Contract Number : AID-497-C-16-00008

Project Title : USAID Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project

Contract Period : March 21, 2016 to March 22, 2021

Prepared for : USAID

Submitted to : Celly Catharina, Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR) [email protected]

Submitted by : Tetra Tech 159 Bank Street, Suite 300, Burlington, VT 05401, USA Tel: 802-495-0282, Fax: 802 658-4247 www.tetratech.com/intdev

Submitted on : April 15, 2020

Tetra Tech Contacts:

Alan White, Chief of Party [email protected]

Tiene Gunawan, Deputy Chief of Party [email protected]

Gina Green, Project Manager [email protected]

Cover photos: (Clockwise from top left) The USAID SEA Marine Biodiversity Conservation Advisor, Rudyanto, presenting the design results for an MPA network to be established in FMA 715 to the Provincial Marine Affairs and Fisheries Agency in Central (USAID SEA / MPA Team); Tuna Fair Trade fishers of Sangowo Village, Island, North , gathered to discuss the benefits of filling in their fishing logbooks while at sea (MDPI); Extension Service Officer, Awaluddin Karim, using an educational flipchart developed by USAID SEA to train fishers from Gurabati Village, Island, , in recording data in fisheries logbooks and sustainable fisheries principles (USAID SEA / Fisheries Team); Measuring vessels prior to issuing official vessel registration documents as part of fisheries compliance activities in South Regency (MDPI). TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ...... ii List of Figures ...... iii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...... iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... vii RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF ...... xi SECTION 1. USAID SEA PROJECT OVERVIEW ...... 1 SECTION 2. TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT ...... 6 TECHNICAL APPROACH 1: AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT...... 6 TECHNICAL APPROACH 2: MARINE PROTECTED AREAS ...... 18 TECHNICAL APPROACH 3: MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING ...... 24 TECHNICAL APPROACH 4: LAW ENFORCEMENT ...... 29 SECTION 3. APPROACHES FOR ADDRESSING ENABLING CONDITIONS ...... 34 STRATEGIC APPROACH 1: CREATE DEMAND THROUGH AWARENESS RAISING AND ADVOCACY ..... 34 STRATEGIC APPROACH 3: INCREASE INCENTIVES FOR MARINE STEWARDSHIP ...... 42 STRATEGIC APPROACH 4: ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE AND FISHERIES POLICIES AND REGULATIONS ...... 57 STRATEGIC APPROACH 5: INSTITUTIONALIZE TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING ...... 61 SECTION 4. MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS AND CROSS-CUTTING ACTIVITIES ...... 65 SECTION 5. MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING ...... 80 SECTION 6. KEY CHALLENGES, LESSONS LEARNED, AND OPPORTUNITIES MOVING FORWARD ...... 83 ANNEX 1: USAID SEA Organizational chart...... 86 ANNEX 2: Progress Towards Project Indicators — Q1, FY19 ...... 88 ANNEX 3: COVID-19 Preparation and Contingency Plan ...... 92 ANNEX 4: Updated Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ...... 95

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | i List of Tables Table 1: USAID SEA Project subcontractors, updated end of FY19...... 2 Table 2: Full list of USAID SEA Project sites (end of Q3, FY19)...... 3 Table 3: Recommendation for management and monitoring of reef fish harvest strategy implementation...... 7 Table 4: Target fishery areas with USAID SEA Project support...... 10 Table 5: Recommendations for the flying fish harvest strategy based on differing scenarios of Fmsy...... 13 Table 6: Composite and aggregate EAFM values of the mud crab fishery of Bintuni Bay...... 14 Table 7: Simplified step-wise process for acquiring RPZ approval for the USAID SEA Project portfolio MPAs...... 19 Table 8: Status of MPAs in the USAID SEA Project portfolio...... 20 Table 9: Key steps required for MSP implementation...... 25 Table 10: Status of MSP Implementation in North Maluku...... 26 Table 11: Status of MSP Implementation in Maluku...... 27 Table 12: Status of MSP Implementation in West ...... 28 Table 13: The MTIP assessment grades from 1 (fundamental) to 5 (advanced)...... 50 Table 14: MTIP assessment scores for Lisar Bahari Hotel (LB) and Ora Beach Resort (OB)...... 50 Table 15: Marine Tourism Improvement Program — next steps in Serutbar, from March 2020...... 51 Table 16: Managed Access Areas being supported by SEA Project partner ILMMA in Maluku...... 52 Table 17: Status of Village Regulation development in Bintuni Bay...... 55 Table 18: Example of project references captured and articulated in village regulations, Bintuni Bay, Korano Jaya village...... 56 Table 19: Laws, policies, and associated legal frameworks supported by the USAID SEA Project...... 57 Table 20: List of training activities implemented in the second quarter of FY20 (* = in process of verification) ...... 61 Table 21: POKMASWAS training curricula – three stages...... 63 Table 22: List of innovations to date in the USAID SEA Project...... 64 Table 23: Consultant support for USAID SEA Project active in Q1 & Q2, FY20...... 66 Table 24: List of current funders for marine resource activities in Maluku in addition to USAID...... 67 Table 25: Meetings to support the BAST handover process...... 68 Table 26: Media coverage for USAID SEA Project activities in Q2, 2020...... 71 Table 27: Key content updates and analytics for the USAID SEA Project website...... 73 Table 28: PMI achievements in Q1, 2020 against LOP targets...... 81 Table 29: Key activities impacted by COVID-19 ...... 85

