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Si^ClAL SCIENCES

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IN THIS ISSUE On-Farm Training New Crosswalk Guards Diamond Jubilee Dedication Scenes

' Vol. 1 3, No. 4 lovember S, 1968 Y^6 3C) Robert J. Fleming, Jr., Governor-Preaident Publications Editors Robert D. Kerr and Julio E. Briceno W. P. Leber, Lieutenant Governor

Official Panami PublicatioD Editorial Assistants Will Arey Published monthly at Balboa Heights, C.Z. Eunice Richard, Tobi Bittel, and Tomas A. Cdpas Canal Information Officer Printed at the Printing Plant, Mount Hope, C.Z.

On sale at all Service Centers. Retail Stores, and the Tivoli Guest House for 10 days after publication date at 5 cents each. Subscriptions, $1 a year; mail and back copies, 10 cents each. Postal money orders made payable to the Panama Canal Company should be mailed to Box M, Balboa Heights, C.Z. Editorial Offices are located in the Administration Building, Balboa Heights, C,Z,

proclamation J\oute Of Jrljtor^ WHEREAS the people of the Republic of Panama obser\'e the 59th anniversar\' of their independence CELEBRATION on November 3 of the 59th anniversary of the on November 3, 1962; and founding of the Republic of Panama provides an opportune time to take note of other important dates in the history of tlie Isthmus, from WHEREAS the continued understanding and the time Rodrigo de Bastidas discovered in 1501 to the friendship between the peoples of the Republic of Panama present day. Panama and the Canal Zone set an example of Among the many other dates spotlighting the route of Isthmian harmonv for the rest of the world; and history from the time of the first visits are the following: WHEREAS it is a desire of the Canal Zone to give 1502— explored the Atlantic Coast of the due recognition to the vital role plaved in operation Isthmus, attempted to found Belen, but was prevented from doing so of the Panama Canal by , now and in by hostile Indians. the past; and 1508—Panama first was called "Tierra Firme" and "Castilla del Oro." 1510—The first city populated by Europeans on American soil, Santa WHEREAS the people of the Canal Zone join in Maria la Antigua, was founded in Darien. the aspirations of their neighbors in Panama for a 1513—Vasco Nuriez de Balboa and Martin Samudio were elected way of life which promises increased political, the first mayors on American soil; Fray Juan de Quevedo was named spiritual, cultural, and economic well-being and First Catholic Bishop in America; Balboa discovered the Pacific Ocean which are so vital for the growth of democratic on September 25. society; 1519—Panama, first European settlement founded on the Pacific

NOW, THEREFORE, I, Robert J. Fleming, Jr., coast of Isthmus, was established on August 15. Governor of the Canal Zone, do hereby invite all 1520—First City Council (Cabildo) was established on American the people of the Canal Zone to take part in soil, at Santa Maria la Antigua in Darien. celebrating with Panama the 59th anniversary of her 1521—Charles V granted charter and Coat of Arms. independence on November 3, 1962. 1538— Royal Audiencia of Panama was created by Spanish Crown, with jurisdiction to in the north and Argentina to the south, I request all agencies of the Panama Canal to and including Cartagena, , and Chile; first transcontinental encourage, foster and participate in the observance. highway, Panama to Portobelo, was built. I especially encourage our schools, libraries, churches 1671— Pirate pillaged Panama City and inhabitants and religious bodies, civic, service and patriotic put city to the torch. organizations, and our learned and professional 1673—Panama City rebuilt 6 miles away from old site. societies to participate in the observance as appro- 1698—Patterson established ill-fated Scottish settlement on Northern priate, all to the end of enriching our knowledge and coast of Darien Province. appreciation of the history of the neighboring 1821—Panama declared its independence from Spain, joining Union Republic. formed by , Venezuela, and Ecuador. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, 1 have hereunto 1826—First Inter-American Congress held in Panama City. set my hand and caused the seal of the 1830, 1831, and 1840-Panama frees self from Colombia and becomes Canal Zone to be affixed at Balboa Heights, a sovereign State but rejoins Colombia again each time. Canal Zone this 18th day of October, 1962. 1855— First trans-continental railroad in America inaugurated in Panama on January 28. 1880—French began unsuccessful attempt to build a Canal. 1903—Panama seceded from Colombia on November 3 and became an independent Republic. 1904—United States started building the Panama Canal. Governor. 1914—Panama Canal opened to traffic. 1936-First revision of Panama-United States Canal Treaty effected. By the Governor: 1955-Revised Canal Treaty negotiated between Panama-United States. 1962—Opening of a high level bridge over the Canal. Panama-United States Presidents appoint representatives to explore Executive Secretary. possible Treaty modifications.

November 2, 1962 Manuel Guardia, left, and Rigoberto Quijada check mechanization for "bossy."

Dr. Paul H. Dowell, Mindi Fanii manager, explains advantages of PANAMANIANS lime-coated floors: bacteria, algae are killed, it's non-skid, and inexpensive. GET TRAINING AT MINDI

THREE YOUNG Panamanians return to their agricultural studies at the National Institute of Agriculture at Divisa next week after several weeks of learning by doing at the Mindi Farm on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus. Manuel Guardia of La Pintada and Rigoberto Quijada of Penonome are spending 6 weeks at the farm, while,

Cesar Alvarez is spending 5 weeks, having arrived a week after the others. During recent weeks they've been checked out on hand milking, machine milking, general sanitation, milk- room handling, pasterization plant operation and bottling. Along the route they've had on-the-job contact with such diverse items as pouring of proper cement flooring, vac- cination, tractor and bulldozer operation, fencing, record- keeping, and study of grasses—including baling and Trainees peer into huge bulk milk cooler. personal contact from the business end of a pitchfork. (See next page)

And the boys show calf how it's done.

