a long time the Roman legions be­ a letter to the editor which appeared Soviet state of Georgia and to become sieged Jerusalem. But despite the well known recently in four newspapers in West­ resident citizens of Israel. So far, they horrors of the siege--hunger, lack of water, chester County in lower New York State. have not received permission from the disease, and much more-the Jews did not renounce their faith and did not surrender. These papers are: The Standard-Star, Soviet Government to leave, and so they However, man's strength has its limits, too, New Rochelle; the Daily Argus, Mount appealed their case in a letter to Her Ex­ and in the end barbarians broke into the Vernon; the Herald Statesman, Yonkers; cellency, Mrs. Golda Meir, Prime Min­ Holy Gity. Thus, a thousaad years ago, the and the Reporter Dispatch, White Plains. ister of Israel, with a request that she Holy Temple was destroyed, and with it­ Following is the text as it appeared in the transmit their letter-with signatures­ the Jewish State. The nation, however, re­ New Rochelle paper on November 1: to the United Nations Commission on mained: Al though the Jews who could bear POSTAL REFORM CAN BE DONE WITHIN . Human Rights. arms did not surrender to the enemy and GOVERNMENT FRAMEWORK I found the New York Times report killed one another, there remained the wounded, who. were bleeding to death; there To the STANDARD-STAR: so interesting that I requested a copy of remained the old people, women and chil­ During recent months reams of prose have this unique document, which has now dren. been written in newspapers and magazines been submitted by the Israeli permanent And whoever could not get away was killed throughout the oountry about what is wrong representative at the United Nations, on the spot. with the Post Office. Most of those publica­ Ambassador Yosef Tekoa, to the Secre­ tions, including your own, favor the postal But whoever could, went away into the corporation concept that has been proposed tary General. It is a most inspiring let­ desert; and whoever survived, reached other by President Nixon. This proposed postal ter from a very brave and dedicated countries, to believe, and pray, and wait. corporation is to be operated on similar lines group of people. It reveals a great deal Henceforth they had to find a way to live a.s is the Tennessee Valley Authority with about the lives of Jews in the Soviet in alien lands among people who hated them. the :floating of a $10 billion bond issue to get Union. Showered wit h insults, covered wit h the mud it off the ground. This proposal has gained of · slander, despised and persecuted, t hey A number of Members of the House earned their daily bread with blood and widespread appeal among the American pub­ have joined me in signing a letter which lic and business. Only one side of the coin sweat, and reared their children. has been shown by the powers who are advo­ we are sending to Secretary of State Their hands were calloused, their souls cating a postal corporation. Let us present Rogers urging the United States to sup­ were drenched in blood. But the important a. good case against this proposal. port the request of these 18 families, and thing is that the nation was not destroyed­ Bonds issued by a postal corporation would of Israel on their behalf, that the U.N. and what a nation. 35424 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 19 69 The Jews gave the world religion and revo­ Elashvili, Mikhail Shabatovich, KUltaisi, 33 koah, who served as ambassador in Moscow lutionaries, philosophers and scholars, Dzhaparidze St. from 1963 to 1965. wealthy men and wise men, geniuses with Elashvili, Izrail Mikhailovich, Kutaisi, 31 Mr. Tekoah said the petitioners had sent the hearts of children, and children with Kirvo St. their appeal to him personally, with a cov­ the eyes of old people. There is no field of Eluashvili, Yakov Aronovich, Kutaisi, 5 ering letter, for transmission to the United knowledge, no branch of literature and art, Mayakovsky St. Nations beoause "I am not a stranger to to which Jews have not contributed their Khikhinashivili, Mordekh Isakovich, Ku­ them and they are not strangers to me." Mr. share. There is no country which gave Jews taisi, 19 Makharadze St. Tekoah refused to discuss the means the shelter which has not been r·epaid by their Chikvashvili, Mikhail Samuilovich, Ku­ petitioners had used to get the appeal and labor. And what did the Jews get in return? taisi, 38 Khakhanashvili St. the letter to him. When life was bearable for all, the Jews Chikvashvili, Moshe Samullovich, Kutaisi, THE 1965 VISIT IS RECALLED waited fearfully for other times. And when 32 Tsere·teli St. life became bad for all, the Jews knew that Beberashvili, Mikhail Rubenovich, Kutaisi, He recalled with emotion how he had gone their last hour had come, and then they hid 9 Klara-Tsetkin St. into the petitioners' villages in 1965 and how or ran away from the country. Elashvili, Yakov Izrailovich, Kutaisi, 54 at each stop in neglected synagogues and in And whoever got away, began from the be­ Tsereteli St. courtyards behind them, the same scene had ginning again. Mikhelashv111, Khaim Aronovich, Poti, 57 repeated itself. And whoever could not run away, was Tskhakaya St. "As I spoke, upon hearing the first words destroyed. Mikhaiilashvili, Albert Khaimovich, Poti, 57 in Hebrew, the entire community raised their And whoever hid well, waited until other Tskhakaya St. hands in a kiss to heaven," he said. At the times came. Mikhelashvili, Aron Khaimovich, Poti, 18 end, he said, he started to wish them happi­ Who didn't persecute the Jews! Everybody Dzhaparidze St. ness for the next year and the crowd would joined in baiting them. Tetruashvili, Khaim Davidovich, Kutaisi, 5 chant "Next year in Jerusalem." When untalented generals lost a war, those Shaumyan 1st Lane As he moved through the crowd, the to blame for the defeat were found at once-­ Tsitsuashvill, Lsro Zakharovich, Kutaisi, 5 throng would be whispering a single word, Jews. When a political adventurer did not Shaumyan 1st Lane "Salvation," in Hebrew, and the whisper keep the mountain of promises he had given, Tsitsuashvili, Yefrem Isrovich, Kutaisi, 6 would turn into a cry, Mr. Tekoah said. a reason was found at once--the Jews. Jews Shaumyan 1st Lane The appeal reached Mr. Tekoah last Thurs­ died in the torture chambers of the Inquisi­ Yakobishvili, Benston Shalomovich, Toilisi, day and was transmitted to the United Na­ tion in Spain, and in fascist concentration 4 General Delivery (formerly lived at 9'1 Bar­ tions as rapidly as possible, informed sources camps in Germany. Anti-Semites raised a nov St.) said. The timing thus was not controlled by scare-in enlightened France it was the Batoniashvili, Mikhail Rafaelovich, Kutaisi, the Israeli government and had no special Dreyfus case; in illiterate Russia, the Beilis 53 Dzhaparidze St. meaning, they said. case. According to the text distributed by the And the Jews had to endure everything. TetruashvUi, Mikhail Shalomovich, Kula­ shi, 114 Stalin St. Israeli mission, the covering letter asked But that was a way that they could have Mr. Tekoah not only to take "immediate lived tranquilly, like other peoples; all they [From the New York Times, Nov. 11, 1969] steps" in the United Nations, but also to had to do was convert to another faith. have the appeal "published in the press with Some did this-there are cowards everywhere. ISRAEL SUBMITS TO U.N. AN APPEAL FROM 18 the complete list of signers-names and sur­ But millions upon millions preferred a life JEWISH FAMILIES WHO SEEK TO EMIGRATE names and, if necessary, addresses." Thirteen of suffering and often death to apostasy. FROM SOVIET GEORGIA of the 18 petitioners are from Kutaisi, a town And even if they did wander the earth (By Henry Tanner) in western Georgia. without shelter-God found a place for all. UNITED NATIONS, N.Y., November 10.-Is­ In the past, informed sources said, Israel And even if their ashes are scattered rael submitted to the United Nations today refrained from taking such public action in through the · world, the memory of them ls the question of the treatment of Jews in behalf of Soviet Jews because it never had alive. the Soviet Union. received this kind of signed request and Their blood is in our veins, and our tears Yosef Tekoah, the Israieli delegate, called feared reprisals. In this case the petitioners are their tears. on Secretary General Thant this morning and themselves had decided to discount or ignore The prophecy has come true: Israel has handed him a signed document that he said the possibility of reprisals, the sources added. risen from the ashes; we have not forgotten had been received from 18 Jews living in A few dozen soviet Jews a month have Jerusalem, and it needs our hands. Soviet Georgia. The document accused So­ been perm! tted to leave the Soviet Union to There are 18 of us who signed this letter. viet authorities of preventing them from go to Israel in the last few years, specialists But he errs who thinks there are only 18 of leaving the Soviet Union and · settling in not connected with the Israeli mission said us. There could have been many more signa­ Israel. here today. tures. Mr. Tekoah asked Mr. Thant to use his The limited movement stopped at the time They say there is a total of 12 million Jews "good offices" to help the 18 petitioners and of the six-day war in 1967, when diplomatic in the world. But he errs who believes there "to alleviate the situation of Soviet Jewry" relations between the two countries were are only 12 million of us. For with those who in general. broken off, the specialists said. Last January, pray for Israel are hundreds of millions who The Israeli asked that the appeal and a there was a spurt in exit permissions and did not live to this day, who were tortured covering letter be distrtbuted as an official until early April about 200 persons reached to death, who are no longer here. They march document of the General Assembly and he Israel each month, the specialists added. shoulder to shoulder with us, unconquered made it clear that this was the first time Since April the num,ber has been back to a and immortal, those who handed down to us that Israel pad brought the question of So­ small handful a month. the traditions of struggle and faith. viet Jews into the United Nations. There are some three million Jews in the That is why we want to go to Israel. The appeal was addressed: "To the Hu­ Soviet Union. Curbs on unrestricted emigra­ History has entrusted the United Nations man Rights Commission, United Nations, tion, without special permission, apply to with a great mission-to think about people New York, U.S.A." It began: "We, 18 reli­ all Soviet citizens. and help them. Therefore, we demand that gious Jewish families of Georgta, request you The principal grievances of Soviet Jews in­ the U.N. Human Rights Commission do to help us leave for Israel." clude the following, according to specialists: everything it can to obtain from the soviet It went on to say that after having re­ There is no public instruction in Yiddish Government in the shortest possible time ceived the required invitations from rela­ even though, according to Soviet law, such permission for us to leave. It is incompre­ tives in Israel, each of the signers had pe­ language classes have to be held wherever 10 hensible that in the 20th century people can titioned Soviet authorities for exit visas. Af­ or more parents demand it, the specialists be prohibited from living where they wish to ter having been told that the petitions said. live. It is strange that it is impossible to for­ would be granted, each "sold his property and The Jewish State Theater, which per­ get the widely publicized appeals about the gave up his job." formed in Yiddish, was closed in 1949, and right of nations to self-determination-and, only an amateur Yiddish theater was per­ of course, the right of the people who com­ "But long months have gone by-years for many-and permission for departure has not mitted to open a few years ago, the sources prise the nation. yet been given," the petitioners continued. said. We will wait months and years, we will "We have sent hundreds of letters and tele­ Few books and only one major periodical, wait all our lives, if necessary, but we will grams, they have vanished like tears in the the monthly Sovietish Heimland, appear in not renounce our faith or our hopes. sand of the desert. All we hear are one-sylla­ the Soviet Union, according to these sources. We believe: Our prayers have reached God. ble oral refusals. We see no written replies. Religious Jews are more deeply affected, We know: Our appeals will reach people. No one expl,ains anything. No one cares the sources said, because the religious com­ For we are asking llttle--let us go to the about our fate." munity has no central institutions. The 1and of our forefathers. The document bore the names and ad­ Orthodox Church, Moslems and Protestants SIGNERS dresses of the petitioners. all are affiliated with international religious Elashv111, Shaibata Mikhailovich, Kutaisi, It was read in Russian and English at a organizations abroad, but not the Jews, the 53 Dzhaparidze St. news conference this afternoon by Mr. Te- spec'lalists added. November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35425 ADDRESS BY FORMER LT. GEN. things that another country could do and to forcing an enemy to multiply his arsenal ten ARTHUR TRUDEAU move quickly and effectively if a new danger times with greatly sophisticated missiles be­ seems near. Note that I am talking about fores he dares to attack probably exceeds our research and development. measured deterrent power today. HON. BARRY GOLDWATER "The Soviets have been e~anding their Even if the scientists who have blasted our research and development efforts for space, defensive efforts are half right, in my opin­ OF ARIZONA defense and atomic energy during the past ion they have displayed so narrow a view of IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES few years by an average of about ten per the non-techll'ical factors involved as to ques­ Friday, November 21, 1969 cent a year. During the same period Ameri­ tion the validity of their general conclusions. can defense R&D spending has gone up No matter how the system ls explained, be Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. President, one about four per cent a year, not quite enough it Sentinel or Safeguard, it still is an out­ of America's greatest spokesmen and a to cover the inflation rate for technology: growth of Nike-type missiles going back man who has dedicated his life to the And atomic energy and space spending, to­ nearly two decades. The same arguments defense of this country, former Lt. Gen. gether, actually have diminished. If the cur­ were given to delay Nike Ajax, an anti-air­ rent critical attitude toward research and craft missile in the early fifties. Arthur Trudeau, spoke in New Orleans development continues, then the U.S., for Finally, Mn. K. T. Keller, grand old engineer on October 23. the first time in its history, wm lose its and great American, summoned to the De­ Because his speech is so cogent and to technological superior! ty." partment of Defense during the Korean war, the point and contains so many things As Aviation Week recently stated: said, "There is a time when R. & D. has to which Americans could well ponder, I ask "There ls a certain breed Of cat in this pause and production and deployment begin. unanimous consent that it be printed in country that constantly deplores the spirit We learn by doing." And we did. Ajax was a the Extensions of Remarks. of fierce compe.titlon between the U.S. and great success. By 1960, Hercules, Ajax's more US-SR that has resulted in such tremendous powerful brother, was deployed to knock There being no objection, the address progress in the first decade of spac·e explora­ down anything that could fly. It is stlll on was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, tion. If these philosophers had their way, station in ·and around the country, ready to as follows: the U.S. and the USSR would join in some go, and none of the nuclear accidents the REMARKS BY LT. GEN. ARTHUR G. TRUDEAU, vaguely cooperative effort aimed at some Caspar Milquetoasts envision have ever oc­ USA, RETmED, UNITED STATES DAY, NEW OR­ dimly perceived goals in the interests of sav­ curred. LEANS, LA., OCTOBER 23, 1969 ing money and improving international re­ On April 1, 1958, I assumed the Office of We join today to think about our great lations. "They fail completely to understand Ohief of R. & D. for the Army. More impor­ country-past, present, and future-from a how space technology has become a basic tantly, that same day saw the birth of the glorious past we have migrated· to a haz­ sinew of national power, a dynamic spur to Nike Zeus system to knock down incoming ardous present and perhaps a doubtful fu­ the economy and an important yardstick by and orbiting missiles. Again, the opposition ture. which to measure competing systems-in r-aved and ra.nted, but in less than five years, I congratulate you on your celebration of short the techno-politlcs." • this bigger brother to Ajax and Hercules was United States Day. Americanism and patriot­ Perhaps the orbiting of the several com­ ready and able to knock down missiles. ism are almost silent issues today. You are ponents for a Soviet space station last week In 1960, against opposition, I, personally, considered a bit queer if you want to de­ will awaken us in time. directed the use of an Ajax missile to knock fend and advance our country's interests A decade has passed and fantastic aocom­ down another missile. The reaction time along the lines our forefathers laid down. plishment.s have been witnessed since those ava.ilable, 17 seconds, was much less than True--we still have Washington and Lin­ early days when the Army led the way i:nto Sentinel would have against an ICBM, but coln's birthdays, Decoration and Veterans space with our explorer program, but those down it came. Day-and the Fourth of July is still intact. of us then involved still feel the pride of By 1961, President Kennedy appeared fav­ Some figure that any other day in early great acih.ievement. orably disposed to early production. Pre­ July would be just as good as long as you While NASA was founded on the Army's production funds were appropriated by the can get away for a "long week-end." In a breakthrough in space, many of us have de­ Congress in 1962 but withheld by Secretary few places, some vlllages even celebrate Flag plored the national po1icy to deny the mlli­ McNamara and hls whiz kids. This sad story Day. Can you imagine that? God bless them. tary impm.. tance of the exo-atmoSiphere. Now, of procrastination and delay continued until Let me say to you as one of my military after ten belaited. years, the urgency to estab­ now. associates remarked, "If any business adopted lish a capabil.lity to ward off disaster is be­ While the latest decision ls limited, it ls en­ this philosophy to advertise and sell its prod­ coming all too clear. We can no longer delude couraging. If urban areas wish to remain ex­ ucts, like we sell ourselves short, it would ·be ourselves as to the critical military im­ posed, let us at least protect our vital instal­ out of business." portance of space if we are to survive. The l·ations. Every year our technology advances, I am most pleased to be in New Orleans orderly progression from our proven capa­ but to hold up deployment until perfection again for both personal and business reasons. bili tles for manned atmospheric flight to ls reached ls unreasonable since perfection During World War II I had numerous oc­ manned space operations must be pressed is not for man to attain. Let's build what we casions to come here in connection with until adequate international agreements need to defend America. As I have said be­ transportation corps training for ports over­ have been positively achLeved and demon­ fore, "We are the world's greatest nuclear seas