DOCSLIB.ORG

A Model of the Upper Jurassic Reefs of the Chay Peninsula (Western France)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Model of the Upper Jurassic Reefs of the Chay Peninsula (Western France) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193 (2003) 383^404 www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo Microbialite morphology, structure and growth: a model of the Upper Jurassic reefs of the Chay Peninsula (Western France) Nicolas Olivier a;Ã, Pierre Hantzpergue a, Christian Gaillard a, Bernard Pittet a, Reinhold R. Leinfelder b, Dieter U. Schmid b, Winfried Werner c a Universite¤ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UFR des Sciences de la Terre UMR Pale¤oenvironnements et Pale¤obiosphe're, Ge¤ode, 2 rue Raphae«l Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France b Department fu«r Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Sektion Pala«ontologie, und GeoBio-CenterLMU , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita«t, Richard-Wagner-StraMe 10, D-80333 Mu«nchen, Germany c Bayerische Staatssammlung fu«r Pala«ontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-StraMe 10, D-80333 Mu«nchen, Germany Received 17 May 2002; accepted 31 December 2002 Abstract During the Early Kimmeridgian, the northern margin of the Aquitaine Basin (Western France) is characterised by a significant development of coral reefs. The reef formation of the Chay Peninsula comprises two main reefal units, in which the microbial structures can contribute up to 70% of framework. The microbial crusts, which played an important role in the stabilisation and growth of the reef body, show the characteristic clotted aspect of thrombolitic microbialites. Corals are the main skeletal components of the build-ups. The bioconstructions of the Chay area are thus classified as coral-thrombolite reefs. Four main morpho-structural types of microbial crusts are distinguished: (1) pseudostalactitic microbialites on the roof of intra-reef palaeocaves; (2) mamillated microbialites, found either on the undersides or on the flanks of the bioherms; (3) reticular microbialites in marginal parts of the reefs and between adjacent bioconstructed units; and (4) interstitial microbialites in voids of bioclastic deposits. Thrombolitic crusts developed on various substrates such as corals, bivalves, or bioclasts. The thrombolites formed a dense, clotted and/or micropeloidal microbial framework, in which macro- and micro-encrusters also occur. Variations in accumulation rate strongly influenced the reef morphology, in particular its relief above the sediment surface. The coalescence of the coral-microbialite patches created numerous intra-reef cavities of metre-scale dimensions. The direction of microbial growth, which defined the macroscopic microbialite forms, strongly depended on the position within the reef framework but was also controlled by water energy, accumulation rate and light availability. ß 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: corals; microbialites; reef; morphology; Kimmeridgian 1. Introduction * Corresponding author. Carbonate microbial crusts are important con- E-mail address: [email protected] (N. Olivier). stituents of Upper Jurassic reefs and are known 0031-0182 / 03 / $ ^ see front matter ß 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00236-0 PALAEO 3042 2-4-03 384 N. Olivier et al. / Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193 (2003) 383^404 from various sites (e.g. Spain, Portugal, France, Thus, the Chay Peninsula is an ideal site for the Morocco; cf. Leinfelder et al., 2002). Upper Ju- study of the morphology and structure of micro- rassic reef types comprise coral, sponge and mi- bialites and coral reefs, but the reefs with their crobial reefs (Gaillard, 1983; Leinfelder et al., microbial crusts and faunal content have hitherto 1993, 1994, 1996; Werner et al., 1994; Schmid, been mentioned only brie£y (Taylor and Palmer, 1996; Insalaco et al., 1997; Helm and Schu«lke, 1994; Schmid, 1996; Leinfelder et al., 1996; Lein- 1998; Bertling and Insalaco, 1998; Dupraz, felder, 2001). 