ii | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 List of Figures Figure 1: Progress towards the annual targets in the second quarter of FY20 (January to March)...... xi Gambar 2: Kemajuan target tahunan dalam kuartal kedua Tahun Fiskal 2020 (Januari – Maret)...... xv Figure 3: The core strategic and technical approaches implemented under the USAID SEA Project...... 2 Figure 4: Map of all USAID SEA Project sites in North Maluku, Maluku, and West Papua...... 4 Figure 5: Morphometric cluster analyses for Lutjanus malabaricus and Plectropomus leopardus...... 9 Figure 6: Recommendation for the anchovy fishery management cycle...... 12 Figure 7: Recommendation for the flying fish management cycle...... 13 Figure 8: USAID SEA Project products for MPA and MPA Network design...... 18 Figure 9: Map of MPA sites in the USAID SEA Project portfolio...... 19 Figure 10: Progress through implementing SISWASMAS by the POKMASWAS in three provinces...... 31 Figure 11: Champions proudly show off their uniforms...... 36 Figure 12: The first show on RRI going live...... 37 Figure 13: Geographical distribution of champions across the SEA Project’s three provinces (left); Percent of male and female champions (right)...... 38 Figure 14: Excerpts and examples from the SEA Champions WhatsApp group: Jan–Mar, 2020...... 39 Figure 15: Example of BCC materials this quarter...... 40 Figure 16: A three-step process for FIP development: WWF-Indonesia...... 43 Figure 17: Process steps for the Marine Tourism Improvement Program (MTIP)...... 50 Figure 18: Results of the Carrying Capacity Assessment conducted in Serutbar MPA...... 51 Figure 19: Process steps to achieve traditional community-based fisheries management in Bintuni Bay...... 54 Figure 20: Stages in the formation of Village Regulations as per regulation no. 111/2014...... 55 Figure 21: Training participants by gender (left) and geographical location (right)...... 62 Figure 22: Examples of media articles, Q2, FY20...... 70 Figure 23: USAID SEA Project Facebook posts: [Excerpt] Reach and Engagement...... 72 Figure 24: (Left): Increase in FB page followers @217% Feb–Mar 2020...... 72 Figure 25: Instagram follower increases (est. tracked) in Q2, 2020...... 73 Figure 26: USAID SEA Project monthly ‘News Briefs’ (January to March 2020)...... 74 Figure 27: Talking SEA newsletter, Issue #5...... 74 Figure 28: MPA and MPA Network publications from the USAID SEA Project this quarter...... 75 Figure 29: MPA factsheets for each province produced by the USAID SEA Project this quarter...... 75 Figure 30: Mama Maria (left) in between two male champions has had her voice recorded for jingle and adlips...... 77 Figure 31: MDPI proactively invite women to logbook training...... 77 Figure 32: Mama Yermina expressing her support to WWF-led MPA process...... 78 Figure 33: Participants designing role play...... 78

