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Therapeutic Microbiology : Probiotics and Related Strategies / [Edited By] James Versalovic, Michael Wilson

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Therapeutic Microbiology : Probiotics and Related Strategies / [Edited By] James Versalovic, Michael Wilson Therapeutic Microbiology PROBIOTICS AND RELATED STRATEGIES This page intentionally left blank Therapeutic Microbiology PROBIOTICS AND RELATED STRATEGIES Edited by James Versalovic Department of Pathology, Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston Michael Wilson Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom Washington, DC Copyright © 2008 ASM Press American Society for Microbiology 1752 N Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20036-2904 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Therapeutic microbiology : probiotics and related strategies / [edited by] James Versalovic, Michael Wilson. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-55581-403-8 1. Probiotics. 2. Microorganisms—Therapeutic use. I. Versalovic, James. II. Wilson, Michael, 1947 Apr. 12– [DNLM: 1. Probiotics—therapeutic use. 2. Gastrointestinal Diseases—prevention & control. 3. Gastrointestinal Diseases—therapy. 4. Intestines—immunology. 5. Intestines—microbiology. QU 145.5 T398 2008] RM666.P835T54 2008 615Ј.329––dc22 2008016646 All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Address editorial correspondence to: ASM Press, 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036-2904, U.S.A. Send orders to: ASM Press, P.O. Box 605, Herndon, VA 20172, U.S.A. Phone: 800-546-2416; 703-661-1593 Fax: 703-661-1501 Email: [email protected] Online: estore.asm.org Contents Contributors ix Preface xv 1. Introduction 1 1 Introduction 3 Mary Ellen Sanders 2. Basic Biology 7 2.1. The Indigenous Microbiota 9 2 Role of the Indigenous Microbiota in Health and Disease 9 Gerald W. Tannock 2.2. Biology of Effector Organisms for Probiotic and Replacement Therapy 19 3 Lactobacilli 19 Covadonga Barbés 4 Bifi dobacteria: the Model Human Gut Commensal 35 Marco Ventura, Francesca Turroni, Angela Ribbera, Elena Foroni, and Douwe van Sinderen 5 Saccharomyces spp. 51 Xinhua Chen and Ciarán P. Kelly v vi Contents 6 Streptococci as Effector Organisms for Probiotic and Replacement Therapy 61 John R. Tagg, Jeremy P. Burton, Philip A. Wescombe, and Chris N. Chilcott 7 Escherichia coli 83 Michael Schultz 8 Formulation, Administration, and Delivery of Probiotics 97 Kasipathy Kailasapathy 2.3. Prebiotics and Functional Carbohydrates 119 9 Introduction to Prebiotics 119 Helena M. R. T. Parracho, Delphine M. Saulnier, Anne L. McCartney, and Glenn R. Gibson 10 Human Milk Oligosaccharides as Prebiotics 131 Giovanni V. Coppa and Orazio Gabrielli 11 Inulin-Type Fructans 147 Jan Van Loo and Douwina Bosscher 12 Resistant Starch as a Prebiotic 159 Anthony R. Bird and David L. Topping 13 Effects of Prebiotic Supplementation on Bone Mineral Metabolism and Weight in Humans 175 Steven A. Abrams 14 Prebiotics and Lipid Metabolism 183 Nathalie M. Delzenne, Patrice D. Cani, and Audrey M. Neyrinck 2.4. Genomics of Lactic Acid Bacteria 193 15 Functional Genomics of Lactic Acid Bacteria 193 Tri Duong and Todd R. Klaenhammer 2.5. Proteomics of Lactic Acid Bacteria 205 16 Proteomic Approaches To Study Lactic Acid Bacteria 205 David P. A. Cohen, Elaine E. Vaughan, Willem M. de Vos, and Erwin G. Zoetendal 3. Therapeutic Microbiology in Human Medicine 223 3.1. Probiotics 225 17 Probiotics in Human Medicine: Overview 225 Jennifer K. Spinler and James Versalovic Contents vii 18 Probiotics and Other Organisms in Allergy and Autoimmune Diseases 231 G. A. W. Rook and N. Witt 19 Probiotics in Oral Biology and Dentistry 249 J. H. Meurman 20 Probiotics in Gastrointestinal Diseases 255 Francisco Guarner 21 Probiotics and Diseases of the Genitourinary Tract 271 Gregor Reid 22 Probiotics in Neurology and Psychiatry 285 Paul Forsythe and John Bienenstock 3.2. Prebiotics 299 23 Prebiotics in Human Medicine 299 Ian Rowland 3.3. Synbiotics 307 24 Synbiotics in Human Medicine 307 Stig Bengmark 4. Therapeutic Microbiology in Veterinary Medicine 323 25 Strategies for Altering the Intestinal Microbiota of Animals 325 Sergey R. Konstantinov and Jerry Wells 26 Probiotics in Veterinary Medicine 341 J. Scott Weese, Shayan Sharif, and Alex Rodriguez-Palacios 27 Prebiotics and Synbiotics in Companion Animal Science 357 David Hernot, Eva Ogué, George Fahey, and Robert A. Rastall 5. Viral Strategies 371 28 Phage Therapy 373 Mikael Skurnik, Saija Kiljunen, and Maria Pajunen 6. Future Prospects 391 29 The Road Ahead: a Look at the Future 393 James Versalovic and Michael Wilson Index 397 This page intentionally left blank