Dr. Dowell shows how needle is prepared Joint goals of the Divisa school and Mindi Farm are continued improvement of sources of supply at farm level and constantly widening spread of knowl- edge of sanitation and processing prac- tices to maintain adequate quality. The Divisa school has been operating a general agricultural course 8 years. In

recent years it has included on-the-job training at ranches and farms many places on the Isthmus, with Mindi as one of these. Mr. Guardia and Mr. Quijada got off to a fast start at Mindi. They helped deliver a calf the day they arrived. Their

milking machine duties are not just operational; they also learned to tear down and repair the equipment. Thev

learned to throw and tie a horse, and Leon S. Willa, milk plant manager, at graphs showing temperature milk is heated to, how long it's held at that level. the best methods for restraining bulls or cows, with least injury to the animal and themselves. The trainees live in family-type quar- ters in Gatun, eat at the farm with a farm family and, while leaining and doing, receive a token salary to cover food and transportation costs and give

them a little spending money. Two other young Panamanian dairy- men have taken the same course. These two are Alfredo Orange of Santiago and Juan Manuel Peralta of Chitre. Alfredo Orange has been working since February 1962 as chief of milk production for the La Estrella sugar company in Aguadulce. He showed signs of leadership from early youth, and now has 60 employees under his orders. His supervisors are

\er\ satisfied with his work, for he has shown great efficiency. Bulk raw milk arrives in these.

Tied up like Christmas package, horse not worried. Trainees view work in processing department. He nibbled grass. THE TIME when prisoners sat in cells and marked off the days on the walls is past. New practices in criminology and Z)en cAre ZJo J6e c433lg,ned penology are constantly improving the rehabilitation chances of men who have been convicted of crimes. Men and women have been taken out TRAFFIC STOPPERS of the roles of mere guards and given the responsibilities of counsellors, offer- ing guidance and help to those under motorists are accus- CANAL ZONE their care. tomed to slowing, or coming to a halt, A relatively small penal institution, approaching a crosswalk. In the when like the Canal Zone Prison at Gatun near future, astonished motorists may has the opportunity to give special a to remind them to on. need shove move attention to those people who need help For, instead of a member of the Canal and want it. In addition to the wood- Zone's finest keeping peak traffic and pedestrians on the go, the traffic is to be directed by crosswalk women guards. Ten women are to be assigned in the Self-Help Balboa Cristobal districts communities. They will not be policewomen, but will be under Canal Zone police supervision «S4^, and police trained. Stressed The crosswalk guards will be from .21 to 50 years of age, and must be able to read and speak English. Physical At Prison fitness, mental alertness, 1 year general office experience, or 1 year's completed

studies at a business school or junior shop, where the inmates are allowed to college, and moral soundness will be do constructive work, and the extensive other requirements. grounds used for fruit growing and While on duty, the crosswalk women recreation, Gatun Prison has instituted guards will wear dacron-and-wool skirts a special program geared toward im- of the same material and color as the proving the educational background of Canal Zone policemen's shirts, and the prisioners. white dacron-and-cotton blouses. The The program was first started more outfit will be completed with a natty than 6 years ago when Eloise Games, overseas type cap of the same material of the teaching staff of Rainbow City as the skirt. Elementary School, volunteered to con- Each crossing guard will wear mini- duct classes at the prison in Gatun. ature chrome badges, similar to the Instruction was given 1 hour weekly Canal Zone police guard badges, on in Spanish on school subjects consistent shirt and cap, and each will have a with the educational level and ability round shoulder patch bearing the Canal of the inmates, following the Canal Zone Zone seal. Latin American school curriculum. With the employment of crosswalk The program was expanded to classes

women guards, the Canal Zone is join- on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays ing important cities in the United States, from 1 to 3 p.m. under a teacher where women have been employed on assigned by the Canal Zone Division crosswalk traffic duty for some time. of Schools and now has been extended The new look on the crosswalks of the even further to the hours of 7; 30 to Canal Zone comes about as a follow-up 9;30 a.m. Monday through Friday under of a recommendation the direction of Mrs. Yvonne Frederick made by J. W. Kelly, executive secretary to the mayor Wood for the male prisoners. One-half of Kansas City, Mo., when he visited hour classes are held daily for the the Isthmus in March 1958. women prisoners who wish to attend. At present the only uniformed women "No inmate is forced to attend these who work with the Canal Zone Police classes, but I can't remember any who Division are the matrons at Gatun have refused to go," says Sgt. George Prison for women and juveniles. A. Martin, sergeant-in-charge at the Interested and qualified applicants Gatun Prison. The boys look foi-ward to should contact Canal Zone Police Head- the hours in classes and many of them quarters, Civil Affairs Building, during who could only make an "X" for their office hours. names and couldn't even tell time when Employment will be part time and Mrs. Frances Hunnicutt models one of the they entered the prison soon could do new uniforms. She's secretary to Chief will be for about 20 hours each week, both—and more as their educational E. S. Shipley of the Police Division of the during school terms. Panama Canal. levels were raised.