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | iii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AOI Areas of Interest AP2HI Asosiasi Perikanan Pole & Line dan Handline Indonesia (Indonesian Pole & Line and Handline Fisheries Association) ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations BALITBANGDA Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangun Daerah (Regional Research and Development Agency) BAPPEDA Badan Perencana Pembangunan Daerah (Regional Planning and Development Agency) BASARNAS Badan Search and Rescue Nasional (National Search and Rescue Agency) BAST Berita Acara Serah Terima (Minutes of handover) BCC Behavior Change Communication BMP Best Management Practices BPKP Bukti Pencatatan Kapal Perikanan (Proof of Registration) BPS Badan Pusat Statistik (Indonesian Statistics Bureau) BRPL Balai Riset Perikanan Laut (Office of Marine Fisheries Research) CFA Customary Fisheries Areas CFS Capture Fisheries Standards CI Conservation International COP Chief of Party COVID-19 Coronavirus Disease 2019 CPUE Catch Per Unit Effort CTC Coral Triangle Center DAK Dana Alokasi Khusus (Specific Budget Allocation) DCOP Deputy Chief of Party DDL Data Development Library Diskominfo Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika (Communication, Information, Statistics Agency) DLH Dinas Lingkungan Hidup (Environmental Agency) DKP Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan (Marine and Fisheries Agency) DMP-PTSP Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (Provincial Investment and One Stop Integrated Services) DoI Diffusion of Innovation DQA Data Quality Audit EAFM Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management E-PKKP-3-K Evaluasi Efektivitas Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (National Management Effectiveness Guidelines) ETP Endangered, Threatened or Protected FA Fisher Associations FAD Fish Aggregating Device FCMC Fisheries Co-Management Committees FGD Focus Group Discussion FIP Fishery Improvement Project FKTP2 Forum Koordinasi Tindak Pidana Perikanan (Coordination Forum for Fisheries Crime Handling) FMA Fisheries Management Area FMC Fisheries Management Council FT Fair Trade GIS Geographic Information System GOI Government of Indonesia GPS Global Positioning System Ha Hectares IDR Indonesian Rupiah ILMMA Indonesia Locally Managed Marine Area Foundation

iv | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 IMPD Irian Marine Product Development IRSA Indonesian Regional Science Association KKHL Konservasi dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Laut (Marine Conservation and Biodiversity) KKP3K Kawasan Konservasi Perairan, Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil (Coastal and Small Islands Conservation Management) KKPD Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Daerah (Regional Marine Conservation Area) KLHS Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategi (Strategic Environmental Assessments) KOMNAS Komisi Nasional Pengkajian Sumber Daya Ikan KAJISKAN (National Commission of Stock Assessments) KPA Kawasan Perikanan Adat (Customary Fisheries Areas) KSN Kawasan Strategis Nasional (National Strategic Areas) KSNT Kawasan Strategis Nasional Tertentu (Specific National Strategic Areas) KSOP Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan (Harbormaster Office and Port Authority) LIPI Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (ndonesian Institute of Sciences) LOP Life of Project MDPI Masyarakat dan Perikanan Indonesia (Indonesian Society and Fisheries Foundation) M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MEL Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning MIS Management Information System MMAF Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forestry MoU Memorandum of Understanding MPA Marine protected areas MSP Marine Spatial Planning ne-BDM Non-Equilibrium Biomass Dynamic Model NGO Non-Governmental Organization NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA-OLE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Office of Law Enforcement OSPC Open Standards for The Practice of Conservation PDS Pelagic Data Systems PerDa Peraturan Daerah (Provincial Regulation) PerDes Peraturan Desa (Village Regulation) PerMen Peraturan Menteri (Ministerial Regulation) PKSPL-IPB Pusat Kajian Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan - Institute Pertanian Bogor (Center for Coastal Resources and Marine of Agricultural Institute of Bogor) PLKL Pengelolaan Lokal Kawasan Laut (Locally Managed Marine Area) PLN Perusahaan Listrik Negara (State Electricity Board) PMI Performance Management Indicator POKDARWIS Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Community Tourism Group) Pokja Kelompok Kerja (Working Group) POKMASWAS Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas (Community Surveillance Group) PPP Public–Private Partnerships PSDI Direktorat Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Ikan (Directorate of Fish Resource Management) PSDKP Pengawasan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan (Marine and Fisheries Resources Surveillance) PSM Port State Measures PSMA Port State Measures Agreement PSN Proyek Strategis Nasional (National Strategic Project) PSPL Loka Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Laut (Implementing Unit for Coastal and Marine Management) PT-LII Perseroan Terbatas (limited company) Leadership Islands Indonesia PUSRISKAN Pusat Riset Perikanaan (Fisheries Research Center)

