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Second World War As a Trigger for Transcultural Changes Among Sámi People in Finland
Acta Borealia A Nordic Journal of Circumpolar Societies ISSN: 0800-3831 (Print) 1503-111X (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/sabo20 Second world war as a trigger for transcultural changes among Sámi people in Finland Veli-Pekka Lehtola To cite this article: Veli-Pekka Lehtola (2015) Second world war as a trigger for transcultural changes among Sámi people in Finland, Acta Borealia, 32:2, 125-147, DOI: 10.1080/08003831.2015.1089673 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2015.1089673 Published online: 07 Oct 2015. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 22 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=sabo20 Download by: [Oulu University Library] Date: 23 November 2015, At: 04:24 ACTA BOREALIA, 2015 VOL. 32, NO. 2, 125–147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08003831.2015.1089673 Second world war as a trigger for transcultural changes among Sámi people in Finland Veli-Pekka Lehtola Giellagas Institute, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The article analyses the consequences of the Lapland War (1944– Received 28 October 2014 45) and the reconstruction period (1945–52) for the Sámi society Revised 25 February 2015 in Finnish Lapland, and provides some comparisons to the Accepted 24 July 2015 situation in Norway. Reconstructing the devastated Lapland KEYWORDS meant powerful and rapid changes that ranged from novelties Sámi history; Finnish Lapland; of material culture to increasing Finnish ideals, from a Lapland War; reconstruction transition in the way of life to an assimilation process. -
DRAINAGE BASINS of the WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA and KARA SEA Chapter 1
38 DRAINAGE BASINS OF THE WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA Chapter 1 WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA 39 41 OULANKA RIVER BASIN 42 TULOMA RIVER BASIN 44 JAKOBSELV RIVER BASIN 44 PAATSJOKI RIVER BASIN 45 LAKE INARI 47 NÄATAMÖ RIVER BASIN 47 TENO RIVER BASIN 49 YENISEY RIVER BASIN 51 OB RIVER BASIN Chapter 1 40 WHITE SEA, BARENT SEA AND KARA SEA This chapter deals with major transboundary rivers discharging into the White Sea, the Barents Sea and the Kara Sea and their major transboundary tributaries. It also includes lakes located within the basins of these seas. TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS IN THE BASINS OF THE BARENTS SEA, THE WHITE SEA AND THE KARA SEA Basin/sub-basin(s) Total area (km2) Recipient Riparian countries Lakes in the basin Oulanka …1 White Sea FI, RU … Kola Fjord > Tuloma 21,140 FI, RU … Barents Sea Jacobselv 400 Barents Sea NO, RU … Paatsjoki 18,403 Barents Sea FI, NO, RU Lake Inari Näätämö 2,962 Barents Sea FI, NO, RU … Teno 16,386 Barents Sea FI, NO … Yenisey 2,580,000 Kara Sea MN, RU … Lake Baikal > - Selenga 447,000 Angara > Yenisey > MN, RU Kara Sea Ob 2,972,493 Kara Sea CN, KZ, MN, RU - Irtysh 1,643,000 Ob CN, KZ, MN, RU - Tobol 426,000 Irtysh KZ, RU - Ishim 176,000 Irtysh KZ, RU 1 5,566 km2 to Lake Paanajärvi and 18,800 km2 to the White Sea. Chapter 1 WHITE SEA, BARENTS SEA AND KARA SEA 41 OULANKA RIVER BASIN1 Finland (upstream country) and the Russian Federation (downstream country) share the basin of the Oulanka River. -
Action Plan Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park 2019-2028
Action plan Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park 2019-2028 2019 Action plan Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park 2019-2028 Date: 31.1.2019 Authors: Kalske, T., Tervo, R., Kollstrøm, R., Polikarpova, N. and Trusova, M. Cover photo: Young generation of birders and environmentalists looking into the future (Pasvik Zapovednik, О. Кrotova) The Trilateral Advisory Board: FIN Metsähallitus, Parks & Wildlife Finland Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environments in Lapland (Lapland ELY-centre) Inari Municipality NOR Office of the Finnmark County Governor Øvre Pasvik National Park Board Sør-Varanger Municipality RUS Pasvik Zapovednik Pechenga District Municipality Nikel Local Municipality Ministry of Natural Resource and Ecology of the Murmansk region Ministry of Economic Development of the Murmansk region, Tourism division Observers: WWF Barents Office Russia, NIBIO Svanhovd Norway Contacts: FINLAND NORWAY Metsähallitus, Parks & Wildlife Finland Troms and Finnmark County Governor Ivalo Customer Service Tel. +47 789 50 300 Tel. +358 205 64 7701 [email protected] [email protected] Northern Lapland Nature Centre Siida RUSSIA Tel. +358 205 64 7740 Pasvik State Nature Reserve [email protected] (Pasvik Zapovednik) Tel./fax: +7 815 54 5 07 00 [email protected] (Nikel) [email protected] (Rajakoski) 2 Action Plan Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park 2019-2028 3 Preface In this 10-year Action Plan for the Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park, we present the background of the long-lasting nature protection and management cooperation, our mutual vision and mission, as well as the concrete development ideas of the cooperation for the next decade. The plan is considered as an advisory plan focusing on common long-term guidance and cooperation. -