The Panama Canal Review problem as water, for the fire brigade Captain Kane of the U.S. warship was supported mainly by contributions landed a force, and the next day Colom- p.anama s from businessmen. bian troops came over from Panama. In Panama City, with reorganization The insurgents were routed, but not of the firefighters and election of David before thev set fire to the town. H. Brandon as Commander in 1903, Panama City has had disastrous fires, Fire Brigade matters took a turn for the better. Com- Ijut none of the magnitude of some of mander Brandon's first action was Colon's April conflagrations. "April PANAMA'S FIRE BRIGADE, founded toward supplying the city with water seems to be the month of tragedy for 75 years ago with two small hand- through construction of large reservoirs. the Colon fire brigade," says a history to engines, today is proudly referred While the greater part of the fire brigade of the corps. In fact, an April fire in firefighters in Canal by fellow the still was formed b\' volunteers, per- Colon which occurred in 1940 is cre- Zone as "one of the best volunteer fire manent guards were established in dited with a major change in organiza- departments in the world." barracks in se\eral quarters of the cit\\ tion of Panama firefighting forces. So high is the prestige of Panama's Only six firemen of the permanent firefighters on the continent that thev fire companv were on duty in Colon on have been invited to organize similar April 13, 1940 when a fire was reported fire departments in Colombia, Nicara- Mark in a 30-year-old wooden house on 6th gua, and Venezuela, as well as assisting Street in the Atlantic terminal city. The Colon fire department owes its in organization of such units elsewhere A general alarm was sounded after a origin to a disastrous fire on March .31, in Latin America. brisk wind fanned the flames to nearby 1885, when the city was entirely con- Today the fire brigade possesses structures. Firemen of Panama City and sumed, with the exception of the build- modern equipment, but the early Pan- the Canal Zone, as well as volunteers, ings of the Panama Railroad, the French ama firefighters had to surmount one entered the battle against the flames. Mail difficultv after another. Chief problem Canal Companv, and the Pacific estimated was lack of water, for Panama City in Steamship Line. The loss was the 1880's had no aqueduct and, as one at $6 million and 10,000 persons left shelterless. a lesult, the historian states, "either by unhappy were As Colombian Government authorized Diamona coincidence or by the calculation of of fire criminals, fires always seemed to occur organization a brigade. 188.5 fire was started b)' a group during the hours of low tide so that it The of insurgents at the outset of a so-called was almost impossible to obtain suffi- Jubilee cient ocean water to combat the flames." "revolution." The insurgents arrested Finances posed almost as great a Mr. Wright, the American consul; Cap- Canal Zone tug boats put 800 feet of tain Dow, the general agent of the hose into use to throw up a water screen steamship company; the local agent, on the blocks from Front Street to View of the disastrous San Miguel area fire Mr. Conner; and Lieutenant Judd and Balboa Avenue. Dynamite was used on in Panama City. The flames leveled three Midshipman Richardson of the U.S.S. burning houses on 9th, 10th, and I3th blocks of dwellings. Canal Zone fire truck can be seen in background. Galena, then in port. During the night Stieets. After 7 hours' work, during which the firefighters were hampered Chief W. G. Dolan and William E. Jones, fighters were on duty day and night former chief of the Canal Zone Fire Depart- by panic-stricken citizens who filled the until the country returned to normal. ment, joined Second Comandante Luis C. streets by the hundreds, the fire was Endara and group of Panama firemen "Never were citizen rights and order brought under control. But 293 build- during ceremonies marking the 70th anni- better guaranteed than when the men ings, most of them of wood construction, versary of the Panama brigade in 1957. in the red shirts served as police," stated had been destroyed and the fire loss Panama Governor Efrain Tejada in totalled $4 million. seniors in the Brigade, each lost a leg commending the firefighters for this That conflagration was a turning in the catastrophe. action. point in the history of Panama fire- Throughout the 75 years of its history, As the Cuerpo de Bomberos of Pan- fighting, for organization of a permanent the Panama fire brigade has lived ama prepare to observe the organiza- fire department was undertaken, "with up to its motto, "Discipline, Honor, tion's 7.5th anniversary this month, its the members to be paid a living wage." Self-Denial." members can look with pride on the Modern Panama City's greatest fire Besides the functions inherent to fire- record of service written by them and tragedy, commemorated by a statue in fighters, the Panama fire department their predecessors in combating fire and Fifth of May Plaza, was the explosion has, in national emergencies, acted as its horrors. on May 5, 1914, of the powder maga- guardian of public order. In 1931 a zine, then situated in the vicinity of the political movement in Panama City, old Casino. Several members of the Colon, and other areas of the Republic, RAUL ARANGO N., Panama fire chief Cuerpo de Bomberos lost their lives and resulted in panic and chaos. since April 1950. a number of others were left invalids. The firemen of Colon and Panama The Second Commander, Daro Valla- City were called upon to establish and rino, and Jose Thompson, one of the maintain order in both cities. Fire-

Canal Zone fire engine joins in parade held in Panama City during Fire Prevention Week.

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Representatives from Panama, the Canal Zone, and the men who buih the bridge seated in reserved area at dedication ceremonies. From left to right, they arc: Capt. George F. Hudson, a senior Canal pilot; Anthony Poczatek, one of the many who labored on the bridge; and German Batista, a small farmer whose products will move to market across the bridge.

Pelican State steams under Thatcher Ferry Bridge to become first ocean-going vessel to pass under structure after official Miiurice li. Thatcher snips ribbon opening bridge, as Governor Fleming, dedication October 12. Frank A, Baldwin, and many of those attending ceremonies watcb.

IN THE SCENES . .