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | v QGIS Quantum Geographic Information System RAPI Radio Antar-Penduduk Indonesia (Indonesian Inter-Resident Radio Organization) RBFM Right-Based Fisheries Management RENSTRA Rencana Strategis (Strategic Plans) RFCI Reef Check Indonesia ROI Return of Investment RPJMD Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (Regional Medium-Term Development Plan) RPP Rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (Management Plan) RPZ Rencana Pengelolaan dan Zonasi (Management and Zoning Plan) RUM Resource Use Monitoring RZWP3-K Rencana Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil (Marine Spatial Planning for Coastal and Small Islands) SA Strategic Approaches SAP Suaka Alam Perairan (Marine Water Reserve) SCW Stakeholder Consultation Workshop SEA Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced SEAFDEC South East Asian Fisheries Development Center SIMKADA Sistem Informasi Izin Kapal Daerah (Vessel Licence Information Systems) SISWASMAS Sistem Pengawasan Berbasis Masyarakat (Community Surveillance Systems) SK Surat Keputusan (Decision Statement) SKKNI Standar Kompetensi Kerja Nasional Indonesia (National Work Competency Standards) SMS Short Message Service SNI Standar Nasional Indonesia (Indonesian National Standard) SOP Standard Operating Procedure SPAG Spawning Aggregation SPK Suaka Pulau Kecil (Small Island Sanctuary) SPR Spawning Potential Ratio STA Supplementary Technical Assistance TA Technical Approaches TBD To be determined TCBFM Traditional Community-Based Fisheries Management TKPRD Tim Koordinasi Penataan Ruang Daerah (Regional Spatial Management Coordination Team) TNC The Nature Conservancy ToT Training-of-Trainers TURF Territorial User Rights for Fisheries TWG Technical Working Group TWP Taman Wisata Perairan (Tourism Marine Park) U.S. The United States UKIP Universitas Kristen Papua (Christian University of Papua) UNIPA Universitas Negeri Papua (Papua University) UNPATTI Universitas Pattimura (University of Pattimura) UoC Unit of Certification UPTD Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah (Technical Implementing Unit) USAID United States Agency for International Development USG US Government VIIRS Visible Infrared Imagining Radiometer Suite WCS Wildlife Conservation Society WCU Wildlife Crime Unit WFD World Fisheries Day WTP Willingness to Pay WWF World Wide Fund for Nature

vi | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The five-year United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project supports the Government of Indonesia (GOI) to improve the governance of fisheries and marine resources, and to conserve biological diversity at local, district, provincial, and national levels. Using an ecosystem-based approach to management and engaging key stakeholders, the USAID SEA Project aims to: (1) enhance the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries management and promoting marine protected areas (MPAs) to enhance fisheries productivity, food security, and sustainable livelihoods within the target areas; and (2) strengthen the leadership role and capacity of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) and local governments to promote marine conservation and sustainable fishing.

The USAID SEA Project is implemented by Tetra Tech and a consortium of 13 implementing partners. The project runs from March 2016 through to March 2021.

PROGRESS OVERVIEW — SECOND QUARTER OF FISCAL YEAR 2020 (JAN. – MAR. 2020)

In this quarter, the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected operations in March. Nonetheless, work progressed overall in accordance with the work plan and target deliverables. Activities under the second strategic approach (‘Improving Ecosystem Management’) remain a central pillar of the project. In summary, the second quarter (Q2) of financial year 2020 (FY20) saw the following key accomplishments:

An Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) A range of webinars supported continued stock assessment work alongside efforts to finalize the genetics study for snapper and grouper species. Harvest strategies advanced for five key fisheries stocks, namely: small pelagics in FMA 715; reef fish in North Maluku; anchovies and flying fish in Raja Ampat, West Papua; and mud crabs in South Sorong. Vessel registration activities continued, with a focus on progressing inventoried vessels to acquiring their relevant registration documents. To date, a total of 1,386 vessels have been inventoried with support from the USAID SEA Project, and as a result of efforts in this quarter, 95 percent have received their documentation. Logbook trials continued in the Tidore area of North Maluku, along with continued trialing of innovative traceability systems (TraceTales and Trafiz). In addition to this, an inventory of fish aggregations devices (FADs) was undertaken in North Seram. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) At the national level, work in the second quarter of FY20 focused on socializing the results of the MPA and MPA Network design materials recently finalized by the USAID SEA Project and adopted by MMAF. The materials, developed to inform/socialize the results, were disseminated via online portals, through field- based staff, and through provincial site visits across key areas in FMA 715. At the site level, 4-step process: RPZ work continued to focus on the finalization of Step 1 RPZ is drafted management and zoning plans (RPZ) for all Step 2 RPZ draft is informally submitted to KKHL for review MPAs in the USAID SEA Project portfolio. Step 3 Revised RPZ final draft is submitted to Provincial Governor This work is following a four-step process. By Step 4 Governor-approved RPZ is submitted to MMAF the end of the quarter, 6 of the 14 MPAs in the portfolio had completed step 3, while the remainder are working to finalize steps 1 and 2.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | vii Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)