and for the production of landing craft strated-words are not sufficient. I encourage nudist colony today." we assembled in Australia. all of you to urge your legislators to hold the I suppose the accomplishments of the A very few years ago, my interests had line as powerful forces continue to work Apollo flights, too, are anathema to the ylp­ turned to the oil wells, refineries and chem­ within our Govermnent to degrade even pies and hippies. The fabian socialists, non­ ical plants of the Gulf Oil Corporation, when further, the relatively decllnd.ng balance of students and caspar milquetoasts who decry I was president of their research and develop­ our military power. our industrial strength and military capabi­ ment company. I shuc:Lder to listen to the devious and ities. Yet, behind these flights lie years of Presently, I am. watching with you to see sometimes unsuppor·table reasons given by work of thousands of people, or great indus­ what the follow-on programs in space and the doves to prevent us from building an tries with brllliant management, of tough­ oceanography will bring. North American anti-balUstic missile system to defend our minded, disciplined men proud to wear their Rockwell, as you may know, has provided homeland. Rememiber, not a s·lngle proponent country's uniform. Is this what we need to re­ 170 booster engines for the Saturn 1-B of the Nike system was called upon to testiify ject? For whalt? Reject, no: Improve, yes. rocket and about 70 to get Saturn V rockets before the Senate Foreign Relations Com­ And how about an educational system that off the ground, so the fine facilities at Mi­ mittee, yet we have proven our abil.lity to develops the engineers, astronauts, scien­ chaud, where we were in support of the destroy incoming missiles for at l·east five tists, technicians and others to accomplish Boeing and Chrysler efforts, are well known years. human flight to the moon? Shall we close to us. Of course, we are also mighty proud of The scientists who oppose g-i ving us a de­ our schools and campuses until the new our Apollo space capsules and the rockets to fense have much to answer for, in my opin­ leftists, students for democratic action, hip­ get the lunar landing vehicle off the Moon. ion. Some have seen their own brainchild pies and just plain bums tell us how to do The fl.ring of Apollo XII is scheduled for No­ fail and hence conclude that no defensive it? vember 14, 1969. system has any value. others have been in­ Oh, America, and each of you who are Along with others, I am concerned ove·r haling the alluring perfwne of Oommunist proud of being her sons and daughters, rise any serious cutback in research and develop­ appeasement emanating frotn pugwash con­ up and tell your government at all levels, ment since it serves as a major stimulant to ferences. Some honestly feel that since all and the agencies of the law, and the mass industrial progress as well as being a key­ missiles may not be destroyed, the system is media-and each other-to stiffen our spines stone of nation.ail security. a failure. Unfortunately, no offensive or de­ and cease permitting a cunningly and well­ As Dr. John S. Foster, Jr., director of de­ fensive system ever devised was, is, or will organized minority to create chaos and fense research and engineering, recently said: be, perfect: Hence the need for the best mix anarchy. Much of the history of this world "We must have technological superiority possible. They have said, "You may knock revolves around the victory of violent, ruth­ in order to know more about what nature down nine, but the tenth wm get through." less minorities subjugating the peaceful, has to offer, to know about the kinds of Granted, but the added deterrent power in more affiuent majorities in blood baths. It 35426 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 can happen here: Toynbee has written that North Vietnamese Communists and the bet­ for criminal actions within just laws is es­ nineteen of the world's twenty-one great ter judgment of the mass of our people, how­ sential if public safety is going to be im­ civ1lizations have been_destroyed from with­ ever, it was a failure, albeit a brief but in. Let us not be the twentieth. proved and any sense of personal responsi­ noisy one. Many of its supporters are now bility for government is to persist. No man, I know you share the concern of all good seeking cover as the more considered state­ Americans for the future peaceful progress whose words and actions beget violence and ments of the President and others are clearly destruction, is entitled to freedom. He is a of our country-and the whole world. That the indicated paths most Americans want to menace to any society. day is not in sight, however, and won't be follow. Sound national policy cannot be as long as the men in the Kremlin persist in Abroad, we suffer from a lack of any posi­ evolved on the campus or city streets, and tive policy today {or at least observable ob­ their frequently asserted determination to I hope we will soon end th~ stupidity of such destroy the free world and impose their in­ disorderly efforts. jectives), plus a constantly shrinking image. sidious and brutal ideology on us. Their Our strategy is obscure and ineffectual, while The new strategy being considered by the the military challenge to our survival grows denial of a supreme being and rejection of anti-war leaders are outlined in a memoran­ the dignity of man are even more critical as­ dum now being circulated within the group. apace. Some men in high places suggest we pects of their doctrine than their determina­ It states, in part: retreat to a position of parity with an avowed tion to change the economic structure of- the "The resistance must grow and take enemy who constantly vouches to bury us world. tougher forms. These facts were purposely and has the greatest clandestine capacity to If the Nixon administration has one mis­ not made clear in the October 15 protest destroy us politically and militarily. Yet, we sion with two parts, it is (1) maintain the talks because we wanted to involve as many seek by appeasement or convergence" to win determination and the actual power to re­ persons as possible in the initial demon­ him over. This is like feeding meat to shark. buff the Kremlin in every major challenge: strations. While Russian ascendancy in the missile Berlin, the Balkans, the Middle East, the Far "The October 15 moratorium was designed field, including submarines lurking off our East and Latin America. The Bamboo Cur­ to make people comfortable in their new coasts, ls admitted, we have refused for eight tain in Southeast Asia is second only in roles Of resistance. It made opposition to the years to build an anti-ballistic missile sys­ importance to the Iron Curtain in Europe war socially acceptable, perhaps even stylish. tem that would greatly decrease damage from and control of the Mediterranean. (2) The lit was organized to help people shake the attack, save tens of millions of lives, and also betterment of our people at home can only feeling tha;t resistance to war is a form of greatly increase our deterrent power. Nuclear be accomplished in a more placid atmosphere treason. parity, in truth, could only result in com­ devoid of riots, chants, burning, murders, "The point now is that if there is to be a plete inferiority for us in meeting threats of narcotics, crime and godlessness. Order must truly revolutionary peace movement there conventional war and so-called "Wars of be restored. Confidence in our courts and in must be a change in strategy. There must be Liberation." Today, we have no significant the forces of law and order must be restored. direct confrontation wi,th the Government combat forces in the United States really Our children must be less subjected to nar­ and even violence." ready to go, and they will be fewer as we are cotics, pornography, riots, disorders, and Of all the amusing and out-of-place mora­ forced to disband those returning from Viet­ hoodlumism. torium skits I saw in New York were about nam. Our depots are depleted and no new As our President so well said, "we must a dozen dissenters with heads shaved and major weapons system has been successfully speak softly, so we can hear ourselves." the saffron robes of Buddhist monks trying deployed in years. We have suspended our Amen. And we must be able to walk our to get attention while the fantastic Mets latest combat aircraft from operational use streets in a pensive mood at night, without were closing their grip on a remarkable world and are only now about to place a new one danger of theft, rape or violence. Tb.ere must series. As the ticker tape came down, the under development. Don't just take my word. be peace in our land. Patience is a virtue, monks could have been panhandlers for all Stalwart Democrats like Senators Russell, but if you could have seen the motley, filthy anyone cared. Stennis and Jackson have gone on record to crowd who harassed and insulted our Pres­ But the Mets. Why did America go wlld? this effec,t and fought hard to preserve our ident and all good Americans at the Inaugu­ After all, it was only a ball team. Isn't there power. So much for our military position, to ral Parade last January, you would agree that a lesson for an of us here in courage, tenacity say nothing of all the other factors adversely there must be an end to such patience and and teamwork? Isn't this how we arrived at ~ffecting our international position, and the that the freedom and dignity of good men the America we have today? Along with the increase subversive and treasonable activities demand stringent action against these de­ accomplishments of brave men in peace and to which we are being subjected. spoilers of America. in war, in medicine and in space, in numerous Even when we have the advantage, we seem The Kremlin defines peace as a condition other areas where courage, physical and to temporize. If we hadn't stoOd in Korea, that can only exlst in a classless world and intestinal, together with teamwork, is vital Japan might be gone tOday. If we had car­ hence approves any action, no matter how to success, the story of the Mets will have ried the fight to victory beyond the Yalu violent and brutal, particularly "wars of lib­ people shaking their heads for a long time and not given the Chinese forces sanctuary, eration," as a justified means to achieve to come. As someone said about our fore­ we might not have had to be in Southeast their goal. fathers who crossed this great continent Asia tOdiay. Ponder a moment when things I define peace as a condition that can only over 100 years ago, "The cowards never started look dark and some people run for cover, over exlst when a people are generally free from and the weak never arrived." But strong men what tenacity, fortitude and courage mean. subversion, crime and disorder from within did and built a nation from "sea. to shining Think about the Mets. and from the threat of violence and aggres­ sea." Because of our determined stand in Viet­ sion from external sources. There is one There are still uncharted seas and strange nam, 110 million Indonesians are back on major culprit involved here and you know lands to be conquered and a strong and our side, as well as Singapore, and Malaysia who and where it is. courageous people were never more needed and the Philippines, and Australia and New Unlike the America of 1945, which stood than now. Love of God and country and fam­ Zealand can breathe freely again. Thailand united as the bulwark of free people and ily could again make us the Mets among stands sturdy as she has since Korea. Who free nations, today we stand confused a.nd nations. As the oldest republic in this world mentions this accomplishment? Who had bewildered with questionable morale, de­ we still have the obligation to stand tall as told you there are more Asians fighting for generating morals, a growing crime rate, a the symbol of freedom everywhere. freedom in Vietnam than there were in disturbed economy, an insufferable resort Twenty-five years ago today we were cross­ Korea? These are significant gains for the by tough minorities to violence and anarchy ing the beaches of Leyte in the Philippines free world. The routes to India are at least in our cities and our campuses, while our and Asian people rallied to MacArthur's open from the East·, even though the Suez efforts to stem the tide of communism and challenge. How about Iwo Jima and Oki­ is closed from the West. But all this gain chaos are derided in high places, challenged nawa? Were we wrong in going back then? can be lost quickly if we turn tail and run by beatniks and peaceniks and hamstrung Perhaps we should even have let Australia for cover now. by indecision. I thought the rape of Czecho­ and Southeast Asia go under then? Or Britain As the Paris talks drag on, remember the slovakia would awaken us again, but our as well as France in 1940? What do we stand negotiations in Korea were fruitless and frus­ memories are short and the time is very late. for and when do we stand for it? Are these trating for two full years. The current ones The elixir of comfort and complacency decisions for the uninformed to make based could be worse. Even in the final three weeks among the loyal majority of our people of all on emotions or fear, or shall we trust our of negotiations, as the armistice was about colors has permitted a small but well-orga­ leaders to do so based on comprehensive to be signed in July, 1953, my own division, nized minority, backed by powerful sub­ knowledge and adherence to the philosophy the 7th Infantry of 18,000 America.nt, lost versive interests, to threaten all that you on which this Nation and our civilization more in killed and more in wounded during and I and our forefathers have managed to was built. I have faith in our system and Chinese attacks at Pork Chop H111 and create and build over more than 190 years. the Republic which it supports. If democracy throughout my sector than our total forces It is time to rally America to her terrible is only going to be the triumph of medioc­ of 500,000 men have ever suffered in Viet­ danger and you dare not sit idle any longer. rity, however, God help us! nam in any similar period except during the We need to be alert. The restoration of individual pride by TET offensive of the summer drive, to say I suppose the word "moratorium" while it upgrading our code of morals and ethics and nothing of heavy Turkish, Ethiopian, Colom­ means "delaying" was a reasonably accepta­ by fostering greater freedom of enterprise, bian, and Korean losses in troops then under ble term for the obstructionist tactics of a better and more responsible State and local my command. The key to peace is in the week ago. Thanks to the brashness of the governments, and more severe punishment Kremlin, not in Hanoi, but we refuse to face November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35427 up to it and grow relatively weaker day by Between the States was breaking out, Am­ happily and enjoy Freedom and we think that day. The American eagle is being replaced by bassador Cassius Clay at the Court of St. such day is a sure thing. an ostrich with its head in the sand-and Petersburg, Russia, wrote to Secretary of Please believe that in this bank of the Pa­ some doves. State Seward in Washington and I would cific Ocean, there are people who always With regard to Western Europe, the threat like to quote one paragraph from his letter. think about their unlucky brothers who are of future conflict remains serious and un­ He said, "Russia and the United States will fighting for Freedom of their Country and resolved. The significance of the Russian each circumnavigate half the globe in op­ survival of the World and they are not alone. seizure of Czechoslovakia is yet to be fully posite directions until they meet and greet Once more, please accept our sincere thanks realized. She has opened a new gateway each other in the regions where civilization and best wishes to you and your compatriots through Southern Germany. The Russian first began." who are enduring the same suffer that we are. outflanking of Western Europe in the Medi­ He apparently recognized these two great Sincerely yours, terranean along the North Coast, from Egypt focal points of coming world power. What he TRAN-QUY-PHONG. to Algiers, now supplemented by a growing envisioned in the way of how we would greet Attached herewith is my Briefing at the Russian fleet seeking bases in the Mediter­ each other remains for all of us to contem­ Congress on 23 October which I send to you ranean and abetted by France's intransi­ plate, but certainly the area he spoke of was for documentation and dissemination, if pos­ gence, has raised another threat of new and the hills of Megiddo, the Armageddon of the sible. Thank you. serious proportions. The total failure of West­ Bible. ern intelligence to evaluate correctly the Here in the Western Hemisphere is Cuba, U.S. ANTIWAR MOVEMENTS AND THE AMERICAN Soviet design on Czechoslovakia doesn't armed to the teeth and subverting Latin MULTIFACED POLICIES augur well for the future, either. We must America in a constant and deliberate man­ (By Deputy Tran-Quy-Phong) maintain a balance of power in conventional ner. Even mobile missiles there could reach forces, strategic missiles and in space so the southern arc of our country bounded Mr. Speaker, Honorable Members, first, we favorable to the free world that the Soviet by New Orleans, Nashville, and Norfolk, at would like to thank all of you, our colleagues can't afford to launch an "atomic Czechoslo­ least. And your daily reading of unpleasant in this House, for your favorable and quick vakia" against either our European allies or events in the lands of our neighbors to the response to our proposaI to put into debate ourselves. south must certainly give you pause to the question of "US Anti-war movements and As for the Middle East, the Russian thru8t reflec·t. the American Multi-Faced Politics." to take over the Arab countries remains un­ Let's revitalize this wonderful Nation of Your warm response to this matter speaks abated and int·ensifying. Israeli casualties ours wiith faith, not fear; with courage, not out by itself the indomitable will of the Viet­ during some periods are reported as heavier complacency; with sefl.essness, not selfish­ namese people against all conspiracies that than those in the Six-Day War of 1967. ness; and with patriotism, not patronage. try to force us to surrender to the Commu­ While the rearming and reorganizing of the Let the spirit of the men in Apollo XI and nists. Arabs is proceeding under the direction of the Mets symbolize an awakened America. Bringing forward this matter ait today's more than 2,000 Soviet officers and tech­ While I regret all the unhappiness in the plenary session, we intend to clarify it, and nicians, the conquest of Yemen at the south­ world, I refuse to be brainwashed by those make the people know about the true nature ern entrance of the Red Sea continues. There­ who seek to instill in us a feeling of guilt by of the current developments affecting the fore, access to the Gulf of Aqaba for the association for every maladjusted and un­ fate of our nation. Israelis may soon be meaningless if Yemen happy person who exists or every unfortu­ Also, through the forum of this House we falls to Soviet control. Somalia, Aden and the nate incident that occurs. Forget this guilt want to speak to the people of the United Hom of Africa are likewise under increasing complex. Life will always be a struggle. The States and world opinion that the Viet­ Soviet pressure. Man on the cross said so 2,000 years ago. namese people with a quarter of century at With the gates to the Indian Ocean being Let us build up pride by association in­ war, are more conscious than any other peo­ threatened in the Red Sea to the west and stead-pride to be countrymen of leaders ple in the world of the real value of peace. Singapore to the east, access to the Persian like Washington and Lincoln, Tom Marshall