Status of the River Tana Salmon Populations
STATUS OF THE RIVER TANA SALMON POPULATIONS REPORT 1-2012 OF THE WORKING GROUP ON SALMON MONITORING AND RESEARCH IN THE TANA RIVER SYSTEM Contents 1 Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 4 2 The group mandate and presentation of members ..................................................................... 10 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 11 4 The River Tana, the Tana salmon, salmon fisheries and management ........................................ 12 4.1 The Tana and its salmon ....................................................................................................... 12 4.2 Tana salmon fisheries ........................................................................................................... 17 4.3 Management of the Tana salmon fishing ............................................................................. 28 5 Local/traditional knowledge and local contact ............................................................................. 29 5.1 How the Group will approach these issues........................................................................... 29 5.2 Current locally raised issues .................................................................................................. 31 5.2.1 Predation ...................................................................................................................... -
Thinking Beyond Dead Germans by Capt Zachary Schwartz
IDEAS & ISSUES (STRATEGY & POLICY) Thinking Beyond Dead Germans Bias and our warped orientation on the Russian adversary by Capt Zachary Schwartz ecent articles in the Marine Corps Gazette have shed re- >Capt Schwartz is the Weapons Company Commander, 3/7 Mar. He is also a regu- newed light on the influence lar contributor to and co-founder of the Connecting File, an online newsletter for of German Military history, infantry company commanders. Rparticularly the German military of World War II, on the Marine Corps and the Maneuver Warfare Movement. mistakes made by the authors, omit- pragmatically propped up and pro- This influence is undeniable and has ted information that would have been moted the narrative of the nobility and been critical to the development of our embarrassing and placed the blame strength of German arms against the warfighting doctrine; however, a series for fiascos on third parties.”2 You can Communist threat.5 American military of biases are inherent in our embrace of probably go to your unit library right leaders began to accept and study the the German military experience. These now and find well-worn editions of Gen often-slanted accounts of SS and Heer biases deeply effect our understanding Heinz Guderian’s Panzer Leader, Gen officers. This uncomfortable acceptance of World War II Germany’s most hated Friedrich von Mellenthin Panzer Battles, of Nazi commanders continues to this adversary: Russia. To fully understand and the achingly titled Lost Victories day. In 2019, the Department of De- and execute maneuver warfare, we must by Field Marshal Erich Von Manstein. -
Finnish Botanists on the Kola Peninsula (Russia) up to 1918
Memoranda Soc. Soc. Fauna Fauna Flora Flora Fennica Fennica 89, 89: 2013 75–104. • Uotila 2013 75 Finnish botanists on the Kola Peninsula (Russia) up to 1918 Pertti Uotila Uotila, P., Finnish Museum of Natural History (Botany), P.O.Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: [email protected] Finnish botanists actively studied the flora of Karelia (Karelian Republic) and the Kola Peninsula (Murmansk Region) when Finland was a Grand Duchy of Russia in 1809–1918. J. Fellman’s ex- peditions in 1829 were the first notable botanical expeditions to the area. Geologically and floristi- cally the area was similar to Finland, and exploring the area was considered to be a national duty for Finnish biologists. Almost 40 Finnish scientists who travelled on the Kola Peninsula collected significant amounts of herbarium specimens from there. The specimens are mostly in H, but du- plicates were distributed widely. The collectors include M. Aschan, W. M. Axelson (Linnaniemi), V. Borg (Kivilinna), M. Brenner, V. F. Brotherus, R. Envald, J. Fellman, N. I. Fellman, C. W. Fontell, E. af Hällström, H. Hollmén, P. A. Karsten, A. Osw. Kihlman (Kairamo), F. W. Klingstedt, H. Lindberg, J. Lindén, A. J. Malmberg (Mela), J. Montell, F. Nylander, J. A. Palmén, V. Pesola, P. A. Rantaniemi, J. Sahlberg, and G. Selin. A short description is given of the biographies of the most important collectors with notes on their itineraries. Details of the collections from the Kola Peninsula are mostly taken from the vascular-plant specimens kept in the Finnish main herbaria and entered in the Floristic database Kastikka of the Finnish Museum of Natural History. -
Bq Divided Into 3 Zones: Boreal Forest, Low-Alpine and Middle- to High-Alpine