1999; Dupraz and Strasser, 1999, 2002). Micro- This study aims to: (1) describe the microbial bialites can constitute the major part of the morpho-structures of the Chay reefs in detail; framework of such reefs, or form purely microbial (2) propose an extended version of the microbia- bioconstructions attributed to the ‘microbial reef lite nomenclature based on macroscopic features; type’ of Leinfelder (1993). Microbialites are inter- (3) point out the in£uence of the sedimentary con- preted as resulting from microbial activity, mainly text on reef morphology and microbial morpho- of cyanobacteria and other bacteria, but micro- structures; and (4) estimate the in£uence of pa- encrusters such as foraminifera and small metazo- laeoenvironmental parameters on microbial and ans also contribute to the encrustations (Chafetz, reefal growth. 1986; Riding, 1991, 2000). Microbialites show a strong variability in macro- and mesoscopic mor- phologies according to sedimentation rate and 2. Geological framework water energy (Leinfelder et al., 1993; Dromart et al., 1994). While some microbialite morpholo- The study area is situated in Western France gies have been previously described in reef envi- (Charente-Maritime), about 10 km south of La ronments (Leinfelder et al., 1993; Dromart et al., Rochelle, at the western head of the Chay Penin- 1994; Taylor and Palmer, 1994; Schmid, 1996; sula (Fig. 1A). Marine erosion causes a continu- Bertling and Insalaco, 1998; Insalaco, 1998), their ous retreat of a 1200-m-long and 3^9-m-high cli¡ nomenclature, internal structure, and the palaeo- (several tens of metres since the beginning of the environmental conditions responsible for their de- last century; Corlieux, 1970), thus providing a velopment are still under debate. fresh and approachable outcrop, suitable for a During the Early Kimmeridgian, reefal sedi- detailed study. mentation occurred along the northern margin During the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian, two of the Aquitaine Basin (Western France) (Fig. carbonate platforms developed in the La Rochelle 1A). The reefal formation of the Chay Peninsula and Angoule“me regions (Fig. 1B), thus favouring (Charente-Maritime) represents the main reefal the installation of coral reefs in La Rochelle and development occurring in the Upper Jurassic of of rudist reefs in Angoule“me (Hantzpergue and the Aquitaine Basin (Fig. 1B; Hantzpergue and Maire, 1981). The development of the La Ro- Maire, 1981; Hantzpergue, 1985a). A real ‘art chelle platform to the southeast is characterised gallery of palaeontology’, the Chay outcrop, was by the expansion of reef facies in the direction ¢rst illustrated by d’Orbigny (1852). He used the of the Angoule“me platform (Fig. 1B). The distri- Chay section as log reference for his fourteenth bution of these reefs was limited to the south by geological stage, the ‘Corallian’. Lafuste (1953) Armorican faults, probably inherited from Hercy- and Hantzpergue (1988, 1991) give more recent nian structures (Hantzpergue, 1985b). stratigraphical and sedimentological descriptions. The reefal formation of the Chay was deposited The Chay section displays marl-limestone alter- during an important sea-level lowstand of the nations in which two major reefal units are in- western European basins (Jacquin et al., 1998). tercalated (Fig. 2). These well-exposed biocon- It is divided into two main reefal intervals (La- structions are characterised by the exceptional fuste, 1953), which are separated by a hardground diversity and preservation of calcareous microbial surface of regional extent (major discontinuity D4 crusts and of numerous encrusting organisms. of Hantzpergue, 1985a; or D24 of Gabilly et al., PALAEO 3042 2-4-03 N. Olivier et al. / Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 193 (2003) 383^404 385 A 50° N C Armorican Paris Basin France La Rochelle Massif La Rochelle Berry platform N.137 Niort 0° La Rochelle BARBETTE POINT Platform of La Rochelle CHAY POINT CHAY PENINSULA Chay’s swamp Angoulins Central BELETTE POINT Angoulême Platform Massif Angoum CHIRATS POINT Aquitaine Atlantic Ocean 300m Basin B 20 km ois of High energy Coral formations platform Low energy Land platform Basins Main faults Fig. 1. (A,B) Location of the Chay Peninsula near La Rochelle, Western France. The study area is situated at the western ex- tremity of the peninsula, between the Barbette and Belette Points. (C) Palaeogeographic setting and distribution of coral forma- tions during the Early Kimmeridgian, modi¢ed from Enay and Mangold (1980), Hantzpergue and Maire (1981) and Hantzpergue (1985b). 