. . . AND BEHIND THEM

THE DEDICATION of Thatcher Ferry The picture shows members of the Pan- Ferryboat President Roosevelt moves through locks on way to Gamboa Circle last month american Round Table displaying flags Bridge and Stevens after being removed from service in wake of bridge opening. involved many people and events which of various countries in the hemisphere. press of Flags displayed by the group, headed escaped public notice in the Several hundred guests from the Atlantic side traveled across the Isthmus more urgent "news." A few of these by Ester de Boutaud as president, were aboard special trains during the 2 days of events. events and some of the people involved of Panama, the United States, Brazil, in them are presented on these pages. Bolivia, Canada, El Salvador, Hondu- This month's cover picture also in- ras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Dominican volves a group which participated in the Republic, Uruguay, Venezuela, Colom- dedication ceremonies for Thatcher bia, Paraguay, Argentina, Ecuador, A number of Isthmian oldtimcrs made a partial transit of the Canal and shared a buffet aboard Ferry Bridge, but of which only minor Costa Rica, Haiti, Chile, Guatemala, Las Cruces during the dedication weekend. note was taken at the time of the event. and Peru.

Josephus Liverpool, president of the Canal Zone Retired Workers Approximately 2,500 Isthmian residents gathered in Balboa for dedication of Stevens Circle on October 13. Association, and Karl Curtis of Gamboa, both construction-era Canal employees, watch dedication of Stevens Circle from speaker's stand.

The Honorable Stephen Ailes, Under Secretary of the Army and Chair- man of the Board of the Panama Canal, poses beside memorial to John F. Stevens in Balboa with John F. Stevens III, and Mrs. John U. Hawks, grandchildren of the Canal engineer. Mr. Ailes was the main speaker.

>>> I « I ' ^ f. s ' -^j ' i' '

^ . lit I I I I I I PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS September 5 through October 5

EMPLOYEES who were promoted or Dionisio De Leon, from Grounds Main- Baldur Norman, from Lock Operator Car- transferred between September 5 and tenance Equipment Operator, Com- penter to Lead Foreman Carpenter. munity Services Division, to Boatman. Kenneth P. Scanlon, from Machinist to October 5 are listed here. Within-grade Guillermo Lopez, from Laborer Cleaner to Lock Operator Machinist. promotions and job reclassifications are Boatman. Hortensio Gutierrez, from Maintenance not Hsted: Agustin Torres, from Heavy Labo'ei, Pan- Painter to Painter. ama Local Agency, to Helper Core Drill Cleveland Bermett, Dudley Francis, Emi- ADMINISTRATIVE BRANCH Operator. liano Mares, from Line Handler to Main- William S. Wigg, from Management Tech- tenance Painter. Electrical Division nician to Supervisory Management Tech- Robert J. King, Clerk-Typist, from Gorgas nician. Howard E. Munro, from Power System Hospital. Cleveland C. Soper, from Photographer, Dispatcher to Chief Power System Joseph L. Findlay, Gilberto Morales, Information Office, Canal Zone Guide Dispatcher. Samuel Walker, from Line Handler to Service, to Photographic Laboratory Norman C. Anderson, from Shift Engineer Helper Lock Operator. Technician. (Mechanical) to Test Operator-Foreman Dodson Hinds, from Line Handler to (Mechanical-Power System). Messenger. CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU Cosme Morales, from Laborer Cleaner to Rudolph R. Beatty, Clerk-Typist, from In- Helper Cable Splicer. OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER dustrial Division to Fire Division. Francisco A. Estrada, from Pinsetter, Accounting Division Fitardo A. Henry, from Kitchen Attendant Supply Division, to Laborer Cleaner. to Cook, Customs Division. Mary N. Sanders, Clerk-Typist, from Coco Louis C. Caldwell, from Time, Leave, and Solo Hospital. Payroll Clerk to Accounting Technician. Postal Division Myron A. Schroeder, from Accountant to Maintenance Division Dick R. Brandom, from Clerk-in-Charge, Staff Accountant. City Division, Balboa, to Finance Branch Hector M. De Souza, from Refrigeration Burton F. Mead, from Voucher Examiner Superintendent. and Air Conditioning Plant Operator to to Accounting Technician. Donald H. Secrest, from Window Clerk Electrical Equipment Repairman. Pauline L. Blais, Lucille D. Van Riper, to Relief Supervisor, Cristobal. Alfonso D. Gittens, from Laborer to Leader from Accounting Technician to Voucher Laborer Cleaner. Division of Schools Examiner. Isidro Avila, Evert M. Plato, from Laborer Fulvio Teran, Training Instructor, Con- Mildred S. Rowe, from Substitute Teacher to Heavy Laborer. versational Spanish, from Office of the and Visiting Teacher to Elementary Joseph F. Shea, Engineman (Hoisting and Governor-President. and Secondary School Teacher. Portable) from Motor Transportation Martha M. Browder, Jane A. Gruver, Mary Division. SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY SERVICE F. Harmon, Rosario R. Maymi, Janice Elbert T. Chappell, Jr., Welder, from In- Community Services Division C. Pitts, Sara H. Piatt, Rosalie A. Rowell, dustrial Division. from Substitute Teacher to Elementary Alejandro Gomez, Diego Martinez, Lab- and Secondary School Teacher. HEALTH BUREAU orer, from Dredging Division. Carlos A. Vaz, Jr., from Elementary and Gorgas Hospital Eduardo D. Armas, Jose Del C. Moran, Secondary School Teacher, Latin Amer- Margaret R. Goulet, from Staff Nurse, Francisco Pinzon, from Laborer to ican Schools, to Senior High Principal, Medicine and Surgery, to Staff Nurse, Grounds Maintenance Equipment Oper- Latin American Schools. Operating Room. ator. Ana T. Bennett, from Elementary and Sec- Cayetano Hernandez, from Laborer Cleaner Carol J. Smith, from Staff Nurse to Staff ondary School Teacher, Latin American Nurse, Obstetrics. to Heavy Laborer. Schools, to Elementary Teacher-Prin- Jeanene K. Zimmerman, from Voucher Supply Division cipal, Latin American Schools. E.xaminer, Supply Division, to Clerk- Janet A. Marshall, from Substitute Teacher, Typist. Phyllis D. Powers, from Service Center Latin American Schools, to Senior High Joseph D. Buendia, from Ward Service Supervisor to Accounting Assistant. Teacher, Latin A. Carter, Ronald Chambers, Jr., American Schools. Aid to Nursing Assistant, Medicine and Reginald Millicent F. Forcheney, from Substitute Surgery. David J. Failey, Hector J. Markland, Teacher, Latin American Schools, to Newton Walker, from Commissary Serv- Elementary Teacher, Latin American Corozal Hospital ice Trainee to \Ieat Cutter Assistant. Schools. Mary E. Ausnehmer, from Staff Nurse, Oscar Edmund, Jr., from Counter Attend- Nora D. Brown, Kathleen D. Stromberg, Medicine and Surgery, to Head Nurse, ant to Food Service Sales Checker. from Student Aid to Recreation Assistant Psychiatry. George C. Bennett, from Utility Worker to (Sports). Lloyd G. Wilson, from Bell Boy and Special Sales Clerk. ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION Waiter, Supply Division, to Nursing Roy A. Cox, Cyril E. Hewitt, Ivy F. Lewis, Assistant, Psychiatry. from Utility Worker to Counter Attend- BUREAU ant. Mary T. Herring, from Student Assistant, MARINE BUREAU Arthur M. Butcher, Harold Hall, from Contract and Inspection Division, to Navigation Division Laborer Cleaner to Utility Worker. Clerk-Typist, Balboa Bridge Project. William M. Brown, from Wood and Steel Morton F. Levee, from Theater Usher to Doorman. Dredging Division Carman, Railroad Division, to Marine Theater Robert C. Husband, from Package Boy to Katherine G. Headrick, from Clerk-Stenog- Traffic Controller. Walter Williams, from Laborer Cleaner, Heavy Laborer. rapher to Accounting Clerk J. (Stenog- Elias Gill, from Package Boy to Laborer raphy). Division of Schools, to Heavy Laborer. Cleaner. Rosemar>' D. Reardon, from Supervisory Industrial Division Clerical Assistant to Accounting Assist- M. Lucille Behre, from Clerk-Typist, Divi- TRANSPORTATION AND TERMINALS ant. sion of Preventive Medicine and Quaran- BUREAU Klaus Rcichert, from Seaman, to Launch tine, to Stock Control Clerk. Terminals Division Captain. Earl A. Escalona, from General Helper to Manuel Macias, from Seaman to Winch- Toolroom Attendant. William B. Huff, from Administrative man. Assistant to Supervisory Cargo Checking Adolfo C. Quintero, from Winchman to Locks Division Officer. Leader Seaman. Oliver H. Hendrickson, Joseph H. Voung, Tomas A. Salinas, from Maintenanceman to Domingo Muiioz, from Boatman to Sea- from Leader Lock Operator Machinist Leader Painter (Maintenance). man. to Lead Foreman Lock Operations. Domingo Quintero, from Line Handler to Laureano Hidalgo, Cristobal Torres, from Kenneth F. Millard, from Electrician, Elec- Leader Line Handler. Railroad Trackman, Railroad Division, trical Division, to Lock Operator Elec- Walton G. Green, Albert A. McQueen, to Boatman. trician. from Heavy Laborer to Cargo Checker.