At the national level, the USAID SEA Project, working together with MMAF, produced a technical document to inform and guide the development of a ministerial regulation for a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system for MSP. Concurrently, work progressed on the SEANODE Geoportal handover and migration to MMAF (anticipated to be completed by the end of April), as well as the transfer of technical reports and the official ‘minutes of handover’ (Berita Acara Serah Terima – BAST) documents.

Status in Provinces At the provincial level, work continued to 7-step process: Implementing MSP NM MA WP support the implementation1 of each 1 Governor Regulation Issued provinces’ marine spatial plan (Rencana 2 RZWP-3-K Socialized Zonasi Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil - 3 Marine Cadastre System Established RZWP-3-K) through a seven-step process; 4 MEL Policy Established with work in North n o t s t a rt ed 5 Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS) Completed Maluku progressing more 6 Infrastructure and SOP(s) i n pro gres s rapidly than the other 2 7 Compliance and Control system implemented co m pl et ed provinces .

Law Enforcement At the national level, work centered on training module development for community surveillance groups (Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas – POKMASWAS), with the finalization of the Intermediate (Stage 2) curriculum, and the initiation of the Advanced (Stage 3) curriculum. Provincially, work focused on delivering Stage 1 POKMASWAS training (the curriculum was completed in previous quarters) to 52 group members in North Maluku and West Papua. In addition to this, support was provided across all three Status in Provinces* provinces for the effective 5-step process: SISWASMAS implementation of NM MA WP community surveillance POKMASWAS are…. systems (Sistem Pengawasan 1 … active and functional Berbasis Masyarakat – 2 … utilizing the logbook, with data recognized by Head of Village SISWASMAS) following a 3 … integrating patrol data into village data five-step process; with efforts 4 … secure in operational budget in Maluku progressing most 5 … contributing to village program and effective MPA management effectively. * based on select POKMASWAS groups assessed Providing Enabling Conditions for Sustainable Marine and Fisheries Management

Support to promote the enabling conditions necessary to achieve project objectives also advanced this quarter.

1 Full details of the support areas are outlined in the main body of the report. 2 North Maluku is progressing more rapidly than other provinces. In West Papua, the RZWP-3-K has just been finalized and implementation has only recently commenced (while North Maluku finalized in 2019). In Maluku, though the RZWP-3-K was finalized around the same time as North Maluku, the province faced delays to implementation due to dispute and adjustments required related to the Marsela Block in Yamdena Island (south Maluku). viii | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Creating Demand through Awareness Raising and Advocacy

In this quarter, efforts to increase behavior change communication (BCC) activities accelerated as the USAID SEA Project enters its final year. Considerable BCC collaterals and materials were produced and disseminated across SEA target sites, resulting in an estimated exposure to more than 120,000 people in this quarter alone. To date, a total of 502 champions have been identified and engaged by the USAID SEA Project as key influencers and agents of change in their communities. In this quarter, the USAID SEA Project held the sixth “Driving for Action” Champions training in Ambon, Maluku (attended by 38 champions). This brings the total number of champions who have attended such training to 208 (around 41 percent of all champions). Also in this quarter, a further 10 Fora were established through support from the USAID SEA Project, bringing the total number of established fora to 72.

Increasing Incentives for Marine Stewardship

Under the first incentivization workstream (developing markets for sustainable fisheries), work advanced considerably on the Fisheries Improvement Project (FIP) for the shrimp fishery in South Sorong. In this quarter, the MSC pre-assessment was conducted by an MSC assessor, the results of which will guide and inform the FIP action plan development. In parallel, Fair Trade continued to progress in socializing changes in purchasing capacity, premium funds, and preparations for audits. While MDPI’s engagement with USAID SEA will end in June 2020, the support for the Fair Trade activities ended in December 2019 and is now being supported by Coral Triangle Processors (CTP).