1985). An additional small reef horizon occurs constituents (Gaillard, 1983). Details of the corals just above this discontinuity (Fig. 2). These reefs and microbial fabrics were studied using more are intercalated in a dominantly calcareous suc- than ¢fty large, orientated, polished-glazed slabs cession and are dated to the Lower Kimmeridgian completed by 167 thin sections. Semi-quantitative (Cymodoce Zone, Achilles Subzone; Hantz- data were acquired to establish patterns of micro- pergue, 1988, 1991). bial growth, and to identify the micro-encrusting organisms. 3. Methods 4. Morphology and composition of reef framework Thirty-four reefal units were studied along the Chay cli¡. Mapping of bioconstructions was car- The ¢rst reefal unit (Fig. 3A) is exposed over a ried out to determine their general morphology, length of about 50 m, is 5^6 m thick, and has a and the importance and distribution of microbial massive aspect. It appears as a complex biocon- crusts within the reefs. In order to determine the struction made up of several, more or less coales- relative abundance of microbialites, reef organ- cent bioherms. Intra-reef palaeocaves up to 2^3 m isms, and allochthonous
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Emplacement of the Jurassic Mirdita Ophiolites (Southern Albania): Evidence from Associated Clastic and Carbonate Sediments
    Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) (2012) 101:1535–1558 DOI 10.1007/s00531-010-0603-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Emplacement of the Jurassic Mirdita ophiolites (southern Albania): evidence from associated clastic and carbonate sediments Alastair H. F. Robertson • Corina Ionescu • Volker Hoeck • Friedrich Koller • Kujtim Onuzi • Ioan I. Bucur • Dashamir Ghega Received: 9 March 2010 / Accepted: 15 September 2010 / Published online: 11 November 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract Sedimentology can shed light on the emplace- bearing pelagic carbonates of latest (?) Jurassic-Berrasian ment of oceanic lithosphere (i.e. ophiolites) onto continental age. Similar calpionellid limestones elsewhere (N Albania; crust and post-emplacement settings. An example chosen N Greece) post-date the regional ophiolite emplacement. At here is the well-exposed Jurassic Mirdita ophiolite in one locality in S Albania (Voskopoja), calpionellid lime- southern Albania. Successions studied in five different stones are gradationally underlain by thick ophiolite-derived ophiolitic massifs (Voskopoja, Luniku, Shpati, Rehove and breccias (containing both ultramafic and mafic clasts) that Morava) document variable depositional processes and were derived by mass wasting of subaqueous fault scarps palaeoenvironments in the light of evidence from compara- during or soon after the latest stages of ophiolite emplace- ble settings elsewhere (e.g. N Albania; N Greece). Ophiolitic ment. An intercalation of serpentinite-rich debris flows at extrusive rocks (pillow basalts and lava breccias) locally this locality is indicative of mobilisation of hydrated oceanic retain an intact cover of oceanic radiolarian chert (in the ultramafic rocks. Some of the ophiolite-derived conglom- Shpati massif). Elsewhere, ophiolite-derived clastics typi- erates (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Jahrbuch Der Geologischen Bundesanstalt
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 2017 Band/Volume: 157 Autor(en)/Author(s): Baron-Szabo Rosemarie C. Artikel/Article: Scleractinian corals from the upper Aptian–Albian of the Garschella Formation of central Europe (western Austria; eastern Switzerland): The Albian 241- 260 JAHRBUCH DER GEOLOGISCHEN BUNDESANSTALT Jb. Geol. B.-A. ISSN 0016–7800 Band 157 Heft 1–4 S. 241–260 Wien, Dezember 2017 Scleractinian corals from the upper Aptian–Albian of the Garschella Formation of central Europe (western Austria; eastern Switzerland): The Albian ROSEMARIE CHRistiNE BARON-SZABO* 2 Text-Figures, 2 Tables, 2 Plates Österreichische Karte 1:50.000 Albian BMN / UTM western Austria 111 Dornbirn / NL 32-02-23 Feldkirch eastern Switzerland 112 Bezau / NL 32-02-24 Hohenems Garschella Formation 141 Feldkirch Taxonomy Scleractinia Contents Abstract ............................................................................................... 242 Zusammenfassung ....................................................................................... 242 Introduction............................................................................................. 242 Material................................................................................................ 243 Lithology and occurrence of the Garschella Formation ............................................................ 244 Albian scleractinian