10 November 2, 1962 Dimas Alvarado, Juan M. Arauz, Delfin Garcia, Pedro Martinez, Humberto Ossa, Bemabe Saavedra, from Dock Worker to Stevedore. Cristobal Cedeiio, from Heavy Laborer, Dredging Division, to Dock Worker. Celio Cedeiio, Julian Gonzalez, from Laborer, Dredging Division, to Dock Worker. Leopold T. Douglas, from Line Handler to Maintenance Painter. Gouldboum Lewis, from Dock Worker to Guard. Calixto Villarreal, from Surveying Aid, Engineering Division, to Dock Worker. Federico Hudson, from Laborer, Mainte- nance Division, to Cargo Marker. Alberto Munoz, from General Helper, Maintenance Division, to Dock Worker. Motor Transportation Division Paul R. Kuyofh, from Supervisory Trans- portation Operations Officer (Motor) (Chief, Southern District) to Motor Transportation Operations Officer (Chief, Southern District). Maurice L. McCullough from Super- A gob of this and a touch of that. It may be a work of art. Mrs. H. M. Armistead, center, visor Transportation Operations Officer seems pleased as she watches pupils Gail Harrison, Nancy Burns, Jim Young, Jenise (Motor) (Chief, Northern District) to McDaniel, and Gene Benson as they work on their ceramics projects in the basement Motor Transportation Operations Office of her Balboa house. (Chief, Northern District). Elsie E. Yates, from Clerk-Stenographer to Clerical Assistant (Stenography). Potterying, Not Puttering Cecile C. Marceau, from Clerk-Stenog- rapher to Secretar>- (Stenography). Michael A. Shan, from Accounting Clerk "THE POTTERY. Jump in and ha\e often the members of the class work to Clerk. fun with us." far into the night if they "really get