Assessment of Environmental Radioactivity in Natural Food Products from Northern Norway Nalbandyan A1, Gwynn JP1, Eikelmann IM2, Møller B2, Nilssen J2, Rudolfsen G1. Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority 1Environmental Unit, Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway 2Emergency Preparedness Unit, N-9925 Svanvik, Norway E- mail: [email protected] 1. Introduction The issue of environmental radioactivity is of special concern to the Arctic region due to numerous existing and potential sources of radioactive pollution in the immediate and adjacent areas . Sub-Arctic and Arctic food chains can be short, providing a potentially quick uptake route for radionuclides to biota and man. Thus, it is important to conduct comprehensive environmental radioactivity monitoring programmes, especially in the areas widely used by population for collection of natural food products. The goal of this research is to assess current radioactivity levels in the terrestrial environment in the Northern part of Norway, on the territory of Dividalen National Park and Pasvik National Park . The main focus was to analyse natural products such as berries, mushrooms and Vaccinium Empetrum Chamaepericlymenum Vaccinium Rubus freshwater water fish. myrtillus nigrum suecicum vitis-idaea chamaemorus 137 Fig. 1. Cs in berries from Pasvikdalen and Dividalen. 2. Background Øvre Dividalen national park covers an area of 750 km2 in the eastern part of Troms along the Swedish border . The park represents a typical northern Norwegian inland mountain landscape with steep high mountains of up to 1700 m, deep ravines, open plateaus, pine and birch forest, bogs and lakes. Pasvikdalen traganus Dividalen Lactarius rufus Lactarius Suillus Suillus variegatus Russula Russula paludosa Leccinum Leccinum scabrum Hydnum repandum Hydnum Russula Russula decolorans Cortinarius Leccinum Leccinum versipelle Lactarius torminosus Lactarius Cortinarius Cortinarius armillatus Cortinarius Cortinarius caperatus Fig. -
Business Plan.Pdf
Business plan for the Wilderness Guide Cooperative Äes Antti Emil Pöysä 2017 Business plan for the Wilderness Guide Cooperative Äes Antti Emil Pöysä A business plan submitted to the School of Tourism and Maritime Technology of Polytechnic Institute of Leiria in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Master's Degree in Sustainable Tourism Management Business plan written under the supervision of Professor Luís Lima Santos and Professor Conceição Gomes 2017 Executive summary Thesis in Finnish is opinnäytetyö, a word that can be translated as "showcasing of what has been learned". Firstly, this business plan is written to apply, as versatilely as possible, what I have learned in the University of Applied Sciences for Engineering and Economics Berlin's Bachelor in International Business program and later in the Polytechnic of Leiria's Master in Sustainable Tourism Management program. Secondly, the business plan utilises my experience and networks in organising up to three week wilderness tours, which I have done in more or less wild environments in Finland, Portugal, and Russia. The reasoning and justifications in this plan are possibly more thorough than a regular business plan would have, since this one is done partly for academic purposes. Despite the academic approach, the business plan is still a functional and flexible decision making tool. One of the goals was to write a plan that can be easily understood and followed by the internal stakeholders of the business. The business plan is for a company that offers one to two weeks guided, self–sustained wilderness tours in the Finnish Lapland, which are done by hiking, paddling, or skiing. -
Annual Report 2004
Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services Annual Report 2004 53451_enkku.PMD 1 2.6.2005, 8:11 National parks, strict nature reserves, wilderness areas, national hiking areas and state-owned public waters administered by Metsähallitus Contents Director’s Review ............................................................ 3 Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services ..................... 4 New Web Services for Outdoor Recreation in Finland ..................................... 5 The Kvarken Archipelago to Apply for World Heritage Status ............................. 8 Species Diversity Surveys Reveal Many New Species ........................................... 10 Management of Open Sunlit Habitats Prioritised ... 12 METSO – Promoting Forest Biodiversity .................... 14 Metsähallitus Customer Service Points and Visitor Centres ....................................................... 15 Kaldoaivi Paistunturi Muotkatunturi Vätsäri Käsivarsi Pöyrisjärvi Tsarmitunturi Tarvantovaara Hammastunturi Pulju Juha Paso Kemihaara Wilderness area (12) Tuntsa Dwarf Cornel (Cornus suecica) National hiking area (7) State-owned public waters Editor: Liisa Nikula Iso-Syöte Translation: Fran Weaver Kylmäluoma Hossa Layout: Marianne Katainen Cover photo: Jaakko Kullberg – A number of rare insect species were found on the island of Örö of Dragsfjärd. Oulujärvi Back cover photo: Metsähallitus 2004 – Marine biologist Minna Boström surveying habitats in the Kvarken Archipelago. Ruunaa Metsähallitus, Natural Heritage Services P.O. Box 94 (Vernissakatu 4), 01301 -
Fourth National Report