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Paleontology.……………………………………………………18
    A NOVEL ASSEMBLAGE OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEA, FROM A TITHONIAN CORAL REEF OLISTOLITH, PURCĂRENI, ROMANIA: SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT AND BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science by Aubrey M. Shirk December, 2006 Thesis written by Aubrey M. Shirk B.S., South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 2003 M.S., Kent State University, 2006 Approved by _________________________________________, Advisor Dr. Rodney Feldmann _________________________________________, Chair, Department of Geology Dr. Donald Palmer _________________________________________, Associate Dean, College of Arts and Dr. John R. Stalvey Sciences ii DEPARMENT OF GEOLOGY THESIS APPROVAL FORM This thesis entitled A NOVEL ASSEMBLAGE OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEA, FROM A TITHONIAN CORAL REEF OLISTOLITH, PURCĂRENI, ROMANIA: SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT AND BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE has been submitted by Aubrey Mae Shirk in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science in Geology. The undersigned members of the student’s thesis committee have read this thesis and indicate their approval or disapproval of same. Approval Date Disapproval Date __________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Rodney Feldmann 11/16/2006 ___________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Carrie Schweitzer 11/16/2006 ___________________________________ ______________________________ Dr. Neil Wells 11/16/2006 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS…..………………………………………………….………...xi
    [Show full text]
  • Albian Corals from the Subpelagonian Zone of Central Greece (Agrostylia, Parnassos Region)
    Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae (2002), vol. 72: 1-65. ALBIAN CORALS FROM THE SUBPELAGONIAN ZONE OF CENTRAL GREECE (AGROSTYLIA, PARNASSOS REGION) Elżbieta MORYCOWA1 & Anastasia MARCOPOULOU-DIACANTONI2 1 Institute o f Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063 Kraków, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department o f Historical Geology and Paleontology, University o f Athens, Panepistimioupoli, 15784 Athens, Greece, e-mail: [email protected] Morycowa, E. & Marcopoulou-Diacantoni, A., 2002. Albian corals from the Subpelagonian Zone of Central Greece (Agrostylia, Pamassos region). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 72: 1-65. Abstract: Shallow-water scleractinian corals from Cretaceous allochthonous sediments of the Subpelagonian Zone in Agrostylia (Pamassos region, Central Greece) represent 47 taxa belonging to 35 genera, 15 families and 8 suborders; of these 3 new genera and 9 new species are described. Among these taxa, 5 were identified only at the generic level. One octocorallian species has also been identified. This coral assemblage is representative for late Early Cretaceous Tethyan realm but also shows some endemism. A characteristic feature of this scleractinian coral assemblage is the abundance of specimens from the suborder Rhipidogyrina. The Albian age of the corals discussed is indicated by the whole studied coral fauna, associated foraminifers, calpionellids and calcareous dinoflagellates. Key words: Scleractinia, Octocorallia, Pamassos, Greece, Albian, taxonomy, palaeogeography. Manuscript received 3 December 2001, accepted 8 April 2002 INTRODUCTION Several occurrences of Cretaceous scleractinian corals and Morycowa & Kołodziej (2001) on corals from the from Greece have been mentioned in the literature (see e.g., Agrostylia valley in Pamassos (Albian, corrected from Al­ Celet, 1962), but not many taxonomic studies have been bian- ?Cenomanian).