Clifford E. Bovell, Victor H. Hines, from This is the sign on the workshop door. wrapped up in something." Helper Automotive Mechanic (Body and And the sign really means what it says. i\Irs. Armistead became interested in Fender) to Glazier (Limited). Mr. and Mrs. Howard Armistead, who ceramics during college where she OTHER PROMOTIONS which did not live on Barnaby Street in Balboa, are also worked in sculpture. "We first involve changes of title follow: like pied pipers. started to learn about ceramics from the books in the library, and then to find Paul J. Coleman, Valuation Engineer (Gen- Everyone from the maid to the little eral), Accounting Division. kids down the street to the older mem- out if v\e were really interested in it, Norbert M. Schommer, Supervisory Ac- bers of the community can be found we took a course from Vada Pence who countant (Chief, Budget and Statistics most anv time working with clay in lived in Balboa but has since retired Section), Office of General Manager, then, Supply Division. various stages of its development into and now is in the States." Since converted Gerard L. Lavigne, Industrial Engineer ashtrays, dishes, vases, pitchers, or they have had their basement (General), Industrial Division. figures. into a work area and storage space

Thomas J. Dwyer, Leon N. Sharpensteen, Regular classes are held Friday complete with two kilns, one of which Leon T. Williams, Admeasurer, Naviga- evenings from 7 to 10, officially, but was constructed bv Mr. Armistead. tion Division.

George A. Black, Jr., Supervisory Account- ing Assistant, Nlotor Transportation Divi- sion. James D. Dunaway, Finance Branch Super- intendent, Postal Division. RETIREMENTS George H. Moore, Time, Leave, and Pay- roll Clerk, Accounting Division. PAMANA CANAL employees who 38 years, 5 months, 27 days. Grace E. MacVittie, General Claims E.xam- Gonzalez Joseph, chauffeur. Motor Trans- retired in September, with the positions iner. General Audit Division, Claims portation Division; 39 years, 2 months, Branch. they held at the time of retirement and 24 days. with the Canal Lawrence, helper machinist. Rail- Joseph Wood, Jr., Graduate Intern (Ad- their \ears of service Daniel J. 9 months, 15 ministrative Services), Administrative organization are: road Division; 20 years, days. Branch. Louis W. Chenis, cement finisher, Main- Henri E. Moehrke, chief engineer, towboat Marie D. Quinn, Medical Radiology Tech- tenance Division; 40 years, 16 days. or ferr\-, Dredging Division; 29 years, nician (Diagnosis), Gorgas Hospital. Santiago Cordoba C, stevedore, Terminals 15 days. Division; 22 years, 11 months, 5 days. George B. Erskine, Raymond D. Parker, William R. Simmons, cement finisher. Kenneth M. Edwards, general foreman lock Accounting Clerk, Motor Transportation Maintenance Division; 34 years, 3 operator, Locks Division; 28 years, Division. months, 6 days. 4 months, 6 days. Ricardo A. Honeywell, Clerk, Customs Henslee S. Smith, police private. Police Raymond L. Harvey, auto machinist. Motor Division. Division; 1 year, 11 months. Transportation Division; 16 years, 5 Spence, deckhand. Navigation Marcus M. Smith, File Clerk, Gorgas Hos- months, 21 days. Ashton B. 8 months, 21 days. pital. Robert E. Howell, helper wood and steel Division; 10 years, captain, Police Harold G. Fergus, Utility W'orker, Supply carman, Railroad Division; 47 years, Stewart P. Trail, police 4 months. Division. 3 months, 17 days. Division; 26 years, pressman. Robert E. Welbom, fire lieutenant, Fire Charles C. James, Utility Worker, Customs Philibert J. Jeanmarie, letterpress Division; 18 years, 1 month, 7 days. Division. Printing Plant, Administrative Branch;