We also want to clarify that as a tradi­ Gulf and India is increasingly challenged. and Oliver Wendell Holmes, Teddy Roosevelt tional peace loving people, we are in full Distances between available airports and and Douglas MacArthur, Longfellow and respect for the principles of expression of problems in flying over hostile or neutral Will Durant, Victor Herbert and Gershwin, opinion of all citizens in a democratic coun­ lands even threaten to stop jet air traffic be­ Edison and Henry Ford, and a host Of others, try which could never be permitted to exist tween Europe and the Pacific. The availabil­ big and little, who lived (and a million who behind the Iron curtain. We agree that the ity of essential Middle East and Libyan Oil died, including many of my comrades) to war must be ended, and as anti-war persons to the free world (both Europe and the Far give us the United States of America we in US are doing, we are opposed to the war, East), hangs in the balance. honor today. we are opposed to killings, we love humanity, Yet, despite all this, the indifference and we are eager in exercising principles of free­ even host1llty of Britain and the United dom and democracy. States toward South Africa, Rhodesia and A VIETNAMESE LOOKS AT In a realistic face of the events, however, the adjacent areas is such that our last route THE MORATORIUM we realize that US anti-war movements are of access around the Cape of Good Hop-e to the "knocking a wrong door." so-called "soft," but vitally important, un­ The facts are that: derbelly of Asia lies unsupported and even HON. JOHN R. RARICK 1. We oppose the war. But, to oppose the boycotted in part. How the Soviet must gloat OF LOUISIANA war, we must oppose to the ones who make up over a U.S. policy that is of direct assistance IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Wtar, not the ones who are victims of it. to them based on our national misconcep­ The war-mongers are not other than Rus­ tions, meddling and misunderstanding of Thursday, November 20, 1969 sia, Communist China, and North Vietnam. problems peculiar to the area! How Cecil Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, so that To put the war to an end, we must urge the Rhodes who attempted to find an empire our colleagues may know what our allies war makers to stop their aggression, not their in the vital area of Africa south of the in South Vietnam think about the mora­ victims to lay down their weapons for a war tropic of capricorn, would turn over in his settlement. grave if he could view the actions and atti­ torium activities in the United States, I 2. We oppose the killing because we are tudes of Britain and of some Americans who include a speech by Deputy Tran-Quy­ men. As a poet says "I am a man, if I kill have benefited by his scholarships: Phong in the House of Representatives of men, with whom woUild I live." Really, we You can expect to see the wlll of the west the Republic of Vietnam Congress on want to end slayings. But how do ostriches tested again in Berlin, the Balkans, or the October 23, 1969: with their heads in th.e sand cease the kill­ Middle East. You will recall the surge of the SAIGON, ing? The Communists must stop causing visigoths through Western Europe in the fifth November 10, 1969. death. Please don't ask us to stop killing, century, the Moors in the eighth, the hordes Honorable JOHN R. RARICK, because we k111 nobody. We only defend of Genghis Khan in the thirteenth, and the Member of Congress from Louisiana, ourselves. Ottoman Turks in the sixteenth, when they Washington, D.O. 3. In 1944, when U.S. and allied forces were turned back at the great naval battle DEAR MR. RARICK: It is a great encourage­ landed on Normandy shore, flames and blood­ of Lepanto in the Ad-riatic in 1513. Shall we ment for us when receiving your letter of 23 shed went on in a terrible manner between see its counterpart off the Albanian coast in October 1969. allied and Nazis troops. the twentieth? It could be. We, Vietnamese, know that we are not Suppose that if the embarkation did not Or will the mills of Megiddo, the Armaged­ lonely in this fighting for our beloved Father­ take place, so ma,ny lives would not be taken, don of the Bible, ring again to the clash of land and for the Mankind's civilization massacre in the battle field would not hap­ combat in the Middle East as they did in the against the cunning communist aggressors. pen. But then what would happen? If not earlier days? Whenever I think of the stra­ We are sure that the oppressed people must the entire Europe would fall to Hitler and so tegic importance of the Middle East, my mind recover their liberty some day, if not the many lives would be pushed into slaughter­ turns back to a statement made by one of collapse of the Mankind will be unavoidable. houses. our diplomats over a hundred years ago that We share with East Europeans the unhap­ Night by night thous•ands of bombers still may be prophetic. piness under the terrorist regime of the Com-­ bombarded Germany, so many innocent In May of 1861, as our unfortunate War munist and hope for some day we may live Germans were crushed under debris, but was 35428 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 presence of over a half million of U.S. soldiers to be strongly demanding for an end of the there anyone who had ever voiced his pro­ war and immediate withdrawal of US troops test against such a war? in Vietnam. Mankind was represented to step up the Therefore, before going into full particu­ from S.V.N. are leaders of the Democratic war against the Nazis and mankind itself lars of Anti-War Movements and True Pic­ Party. applauded the righteous cause of this war. ture of th.e Multi-Faced Politics in the U.S., Why? The answer is really simple. It is a Ridiculously, the Vietnamese people in re­ we think we should have a look back to the dispute of power between the two parties. sistance against aggression is being con­ past to see from when and how the Ameri­ Mr. Nixon's winning in the 1968 presiden­ demned. That is really an unfair thing and a cans are present at this outpost Off Freedom, tial election not only kicked out Hubert contradiction. Is it right the good cause of and to know that a U.S. retreat from this Humphrey but also his Democratic Party Europe in the world war II turned to the common defense line is very dangerous and from the US administration. So, accusations "false" one when it is applied to this self wl.11 never haippen. against Nixon and anti-war activities are defense war in V.N.? The independence of this country was looked only as an oral battle of Democrats If we are forced to stop our anti-aggression recognized by the United States since 7 Feb. against Republicans for their purpose of win­ war for the sake of humanity, it is similar 1950. In a first move to support V.N. Presi­ ning more votes in coming elections opening to an action of giving a hand to the Com­ dent Truman announced June 27, 1950 that way for Democratic Party to return to power. munist conquest, a form of the most in­ the U.S. was sending a 35 man military The Democrats have sent troops to VN, and human domination in t:he history of man­ assistance advisory to V.N. On December 23, once held command of the VN war un tn kind. the U.S. signed a Mutual Defense Assistance 1968. If the democrats really want a dis­ 4. we are in an eagerness, more than any­ Agreement with Vietnam, and on September engagement of US forces from VN, why one else of ideals of freedom and democracy. 7, 1951, the U.S. agreed to provide direct didn't they do that during the whole time we are hungry of them as the lungs need air. economic assistance to V .N. they were in power! And by that, we are fighting in bitterness and After the Geneva Conference, President So is the picture of US political life, and sorrow throughout 25 years long. If we don't Eisenhower declared October 24, 1954 that it is only a dispute between the Democratic love Freedom and Democracy, we should have U.S. economic aid to V.N. was being in­ Party and Republican Party. allowed ourselves to surrender to the Com­ creased, and on February 12, 1955, the U.S. Now suppose that the Democrats return munist aggressors and accept a life of slaves, agreed to train Republic of V .N. Armed to power in the coming election, the VN prisoners; of mortal liquidation and terror­ Forces. On February 19, 1955, SEATO, in war policy of the US wm remain unchanged, ism in whioh the Russians, Communist Chi­ which the U.S. is playing a vital role, ex­ and then the Republicans wm take their nese, Eastern Europeans now are living. Ones tended to offer protective cover of South turn to attack the ruling party. All are for who survived in such regime are dragging a Vietnam. obtaining votes; US policy under either party life not of a man. On October 26, 1960, President Eisenhower never changes its major and common objec­ To escapists who are in an urgent demand pledged solemnly U.S. continue assistance tives. for the end of the VN war by an uncondi­ to V.N. for its defense. On the other hand, stopping Red China tional giving up, we would like to quote a On April 3, 1961, President Kennedy's Ad­ from expansion as far from the US as Vietnamese writer as saying: ministration signed the Treaty of Amity and possible is stm an unchangeable strategy "Vietnamese's tears are pouring, and will Economic Relations with Vietnam, and by of US policy. pour a long time. the end of this same year (December 14) Pulling out a large number of US forces "Vietnamese are bleeding, and bleeding President Kennedy declared U.S. prepared from VN is necessary when the US achieves unceasinglessly. to help R.V.N. preserve its independence. its strategic goals here. "Our people is a tiny one, but suffers great After the revolution that overthrew The US Democratic leaders also under­ misfortune. President Ngo-dinh-Diem, U.S. forces in V.N. stand that fact and their loud for US with­ "Our endurance is a giant one. numbered 15,000 in December 1963 and then drawal is considered only as a move to "push "If bitterness and hardship are to be were being gradually stepped up to more an already open door." measured: than a half of million by the end of 1968. The Democrats were making great efforts, "Vietnam is invincible. On February 7, 1966, President Johnson even sacrificing their presidential seat, "Vietnam stands first in bodies counting and Premier Nguyen-cao-Ky in their joint to fulfill U.S. strategic objectives in VN and corpses gathering. communique declared at the end of Honolulu for the sake of the U.S. interests. These ob­ "During 25 years, V.N. condolesces-V.N. meeting that the two countries would con­ jectives were accomplished and the Commu­ makes burials endlessly." tinue to resist aggression. nists have been defeated. This is· a work We are tearing and bleeding since a. long Another fact that is necessary to be con­ "well-done" mostly by hardworking Demo­ time, our people are much unfortunate, ex­ sidered is that on August 7, 1964, after North crats. The Democrats, however, do not like cessive of .sorrow. Count bodies, pick up dr-ied Vietnamese fleet attacked U.S. destroyers to witness the Nixon Administration and skeletions: We win ohampionSihlp and keep Maddox and Turner Joy in Gulf of Tonkin, all the Republican Party inheriting their glori­ on counting and burying until unspecified U.S. leg.isla.tors, (except two) voted the "Gulf ous a:chievements, and nor do they want to time. of Tonkin Resolution" empowering the Presi­ see Ni~on winning hearts of' the American Recently, we have just counted from the dent of the United States to exercise all citizens when he is ca:lling home an in­ bottom of spring Suoi Da Mai in Thua-thien necessary measures to repel any armed at­ creased numb'er of U.S. soldiers from VN Province another thousands of skulls, pieces tacks against U.S. forces and to prevent any that the Democratic governments could not of bonres of innocent people mS1SSaared by further aggression. do during their tenure of power. the Comm.unists. This fact evidences that U.S. engagement In doing something to recover sympathy We are plunged in grief, in indignation. in the war against Communist aggression from the Americans, the Democrats are Through years of war no family has not in V.N. was a work which has been favored noisily criticizing to withdraw U.S. troops received bad news of their sons, their by a majority of the American people, it is from SVN even though they have known brothers from every corner of the country. not a work of an individual or a party. better than anyone else that their demand So, we hate the war, and we are in hatred In reviewing all of the foresaid facts, we is not necess•ary because Nixon did with­ Off it. We want peaice but we still have to come to realize that U.S. engagement and draw U.S. troops, and wlll do that when he keep up fighting for our self-defense. If one pledge to safeguard S.V.N., an out post of feels it is necessary. As I mentioned in fore­ cannot blame a man who nearly dies of thirst the Free World, were unquestionable, and going analysis. U.S. pullout is mandatory tha.t "Ls it not enough for you in suoh a. they were initiated by 6 successive U.S. Presi­ when U.S. goals are achieved. However the thlirSlt? dents, from Truman to Eisenhower, Kennedy, Democrats want the American people to "Why don't you stay lying down like this Johnson and now Nixon, of both the two know that withdrawal of U.S. forces from but waiste your force to crawl a;way for big parties of the U.S. It was a commitment South Vietnam is .an accomplishment of water?" so he cannot accuse us of being war­ that was calculated and prepared carefully, their party, by pretending that they have like. We know that as long as the war goes not the one that was decided in a hurry, forced Nixon and his Republicans to do. on, we still faice long sufferings, but we still and so, it is not easy to be given up over a Doing by such a way the Democrats hope have hope for preserving freedom for our night with no regard to honor and existence they will obtain more votes from the Ameri~ next generations, and also for youngs·ters of of the United States herself. can public in the coming elections as re­ free naitions that have not been yet under U.S. BIPARTY POLITICS sult of their present efforts. direot Communist thJ:eats, rather than a Present anti-war movements in US are REPUBLICANS ALSO WANT TO PUSH ANTIWAR surrender to the Communist aggressors. MOVEMENTS TO CLIMAX In conclusion, we want anti-war persons noisily launched by a number of congres­ to ask war illl1tiators for an immed1ate stop sional democrats criticizing the Nixon ad­ The Democrats are acting for votes. But of their a~gl'ession, and not to ask us to ministration's VN war policy. the Republicans are not staying still. The sUI"l'ender. Soineone had com.plained: "Oh, They are doing as though the one who flact is that the Republicans also want to Liberty! On behalf of you, they are making caused the war and made US troops pinned push antiwar wave up to a climax. For so many orimes !" We also want to follow in down in VN is President Nixon and his Re­ what? To make the enemy (North Vietnam, this way to say "Oh, Peace, on behalf of you, publican Party. Red China and Russia) understand that they they are encouraging aggressors." Everyone is well aware that pouring US will have no reasonable hopes that escapists Mr. Speaker, and Honora.ble Members, in a troops .into VN was the work of the Johnson and defeatists in U.S. will be capable of one-faiced judgment, we can say the anti-war administration of the Democratic Party. forcing Nixon's administration to surrender movements are launchied bec81Use of t!he But, it is so ridiculous, the ones who seem in Vietnam. November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35429 At the peak of those anti-war movements, times contradict each other. The problem is mands for still greater access to the richest President Nixon announced determinedly we have to grasp imtiative in all matters market of all here at home; confusion, to that he is not going to be the first President regarding peace and war wh-ich presently are say the least, over the proper role of the presiding over a US surrender. He wanted to our vital interests we should be fighting for supplementals; the sound of speed and, I say that the Communists had better be rea­ at any cost. have named only a few of the hottest and sonable, enter quickly in serious negotia­ Mr. Speaker and Honorable Members, I noisiest. It is only natural and proper that tions. And everything has been made clear think we make our own voice and clarify the new Administration has started a new that anti-war movements cannot make our position today not because we are wor­ international air policy review to update the President Nixon change his mind. ried about anti-war movements in US which last one published in 1963. That is the true picture of anti-war activi­ would possibly force Presdent Nixon to give A number of us here participated in that ties in US. We also understand, however, up this country. On the contrary, we feel that there have been not only those Ameri­ review which President Kennedy directed necessary to voice loudly, clearly, and frankly in September 1961 and published in April cans who are opposed to the VN war, but before both friends and foes of curs that we a majority of the American people are giving 1963 after numerous inside and outside will never be affected by their maneuvers, studies, extensive consultation within the full support to the resistance of the Vietnam­ that we are well aware of their international ese people against Communists because aviation industry, and months and months conspiracies. · of discussion and debate amongst the de­ they are conscious that they are fighting for We also know very well in what postion the US itself. partments and agencies. Some of us have we are staying, and we have to determine moved from academia to panacea. Some have Through anti-war activities in US, we have that we will never accept to be played in any some particular remarks: First, political. op­ gone from high corporate or banking life to game of any of our friends or foes. high policy life in Washington. And, I guess position in a democratic system like the on~ We wish that our drafted resolution be in US is a very normal thing. Second, not all 1f you got them all in one room this would discussed and favorably passed in an effort certainly be the world's most experienced American citizens voted for Nixon, but to contribute some of our part to the present nearly a half of them were voting for Hum­ study group. What this exchange of roles glorious struggle of our people. We thank dramatizes and what I'll try to emphasize phrey. However, the most remarkable hap­ you all. pening is that according to democratic pro­ is that each of us has a role to play in a cedures, political opposition should logically comprehensive U.S,-fiag international air be expressed through elected representatives transport system. As I see it, the current re­ in the Congress forum, not by taking to AVIATION ADDRESS view should be oriented toward the analysis streets or violence. of this system-its performance, both quali­ tative and quantitative, past, present, and The Democratic Party now has a majority future. in both Houses, if the Democrats really want HON. HUGH SCOTT a US retreat from VN, why don't they put OF PENNSYLVANIA The 1963 policy survived and served the the VN problem to the vote by their ma­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES nation rather well until it was shattered by jority to force Nixon to do way they want? the decisions in the Transpacific and other They don't do that, but they do incite Friday, November 21, 1969 recent route cases. And, I guess, the lesson from this, which we should have known students to act the way ais "Do the thing I Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, an excit­ say, not the thing I do". They know better all along, is that national policies mean ing age is dawning for our commercial something only so long as our rulers and than anyone else that they have to serve aviation industry. In the next few interests of the USA, of their party and of regulators have convictions about them and their own. These interests so important that months, the introduction of the Boeing hold to them. a hurry retreat from VN is somewhat im­ 7 4 7 into the air lanes of the world will Now this new Presidential policy is wel­ possible. It is a ridiculous thing when Viet­ revolutionize air travel. This second gen­ comed by those who have been asking for namese students were abused by politJical eration superjet, capable of carrying decisions on merits, who are desirous of poli­ profiteers in 1965. Now American students are more of our citizens safer, higher, faster cies rather than pressure as determinants taken advantage o'f by a group of political and more economically than any aircraft of the course of international aviation. Natu­ opportunists. ever before built, should herald a second rally all of us want "to be helpful." That Anti-war movements in US are reflecting is, "participate" in some way in such a study. a mood of living with full conditions of travel revolution in our jet age. And as we found in 1961 and 1963, I hope democracy in conformity with US democratic However, in this ·very rosy sky, storm the policy formulators of 1969 and 1970 will tradition. These movements prove that even clouds are gathering. Rising operational find, it is desirable to have independent, non­ a minority has the right to voice its impres­ costs, greater labor costs, increased sub­ governmental sources of enrichment of these sion, its attitude. sidized foreign competition from with­ studies. It would, it seems to me, be desirable However, people like Pham •.ran Dong and out, and unregulated competition from to have seasoned sources Of systems analysis others, who are used to do the way of the within, have placed our airline industry provide inputs into this study unfettered by Communist dictators, cannot imagine and into a real economic plight. either commercial or bureaucratic bias. And be conscious of such an opposition and I assume-I guess we all asume-that in quickly sent greetings to pacifist leaders. Mr. Najeeb Halaby, president of Pan addition to answering questionnaires and This act gives no advantage to the Commu­ American Airways, and a former Ad­ submitting data for the record, that the Ad­ nists themselves, but it unmasked their dirty ministrator of the Federal Aviation Ad­ ministration will call upon private leaders faces to world opinion. ministration, is deeply concerned about of U.S. international aviation, jointly or sev.