    [Show full text]
  • Paleoecology ...Of ... Reefs from the Late Jurassic
    Project: Le “Vergleichende Palokologie und Faziesentwicklung oberjurassischer Riffstrukturen des westlichen Tethys-Nordrandes * und des Lusitanischen Beckens (Zentraiportugal)/E, Project Leader: R. Leinfelder (Stuttgart) . Paleoecology, Growth Parameters and Dynamics of Coral, Sponge and Microbolite Reefs from the Late Jurassic Reinhold R. Werner, Martin Nose, Dieter U. Schmid, Laternser, Martin Takacs & Dorothea Area of Study: Portugal, Spain, Southern Germany, France, Poland Environment: Shallow to deep carbonate platforms Stratigraphy: Late Jurassic Organisms: Corals, siliceous sponges, microbes, microen- crusters Depositional Setting: Brackish-lagoonal to deep ramp set- tings Constructive Processes: Frame-building, baffling and binding (depending on reef type and type of reef- building organisms) Destructive Processes: Borings by bivalves and sponges; wave action Preservation: Mostly well preserved Research Topic: Comparative facies analysis and paleo- ecology of Upper Jurassic reefs, reef organisms and communities Spongiolitic facies Fig. I: Distribution of Upper Jurassic reefs studied in detail. Abstract framework and pronounced relief whenever microbolite crusts provided stabilization. Reefs in steepened slope set- Reefs from the Late Jurassic comprise various types of tings are generally rich in microbolites because of bypass coral reefs, siliceous sponge reefs and microbolite reefs. possibilities for allochthonous sediment. Reef rimmed shal- Upper Jurassic corals had a higher ratio of heterotrophic low-water platforms did occur but only developed on pre- versus autotrophic energy uptake than modern ones, which existing uplifts. Upper Jurassic sponge-microbolite mud explains their frequent occurrence in terrigenous settings. mounds grew in subhorizontal mid to outer ramp settings Coral communities changed along a bathymetric gradient and reflect a delicate equilibrium of massive and peloidal but sedimentation exerted a stronger control on diversities microbolite precipitation and accumulation of allochthonous than bathymetry.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Mortem and Symbiotic Sabellid and Serpulid-Coral Associations from the Lower Cretaceous of Argentina
    Rev. bras. paleontol. 14(3):215-228, Setembro/Dezembro 2011 © 2011 by the Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia doi:10.4072/rbp.2011.3.02 POST-MORTEM AND SYMBIOTIC SABELLID AND SERPULID-CORAL ASSOCIATIONS FROM THE LOWER CRETACEOUS OF ARGENTINA RICARDO M. GARBEROGLIO & DARÍO G. LAZO Instituto de Estudios Andinos “Don Pablo Groeber”, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected] ABSTRACT – One morphotype of sabellids (Sabellida, Sabellidae) and two of serpulids (Sabellida, Serpulidae), found as encrusters on scleractinian ramose corals of the species Stereocaenia triboleti (Koby) and Columastrea antiqua Gerth, from the Agrio Formation (early Hauterivian) from Neuquén Basin, Argentina, are described. The identified morphotypes, Glomerula lombricus (Defrance), Mucroserpula mucroserpula Regenhardt and Propomatoceros sulcicarinatus Ware, have been previously recorded from the Early Cretaceous of the northern Tethys. Two different type of sabellid and serpulid- coral associations have been recognized. The first and more abundant association corresponds to post-mortem encrustation on corals branches. The second one corresponds to a symbiotic association between the serpulid P. sulcicarinatus and both species of corals. The serpulid tubes are recorded parallel to the coral branches reaching the upper tip of them and they were bioimmured within the coral as they grew upwards. The studied symbiotic relationship between serpulids and corals may be regarded as a mutualism as both members probably benefited each other. This type of association has similarities with recent cases of symbiosis between serpulids and corals, but had no fossil record until now. Key words: Serpulidae, Sabellidae, Scleractinia, symbiosis, Hauterivian, Argentina.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mesozoic Corals. Bibliography 1758-1993