Date 24 June 2009 Executive Secretary Dr. Ahmed Djoghlaf Convention on Biological Diversity 413, Saint Jacques Street, Suite 800 Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Y 1N9 (FAX + 1 514 288 6588) Submission of Finland's fourth national report to the Convention on Biological Diversity in accordance with decision VIII/14 of the Conference of Parties (notifications 2006-083 and 2008-052). This report to the CBD by Finland indicates a relatively strong commitment of all sectors and stakeholders to the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The assessment of the status of and current trends in biodiversity in Finland reveals a mixed picture, however. The 4th national report is based on nearly 100 habitat-specific indicators that reflect not only the state of biodiversity, but also the pressures put on biodiversity and the actions taken in response to these. The overall development of the indicators and reporting of the trends have been evaluated in a similar fashion as those in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). The impacts of climate change on biodiversity are of high importance for a northern hemisphere country with subarctic fell ecosystems. Some of these impacts have been evaluated in this report, yet further attention needs to be focused on this question in the future. The global-level commitments and efforts to strengthen the implementation of the CBD have to be realized on both national and regional levels. National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans are therefore of highest importance. The National Action Plan for Biodiversity in Finland for 2006–2016 builds on our agreed actions to implement the CBD together with different stakeholders through our National Biodiversity Monitoring Group. -
Cooperation Between Finland and the Russian Federation
chapter 21 Cooperation between Finland and the Russian Federation Antti Belinskij 1 Introduction The cooperation on transboundary water issues between Finland and the Russian Federation, dating from the 1960s, can be described as one of the success stories of international water law. So far the Joint Finnish-Russian Commission on the Utilization of Frontier Waters has held over 50 annual meetings. One could say that the 1964 Frontier Watercourses Agreement1 between the countries, and especially the successful collaboration in the Commission, has been one of the models which lead to the UNECE Water Convention.2 Besides being very regular, the cooperation has also yielded concrete outcomes, such as the Discharge Rule of Lake Saimaa and the River Vuoksi enacted in 1991. The land border between Finland and the Russian Federation is about 1300 km long. In the border region there are 20 watersheds and 800 water bodies. Most of the transboundary waters flow from Finland to the Russian side, while none of the major rivers follows the Finnish-Russian borderline. The largest transboundary watercourses are those of the Vuoksi (68 500 km2) and Paatsjoki (14 500 km2) rivers.3 The cooperation between Finland and the Soviet Union was originally motivated by the need to develop hydroelectric power sources and water pro- tection. Other main topics addressed so far have concerned flood control and fisheries as well as log floating and transport. One of the most important issues in the cooperation has been the regulation of the water level of Lake Saimaa in Finland, which is connected to the Russian Lake Ladoga via the River Vuoksi. -
PDF-Version of the Report
Barents 2020 A tool for a forward-looking High North policy Oslo, September 2006 2 Mandate of the report Barents 2020 was launched by the Government in a speech made by Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Støre in Tromsø on 10 November 2005. His speech contained the following passages: But we will also need new tools, and an overarching, co-ordinated approach will be essential if Norway is to lead the way in the development of the north. The Government has therefore decided to launch a long-term, cross-sectoral initiative for research and development in the High North. We have called this initiative Barents 2020. We will use this initiative to find new Russian and Western partners for Norwegian-led development projects in the High North. The purpose of Barents 2020 will be to initiate concrete Norwegian-led cooperation projects, which may involve both Russia and Western countries. It is intended to function as a link between international centres of expertise, academic institutions and business and industry in countries that are interested in the High North. In June 2006 the Foreign Minister assigned the task of producing the present report on Barents 2020, with an emphasis on petroleum activities, to Arve Johnsen, former Chief Executive Officer of Statoil, with Sverre Jervell providing secretariat assistance. Mr Johnsen was requested to present proposals that would give the political ideas contained in Barents 2020 concrete content in terms of projects, funding, organisation and a progress plan. 3 4 Contents Mandate of the report ................................................................................................................. 3 Preface........................................................................................................................................ 6 1. From Barents Cooperation to Barents 2020..........................................................................