­ erally, to comment upon the proposed poli­ GRASPING INITIATIVE IS NECESSARY what is happening to our commercial air cies in the late stages of their development Now we know well about the true picture carriers. His recent address entitled "The before they've been presented to the Presi­ of US politics and anti-war movements, and Great Airline Dilemma," which Mr. Hal­ dent fo·r decision. we have no reasons to be confused about aby delivered before the International demands for US pullout and about escapist Aviation Club in Washington, is timely COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM acts of a group of Americans. indeed. I sak unanimous consent that it This kind of dialogue proved extremely The only complaint iS' that we don't grasp valuable to President Kennedy in early 1963 firm initiative. be printed in the RECORD, and that the and could well serve President Nixon as he We forget that anti-war movements in questions and answers which follow also pilots U.S. into the turbulent '70's. US are only a "magic show" of both sides in be included. The 1963 study sought: "A well reasoned a power dispute in a democratic regime. There being no objection, the address policy for international air transport ... We sincerely think that our current prob­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, (that) will carry us far toward the primary lem is not the one of worry about anti-war as follows: objective of U.S. international air transport activities in US that can push the Nixon policy; to develop and maintain an expand­ administration's sellout of RVN, but the one THE GREAT AIRLINE DILEMMA ing, economically and technologically effi­ of how we must show initiative in determin­ (By Najeeb E. Halaby) cient international air transport system best ing our own peace and war policies. Selecting a subject for so sophisticated adapted to the growing needs of the free It is because we have not grasped yet our an audience as this is not easy, and certainly world, and to assure air carriers of the United initiative, we are still under a permanent civil aviation has enough things to think States a fair and equal opportunity to com­ delusion by this movement to that movement about these days. The aviation community pete in world aviation markets so as to main­ from some remote country, completely far has its full share of concerns: fare warfare; tain and further develop an economically from our homeland. the introduction of the 747 and other wide­ viable service network wherever a substantial We don't blame anyone, we don't blame bodied jets; supersonic projects in the Soviet need for air transportation develops." ourselves either. Union, the United Kingdom and the United I emphasize the word "system" and you We must understand that the Americans States and France; inflationary wage settle­ should know what I am assuming about that have their own problems and we also have ments; skyjacking rampant untn some of word. It is really defined in Section 102 of the our own. the recent vigorous efforts produces some Federal Aviation Act of 1958-the same as Therefore, although the Vietnamese and control; skyrocketing fees for landing and the 1938 Act--and when the references are the Americans are amed peoples, each side handling around the world; airport, airways made to the domestic and foreign commerce has some problems and interests that some- and ground access; foreign-flag airline de- of the United States, the postal service, the 35430 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 national defense--and you are, of course, llshed way o! reviewing, year by year, the way REASONABLE COMPETrrION familiar with the background and the in­ in which the decisions of the Board have Rivalry among unions presents an enor­ terpretations of that Act. worked out, cumulatively in practice within mous impetus to the spiraling costs, and I'd like to try a fair translation of what the perspective of the total system. nowhere m sight do we see a process of the system should mean today. The U.S.-flag Perhaps there should be assigned in the balancing the relative powers of labor and international air transport system should, in Board staff a kind of "policy keeper" whose management to serve the general public. my judgment, make it possible for the Amer­ job would be to advise in each case, and on This, of course, is a problem for all trans­ ican traveler and shipper consistently to a semi-annual basis, the extent to which the portation, not just all airlines, and I am cer­ conserve ever more time at reasonable prices. President's announced policy is being carried tainly not wise enough to stand and say that And along With the State, D~fense and Post out. I have a pat solution nor that I want to pro­ Office departments, travelers .and shippers To those who would have us steer by the pose a crackdown or rigid wage controls or should have access to U.S.-fiag service al­ stars rather than the lights of each passing other oversimplified answers. But, the proc­ most anywhere in the world-service assured ship, we pledge our full support, and, in fa.ct, ess for setting labor cost has become at by professional management and regulated I guess most of us are praying for success once the least controllable and most signifi­ by our own government in terms of both of this latest in a series of searches for na­ cant part of the management of the air safety and adequacy. tional air policy. transportation system we seek. It requires It should contribute to the gross national I think it is most important at this mo­ the urgent attention of government and air­ product of the United States; that ls, create ment in aviation history, however, that the line labor and management. growing employment opportunities and de­ Administration explicitly state its intent to Moving to the subject of competition, my mands for domestic goods and services. preserve a strong, regulated, U.S.-flag air view is rather simple, perhaps too much so. (Incidentally, it should provide a market transport system which enjoys the full con­ Competition in and of 1.tself is neither good for American-built transport and acces­ fidence of the public and the financial com­ or bad. It is a very powerful public policy, a sories-and by operating these competitively munl ty on which the industry depends. means to an end. It can be good for the con­ throughout the world, create corresponding HIGH LABOR COSTS sumer as in the soaip business or very costly export markets abroad.) as in the telephone business. In the airUne In this respect, the 1963 policy was both business-even though it ls a public utility It should improve the U.S. balance of pay­ wise and practical, when it said that consid­ ments by saving foreign exchange through and would expect to be treated like a public eration must be given "to the welfare of the utility, free from competition because of reg­ providing U.S.-flag airline service for Ameri­ carrier," recognizing that that welfare must cans which would otherwise have to be ulation-we can and should have competi­ be thickened by the warm summer fare as tion. We should have that level of competi­ bought from foreign lines. And so long as the well as thinned by the cold wintry diet of American market forms roughly two thirds tion that promotes growth and assures safe, empty seats, strengthened by the routes they convenient, necessary service at a reasonable of the world market, this is most important have pioneered and improved as well as and grorwing in importance. price. But in the international environ­ weakened by the effort of developing new ment-where the American regulator can­ Further, it should gain foreign exchange routes and struggling with the foreign flags by attracting the patronage of foreign trav­ not control all that happens in the mar­ and their cartels, for all the ethnic markets ket-one kind of competition that is, the elers and shippers to U.S.-fiag service, that that exist within our country and elsewhere. is, exports of American air services, and by addition of new U.S. carriers, must be Coming back to the analysis underlying weighed against the consequences it often helping to create foreign markets for Amer­ this new policy, I think the result must be ican aircraft, engines, and accessories. brings. clear that the system envisaged in 1963 bas First, it brings increased reciprocal serv­ And, finally, it should keep a civil air been thrown out of balance by costs, com­ transport system in being, ready for ·a na­ ices to the United States by foreign car­ petition and the complexity and uncertainty riers-frequently higher cost, higher fa.re tional emergency, supported by commercial of the regulatory system. We now face a trade in peacetime. carriers. situation in our great industry where: Second, it brings limitations on the ability WELFARE OF CARRIER Costs are rising steeply with no correspond­ of the U.S. carriers to offer increased I think the Act without question contem­ ing improvement in revenues. capacity. plated the continuation of American demo­ Competition is excessive anct increasing, Third, it frequently brings seriou1S limita­ cratic capitalism and that this kind of sys­ and, tions on the U.S. carriers' use of the most tem should be built with private capital, Complexity and unpredictab1lity of the efficient equipment ait optimum frequency. and therefore the system must operate prof­ regulatory system involving both the U.S. Does all this reaJ.ly help the .passenger and itably if it is to raise the new capital in and foreign governments is limiting and un­ shipper? I think not, and I think we ought the private market-the capital essential to dermining management's best efforts in for­ to stop assuming that multiplying the num­ continued growth in both size and quality. ward planning. ber of U.S. flags will automatically mean Therefore, when I talk about a U.S.-flag Problem number one, the rise in costs, better service for the consumer whom the system, I am not talking about lines on a will continue to plague the airlines. Labor carriers and the Government exist to serve. map or even of traffic. I am talking not costs are particularly worrisome. To give you It has not been true historically that there about the system in the narrow sense of the one example, Pan Am had a net income of is automaitic improvement. For example, ex­ regulatory process, but of a subtle complex $49 million in 1968. That was before we amine our experience in South America. And, of technical skill, the marketing ability, signed contracts with five unions repre­ certainly there is no reason to believe it wm sound earnings and strong capital positions, senting 25,000 employees in mid-1969. Had be true in the future. all moving with a constantly changing global the 1970 to 1972 wage level, as provided in I know that you know that I speak for a environment. these contracts, been in effect in 1968-in "have" carrier, one that has a lot of inter­ Now if that's comprehensive enough for other words, projecting backwards to 1968 national routes. But none of them is a mo­ you, it seems to me we should study the the 1970-1972 labor cost-our costs for that nopoly, and competition is already at work performance of the system under the exist­ year would have been $100 million greater and there are other means to spur improve­ ing U.S. policy. In other words, since 1963 than they actually were. In other words, our ment of the U.S.-fiag carriers where needed. have we gained or lost ground in the pur­ operating profit for all of 1968 would have I hope, however, you won't disqualify me suit of our objectives? And, no less impor­ been more than wiped out. for having this conviction about the balance tant, what are our prospects for the future? The increased level of wages since the new and multiplicity of competition. This is a Only on this basis, I believe, can we find out contracts will exert heavy pressure on the conviction about an industry to which I have whether our government policies have served profitability of all the carriers in the future, devoted much of my life. More importantly, the system well or badly. If these policies even the supplemenrtals as they become or­ I hope you will not be deterred from asking have served the national interest and the ganized by the same or similar unions. The whether the point I make does not have public interest badly, then they need amend­ financial analysts are perhaps right when objective merit for all Of us in assessing civil ing, and this should be done systematically they say we in the scheduled industry are air transport in the Seventies. and comprehensively, not just case by case. enjoying "profitless prosperity." "Enjoy," ROUTE SECURrrY I am emphasizing the performance of the however, is not the right verb, despite our The 1963 Air Policy Statement wisely system as a whole because of one obvious dogged optimism in the face of adversity. warned that "neither the interest Of the peculiarity in our regulatory system com­ The unions, as you know, have a specially air transportation system nor the countries pared with those of other nations. Of course, tighit grip on the airlines. True collective bar­ involved are served when a route with little I am not the first to observe that the statute gaining, historically and properly designed to traffic is burdened by a number of carriers imposes on the members of the Civil Aero­ equalize labor's role, is becoming a myth, a greater than is economically justifiable." nautics Board an adversary case-by-case sys­ remnant of "the folklore of capitalism." Col­ Violation of this policy within the pro­ tem, shifting the greater part of the initia­ lective bargaining assumed th01t two sides tected domestic market is perilous. To ignore tive to the adversary rather than to the would be more or less evenly matched. Today it on the international routes is potentially planner or engineer of the system. the unions have overwhelming economic catastrophic. A careful review of negotiations Even in a very large and complex case strength, and are applying it with fewer with foreign governments since 1963 will, I covering a broad area, it is hard for the Board scruples and more muscles while the public think, show that the presence of two or to gain a true and timely over-view of the responsibilities of common carriers as public three U.S.-flag carriers increasingly forces probable consequences of its decision. Still utiUties make them particularly susceptible many foreign governments concerned to do less-as far as I know-is there any estab- to union techniques. two things: first, to seek additional reciprocal November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35431 rights in the United States for their own while denying Pan Am supporting routes at are faced with a most serious fare crisis in flag carriers; second, to try to limit the home. Why, ask some of the government's about six years. Now, at Lausanne, the fare frequency of the U.S.-flag carriers. What's top officials, doesn't Pan Am apply for do­ men are again seeking agreement, surround­ more, the new rights granted to the foreign­ mestic routes? "Well," we have patiently ex­ ed by an unprecedented number of fare fil­ flag carrier frequently result in not only re­ plained, "they had upset the balance of civil ings at below cost figures. The scheduled air strictions but in pressure for upward revision air power prescribed in the 1963 U.S. Air carriers of IATA react to the large new ca­ of fares. Policy but had not rebalanced the competi­ pacity increases of 1970 (some 45,000 addi­ Finally, the efforts of the American-flag tive opportunity at home for the U.S.