The P.anama C.\nal Review 11 10 ^ear3 cnc^o ation of the U.S. employee quarters for the fiscal year 1947 and for 1952, and CANAL TRAFFIC and tolls broke all CANAL the projected financial results after the previous records during October, rental increase scheduled to become according to final statistics for the month effective December 7. released on November 17, 1952. Final figures on tonnage were not yet avail- One year c4^o HISTORY but it too, able, was expected that these, would top previous highs. There were THRONGS OF Canal Zone residents, 50 yiearA ct^o 674 transits of the Canal by ocean-going led bv Gov. W. A. Carter, joined their commercial vessels and the tolls totalled Panamanian neighbors in observing Flag PANAMA CANAL toll rates were an- $2,917,634. Day ceremonies and a 3-hour long nounced in a proclamation by President A special supplement of The Panama parade as part of the celebration of William Howard Taft of the United Canal Review containing essential Panama's .58th Independence Day. States on November 13, half a century facts on the proposed rent increase was Speaking in Spanish, the Governor wel- ago. Merchant vessels carrying pas- distributed by mail to all U.S. employees comed the officials and spectators at sengers or cargo were to be charged on of the Canal organization. Featured in Shaler Triangle in the Canal Zone for the basis of actual earning capacity. the supplement was a financial state- the ceremony of the pledge of allegiance Vessels in ballast were to be charged ment showing comparative costs in oper- which opened the obsen'ances. 40 percent less than the rate for vessels with passengers or cargo. The largest force in the Canal's history, 40,1.59 persons, was at work on the Canal and railroad at the end of SAFETY November 1912. The personnel figure included 3,499 men employed by the contractors on the lock gates and similar Seat Belts Protect work, and the development of the lock machinery under the Assistant Chief Engineer of the Panama Canal. The contract for the manufacture and Good Drivers, Too construction of two 56-foot gate leaves and anchorages complete for the new senseless drydock at Balboa was awarded to the WE DEPLORE speeding like tection for good as well as bad drivers. that McClintic-Marshall Construction Co.. which recently caused a car in the A warning has been issued by The States carrying the only firm that submitted a bid. The two young men to skid Society of the Plastics Industry that 2.50 feet contract called for manufacture of the on a sharp curve, change lanes, most plastic "Jerry" cans (shaped like skid another 90 feet into its leaves, the assembly of one of them at back own those GI metal gasoline cans during the company's shops, and the erection lane, skid 50 feet more, flip over, sail World War II) are not safe for storing 15 feet through the air, slide of the gate complete in 425 days for upside gasoline. At temperatures from about $110,000. down for 49 feet, carom off a stojie wall, 145 degrees Fahrenheit and up, easily and flip its The grand total of Canal excavation back onto wheels. reached in the trunk of a car or the Yes, the car to November 1 was 182,991,045 cubic was a mess: but the covered bow of an outboard boat on occupants yards, leaving 29,235,955 cubic yards, received only minor bruises. a hot day, gasoline will disintegrate the Both wearing or a little less than one-sixth of the entire were seat belts. The\ plastic. amount necessary for the completed were lucky— but how lucky would an Don't be deceived by the shape of Canal to be excavated. innocent family have been if it had plastic cans. The safest way to carry been coming the other way in a car spare gasoline is in heavy gage metal without seat belts and couldn't 25 ^earJ cA^o get out cans carrying the approval of the Under- of the way of that bouncing, sliding writers' Laboratories or Factory Mutual "BOYCOTT JAPAN" posters were wreck? Obviously, seat belts offer pro- Laboratories. being issued free by one of the Panama newspapers as part of a campaign to "aid China in her brave fight against a ,_ACCI DENTS ruthless invader," the paper said. The Canal Zone commissaries were asked to FOR stock lisle stockings for the benefit of Zone ladies who wished to actively THIS MONTH participate in the boycott. AND On November 24, 1937, the ashes of Cen. Morrow, third Governor of Jay J. THIS YEAR the Panama Canal, were scattered to the swirling waters of the Chagres as FIRST DISABLING DAYS they pounded over Gatun Spillway. SEPTEMBER AID Benediction was by Father E. CASES INJURIES LOST J. Cooper -62 -61 '62 '61 •62 and flowers were strewn on the waters -SI by boys and girls of the then famous ALL UNITS 227 236 9 4 280 365 Red, White, and Blue Troop, followed YEAR TO DATE 2217 2788(699) 95 100(4) 8228 15360(95) by an 11-gun salute. ( ) Locks Overhaul Injuries Included In total.

12 November 2, 1962 ANNIVERSARIES

(On t/ie basis of total Federal Service)

ENGINEERING AND MARINE BUREAU CONSTRUCTION BUREAU Leonard B. Wilson Towinj; Locomotive Howard S. fag^Ua Chief, Clmmunic atioi Branch COMMUNITY BUREAU Charles W. H Supervisory Constr Operator Inspector George V. ector Oiler S^Jl!^TATION AND IINALS BUREAU Stockman Alejandro Mo Oiler Jacinto Peters Guard Dario E. Perez Sixto Atencio Guard Heavy Laborer

CIVIL AFFAIRS BUREAU Raymond F. Hesch Alvaro Ramos George L. Cooper Lock Operator Machinist Heavy Laborer Police Sergeant Antonio N. Hudson May Jamieson Robert P. Carey Helper Lock Operator Retail Store Sales Checker Relief Supervisor, Agustin Fajardo Maudline A. Lashley Cristobal Helper Lock Operator Counter Attendant Hubert S. Wilson Enos A. Williams Doris Yard Detention Guard Seaman Food Service Sales Checker Ivan B. Hooker Pedro A. Gasparini Pura C. Adams Laborer Cleaner Deckhand Meat Packager Juan R. Valladares Pablo Goto ENGINEERING AND Launch Operator Meat Cutter Acres Vantipool Amanda T. Green CONSTRUCTION BUREAU Deckhand Sales Clerk Faye C. Minton Frank Morris Miguel A. Pineda Administrative Officer Deckhand Heavy Laborer Egbert F. R. Watson Jonas P. Archibold Violet K. Delrozario Surveying Aid Helper Lock Operator Counter Attendant Ernest Wray Frank H. Thomas Rene J. Agnoly Launch Seaman Line Handler Warehouseman Walwin H. Gaynor Flora E. Sutherland Automotive Equipment Stock Control Clerk Serviceman Ruben N. Padmore Louis L. Seldon Laundry Checker Electrician Catalina C. Mendoza Rodolfo Estable Sales Clerk General Helper Juan Arriaga Domingo Barrios Utility Worker Seaman Hylin Casanova Jesiis M. Moreno Baker Painter Roy A. Carter Vicente Angel Smith Storekeeping Clerk Launch Operator Arcadio Barlanoa OFFICE OF THE Grounds Maintenance HEALTH BUREAU COMPTROLLER Equipment Operator Selvin Rowe Francis J. Reilly TRANSPORTATION AND File Clerk Plant Accounting Assistant TERMINALS BUREAU Inez D. Barker John Louis Smith Nursing Assistant, PERSONNEL BUREAU Helper Liquid Fuels Psvchiatrv Nye C. Norris Wharfman Victor Ulate Personnel Clerk Manuel Herrera Nursing Assistant, Medicine Leader Stevedore and Surgery SUPPLY AND COMMUNITY Leopold V. Dutton SERVICE BUREAU MARINE BUREAU Stevedore Curtis B. Parnther Harris T. Phillips C. \. Torstenson Clerk Typist Stevedore Pilot Juan Meji'a Hector Prestan Dixie P. Bender Baker Heavy Laborer Towing Locomotive Martha Bryan Homer L. Marcum Operator Kitchen Attendant Heavv Truck Driver