    June, 1, 2020 The Mesozoic Corals. Bibliography 1758-1993. Supplement 24 ( -2019) Compiled by Hannes Löser1 Summary This supplement to the bibliography (published in the Coral Research Bulletin 1, 1994) contains 14 additional references to literary material on the taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeogeography of Mesozoic corals (Triassic - Cretaceous; Scleractinia, Octocorallia). The bibliography is available in the form of a data bank with a menu-driven search program for Windows-compatible computers. Updates are available through the Internet (www.cp-v.de). Key words: Scleractinia, Octocorallia, corals, bibliography, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, data bank Résumé Le supplément à la bibliographie (publiée dans Coral Research Bulletin 1, 1994) contient 14 autres références au sujet de la taxinomie, paléoécologie et paléogéographie des coraux mesozoïques (Trias - Crétacé; Scleractinia, Octocorallia). Par le service de mise à jour (www.cp-v.de), la bibliographie peut être livrée sur la base des données avec un programme de recherche contrôlée par menu avec un ordinateur Windows-compatible. Mots-clés: Scleractinia, Octocorallia, coraux, bibliographie, Trias, Jurassique, Crétacé, base des données Zusammenfassung Die Ergänzung zur Bibliographie (erschienen im Coral Research Bulletin 1, 1994) enthält 14 weitere Literaturzitate zur Taxonomie und Systematik, Paläoökologie und Paläogeographie der mesozoischen Korallen (Trias-Kreide; Scleractinia, Octocorallia). Die Daten sind als Datenbank zusammen mit einem menügeführten Rechercheprogramm für Windows-kompatible Computer im Rahmen eines Ände- rungsdienstes im Internet (www.cp-v.de) verfügbar. Schlüsselworte: Scleractinia, Octocorallia, Korallen, Bibliographie, Trias, Jura, Kreide, Datenbank 1 Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, México; [email protected] © CPESS VERLAG 2020 • http://www.cp-v.de/crb • [email protected] 3 stone, which is diagenetically little altered.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Trends in the Epithecate Scleractinian Corals
    Evolutionary trends in the epithecate scleractinian corals EWA RONIEWICZ and JAROSEAW STOLARSKI Roniewicz, E. & Stolarski, J. 1999. Evolutionary trends in the epithecate scleractinian corals. -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 44,2, 131-166. Adult stages of wall ontogeny of fossil and Recent scleractinians show that epitheca was the prevailing type of wall in Triassic and Jurassic corals. Since the Late Cretaceous the fre- quency of epithecal walls during adult stages has decreased. In the ontogeny of Recent epithecate corals, epitheca either persists from the protocorallite to the adult stage, or is re- placed in post-initial stages by trabecular walls that are often accompanied by extra- -calicular skeletal elements. The former condition means that the polyp initially lacks the edge zone, the latter condition means that the edge zone develops later in coral ontogeny. Five principal patterns in wall ontogeny of fossil and Recent Scleractinia are distinguished and provide the framework for discrimination of the four main stages (grades) of evolu- tionary development of the edge-zone. The trend of increasing the edge-zone and reduction of the epitheca is particularly well represented in the history of caryophylliine corals. We suggest that development of the edge-zone is an evolutionary response to changing envi- ronment, mainly to increasing bioerosion in the Mesozoic shallow-water environments. A glossary is given of microstructural and skeletal terms used in this paper. Key words : Scleractinia, microstructure, thecal structures, epitheca, phylogeny. Ewa Roniewicz [[email protected]]and Jarostaw Stolarski [[email protected]], Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, ul. Twarda 51/55, PL-00-818 Warszawa, Poland. In Memory of Gabriel A.