-flag tional seats will be added in 1970 alone) and carriers are fragmented, the dollar outflow carriers designated to take on the foreign­ react to the frightening diversion of their is increased, and neither can offer the full flag carriers worldwide." traffic by the charterers in 1969, estimated spectrum of service required to compete On reflection, we doubt that many were between 750,000 and 850,000 passengers across fully in the market. fully aware of all that had been involved in the Atlantic by the supplementals alone. There has recently been a suggestion from this most unmanageable case in the world's SIMPLIFY FARES the Department of Transportation that the aeronautical history. Our recent, very limited application to carry fill-up traffic on our · In this situation, what should our fare route structure from the East Coast to Europe policy be and what should be our method of be revised to permit more U.S. airlines to offer nearly empty aircraft serving only interna­ tional destinations across the United States setting fares around the world? First, to dis­ one-plane service to the Continent from U.S. cuss the method of setting fares, there has inland cities. The present assignment of via New York, California and Hawaii, wm not cure our weakness in the heartland of our been over the years a conflict between the routes which was designated to remain in U.S. antitrust philosophy with its emphasis force until 1973 has two U.S. scheduled com­ own market, but it will provide us with a transfusion while a cure is found. on pricing in the open market in response bination airlines (and one cargo carrier) com­ to the interplay of supply and demand, and, peting against 20 foreign airlines, six U.S. As far as the supplementals are concerned, the recent leadership of the CAB must now on the other hand, the widespread pooling supplementals, and nine foreign supple­ and cartel practices of the rest of the world. mentals based in Europe, a total of nearly recognize that it has produced what amounts to ambivalence in regulatory policy. Acci­ The result has been the development of 38 carriers, depending on the month and the the International Air Transport Association mood of their promoting governments. dentally or intentionally, the Board has cre­ ated two transport industries: the scheduled as a vehicle for establishing fares in the in­ This suggestion to add more is not going ternational market. From 1961 through 1963, to make things merrier, and the going one which it regulates, and the nonscheduled one which it can regulate in theory-but does American policy makers labored d1ligently to greater, except possibly for the plane makers. find a superfor alternative. These alterna­ A reasonable degree of route security has not in practice. The result is an industry that is half slave tives ranged from free market pricing with­ been the cornerstone of the Federal A viati on out any restraints to fare fixing by govern­ Act and the regulatory process. The sched­ and half free. Why is the slave part regu­ lated? The answer is that airlines like TWA, ments themselves. uled airlines must plan for the use of bil­ In the end, after the most thorough dis­ lions of dollars worth of equipment well in Northwest, Braniff and Pan Am are charged with a public interest responsibility and with cussion, no one could come up with a better advance. Pan Am's own public service im­ a national defense obligation. And they method than that which is still in effect; provement program alone adds up to a bil­ should be. namely unanimous agreement among sched­ lion dollars. uled carriers servicing the region followed REDEFINE NONSKEDS ROLE ' Therefore when a major route case is by government reviews and government ap­ opened or even when it's completed, the However, in the course of executing these proval, disapproval, or proposed government scheduled airlines need to receive some as­ obligations, these airlines are compelled by variation of the agreed upon fares. Despite surance that the flight carpet will not be definition to operate at relatively low load all of its shortcomings, its frustrating slow­ pulled out from under them in mid-program. factors. And this means that the fares they ness and the difficulty of achieving unanim­ The carrier is entitled to benefit over a rea­ charge must be sufficient to cover the costs ity, the IATA machinery is still the best prac­ sonable period of time from use of its equip­ of total public service, including the empty tically available to us. ment in markets it has developed. Assurance seats and empty cargo space represented by What should the U.S. objective in these of tenure, when the competitive balance is the relatively low load factors. oonferences be? H seems to me that the first preserved, leads ultimately to better public Now there ts, of course, a place for the objective is to serve the passenger and the service. supplemental air carrier. That place is the shipper with lowest fares at which the car­ COMPETITIVE BALANCE UPSET market for chart~rs--military and com­ riers can recover costs and a falir return on We feel at Pan Am we can discuss com­ mercial-where the scheduled carriers can­ investment. Obviously this kind of fare must petition with some authority and experience. not provide the capacity and that do not oreate additional opportuntties; that is, it I guess it's fair to say we face more com­ divert individually ticketed passengers from must generate business. The fares must also petition than any other airline and perhaps the scheduled carriers. balance out the system revenues, so that more than any other private corporation in I am convinced that, as they :::re now from a cold, poor season of deficits the car­ the world. Pan Am's transatlantic services are preferred and policed, the supplementals do riers can recover to the warmer, happier in direct competition with 37 other airlines. divert from the regular industry more than season of profits. We compete with 49 opera ting to and from they generate new business. I believe that The seoond objective should be to reach Latin America, and 15 to and from the Pacific analysis will demonstrate the following four agreement and a.void, if you will, a devas­ area. Of course, most of it has been enthu­ conclusions: tating prtce warfare such as led to the neair siastically bestowed upon us by our own gov­ 1. The majority of passengers traveling on . destruction of the world's maritime shipping ernment, by the Board and by the State De­ charter flights from the U.S. to Europe have system not too many decades ago. The third partment, and both of these agencies pay us flown abroad before on scheduled airlines; is to support and preserve the position of repeatedly a high compliment of thinking 2. About 70 per cent of them would have tour operators and travel agents who feed that we are resourceful enough to absorb an gone abroad on regularly scheduled flights if and stabilize the air travel business. Finally, infinite amount of punishment all at once. there had been no charter flight; and this is far from the least objective, we These same agencies apparently have a 3. At least 80 per cent of the charter pas­ should seek early and thorough simplifica­ lower opinion of some other of our friendly sengers travel individually in Europe rather tion of the fare structure. It is now possible competitors, foreign and domestic, whose than in a group; and for passengers traveling in the Economy sec­ competitive opportunities seem to be widen­ 4. The majority consider the charter spon­ tion on an Atlantic flight, New Yock to Lon­ ing. The Government at times seems to feel soring organizations as nothing more than don, to be traveling on 18 different fares. that it owes a living to the nonscheduled an air travel booking agent who can provide Not only does this oonfuse the passenger and airlines, and almost enthusiastically gives them with cut rates for travel abroad. agent, but requires the most difficult and them preferential treatment. The Govern­ If these conclusions are demonstrable, then expensive training of airline people them­ ment grants foreign-flag airlines access to the air policy makers clearly have the op~ selves, results in numerous mistakes and op­ the great American market in a manner not portunity and the obligation to re-establish portunities for violation of the rules. always commensurate with the value of U.S. a single system of regular service and re-. So, as we anxiously await the outcome of rights abroad. define an enforceable role for the non­ c:Leliiberations at Lausanne, I believe we would For example, our Government has jeal­ scheduled carriers to supplement rather than have to say the IATA maethinery is the best ously safeguarded the privilege of Irish Air­ supplant the public utility carriers. In other currently available or in sight and th8it it lines to operate fr.:::m New York, Boston, Chi­ words, they should be regulated again and wm probaibly uI.timateJ.y lead to agireexnent cago, but has confessed in the past an in­ strictly limited to charters and mmtary air­ on Atlantic fares through 1971. And miracu­ ability to persuade the Irish government to lift. Careful thought could also be given to lously these fares will continue to be rela­ permit Pan Am, the selected American-flag the public service the supplements could tively lower in cost than any other compar­ airline a comparable opening to serve Dublin. provide in association or consolidation with able service you can buy anywhere in the One must ask whether the reason is gov­ regional service carriers and air taxi operators world! ernmental indifference or governmental in­ where the extraordinary ingenuity and re­ HIGH TECHNOLOGY ability to moderate political preference with sources of the supplementals could prove I have discussed the problems confronting economic prudence. their ability to generate new markets and the industry: costs, competition, complexity. And, of course, the government has au­ fulfill public demands. My remar~ thus far hardly reflect the repu­ thorized every domestic trunk line to com­ In addition to all the other problems that tation of airline executives for sparkling op­ pete with Pan Am outside the mainland seem before us, the international airlines timism in the face of adversity. However, 35432 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 there are positives as well as negatives, clear should be assured a fair, full and equal op­ continued to fly it in eight hours. That's a. skies as well as clouds. It's ironic that the portunity to compete with our friends abroad, long answer but I think it's a fair one. industry faces so many problems on the very whether as individual carriers or in pool. Q. Can you please comment on discount eve of what promites to be a revolution in And, I do think, despite the current squalls, fares? technology and public service. that we can pull out of this current descent HALABY. Well, I've been called from th:is Symbolic of this superjet age, of course, and ascend to higher heights of publ'ic serv­ podium Captain Ahab, and, as I remember it, is the Pan Am 747, soon to be followed by ice and economy on the wings of a strong he was out to harpoon the white whale. I the DC-10 and Lockheed 1011. Of course, this new, public policy. certainly have no such aim, no matter how 1s the logical, high technology choice for air­ fat these fish get, I don't have any desire to line management in its quest for an eco­ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS harpoon them. I would like to see them swim nomically sound and efficient system of air Q. Can you please comment on mergers? and feed in protected water, you might say, transportation. HALABY. The subject of mergers has been in an area that's well defined, rather than In 1965, when we and Boeing decided to covered recently in two public staitements, swallow up the whole ocean. Now our prt­ go ahead with the 747 for airline use, there one by the Assistant Secretary of Transpor­ mary aim is to fill the seats of a fleet of Wal> a sound basis of national policy and very tation, who stated that there was under de­ about 160 jets-25 of which will be 747s by sound economics on which to place the $600 velopment within the federal government a the end of next summer-and to fill those million order for 25-the largest single for­ policy regarding mergers. I'm sure that all seats we want regular fares, First Class and ward commitment in aviation history. And, of you in this room are as curious and as Economy that aJ.'e largely designed for busi­ as in the past, a U.S.-tlag carrier would lead anxious about this proposed policy as we are. ness and some pleasure travel. the world into this new era of mobil1ty. We await that with great interest. Second, we want some kind of bulk fare, The public thinks of the 747 as the biggest, The other was a statement by the Chair­ some kind of wholesale fare, if you will, but for the industry it's the most spacious man of Pan Am to the effe<:t that . Pan bought in advance, that will stimulate new and the most highly qualitative airplane of Am was considering the subject of mergers. travel that might otherwise have gone to all-a compendium of everything we've I think it is fair to say that as a result of our own charters or the charters of others. learned in over 40 years of building aircraft. the very great proliferation of additional car­ And third, since it's always been our policy And it will be without question, the best riers, both domestic and international, this in Pan Am for 30 years now to offer the lower commercial aircraft ever produced, best not is one of the most active studies among al­ fare whenever we can, we want a lower ind'i­ only in terms of passenger comfort but best most all of the managements, particularly vidual excursion fare that will generate as in terms of operational reliability, aerody­ of the trunks. much new business in the pleasure travel namic efficiency, flight safety, economics, and market as possible. airworthiness in general. There have been discussions with one or two carriers, and I'm sure there will be more. But having said that, it's much easier to Despite current problems, that is our pre­ say than get agreement in IATA on such a diction, and of course new technology does We have no merger under negotia tion or in prospect. We do, however, feel that ·this may fare. I don't want to be ex parte-but I just indeed mean better service. It also means in­ hope that early next week while the delibera­ creased efficiency and economies of operation. be one way to strengthen this international air transport system and assure a greater U.S. tions in Lausanne are at a critical point; that These economies in turn enable us to intro­ is, whether to reach agreement or to go into duce and retain fares which broaden the share of it. Q. I wonder if I might ask it you have a devastating, chaotic kind of fare warfare­ market and provide the earnings needed to ! hope that it will be possible for them to re-invest once again in new technology. You any comments about recent reports of Pan Am interest in the TU-144? hear a clear voice from Washington which are all familiar with the pattern. It has been says that at least for 1970, the bulk-inclusive the cycle of progress for the civil air trans­ HALABY. I guess anyone who goes to Mos­ cow these days comes back with something tour is acceptable to the United States Gov­ port industry. ernment, knowing that we'll go forward into Now the cycle has been thrown out of bal­ in addition, perhaps, a bottle of vodka and a tin of caviar. I came back with a story that's more simplified fares in the future. ance by the problems which I've discussed Q. Is Pan Am starting its own supplemen­ with you today. However, we have every con­ followed me an around the world, and it seems to be the only thing of sharp inter- · tal airline? fidence that the 747 will go a very long way HALABY. I think non-sked and supplemen­ towards solving some of these problems, im­ est, particularly to foreign journalists. That was, why did we go to Moscow to look at the tal originally had a meaning. Now they're proving earnings, and restoring balance to in doubt. We have a charter service in Pan the cycle of progress. TU-144? You recall a couple of months ago, we in the Paris Air Show agreed with the Am and have had for years. It's been severely Against the darker background which I've inhibited and limited by CAB regulations painted, there are other bright spots in the Russians that they could see the 747, and we would like to see the TU-144, which had only and by the diversion of aircraft, as many foreground. The world air travel market is as 17 out of our fleet, to support the gov­ still growing and we can remind ourselves been briefly shown to journalists in Moscow one afternoon in the Spring. vernment in Vietnam-the R&R and the that only about two per cent of the world's regular MAC lift. So we've always had in three and one half billion souls have ever We got together a balanced team including the Chairman of the Airline Supersonic Ad­ that sense a supplement to our regular ti.own in an airplane. And amidst all the fears scheduled service, and this summer we of­ and fares and frustrations that have recently visory Committee, a Pan Am test pilot and engineer, and the Vice President in charge fered more charters than last summer, and beset us, we can be encouraged that the next summer I think we will offer still more record of the scheduled U.S. carriers for of Development at Boeing, and we went over and hiad several days of very interesting charters. But the idea of buying or setting safety, reliability, and quality of service con­ up a unique sort of supplemental airline tinues its upward course. observations and discussions with the Rus­ sians. They didn't offer us the sale of a within Pan Am is not envisaged at this time. NEED NEW PUBLIC POLICY TU-144 and we didn't offer to buy one, but How much more charter capacity we offer Finally, I think we can afford to enjoy a it raised speculation that we might be there will depend upon market conditions. renewed sense of confidence in our govern­ as a purchasing mission rather than as a Q. Is it your impression that the Russians mental leadership at State, Transportation, technical evaluation group. have more than one prototype of the TU- and CAB. We are most fortunate in the midst I said then and have repeatedly said we 144? of these stormy skies that President Nixon are fortunate that there are three supersonic HALABY. Let me tell you the real signifi­ has put in the Washington cockpit both ex­ vehicles under development; four, if you cance of that visit that we made to Moscow. perienced and intellectual men of great in­ count the Concorde twice, because of the two I found a whole new attitude among the tegrity and responsibility. national industries developing it. And, out Russian aeronautical experts, one of confi­ In closing, I would suggest that we re­ of this competition, we will get another burst dence and candor and openness that I had dedicate ourselves to the community of in­ of speed which is what we've been selling all never previously experienced in about eight terest we all share in an economically sound these years, the oonservation of time. years of dealing with them as a government and technologically efficient and dynamically When I hear that we aren't conservation­ official and as an airline executive. competitive civil air transport system. ists, I get pretty mad. There is no more con­ They told us more, they gave us direct, I think we can navigate between the thun­ serving group of people in the world than full answers. We sat for an hour or so in derstorm of "the more the merrier" and "Mt. the airline industry, in terms of safety and the cockpit with a very competent test pilot. Monopoly" on the other side. I think we can research into measuring noise, in terms of And there was nothing sacred or secret. On and should abandon the recent tendency to­ compressing the world, in terms of conserving the other hand, they don't have all the data ward multiplication of carriers and the in­ time. Now there can be visualized a situation at their fingertips that the British, French evitable addition of deficits. in which Pan Am and other carriers would and American test pilots and engineers I think it's only fair to say that the world consider the purchase or lease of a TU-144. would make available. When we asked them does not owe the supplemental a living, nor And those conditions are that either for whether there was a second prototype flying, does it owe the scheduled carriers a sanctu­ political or technic·al reasons the Concorde they said that there was not at that time. ary, but it does owe the traveler and the ship­ or the Boeing SST does not go forward into Now whether there is or not, is another per a door-to-door, dock-to-dock system of full economic development-and Aeroflot matter, but all of the other answers that safe and efficient common carriage by regu­ puts the TU-144 on the world's routes. they gave us were direct and plausible, and lated public utilities. I think it's true, and We would certainly not sit comfortably it's a rather remarkable technological tour certainly recent negotiations in Japan and watching even on a thin route like the Mos­ de force to have gone supersonic at the end Malaysia h ave been good examples, that the cow-New York route Aeroflot flying the At­ of 25 hours of flight time. As you know, international carriers of the United States lantic in three an a half hours while we the Concorde has, I think, . reached about November 21, 1.9 69 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35433 1.15 or 2 after almost 200 hours. Now again Side Story," "Africa Addia," "The Merce­ produce films to their liking than Hollywood, this could be part of the promotion, but naries,"" Valley of the