Under the second workstream (promoting and developing sustainable marine tourism and alternative livelihood opportunities), considerable progress was made at the national and provincial levels. Nationally, achievements included the production of a sustainable tourism handbook, the drafting of a MMAF Ministerial Regulation on sustainable marine tourism, and an assessment on private sector contributions to marine conservation. In North Maluku, public–private partnerships (PPP) and opportunities for tourism development continue to be explored in Morotai and Widi, in the form of discussions and meetings with government and the private sector. In Morotai, PPP agreements have been made for the installation of buoys in MPAs, and in Widi, private sector responsibilities are being built into the MPA RPZ. In addition to this, the carrying capacity assessment for dive sites in Morotai was completed, and an assessment on the impact of extractive private sector industries in the province was undertaken. Meanwhile, in Maluku, work progressed on the implementation of the Marine Tourism Improvement Project and carrying capacity study in Sawai, and PPP assessments in Lease.

Finally, the third workstream (promoting preferential, managed, and secure access to marine resources) saw several significant accomplishments with the recognition of seven village regulations to secure community tenure through formal decree endorsement. Accomplishments included the formal endorsement of a Joint Village Regulation between seven communities in Dampier Strait, West Papua, and the reflection of locally managed marine areas, with their associated no-take zones, in the spatial planning process for North Seram, Maluku.

Advancing the Development of Marine and Fisheries Policies and Regulations

In this quarter, the number of laws, policies and regulations supported Stages of Statutes by the USAID SEA Project was reviewed and expanded to 24 statutes. Of these, two progressed to ‘Stage 2’ this quarter — the Joint Village 1 Initiated Regulation on Local Fisheries Resource Management in North and 2 Endorsed / Formally Accepted Central Salawati, Raja Ampat, and the PerDa on West Papua RZWP-3- 3 Authorized K (2019–2039). This progress means that five statutes supported by the USAID SEA Project have now reached Stage 2.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | ix Meanwhile, the remaining 19 statutes continue on progress, with considerable support provided to policy processes under the four pillars of the USAID SEA Project (EAFM, MPAs, MSP, and Law Enforcement) as well as Marine and Fisheries Governance.

Institutionalizing Training and Capacity Building

A total of 187 people received trainings in various topics related to MPA management, fish handling, as well as stranded marine mammal management, and champion training this quarter. The majority of training sessions were held in North Maluku. It is noteworthy that nearly one-third of training participants this quarter (28 percent) were women.

In addition to the delivery of training, the USAID SEA Project continued to support the institutionalization of capacity building through: (1) drafting a standard operation procedure (SOP) for Port State Measures (PSM) implementation; (2) drafting a training curriculum for MPA and MPA Network Design Using GIS; (3) finalization of the training curriculum for Stage 2 (Intermediate) POKMASWAS training; and (4) initiation of the Stage 3 (Advanced) POKMASWAS training curriculum.

In terms of innovations, this quarter saw the rollout of pilot studies for the ‘Ocean Eye’ phone application, intended to provide a mechanism for tourists to make contributions to conservation through the sighting of key charismatic species. This brings the total number of innovations supported by the USAID SEA Project to 12, effectively meeting the Life of Project (LoP) target. Project Management

In this reporting period, one new staff member was recruited, bringing the total number of SEA Project Core staff to 46, and the total staffing list (including all subcontractors) to 210. All staff continue to work under a single work plan and project structure. Public exposure to SEA Project messaging was advanced through 26 media publications this quarter, as well as the bi-annual distribution of the ‘Talking SEA’ newsletter (Edition #5) and the monthly USAID ‘SEA News’ Briefs. Coordination and communications in the form of meetings and discussions with SEA government counterparts continue. Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (ME&L)

In this quarter, efforts focused on working with partners to prepare, source, and submit verification documents in line with MEL standards, with 400 claims successfully verified in this reporting period. The USAID SEA Project has 15 key performance management indicators (PMIs) to measure success. Of these PMIs, 12 have achieved (and in many cases surpassed) their LoP targets, as shown in figure 1.

x | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020

Figure 1: Progress towards the annual targets in the second quarter of FY20 (January to March).

RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF

Proyek USAID Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) yang berjangka waktu lima tahun mendukung Pemerintah Indonesia untuk menguatkan tata kelola sumber daya perikanan dan kelautan, serta menguatkan upaya konservasi keanekaragaman hayati di tingkat lokal, kabupaten, provinsi, dan nasional. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan pengelolaan sumber daya alam berbasis ekosistem dan pelibatan pemangku kepentingan yang utama, Proyek USAID SEA bertujuan untuk: (a) menguatkan upaya konservasi dan pemanfaatan berkelanjutan sumber daya kelautan dengan mendorong upaya pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan dan pengelolaan efektif dari kawasan konservasi perairan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas perikanan, ketahanan pangan, dan mata pencaharian berkelanjutan di wilayah target; (b) menguatkan peran kepemimpinan dan kapasitas Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan serta Pemerintah Daerah dalam mendorong upaya konservasi laut dan perikanan yang berkelanjutan.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | xi Proyek USAID SEA dilaksanakan oleh Tetra Tech dan konsortium yang terdiri dari 13 mitra. Proyek ini dimulai pada bulan Maret 2016 dan akan berakhir pada bulan Maret 2021.

RISALAH KEMAJUAN PEKERJAAN — KUARTAL KEDUA TAHUN FISKAL 2020 (JAN – MAR 2020)

Pada kuartal ini, wabah pandemic virus corona 2019 (COVID-19) berpengaruh pada kegiatan operasional Proyek SEA. Meskipun demikian, secara umum kemajuan proyek sejalan dengan yang ditetapkan dalam rencana kerja dan target capaian. Kegiatan dalam Pendekatan Strategis kedua (SA20- Menguatkan Pengelolaan Ekosistem) tetap menjadi pilar utama Proyek USAID SEA. Capaian utama Proyek USAID SEA di kuartal kedua di tahun fiskal 2020 (FY20) ini, disampaikan sebagai berikut:

Perikanan yang Berkelanjutan Serangkaian webinar dilakukan dalam mendukung kegiatan pengkajian stok ikan sejalan dengan upaya finalisasi kajian genetik bagi spesies kakap dan kerapu. Strategi pemanfaatan perikanan (harvest strategies) mengalami kemajuan untuk lima stok perikanan, yaitu: pelagis kecil di WPP 715, perikanan karang di Provinsi Maluku Utara, perikanan teri di Raja Ampat, dan kepiting bakau di Sorong Selatan, kedua terakhir ini di Provinsi Papua Barat. Kegiatan pendaftaran kapal terus berlanjut dengan fokus pada upaya pelengkapan dokumen pendaftaran kapal. Hingga saat ini, 1,386 kapal telah diinventarisasi dengan dukungan Proyek USAID SEA, dan 95 persennya telah memiliki dokumen pendaftaran kapal. Uji coba logbook untuk perikanan skala kecil terus berlanjut di wilayah Tidore, Maluku Utara, sejalan dengan kegiatan uji coba inovasi sistem ketertelusuran (traceablity) untuk aplikasi TraceTales dan Trafiz. Selain itu kegiatan inventarisasi rumpon di Seram Utara dilakukan. Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di tingkat nasional, kegiatan kuartal kedua tahun fiskal 2020 berfokus pada kegiatan sosialisasi hasil dan materi perancangan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan dan Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perarian yang baru saja diselesaikan oleh Proyek USAID SEA. Materi ini disebarluaskan melalui portal-portal daring, melalui staf lapagan, dan melalui kunjungan ke provinsi di WPP 715. Di tingkat lokasi kegiatan, kegiatan terus berlanjut dan berfokus pada finalisasi rencana pengelolaan dan rencana zonasi (RPZ) untuk seluruh KKP di dalam portofolio Proyek USAID SEA. Proses kegiatan finalisasi RPZ mengikuti proses empat 4 tahap proses: RPZ tahap seperti dalam tabel. Di akhir kuartal ini, Tahap 1 Draft RPZ tersusun enam dari 14 KKP dalam portofolio Proyek ini Tahap 2 Draft RPZ disampaikan secara informal ke KKHL untuk diperiksa telah mencapai tahap 3, dan selebihnya masih Tahap 3 Draft final Revisi RPZ disampaikan ke Gubernur dalam proses finalisasi tahap 1 dan 2. Tahap 4 RPZ yang disetujui Gubernur disampaikan ke KemenKP Penataan Ruang Laut Status di Provinsi Di tingkat nasional, upaya dipusatkan untuk 7 Tahap Implementasi RZWP-3-K penguatan sistem monev bagi tata ruang laut MU MA PB nasional Degnan memproduksi dokumen 1 Peraturan Gubernur diterbitkan teknis yang membantu dan mengawal 2 RZWP-3-K disosialisasikan pengembangan peraturan menteri terkait 3 Sistem Kadaster laut dibangun dengan monev tata ruang laut. Sejalan 4 Kebijakan Monev dibuat dengan itu, Geoportal SEANODE diserah 5 KLHS Selesai/tersedia terimakan dan di migrasikan ke Kemen KP 6 Iinfrastruktur dan SOP tersedia (diantisipasi selesai pada akhir April 2020), 7 Sistem pentaatan dan pengendalian dilaksanakan selain serah terima laporan teknis dan belum dilaksanakan dokumen lain yang tertera pada Berita Acara Serah Terima. Di tingkat provinsi, kegiatan sedang dilaksanakan berlanjut pada implementasi RZWP-3-K di masing masih provinsi, melalui proses 7 langkah. Kemajuan kegiatan di Maluku Utara lebih cepat dibandingkan dua provinsi telah dilaksanakan lainnya.