    [Show full text]
  • UPPER KIMMERIDGIAN SCLERACTINIA of POMERANIA (POLAND) (1 Fig.)
    ROCZNIK POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA GEOLOGICZNEGO ANNALES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ GÉOLOGIQUE DE POLOGNE Tom (Volume) XLVII — 4: 613—622 Kraków 1977 Ewa Roniewicz 1 UPPER KIMMERIDGIAN SCLERACTINIA OF POMERANIA (POLAND) (1 Fig.) Scleractinïa z górnego kimerydu Pomorza (Polska) (1 fig-) Abstract. Scleractinïa assemblage from marly and sandy limestones of the lowermost Upper Kimmeridgian of C z a r n o głowy (western Pomerania, Poland) is discussed. It appears very close to those known from Upper Oxfordian and Lower Kimmeridgian limestone facies of other parts of Europe. INTRODUCTION The coral site at Czarnogłowy yielded rare, most northerly located Late Kimmeridgian herma typie corals in Europe (compare text-fig. 1) showing at the same time a fairly diversified assemblage of coral species (Table 1) living in rather unfavourable conditions, that is in sedimentary environment of marls and sandy limestones. This locality was known to geologists for a long time (see, e.g., Schmidt, 1905; Dohm, 1925; Rich­ ter, 1931a).- Corals occurring here were not, however, described but only listed along with other fossils (Table 1). At Czarnogłowy there are cropping out deposits of the Upper Oxford­ ian, Kimmeridgian and Volgian. These are marly, limestone and partly oolitic deposits with admixtures of quartz sand and glauconite as well as sandstones (Wilczyński, 1962). Faunal assemblage reported from these deposits is very rich and it comprises: ammonites (Dohm, 1925; Wilczyń­ ski, op. cit.), echinoids (Kongiel, 1962), pelecypods and gastropods (Dmoch, 1970) and brachiopods (Richter, 1934). Corals are confined to a part of the profile corresponding to the Aulacostephanus pseudomuta- bilis Zone of the lower Upper Kimmeridgian (Wilczyński, 1962; — Middle Kimmeridgian of the above mentioned German authors).
    [Show full text]
  • The Coral Reef of the Yonne Valley
    The coral reef of the Yonne valley When rocks tell us about Earth’s History 5 Table of contents The higher reef complex of Bourgogne 3 A different world Welcome to the Yonne valley 4 Corals The landscapes, the rocks, the fossils... are witnesses of planet Earth’s history. In the valley, the river erosion and various phenomena revealed several outcrops that are real geological time machines. Fossilized remains of a coral 6 Coral reefs reef that existed 4 to 5 million years ago can still be seen today. 8 Spatial organization This guide will help you learn about the reef through its story, its wildlife, how it grew and lived. It will also introduce you to the geology of various sites of 10 The sites the Yonne valley. 11 The site of Châtel-Censoir Each site recounts a specific time period through several layered “slices of life“. 12 The “Quatre Pieux” quarry The oldest evidence comes from the deepest horizons. 13 The “Bois du Parc“ quarry 14 The “Rochers du Saussois“ 16 The “Roche aux Poulets“ 18 “La Rippe“ 19 Lexicon 2 Coral formations can Today A different world still be seen in today’s + 2000 years landscape, on the reserve cliffs. 160 million years ago, the placement of the continents and sea levels were very different than they are today. Bourgogne was then located in the intertropical zone CENOZOIC : The climate alternates ERA QUATERNARY of the globe, its climate hot and humid. between very cold and temperate episodes. - 1,8 Ma During the Jurassic age, the current Since then, the plate tectonics have moved During the temperate Yonne county was beneath a warm and Europe towards more temperate latitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results Volume