Dolls," and "Che!" Moscow or Peking." according to the pilot and the engineers, the Black Africans, but not coloreds or Indians, Mr. Pieterse is starting with a James airplane was taken through the transonic have been forbidden to see "Tom Jones," Bond-type series of films. Another local into the mach 1.35 supersonic range with "The Dirty Dozen," "Darlilllg," "The Magnifi­ movie-maker, Anthony Handley, has already confidence and with predicted results. cent Seven," "From Russia with Love," begun filming "Knockout," the first of a pro­ What the economics of the airplane will "Spartacus," "A Flarewell to Arms," and "One jected series of movies. The theme is boxing be, there is a shaking of the head because Hundred Rifles," which starred a Negro actor, instead of espionage. they don't have the kind of data required for Jim Brown. airline economic analysis. And of course the A blaick African recently complained in a Concorde doesn't either, and it will be very, letter to a nonwhite weekly newspape.r that very important to the operators of any of blaick Africans are allowed to see only "sec­ ANALYSIS OF PRESENT-DAY ISRAEL these airplanes to know that there are many ond rate seoret-service films and rather low­ many hours-many, many missions, you type Westerns." might say, and certainly tens and maybe Recent titles at Johannesburg theaters for HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. hundreds of hours at supersonic cruise be­ black Africans included "Booted Baby," OF VIRGINIA fore we have to buy. "Busted Boss," "Glory Guys," " Track of We do not want any of these overlapping Thunder," "Long Riide from Hell," "Stage IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES programs where with a half finished flight Struck," "Kiss the Girls and Make Them Friday, November 21, 1969 test. program, production commitments are Die " and "Tarzan and the Huntress." made on an airplane as costly and important • Film makers here estimate that only 7 per Mr. BYRD of Virginia. Mr. President, as this one. So whereas I'm still a super­ cent of the black African population has eve·r Robert Mason, the editor of the Norfolk sonophile, I must say that I have never felt seen a movie. This is due in part to a short­ Virginian-Pilot, has written an illumi­ that we should rush into the production age of theaters. Soweto, a sprawling African nating analysis of present-day Israel, phase. We should move very rapidly through township outside Johannesburg with a popu­ based on a recent visit to that country. the flight test phase, and I'm glad to see lation of 600,000, has just opened its second movie theater. Curfews, township crime and Mr. Mason gives clear insight into the we are at least taxiing away from the de­ thinking of Israel's leaders today. I ask velopment ramp at this point. inadequate transport limit movie-going. Thank you very much for my opportunity There are a few multiracial movie theaters unanimous consent that his article, en­ to be here and for your kind attention. in the larger towns and cities. titled "War and Peace in Israel," pub­ DEMAND INCREASING lished in the Virginian-Pilot of Novem­ "Not for Bantu. No children 4-12" is the ber 16, be printed in the Extensions of Remarks. ZULUS CANNOT SEE "ZULU' ' IN notice frequently displayed outside box offices. There being no objection, the article SOUTH AFRICA As black Africans become more urbanized was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, and better educated and as their importance as follows: as consumers grows, the demand for better HON. DONALD M. FRASER movies increases. · "A PATIENT PEOPLE"-WAR AND PEACE IN OF MINNESOTA Mrs. D. Mabiletsa, director of a welfare ISRAEL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES center in Alexandria Township-a shanty (By Robert Mason) Thursday, November 20, 1969 town outside Johannesburg-says: "Cinema­ JERUSALEM.-A joke here is that Israel is going is an aspect of our new township cul­ the most peaceful of nations-that she has a Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, once a ture. Standards and aspirations are rising. piece of Egypt, a piece of Jordan, and a piece society begins drawing invidious distinc­ More and more Africans have radios and of Syria. If the humor is grim, the spirit is tions between its citizens, wonderland is they are asking : 'If you can hear why not lively. entered. The following story would be also see?' " For at the borders there is the appearance JohanneS'burg's Urban Bantu Council re­ of what Theodore Roosevelt called his Cuban hwnorous if it were fiction. But it is cently attacked the Publications Control excursion: a bully little war. Israeli soldiers about South Africa and real people are Board's restrictions. "The judgment of a par­ on leave from it or preparing to enter it wear being subjected to these remarkable ticular group is being imposed on the free­ pride as conspicuously as they wear sub­ movie regulations. dom of choice of the whole African com­ machine guns. Girls being trained for back­ As usual the South African whites say: munity," it said. up military duty clamor for paratrooper It is we, the people of South Africa, who Censorship has become harsher as the at­ qualification. Hup ! Hup ! Hup ! That is the understand the Bantu. titudes of international film-makers have motto of the Israeli youth--of the "secret changed. The freer use of sex, the appearance weapon," in David Ben-Gurion's phrase, that Few whites in South Africa ever think of Negroes in dignified and leading roles and won the Six-Day War of June 1967 and today to ask the black South African what he t he growing emphasis on civil rights makes is the world's most highly motivated fight ing wants. m ovies increasingly unaccept able to the machine. The article from the New York Times, South African censors. If older Israeli heads look more soberly One certificate issued by the censors said: toward Cairo, Amm!l.n, and Damascus, it is November 17, 1969, follows: "No bant u . No persons 4-12. Excision s : elim­ with no less confidence. There is much jus­ ZULUS CAN'T SEE "ZULU" IN SOUTH AFRICA inat e shot of white man kissing colored girl. tification for this national attitude. The JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA , November Eliminate whole of bed scene." Sinai Peninsula, where President Gamail 16.-Five hundred Zulus waving property­ LOCAL MOVIES PLANNED Abdel Nasser of the United Arab Republic room assagais-or spears-helped make a massed more than a thousand tanks in his movie called "Zulu" on location in South It is estimated that eight times as many ill-fated attempt to destroy Israel two and Africa a few years ago. It dealt with the bat­ films are banned to Africans as to whites. a half years ago, now is an Israeli buffer tle of Rorkesdrift where about 80 British sol­ South Africa's small movie indust ry is zone, occupied and fortified. Having been diers held out against an overwhelming force planning to cash in on this movie starvation. pushed westward to the River Jordan and of Zulu impis, or batt le divisions, on Jan. Encouraged by a recent Government deci­ the Dead Sea, Jordanians have lost still more 22-23, 1879. sion to increase subsidies for films in Afri­ of the territorial avantage that lent credence kaans-the language of most of South Af­ to the Arab threat to kick Israel into the But not one of the 500 extras nor any of rica's whites-two groups have announced South Africa's 15 million blacks has seen the Mediterranean. And the Golan Heights, from movie alt hough it has made the circuit of plans to make films specifically for African which Syrian guns scowled as witheringly on local theaters twice. consumption. Israeli farmland as the relentless sun, h~ve Thirty-year-old Andre Pieterse, who built been turned into a museum of airms wreckage South Afrioo.'s Publications Control Board, up a massive chain of drive-in movies, has an autonomous body, dec.ided that the movie under the Shield of David. was not fit for black African consumption. set up a new organization called Film Trust. Israel therefore is geographically stronger "South Africa has a responsibility toward its tenfold than in 1967. The 13-power Arab Presumably the censors felt it might give the Bantu people," he says. "My plan is to de­ now docile Zulus the idea of taking up their Summit Conference, which Colonel Nasser assagais again. velop a Bant u film industry with an esti­ has organized for next month, must face up mated annual turnover of 25 million rand to that hrard fact. Alt hough Nasserism has In South Africa apartheid policies are as (about $35-million) ." been resupplied with Russian weapons and strict on movie-going as they are on living "The choice of imported films is becoming is better prepared-by experience, if nothing areas, jobs and the u:se Qlf public transport. increasingly difficult since liberal and per­ else-than before, this question remains: MOVIES ARE LIMITED missive thinking seems to predominate in does it dare risk a second and possibly fatal Movies banned to nonwhites have included most overseas films," he says. "I intend to humiliation by extending its terrorist raids "The Incident," "Sweet Charity," "The De­ make South Africa the Hollywood of Africa. and other har assing tactics, including rocket tective," "Prudence and the Pill," "The Bos­ It is we, the people of South Africa, who un­ fire a.nd, just lately, naval shelling, into an ton Strangler," "Rosemary's Baby," "West derstand the Bantu. We are better able to all-out offensive? 35434 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 The Israeli military esta.blishment seems Secretary General U Thant's accommoda­ outside, he added-a contention parodis­ to think not. Both it and the diplomatic tion of Nasser in 1967 through removal ot tically familiar to a Southerner's ears.) In corps ask, indeed, how long the Arab states the U .N. Emergency Force from the reprisal the Israeli m111tary has destroyed can maintain their current tactics without Gaza, has left bitter memories. "Interna­ about 250 Arab houses-far fewer, its spokes­ losing control of their armies and population. tional organizations are not popular here," men insist, than The Timoo editor reported. During the week that Colonel Nasser wa.s Mrs. Meir mused in fine understatement. The reprisals are a painful subject in Israel, bidding his friends to Morocco, an Israeli Sometimes it is suggested that Jerusalem yet the military justifies them as a dis­ military official experienced in both combat is the key to Middle Eastern harmony-that couragement to terrorism and contribution and intelligence affairs said approximately lf Israel would give up control Of the Old to civil stability. Jordanian law applies this: City and its holy places, all other pieces throughout the West Bank, under the ad­ Israel holds the initiative especially in of the territorial puzzle would fall into place. ministration of the Israeli military through the air. Every Egypttan ground-to-air mis­ But there is no reason to believe Israel Jordanian local officials. About a fourth of sile site 1along the SUez Oanal has been si­ will allow her capital to become again a di­ the punishment accorded the West Bank's lenced.. There continues to be a milit·ary vided city. 2,000 prisoners was by administrative rather problem on the Suez and the northea.stern "We were prepared, with broken heart, to than judicial process, and some of it may borders, but it iB a much simpler pr.oblem see internationalized Jerusalem according to have been of a drumhead sort. Still, Arabs than in 1966: "We have taken a great leap the U.N. decision of 1947," said Mrs. Meir. who fled after the fighting are returning to forward, Israeli s•tyle." A part of the di­ "And then we lived for 20 years in a divided the West Bank in increasing numbers and minished. problem ts Russian hardware a,nd Jerusalem.; and all the good people in the now total upwards of 30,000. influeI11Ce; the 3,000 to 5,000 Russian adv-isers world think it terrible that we used force in Conditions in the Gaza Strip and the Sinai in Egypt and Syria engage in planning a.s the occupation of the Old City. I always want are not uniformly -pleasant, if one may bor­ well as training, down to the battalion level: to know by what decree of the God Almighty row understatement from the Prime Minis­ "We fight an army of Russian brains, but did [King] Abdullah [of Trans-Jordan] get ter. Mrs. Meir's words on the subject are fortunately of Egyptian pilots and Egyptian to Jerusalem in the War of 1948 when he these: soldiers." The Fatah commandos are a nui­ attacked us. "We a.re not taking it upon ourselves to sance--"a bloody nuisance"-lm.t they have "The difference is that when Abdullah oc­ solve the refugee problem that is 21 years failed in limited. objectives and the .A:ra.b cupied the Old City every single Jew, even old. Not only because we are not the ones leaders know they are incapable of destroy­ those who had lived there for generations, who created this problem, but if this prob- ing Israeli ba.ses. Meanwhile, Israel is quite had to leaive, and during 20 years no Jew 1,em was not solved until now, it was be­ prepared to live with her military problem was allowed to go to the holy places. When cause the Arab states refused to solve it. f·or as long as she has to-"and we are known we occupied. the Old City of Jerusalem, it They wanted it to be as it is in order to use to be, I think, a patient people." was thrown open to everybody; and cer­ it as a weapon against Israel without any A ques·tion that enters both military and tainly everybody th.ere of the Arab popula.­ consideration as to the human factor. An­ diplomatic d·iscussions of the border warfare tion-60,000 or 70,000 of them--can go to other thing thait is necessary to know is that Ls the dumb111ty of Arlaib paitience. A high any holy place that is holy for him, whether in 1948, when the Arab refugee problem was Israeli official said in the course of a morn­ it is Ohristt.an, Moslem, or Jewish." created by the leaders of the Arab states, ing's discussion: If Israel determinaroton is solid, if Israeli there was also another refugee problem. King Hussein would like to settle Jordan's confidence is monumental, if Israel hopes There were 250,000 Jewish refugees in Nazi problems with Israel; "he doesn't dream are high, the Six-Day War and the two cam­ camps those three years after World War II. the dreams that Naisser does." A fear ot paigns before it, plus the continuing after­ ... In addition, there were between 500,000 stigma among his Arlaib neighbors stays him. math, nevertheless are expensive, worri­ and 600,000 Jews who came to us from Lebanon, which did not enter the Six-Day some, and difficult. Although the border these very same Arab countries, from Iran War, remains relatively friendly. How long struggle is invisible in 90 per cent of the na­ and Yemen, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Morocco, Nasser can feed his generals on defeats and tion, it is felt everywhere. Israeli income Tunisia, and so on." his populaition on lie.s Ls anybody's guess­ taxes are the highest in the world, and so, Is there revenge, then, in Israel's refugee although in a place like Egypt it is easy to lie. at $1,400, is the per-capita national debt. policy? Mrs. Meir's reply is: "As long as Syria remains the most extreme of the Arab Defense is costing three times what it did in we are responsible in the Western Bank and staJtes; she is exporting terrorilst.s into Leb­ 1966--about 20 per cent of the Gross Na­ the Gaza for people's welfare--they have anon, from where they hit and run and oc­ tional Product, as contrasted to 9 per cent nobody else to go to, no other government caisionally infiltrate in1x> Israeli villa.goo. But in the United States. Every boy and g.irl is will be responsible for their welfaire--we the Israeli Army is just 40 miles from Da­ drafted into the armed forces at age 18, the will look after their health and education ma.sous aind oould ma.roll there tomorrow. boys for three years, the girls for 20 months, and their housing and development. That This official and a career diplomat em­ and every man remains in the reserves until we are prepared to do, as it is our duty to phasized that the basic political problem in 55 (the maximum age having been raised do it-but not the solution of the refugee the Middle East is to peiisuade the Arabs from 50 this month). Reserves rob the labor problem if i·t means resettlement within to recognize thiat Israel not only exists but force of 10 per cent of its total, and the our borders." is here to stay; all boundary issues will be Israeli labor force in a peaceful time would A final question demands consideration. meaningless until Israel's legality is ac­ be lean enough. What is the future of a nation whose entire knowledged. "We want to make peace, but Moreover, the occupation of captured. ter­ youth is m111tarily trained and alert-whose not by remote control," the official said. ritory, the West Bank especially, is mili­ boy-girl army is gung-ho to a superlative "There will have to be a direct confrontaition tarily taxing and politically embarrassing. degree? How does one distinguish between at the peace table." Along the Jordan and in the Sinai "acts of the Israeli youth grandly saluting through a resistance are multiplying" and "repression That is a sticking point, when Prime Min­ tank's hatch from ~hat goose-stepping youth ister Golda Meir visited. President Nixon in is severe," the foreign editor of The Time.s of a generation ago? If the girl learning to Washington recently, she presumably was of London wrote recently. "As yet the stage fire a light weapon near Tel-Aviv is a na­ urged by him to accept some sort of media­ of heavy reprisals and collective punish­ tional heroine, what of the girl who takes tion. But Mrs. Meir, busy these days at or­ ments has not been reached. But eventually, her ordnance lessons in Peking? if things go as they are now, it will come." ganizing a new Israeli Government following Avraham Harman, the former Ambassa­ this month's elections that endorsed her One who has just traveled through the dor to the United States who now is presi­ strong middle course, in a two-hour inter­ West Bank and Gaza and Sinai to the Suez dent of the Hebrew University in Jerusa­ view a few days ago made it aibundantly Canal is entitled to believe the British lem, may provide an answer. Once the Israeli clear that she will yield neither to the Nas­ journalist exaggerated. Indeed, the Israelis soldier takes off the uniform and returns ser-led demand that Israel surrender the over the past two years have undertaken to his stud~es, Dr. Harman noted, he will grounds seized in the Six Day War nor to dilligently and intelligently to improve the endure no regimentation and no flag-waving. J!!ast-West pressures to bring about Big Pow­ West Bank Arabs' lot through industrial em­ He concerns himself with a few friends and er intervention. ployment and modernized farming. The his books, rejecting the Big-Man-on-the­ Israel is ready to sit down with any of Israeli colonel commanding one of the Woot Campus role. "The easiest way to break up the Arab states, singly or collectively, she Bank's seven military districts said his re­ a convocation is to present a speaker who said. "We accepted our borders as they lations with the 100,000 Arabs under him orates about youth and country and duty," were in 1967," she noted, "but our neigh­ are excellent. A tenth of them are com.mut­ said Dr. Harman. bors made war. This only proves to us that ing into Israel for work that pays three those borders were not safe-and the Arabs times the Arab rate. "We are trying to con­ And a handsome general who wears both taught us that lesson." vince Arabs that it is possible to live with an aviator's wings and a paratrooper's badge, So while Israel will talk with the powers Jews," he said. That is Israeli policy; Israel with whom this writer sat over Turkish coffee understands well enough that the West one evening, may have provided another she overwhelmed and apparently