The Panama Canal Review 13 TRAFFIC MOVEMENT OVER MAIN TRADE ROUTES The following table shows the number of transits of large, commercial vessels (300 net tons or over) segregated into eight main trade routes:

First Quarter, Fiscal 'i

United States intercoastal East coast of United States and _ East coast of United States and East coast of United States and Far East United States/Canada east coast and Australasia Europe and west coast of United States/Canada Europe and South America Europe and Australasia All other routes

Total traffic from New Orleans, is due here both CANAL TRANSITS — COMMERCIAL AND U. S. GOVERNMENT February 28 and March 2. She will call at the San Bias Islands before docking at Cristobal. Panama Agencies have announced that the Grace liner Santa Paula proba- bly will make a call at the Canal Novem- ber 17 on her way back to New York following a cruise to the Caribbean. This same agency handles the huge United States, which, next to the France, will be the largest commercial vessel to dock in Cristobal this year. The United States is due February 9 and in March, following calls at Nassau, Martinique, Trinidad and Curacao. The Jerusalem, operated by the Zim Lines, will make two calls, according to the United Fruit Co. The first will be December 26 and the second Feb- ruary 12. This company also represents the Argentina, which is slated for three visits. The Bremen of the North German

Lloyd Line is calling twice this year and the Rotterdam will call at the Canal in April on her way back to New York after a round-the-world cruise. The Nieuw Amsterdam, an old cruise cus- tomer, will call at Cristobal once in February.

Dedicated To Panama THE $17,500,000 Grace Line pas- senger-cargo ship Santa Maria, spon- sored jointly by Mrs. Aquilino Boyd, wife of the Panamanian Ambassador to the United Nations, and by Mrs. Edwin M. Martin, wife of the Assistant Secre- tary of State for Inter-American Affairs,

is dedicated to the Republic of Panama.

Two of the Santa Maria's sister ships, the Santa Magdalena, dedicated to the Republic of Colombia, and the Santa Mariana, dedicated to the Republic of Ecuador, are being completed. The

Magdalena will be the first of the 20-knot, 127-passenger liners to go into service the early part of next year. A fourth sister ship, as yet unnamed, dedicated to the Republic of Peru, will be built on the ways from which the Maria was launched last month. The Santa Maria will have accommo- dations for 127 passengers in air-condi- tioned first-class quarters. Her cargo space of 616,200 cubic feet can handle containers, cargo packed on pallets, liquids, and shipments requiring refrigeration or cooling.

The new Grace Line vessels will operate from New York to the Carib- bean, the Canal Zone, and the Pacific coast of South America. o H U P I N G

SHIPPING was in a slump at the end TRANSITS BY OCEAN-GOING of the first quarter of the current fiscal VESSELS IN SEPTEMBER year. 1961 1.962 While traffic for the first quarter of the Commercial 892 909 1963 fiscal year continued at a high level U.S. Government 13 21 for transits and tolls, cargo tonnage was 9 down, according to figures compiled by Free 2 the Executive Planning Staff of the Total 907 939 Canal. ° One of the factors responsible for the TOLLS decline of cargo tonnage is that Japan Commercial $4,525,029 $4,618,152 stringent ex- earlv this year applied U.S. Government 73,131 109,284 change controls to try to control loss of foreign exchange. Approximately one- Total $4,598,160 $4,727,436 third of the Canal's cargo tonnage CARGO" travels to and from Japan. Commercial 5,021,956 4,932,450 Coal is an important import of Japan, U.S. Government 72,521 138,709 and hundreds of thousands of tons of coal per month have traveled through Free 2,916 42,580 the Canal for use in the country's grow- Total 5,097,393 5,113,739 ing industries. A year ago in August 692,000 tons of coal transited the Canal •Includes tolls on all vessels, ocean-going and small. "Cargo figures are in long tons. headed for Japan. In August 1962 the coal cargo to Japan dropped to 381,000 tons. figure for September was the lowest Another important import for Japan since 19.59. is scrap iron. A year ago in July .556,000 Petroleum and petroleum products, tons transited the Canal, as compared among the major commodities shipped with 97,000 in Julv 1962. Scrap iron to through the Canal, were at record levels. Japan in August 1961 totaled 366,000. big rise in petroleum shipments was while the August 1962 shipments totaled A noted, especially in increased move- 67,000 tons.

Tolls and transits for the first quarter of the current fiscal year were slightly higher, totaling $14,886,430, as com'- pared with $14,299,354 for the same period last year. Transits the first 3 months of the current fiscal year totaled 2,902 ocean-going vessels as compared to 2,806 for the same period last year.

But there is a drop, when cargo figures are compared. The total long tons of cargo during the first 3 months of the current fiscal year was 15,593,793, as compared to 16,309,67.5 last year in the same period.

More ships transited in ballast this first quarter, the total of .501 in ballast transit since July comparing sharply with the 462 ballast transits from Julv through September 1961.

The load factor, according to Execu- tive Planning Staff figures, is the lowest since 1959. Referring only to cargo carried inside ships transiting the Canal, the load factor in August 1962 was 0.91, lowest for an August since 1934. The July 1962 load factor of 0.96 was the lowest since July 1936, and the 0.93

Date Due 1" Returned Due Returned Due 1 bEmMEMjIl ^ . P 187

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

3 1262 04820 4829