    Boillot, G., Winterer, E. L., et al., 1988 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Vol. 103 7. JURASSIC CORAL GENERA FROM ODP SITE 639, ATLANTIC OCEAN, WEST OF SPAIN1 Gabriel A. Gill, CNRS (UA 12), Institut de Paleontologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France and Jean-Paul Loreau,2 Laboratoire de Geologie, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France ABSTRACT Twenty-three Jurassic corals from ODP Hole 639D are illustrated, described, and tentatively assigned to genera, from which a Late Jurassic age (Tithonian?) is suggested. Facies and sediment analyses indicate a soft-substrate habitat and that the bulk of the micrite seems to have been calcite originally. The corals, mostly colonial, are rather diversified, with a strong representation of stylinid and pennular forms. A single pennular colony from Hole 639C is also discussed. The enumerated taxa are Pseudocoenia sp., Stylosmilia cf. pumila, Stylosmilia sp., Enallhelia sp., cf. Dimorphastraea sp., Latomeandridae, Fungiastraea sp., Trocharea sp., Microsolenidae, cf. Dermosmilia sp., Calamophylliopsis(p.) sp., cf. Thecosmilia sp., Lochmaeosmilia sp., and Intersmilia sp. INTRODUCTION Stylosmilia), and the remaining six are other types (Thecosmi• lia, Lochmaeosmilia, cf. Dermosmilia sp., Pseudocoenia, cf. At Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 639, six holes were Calamophylliopsis, and Intersmilia). The samples, though lim­ drilled in a carbonate platform of Late Jurassic age. An interval ited, reflect the importance of the pennular and stylinid struc­ of about 100 m of limestone, interbedded with sandstone and tures in the rather diversified coral assemblage. We therefore shale and overlain by dolomite, was cored at Hole 639D present diagrams that illustrate these structures in space to aid (42°8.06'N, 12°15.3'W).
    [Show full text]
  • Polish Geological Institute National Research Institute
    POLISH GEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Editorial Board: Andrzej Szydło, Michał Krobicki & Wojciech Granoszewski © Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute Warsaw 2016 Cover design by: Monika Cyrklewicz Layout & typesetting: Brygida Grodzicka, Ewelina Leśniak Editorial Office: Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, 4, Rakowiecka St., 00-975 Warsaw, Poland Print: ERGO BTL Sp. z o.o., sp. kom., 4, Szkoły Orląt St., 03-984 Warsaw, Poland Circulation: 150 copies ISBN 978-83-7863-666-3 The contents of abstracts are the sole responsibility of the authors HONORARY PATRONAGE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute Maria A. Bitner Andrzej Szydło, chairman Polish Academy of Sciences, [email protected] Warszawa Małgorzata Jugowiec-Nazarkiewicz Dariusz Gałązka [email protected] Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Warszawa Małgorzata Garecka [email protected] M. Adam Gasiński Jagiellonian University, Kraków Wojciech Granoszewski [email protected] Stanisław Mikulski Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Michał Krobicki Warszawa [email protected] Mike Kaminski Rafał Pająk Geosciences Department, KFUPM, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia [email protected] AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków Anna Bagińska, promotion Barbara Olszewska [email protected] Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Kraków Ján Soták Slovak Academy of Sciences, Banská Bystrica Zdenĕk Vašiček Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ostrava CONTENTS PREFACE . 11 MARIAN KSIĄŻKIEWICZ AND HIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE CARPATHIAN MICROPALAEONTOLOGY . 13 M.A. Gasiński & E. Malata PALAEONTOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE CARPATHIAN BRANCH (PGI-NRI) – HISTORICAL OVERVIEW. 15 M. Garecka & B. Olszewska FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE CRETACEOUS BASAL PHOSPHORITE LAYER OF PODILLYA (WESTERN UKRAINE) .
    [Show full text]