Contributors Steven A. Abrams USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, and Dept. of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030 Covadonga Barbés Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Funcional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain Stig Bengmark Institute of Hepatology, University College London Medical School, 69-75 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom John Bienenstock The Brain-Body Institute and Dept. of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Anthony R. Bird Commonwealth Scientifi c and Industrial Research Organization, Food Futures National Research Flagship, and CSIRO Human Nutrition, Adelaide, South Australia Douwina Bosscher BENEO-Orafti, Aandorenstraat 1, B3300 Tienen, Belgium Jeremy P. Burton BLIS Technologies Ltd., Centre for Innovation, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand ix x Contributors Patrice D. Cani Université Catholique de Louvain, School of Pharmacy, MD/FARM/PMNT 7369 UCL, 73 Avenue Mounier, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium Xinhua Chen Division of Gastroenterology, Dana 601A, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215 Chris N. Chilcott BLIS Technologies Ltd., Centre for Innovation, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand David P. A. Cohen Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands Giovanni V. Coppa Institute of Maternal-Infantile Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60123 Ancona, Italy Willem M. de Vos Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands Nathalie M. Delzenne Université Catholique de Louvain, School of Pharmacy, MD/FARM/PMNT 7369 UCL, 73 Avenue Mounier, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium Tri Duong Genomic Sciences Graduate Program, Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 George Fahey Dept. of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801 Elena Foroni Dept. of Genetics, Biology of Microorganisms, Anthropology and Evolution, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Paul Forsythe The Brain-Body Institute and Dept. of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Orazio Gabrielli Institute of Maternal-Infantile Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60123 Ancona, Italy Glenn R. Gibson Dept. of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom Francisco Guarner Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, CIBEREHD, Passeig Vall d’Hebron, 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain Contributors xi David Hernot Dept. of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, 1207 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL 61801 Kasipathy Kailasapathy Probiotics and Encapsulated Functional Foods Research Unit, School of Natural Sciences, Centre for Plant and Food Science, University of Western Sydney, South Penrith DC, Locked Bag 1797, NSW 1797, Australia Ciarán P. Kelly Division of Gastroenterology, Dana 601A, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215 Saija Kiljunen Dept. of Virology, University of Turku, 00014 Turku, Finland Todd R. Klaenhammer Dept. of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences and Southeast Dairy Foods Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 Sergey R. Konstantinov Duke University Medical Center, 272 Jones Bldg., Durham, NC 27710 Anne L. McCartney Dept. of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom J. H. Meurman Institute of Dentistry and Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, PB 41, University of Helsinki, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland Audrey M. Neyrinck Université Catholique de Louvain, School of Pharmacy, MD/FARM/PMNT 7369 UCL, 73 Avenue Mounier, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium Eva Ogué Dept. of Food Biosciences, P.O. Box 226, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom Maria Pajunen Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland Helena M. R. T. Parracho Dept. of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom Robert A. Rastall Dept. of Food Biosciences, P.O. Box 226, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom Gregor Reid Canadian R&D Centre for Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, F2-116, 268 Grosvenor St., London, Ontario, N6A 4V2, Canada xii Contributors Angela Ribbera Dept. of Genetics, Biology of Microorganisms, Anthropology and Evolution, University of Parma, Parma, Italy Alex Rodriguez-Palacios Dept. of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691 G. A. W. Rook Centre for Infectious Diseases and International Health, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences,
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