will com­ clue. "History will examine us," he said, "as promise, certainly as to the Sinai and the Bank is a show window for the Arab world West Bank, she has no idea of weakening beyond it. to whether we could win the war and could herself strategically. Most clearly she will Yet the colonel conceded that in 1969 not win the peace." not trust the United Nations to solve the there have been 30 terrorist incidents in his A nation whose generals are also philoso­ Arabs' quarrel with her, the U.N.'s han­ district that cost four Arab and two Jewish phers will not be forever comfortabJe in the dling of the 1956-57 Suez shootout, and then lives. (Most of the troublemakers come from hobnailed boot. November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35435 PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY "considering that you won your election by without having to repeat a menu for 30 such a slim margin of the popular vote, you days. should be a;ble to realize the significance of Alabama has over 500 square miles of lake HON. J. CALEB BOGGS a one-man, one-vote system." (Peterson won water. OF DELAWARE by about 2,500 votes last November.) Alabama's mineral districrt can furnish Yesterday during their 90-minute class in enough coal to cover the whole of England IN THE SENA TE OF THE UNITED STATES a small building at the college south of Wil­ three feet deep. Friday, November 21, 1969 mington, the students discussed going to The world's largest steam electric generat­ Washington to present their case for the ing plant is in Alabama. Mr. BOGGS. Mr. President, in these amendment, and Little filled a blackboard Alabama is the home of the first appa­ times when many youths are charac­ with their arguments for passage. ratus used in the demonstration of the terized as working outside our political The present system is obsolete, and offers X-ray. system, a group in Delaware has emerged no guarantee that the Electoral College will Alabama boasts 100 textile mills equipped that is working actively within the sys­ vote the will of the people, one list said in with 1,701,000 spindles. tem to effect change. part. Alabama gave the world its first' ice mak­ Under the heading which asked why Dela­ ing machinery. A political science class at Wilming­ ware should be the first to ratify the amend­ The first run of an electric street car was ton, Del., College has undertaken a proj­ ment, it was noted that Delaware was first over Alabama streets. ect to aid in attempts to bring about elec­ to ratify the Constitution which set up the Alabama has the distinction of having toral reform. These ambitious youths original electoral system, and that ratifica­ granted the first diploma ever issued to a have contacted Delaware Gov. Russell tion here would help explode the theory that woman by any chartered institution author­ W. Peterson, members of the congres­ small states do not want to change the elec­ ized to confer degrees. sional delegation and State legislators in tion process. Auburn University was the first southern their quest for prompt action on electoral And, there was a list in which the students college to establish a chair of electrical en­ placed their criteria for a political system. gineering. reform. Not only do they want Congress "If the system is so inflexible that it can't The first railway track west of the Alle­ to pass the resolution pertaining to direct be changed to meet the needs of all people, gheny Mountains was laid in Alabama. popular election but they want Delaware regardless of age, then we need another sys­ Alabama has over 1700 miles of navigable to live up to its name, the First State, by tem," Little wrote on the blackboard. streams, making it the leading State in the ratifying such a constitutional amend­ He stepped back and asked, "Is that too Nation in miles of navigable waterways. ment first. radical?" No one thought so. Alabama has more natural resources than Their actions have attracted consider­ Members of the class have done all the any other area of its size on the face of the able attention in Delaware. I commend work on the project, although Little admits globe. to having chipped in to help finance the them for their great exercise in partici­ copying of the letters. patory democracy. I ask unanimous con­ "The hardest part was finding five pieces A PROGRAM TO IMPROVE THE sent that a newspaper article written by of letterhead stationery," he said. "I wasn't OPPORTUNITY OF STUDENTS Joe Distelheim, and published in the going to help them-it's part of the red tape." Wilmington Morning News of October The fall term will be over in Januairy, but 24, describing their efforts, be printed the students apparently intend to follow HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI in the RECORD: through on their project. "I think it's going to work, but it may take OF ll.LINOIS There being no objection, the article IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, a little time," said David Newberry, 25, of near Wilmington, "We'll work on it in the T(iursday, November 20, 1969 as follows: middle of the summer if necessary." SEEK END OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE-STUDENTS Newberry, Rudolph and Howard Strickler Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Ameri­ TO TEST POLITICAL SYSTEM have been coordinating the project. RUdolph, cans live in a dynamic, multiethnic (By Joe Distelheim) 20, is from North East, Md., and Strickler, society, surrounded by the wealth of cul­ 21, from Long Island, N.Y. The students are doing the testing in a tural legacies brought to this Nation by political science class at Wilmington College our forefathers. Fortunately, they have this fall. left us many treasures from all parts of They are testing the American-and the the glob&-the vivid beauty of their Delaware-political system to see if, and THE STATE OF ALABAMA music, drama, dance, and art; the dis­ how, it responds to people who wish to use it. tinctive fiavor of their folklore, lan­ The idea is to get the U.S. Senate to pass guages, and 'literature; the dignity of the proposed amendment allowing direct HON. JOHN BUCHANAN election of presidents, and then to see that OF ALABAMA their values and beliefs. Today, these Delaware is the first state to ratify it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES priceless heirlooms continue to nourish In this age of demonstrations, the 25 stu­ and grace the American heritage. dents in the class are willing to try working Thursday, November 20, 1969 This Nation thrives on a deep sense of through channels. Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, one Of ethnic community. It flourishes on the The idea of trying to use the American my constituents has recently sent me a pride of origin shared by its people, both political process came from the class instruc­ list of some of the factors which make as committed Americans and as devoted tor, 'rhomas L. Little, who, not coincidentally, Alabama a truly valuable asset to the individuals with strong ties to their own is a state representative. The decision to con­ indigenous neighborhoods and groups. centrate on the proposed amendment was United states. Not listed, but most im­ made by the class. portant of all are the 3% million fine In the past century, however, our Little, R-Deerhurst, said he told the class citizens who, like Mrs. N. H. Meeks of society has begun to deny the existence at the beg:ining of the term that "if they take Adamsville, Ala., who sent me the follow­ of these origins. We have been challeng­ the time to learn the system, they can change ing list, are working together to make ing the concept of ethnicity, eroding the anything they want to change ... that it's our State an even fairer, better place for delicate tendrils that link us with our more productive than demonstrating." So all its people. I am proud to serve as one past. Indeed, we have oversold the value far, the students seem to have learned that of Alabama's Representatives and want of homogenization, sacrificing the di­ not only learning but work, red tape and a to call to the attention of my colleagues versity of our pluralistic society for the great deal of waiting are involved. sake of uniformity. The proposed 26th amendment, which a few of our beloved State's rich assets: would do away with the Electoral College STATEMENT BY MRS. MEEKS Consequently, many of our ethnic system, currently is in the U.S. Senate Judi­ Alabama is the only place in the Nation groups have developed a profound sense ciary Committee. The students have written where iron ore, coaJ and limestone, neces­ of cultural inferiority-a feeling that to all three members of Delaware's congres­ sary for the manufacture of steel, a.re found they are second-best Americans because sional delegation, first to find out about in the same area. · they have carefully preserved their orig­ the amending process, then to try to get Alabama is the cast iron pipe capital of inal languages, their customs and tradi­ the amendment to Delaware for ratification the world. tions, and their unique styles of life. Some as soon as possible. Alabama ls one of the world's leading pro­ have even totally forsaken their ethnic Other letters have gone to Gov. Russell W. du~rs of boilers. Peterson, asking him to speed the amend­ The Nation's largest exclusive manu!ac­ bonds. ment on its way to the General Assembly as turer, in its line, of toys is in Alabama. This problem pervades every city and soon as it arrives, and Little, chairman of Alabama farm.s can produce enough foods State, every corner of our Nation. In the House Elections Committee. on present acreage to furnish a daily menu, Chicago, alone, it can a:ff ect the lives of The letter to the governor sa.ys, in part, to all its citizens, of fancy and staple foods, at least 30 percent of the population, who 35436 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, 1969 are foreign-born or second-generation depth, about the ethnic culture of his or preparing to utilize the curriculum ma­ citizens. own family and forefathers, and about terials developed under this title. The most serious casualties of this their contributions to the American way "ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS quasi-cultural obliteration have been the of life. In addition, he could learn about "SEC. 904. (a) In carrying out this title, young. Today, our Nation's youth are many of the other readily identifiable the Commissioner shall make arrangements plagued by a sense of rootlessness. Many ethnic groups in the country. which will utilize (1) the research facilities of them are caught up in a malaise of In this important effort I have been and personnel of colleges and universities, (2) the special knowledge of ethnic groups in alienation and are channeling their en­ joined by my colleagues, Representatives local communities and of foreign s,tudents ergies to a search for identity. JOHN H. DENT, AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS, pursuing their education in this country, and In a very real sense, these are the "For­ WILLii\M D. HATHAWAY, ADAM C. POWELL, (3) the expertise of elementary and second­ gotten Young Americans," with no feel­ WILLIAM T. MURPHY, GLENN ANDERSON, ary school teachers. ing of belonging in our heterogeneous so­ JOHN CONYERS, JR., EDWARD J. DERWIN­ "(b) Funds appropriated to carry out this ciety. SKI, LEONARD FARBSTEIN, MARGARET M. title may be used to cover all or part of the Society's transmitters of cultural val­ HECKLER, SPARK M. MATSUNAGA, MELVIN cost of establishing, equipping, and operating ues, its primary and secondary schools, PRICE, and EDWARD R . ROYBAL. the Centers, including the cost of research materials and resources, academic consult~ have taught these young people nothing As H. G. Wells wrote in "The Outline of ants, and the cost of training of staff for the of their own ethnic backgrounds, and History," "Our true nationality is man­ purpose of carrying out the purposes of this this omission has led them to conclude kind." The time has come for our schools title. Such funds may also be used to provide that their heritage has no status in the to teach about the contributions of all stipends (in such amounts as may be de­ value system of the society. Therefore, mankind to our nationhood, and the termined in accordance with regulations of it is scarcely surprising that so many Ethnic Heritage Studies Centers Act of the Commissioner) to individuals receiving young people have failed to develop a 1969 would contribute to this worthy training in such Centers, including allow­ positive self-image. goal. ances for dependents. Typically, their school history les­ For the information of my fellow " AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS sons teach about one or two countries Members, I am including the fallowing "SEC. 905. There is authorized to be ap­ and remain indifferent to the rest of the bill in its entirety: propriated to carry out this title for the world. Their art, music, literature, and fiscal year ending June 30, 1970, the sum of language classes are equally narrow and R.R. 14910 $10,000,000, and for the fiscal year ending exclusive, thus reinforcing a distorted Resolved by the Senate and House of June 30, 1971, the sum of $20,000,000." Representatives of the United States of picture of their environment and an­ America in Congress assembled, That this Act cestry. may be cited as "The Ethnic Heritage Studies TERRENCE McCABE SALUTED BY Such a pernicious educational defi­ Centers Act of 1969." WISCONSIN CHEESEMAKERS ciency warrants the attention of our en­ SEC. 2. The Elementary and Secondary tire population and of Members of the Education Act of 1965 is amended by adding Congress, as its representatives. at the end thereof the fqllowing new title: HON. GAYLORD NELSON To remediy this situation, I have in­ "TITLE IX-ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDIES OF WISCONSIN troduced H.R. 14910, "The Ethnic Herit­ CENTERS IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES age Studies Centers Act of 1969." This "STATEMENT OF POLICY Friday, November 21, 1969 act would establish a number of Ethnic "SEC. 901. This title is enacted in recogni­ Heritage Studies Centers, each devoted tion of the heterogeneous composition of the Mr. NELSON. Mr. President, ea.rlier to the development of curriculum ma­ Nation and of the fact that in a multi-ethnic this month the Wisconsin Cheese Mak­ terials dealing with one ethnic group of society, a greater understanding of the con­ ers' Association honored Mr. Terrence one regional group of ethnic cultures, for tributions of one's own heritage and those of W. McCabe, Chief of the Import Divi­ use in elementary and secondary schools. one's fellow citizens can contribute to a more sion, U.S. Department of Agriculture, at harmonious, patriotic, and committed popu­ their annual convention. Such materials would pertain to a par­ lace. It is further enacted in recognition of ticular group's history, geography, so­ the principle that all students in elementary Mr. McCabe, a native of Wisconsin ciety, literature, art, music, language, and secondary schools of the Nation should and graduate of the Wisconsin State drama, economy, and general culture, and have an opportunity to learn about the dif­ College at Superior, has served with dis­ to the group's contributions to the Amer­ fe.ring and unique contributions to the na­ tinction in a variety of important posi­ ican heritage. tional heritage made by each ethnic group. tions in both the Wisconsin State De­ Each center would also train teachers It is the purpose of this title to assist schools partment of Agriculture as well as the and school systems in affording each of their U.S. Department of Agriculture. to use these materials and would make students an opportunity to learn about the them widely available to elementary and nature of his own cultural heritage, and In his position overseeing sensitive secondary schools throughout the United those in which he has an interest, and to agricultural imports, he has served with States. Teachers could utilize these cur­ study the contributions of these forebears to fairness and discretion. He has been re­ riculum packages as study units in their the Nation. sponsive to the feelings of the varied regular classes or as the basis for creat­ "ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDIES CENTERS concerns of Ame.rican agriculture while ing totally new types of educational pro­ "SEC. 902. The Commissioner is authorized tending his duties according to the let­ grams. to arrange through grants to public and pri­ ter of the law. An Ethnic Heritage Studies Center vate nonprofit educational agencies and or­ Mr. McCabe's father fulfilled an im­ would be operated by public or private ganizations for the establishment and opera­ portant role in the Progressive move­ nonprofit educational agencies and or­ tion of a number of Ethnic Heritage Studies ment of Wisconsin and was a friend and ganizations. To design and implement its Centers, reflecting the readily identifiable adviser of Senator Robert LaFollette, Sr. programs, each center would draw on ethnic groups represented in the population It is in the best of this tradition that the existing resources of colleges and of the United States. Each such Center shall Mr. McCabe has executed his duties. The carry on activities related to a single culture tribute that the Wisconsin Cheese Mak­ universities, the expertise of elementary or regional group of cul~ures . and secondary school teachers, and the ers' Association has bestowed upon him "ACTIVITIES OF ETHNIC HERITAGE STUDIES is greatly deserved by this fine public special knowledge of ethnic groups in CENTERS local communities as well as foreign stu­ servant. "SEC. 903. Each Center provided for under I ask unanimous consent that the ci­ dents pursuing their education in this this title shall- country. "(1) develop curriculum materials for use tation accompanying Mr. McCabe's spe­ The bill would authorize $10 million in in elementary and secondary schools which cial honorary award be printed in the fiscal 1970 and $20 million in fiscal 1971 deal with the history, geography, society, RECORD at this point. for these purposes. economy, literature, art, music, drama lan­ There being no objection, the award As a major consequence of this bill, our guage, and general culture of the group with and c.itation were ordered to be printed which the Center is concerned and the con­ in the RECORD, as follows: young people would be able to develop tributions of that ethnic group to the Ameri­ greater awareness and appreciation of can heritage. CITATION-SPECIAL HONORARY AWARD TO TERRENCE W. McCABE the importance of all ethnic civilizations " ( 2) disseminate curriculum materials to to our national heritage. Every one of the permit their use in elementary and secondary (Read by Roland C. Behle) 51.5 million students in the primary schools throughout the Nation, and Terrence W. McCabe received his Bache­ grades and high school could study, in " ( 3) provide training for persons ut111zlng lor's Degree from Wisconsin State College November 21, 1969 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 35437 at Superior. He did advanced work at the matters, as would be expected from some­ that President Nixon on October 23rd in a University of Wisconsin where, as a graduate one in her position. Message to the Congress addressed himself fellow, he served with the Wisconsin De­ to the importance of reviving the American partment of Agriculture and Markets in the Last night she was designated Woman merchant fleet and called on management preparation of the legislation for the first of the Year by the Women's Advertising and labor within the industry to join him fluid milk marketing law. He continued with Club of Baltimore at a dinner in her in that endeavor. the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture honor. This is the second time this group And thus, I repeat, at last there is a pro­ and Markets after receiving his Ph. M. degree has honored Mrs. Bentley as Woman of gram from an Administration looking toward from the University of Wisconsin. He also the Year, the last time being in 1957. the Nation's future on the sea. It is the job held the position of Statistician for the Wis­ This time she spoke, not on maritime of every one of us to see that this program consin Agricultural Authority. matters, but on the need for unity among and the hopes it carries with it come to Mr. McCabe's career with the United States our people and a recognition of the many fruition. Department of Agriculture began in 1937 Congressman Edward Garmatz, Chairman when he joined the Crop Reporting Service benefits and blessings we enjoy as citi­ of the Merchant Marine & Fisheries Com­ at Madison, Wisconsin. His tenure with the zens of this great country, privileges mittee, has promised legislation on the pro­ U.S.D.A. has included service as Midwest which citizens of no other country have gram by June 1970. Regional Economist with the Surplus Mar­ to the same extent, if at all. She urged And now I would turn to my major sub­ keting Administration at Milwaukee; Chief those responsible for publicizing the a.c­ ject for tonight, for-as important as that of the Program Development Division of the tivities of our people, to stress the many may be-it is not only the welfare of the Milwaukee and Des Moines Regional Offices wonderful things that happen daily, in­ Nation on the sea with which we must con­ of the War Food Administration and Econ­ stead of the isolated, unpleasant oc­ cern ourselves today but the well being of omist with the Food Distribution Division the Nation itself. of the Agricultural Marketing Service. currences which usually make the head­ I can think of no more suitable audience In 1944-45, Mr. McCabe was Food Officer lines. to whom I could speak of unity-none in a for the United Nations Relief and Rehabili­ Her remarks deserve wide publicity, better position to take action to advance tation Administration Mission to Greece. He especially at this time when the country unity among our citizens and the overall also served as Program Liaison Officer at has recently observed the second mobili­ well being of the Nation-than that repre­ UNRRA headquarters. From 1947 to 1950 Mr. zation march by those who would govern sented here tonight. McCabe was an Agricultural Economist of the Nation by street action, instead of by And so I speak to the purpose of calling the Economic Division of the United Na­ upon you, the members of the Women's Ad­ lawful procedures, as provided by our vertising Club of Baltimore, and similar or­ tions. Constitution. I encourage all of you to Since October 1962 Mr. McCabe has been ganizations representing your profession serving as Chief of the Foreign Agricultural read these remarks. I am confident Mrs. throughout the Nation, to join together in Service's Import Staff, which is concerned Bentley ha.s expressed your views, as she initiating a program of your own designed with the control of imports of agricultural has mine, and I am sure, those of mil­ to unite us as a people. I call on you to use products. Immediately prior he was a Mar­ lions of our citizens. your expertise, you::- professional abilities, keting Specialist and Economist with the The remarks follow: your advertising "know-how" in focusing the attention of our citizens-yes, and of the Import Staff of the Livestock and Livestock REMARKS OF MRS. HELEN DELICH BENTLEY Products Division of the Foreign Agricul­ world-on what is right in this land of tural Service. Thank you. so much for the wonderful ours. honor y10u bestowed on me tonight. We have our problems, we have our fail­ Mr. McCabe is married and has two daugh­ I stand here before you in all humility and ters. He lives in Arlington, Virginia. ings, but compared to the rest of the world, it is a privilege and pleasure to address the as a Nation and as a people, we have much In the many years since Mr. McCabe joined Women's Adver,tising Club of Baltimore. This more on the credit side of the ledger than the Import Staff of the Foreign Agricultural is particularly so since I can look out and see we have debits. What I am saying is that we Service, representatives of the Wisconsin so many friends and acquaintances from my should concentrate some of our effort in Cheese industry have found his courtesy un­ days-not too long distant-when I was serv­ numerating our many blessings rather than failing, his integrity unquestionable, and ing as the Maritime Editor of the Baltimore spending all of our energies in downgrading his capability self-evident. We salute him as Sun. ourselves as Americans. an outstanding public servant and as a credit In those halcyon days, I worked with many Let's take a look at a couple of facts and to the Department of Agriculture and the of you to advance the interests of the Port of compare some of our conditions in America to career Civil Service. As a mark of our appre­ Baltimore and the State of Maryland. To­ conditions in other countries who, from ciation for his public service, the Board of gether, I feel that we were able to bring home time to time, think they have a right to point Directors of the Wisconsin Cheese Makers' to the People of Baltimore-and to our a scornful finger at America. Association has directed that this special legislators in AnnapoUs-the importance of Let's look at our educational system. The award be prepared and presented to Mr. Mc­ the Port to their daily lives. very basis of a great Nation is an educated Cabe at this convention. Inscribed in a pol­ And Baltimore is, of course, my home mind. Here, in the United States, we have ished brass outline map of the State of Wis­ and-apart from my official regulatory re­ undertaken the proposition not just to edu­ consin, mounted on polished black walnut, sponsibilities-dear and close to me. Indeed, cate a selected few but to educaite an entire is this citation: it has been home to me for more than 24 population. A few short years ago, even in "Presented to Terrence W. McCabe, Chief years. It was in the Port of Baltimore that our country, education was believed to be for Import Division, U.S.D.A.-for his many years I first gained my first glimpse of the im­ men only. Thank goodness that our educators of diligent service and constant concern for pGrtance of the sea, not only to the Oity of found out that when you educate a man you the manufacturers of domestic cheese-by Baltimore and the State of Maryland, but educate a single individual but that when the Wisconsin Cheese Makers' Association- to the Nation as a whole. you educate a woman, you educate a family. 78th Annual Convention-November 6, 1969." It is from this recognition that I developed Fifty years ago, in our educational system, Terry McCabe, on behalf of this conven­ a growing peirsonal awareness of the im­ only 10 percent of our children were gradu­ tion, and on behalf of all of us, congratula­ portance of the world's oceans to the Nation's ated from high school. Today that figure is tions! trade and to its defense capabiUty. And be­ not 10 percent. It is 75 percent and that cause I came to recognize the importance means thait our boys and our girls number of the sea and of the ships that serve us more than double the high school graduates MARITIME COMMISSION CHAIRMAN upon the trade lanes of the world, I became in France, or West Germany, or Italy, or CALLS FOR UNITY AND PRIDE IN a partisan of the American Merchant Marine. Britain. THE UNITED STATES In view of this and of my recent appoint­ We hear a lot about dropouts, and cop ment to the position within the Nixon Ad­ outs, and juvenile delinquents. Let's examine ministration of Chairman of the Federal a few American statistics. HON. EDWARD A. GARMATZ Maritime Commission, I am sure that most Fifty years ago only about four percent of of those present anticipate that I will devote our young people went to college. Today that OF MARYLAND the opportuni'ty provided me tonight to the figure is above 40 percent. Only 10 percent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES subj.ect of American shipping. of the young people of Great Britain and Thursday, November 20, 1969 I shall-but only to a limited extent-and France ever have the opportunity to step that now. across the threshold into an institution of Mr. GARMATZ. Mr. Speaker, since her In regard to the American Merchant higher learning. appointment as Chairman of the Federal Marine, we can at last say there is a pro­ A few days ago our newspapers, our tele­ Maritime Commission, Mrs. Helen Delich gram-there is a government policy-to re­ vision programs, and our radio commentators Bentley has been honored by a number verse the downward trend of recent years and informed us ever so fully about the peace to build a merchant fleet capable of meeting marchers who invaded the Capitol of our of groups in maritime circles .and in the Nation's needs on the trade lanes of the Nation. other circles. When Mrs. Bentley has had world, capable of fulfilling its responsibilities Do any of you have an idea of how many the opportunity to speak at these affairs, in time of emergency. young Americans have enlisted in a single her subject usually has been on maritime Most, if not all of you, are aware of the fact week to fight for this Nation? 35438 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 21, L969 Well, let me tell you that our Military I know there will be some who will claim tude to those men and women who created Forces report that in a single week some that to speak out in this manner is to be it and made it what it ls today. 10,000 Americans voluntarily walk into our chauvinistic. I do not see it in that fashion, And I add one othe~ thing. I owe a deep military enlis·tment centers, directed by the but rather view it solely as a matter of com­ debt to those who did so, and have a high Pentagon, and volunteer theii- services and parison. As for my reasons for speaking out sense of responsibility within me for its their lives for America. in this fashion on a subject that could be well being. It is a strange and unfortunate phenome­ said to have nothing whatever to do with As President Nixon has said, no nation non of our society that those 10,000 first­ my present position, let me say that I feel oan defeat us and none can humble us ex­ term enlistments can't get a minute on tele­ it ls a subject having to do and within the cept ourselves. For my part, I shall do all vision, not in the early news or not in the province of just being an American. within my power, both now and for the rest late news but a student carrying a sign, or And in that regard, I wm admit to being of my life, to pass on to future Americans an a protest.or wearing a beard, or an attention­ partial to my Nation. I wm admit to be­ America with a future! seeker burning a draft card is brought into lieving that to be an American ls a matter wm you join me? our living room and thrust into our con­ of the greatest good fortune, for which I am sciousness on every news program. fully thankful. It certainly seems to me that perhaps we And here, I must become more personal in VIOLENCE: THE PRICE OF EXCES­ should undertake an educational program for my remarks, perhaps to provide a better SIVE LIBERALISM America's protestors. understanding of why I feel so strongly as I The Sermon on the Mount called on us to do. It ls a simple thing, in some respects tied love our enemies. I still believe we ought to to the virtues of this Nation which are today HON. JOHN R. RARICK approach some of these students who spit being scoffed at. OF LOUISIANA on our flag and burn it, and say to them: Those who fought to gain independence IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Americans are the best fed people on earth! and maintain freedom on these shores were Americans are the best paid people on generous indeed, for they offered to those Thursday, November 20, 1969 earth! of other lands the opportunity to migrate Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I Americans are the best educated people to this land and to become a part of the in the world! Nation that they had carved out of wilder­ brought to the attention of our col­ Americans are the healthiest people on ness and prairies, that they had built and leagues the seriousness of violent crimes earth! were building as the people of America them­ occurring here in the District by "re­ In our country, deaths from dread causes selves migrated within and across the Conti­ peaters" who were bein·g encouraged by have been cut in half in the last 50 years. nent. They welcomed others to cross the the "soft on crime" attitudes of the Life expectancy has doubled in the la.st Mississippi and challenged the Continental courts. 100 years. Divide with them. They welcomed more who Today's paper carries the headline Infant mortality has been halved in the came later. No, the streets were not paved that a District of Columbia man has been last 30 years. with gold, but opportunity was here for Measles have been retired from the pages those who sought it and cared to work for It. charged with the third murder in 6 of history. I can speak for this directly and person­ months. He has not been tried on either Polio no longer plagues the mind of every ally, for at the turn of this century the man of the first two counts. In fact he was mother in the land. and woman who were to become my parents free on a $500 bond from the second America has taken millions of immigrants were emigres. They came to this country to murder charge when he committed the to its bosom in the less than 200 years we escape the "System", if you will, of the "old third murder. have been in existence as a nation. country". Rehabilitation may be a pleasing ex­ These people were poor, they were down­ I am the child of such migrants. I am the trodden, they were discriminated against and pression to our liberal society, but it is child of parents who sought a place of op­ certainly proving expensive to the in­ pr,ejudice and hunger were their lot in the portunity for themselves and for the chil­ Old World. dren to come of their union. For them, the nocent victims. Here, in the United States, we gave those United States of America was a promised Malfeasance in office may soon find people the greatest of gifts. We gave them land. For them, there was no other place on some sympathetic judges considered ac-· liberty and we gave them opportunity. the face of the world that was its equal. And cessories. Certainly civilized people are Today, as part of our great country, those they were right then, and right today in that not long going to suffer this type of people are giving everything they've got to belie!. help this country. justice. The daughter of emigrants, born, raised in Mr. Speaker, I insert the pews report I love my country and I love my flag. a small Nevada town, my naturalized par­ As a Nation, we should get off the psychi­ ents imbued within me a spirit of gratitude from the Daily News in the RECORD at atrist's couch and stop thinking of ourselves for the mere fact that I had been born an this point: as a "sick" people. American. Against the background of their DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA MAN CHARGED wrra Those of us who believe in our Nation European pa.st, they made me fully aware THIRD MURDER IN 6 MONTHS-MAN HELD should start standing up to be counted. of the wonderful future that could be mine, WITHOUT BOND IN THmD HOMICIDE We should express our pride in accom­ that had become my birthright by the mere An unemployed truck driver was ordered plishment, and that ours ls the highest fact of my birth in the land of the High Si­ held without bond yesterday after being standard of living in the world. erras. Proud of now being Americans them­ charged with homicide for the third time in We should express our thanks for the selves, they imbued me with a similar pride six months. He had been free on $500 in the very freedom as individuals that permits in having been born here. A laborer himself June slaying of a District woman. us the liberty of dissent. in the mines, my Yugoslavian father, and U.S. Magistrate Arthur L. Burnett ordered We should compare that freedom with the mother with him, saw the opportunities for Walter C. Powell, 30, of 1432 Girard-st nw, lack of freedom of others. me and urged me toward them. held for a preliminary hearings next Wednes­ We should compare the freedom to march Child of an emigrant, I still had full ad­ day. Powell now has three homicide charges and to assemble-the right to protest so vantage of the educational system that to­ pending against him, but has not been tried long as we do not invade the rights of day ls being damned. By means of scholar­ for any. others--with the lack of such rights in the ships and working to get through. I achieved Police and court records gave the following imperialistic Communist nations that call my college degree. And because no one cared account of the past six months: us "imperialists". that I was a first generation American, I On June 28, Gloria Erwin, also known as "Imperialists," indeed! ! ! succeeded in getting jobs in my chosen pro­ Gloria Valentine, 28, was shot to death by We should count the people to which we fession. three men in her apartment, 1815 18th-st nw. have voluntarily given their independence, By dint of hard work, I was able to ad­ On June 30, Powell was placed on three the nations we have assisted--such as South vance in it. years' probation in an attempted auto theft Korea--and now South Vietnam-to retain And tod1ay I stand before you, a woman, case dating from 1968. their freedom from Communist aggression, that same child of emigrant parents, and On Aug. 25, Leroy Gaskins, 76, was shot to and match that against the Estonians, Lat­ the one thought that comes to my mind ls death thru the window of his brother-ln­ vias, Polands, East Germanys, Bulgarias, this: law's house in the 3600 block of 10th Place Czechoslovakias, of those who cry against us. Where else would I have had the oppor­ NW., where he had been chased by three We should ask the m111tants who practice tunities with which this Nation h·as pro­ men trying to rob him. anarchy and advocate the destruction of this vided me? On Aug. 26, Powell was arrested and Nation point blank: If it sounds naive to the ultra-sophisti­ charged with the slaying of Miss Erwin. He Where else in the world could they advo­ cated, it bothers me not one bit to say both was ordered held on $10,000 bond. Unable to cate the overthrow of government and at­ publicly and privately, and in very simple raise that amount, he spent a week in ja.11. tempt to practice it? Could they in Moscow? words, that I love my country. I not only On Sept. 4, on a petition by his lawyer, In Warsaw? In Peking? love it, but I feel a deep and abiding gratl- Powell's ball was reduced to $5,000 with au- November 24, 1969 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 35439 thorization that he be released if he could On Nov. 15, while the arrest warrant was Bates St. NW. The other man, they said, was provide 10 per cent of it in cash. The $500 still outstanding, two men apparently at­ Powell. was posted and he was released. tempted to rob William (Spearmint) Smith, District law holds that any person par­ On Nov. 3, a grand jury indicted Powell 42, in his apartment at 1630 Corcoran St. ticipating in a felony that results in a death and two other men for the shooting of Mr. NW. Mr. Smith exchanged shots with the in­ may be charged with homicide. It ls under Gaskins. An arraignment was set, but Powell truders and one was killed. this law that police placed the most recent failed to appear. A warrant was then issued Police identified the dead man as James charge against Powell. for his arrest. Lee King, 23, and listed his address as 70

SENATE-Monday, November 24, 1969 The Senate met at 11 o'clock a.m. and tracked combat vehicles, and research, HOUSE BILL REFERRED was called to order by Hon. HAROLD E. development, test, and evaluation for the The bill