xii | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Penegakan Hukum Di tingkat nasional, kegiatan berpusat dalam pengembangan modul pelatihan bagi POKMASWAS, yang mencakup finalisasi kurikulum tingkat menengah (Tingkat 2), dan pengembangan awal kurikulum tingkat lanjut (Tingkat 3). Di tingkat provinsi kegiatan difokuskan pada Status di Provinsi* pelatihan POKMASWAS tingkat awal 5 Langkah Proses SISMASWAS (Tingkat 1), yang kurikulumnya diselesaikan MU MA PB pada kuartal yang lalu, yang diberikan kepada POKMASWAS : 52 anggota POKMASWAS di Maluku Utara 1 Aktif dan fungsional dan Papua Barat. Selain itu, dukungan terus 2 Menggunakan logbook dan datanya diakui oleh diberikan untuk penguatan dalam 3 Mengintegrasikan data patroli ke dalam data implementasi yang efektif bagi Sistem 4 Memiliki anggaran dana operasional Pengawasan Berbasis Masyarakat – Berkontribusi pada progam kampung/desa dan 5 SISWASMAS di tiga provinsi. Kegiatan ini pengelolaan KKP yang efektif… mengikuti proses lima langkah dan Maluku * berdasarkan pada POKMASWAS yang terpilih dan dikaji merupakan provinsi yang kemajuannya paling efektif. Kondisi Pemungkin bagi Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Kelautan dan Perikanan Dukungan yang mendorong kondisi pemungkin yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan proyek, juga mengalami kemajuan yang cukup baik pada kuartal ini.

Menciptakan Publik yang Berdaya melalui Penyadartahuan dan Advokasi

Dalam kuartal ini, kegiatan terkait dengan komunikasi untuk perubahan perilaku (behavior change communication –BCC) ditingkatkan karena Proyek USAID SEA memasuki tahun terakhirnya. Sejumlah materi BCC diproduksi dan disebarkan di lokasi-lokasi Proyek. Diperkirakan, 120,000 orang terpapar pesan Proyek di kuartal ini. Hingga saat ini, 502 champion teridentifikasi dan terlibat dalam kegiatan Proyek USAID SEA sebagai tokoh yang berpengaruh (influencer) dan menjadi agen perubahan dalam masyarakatnya. Pada kuartal ini, Proyek USAID SEA melaksanakan pelatihan champion “Driving for Action” yang ke enam di Ambon, Maluku dengan peserta sejumlah 38 orang. Dengan demikian, jumlah champion yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan tersebut mencapai 208 orang (41 persen dari jumlah champion yang teridentifikasi). Selain itu, 10 forum baru telah terbentuk sehingga total forum yang ada dengan dukungan Proyek USAID SEA mencapai 72.

Meningkatkan Insenftif bagi Pemanfaatkan Laut

Dalam alur kerja pengembangan pasar untuk perikanan, kemajuan pesat terlihat dalam kegiatan Fisheries Improvement Project (FIP) untuk perikaan udang di Sorong Selatan. Dalam kuartal ini, pra-kajian MSC (MSC pre-assessment) dilaksanakan oleh asesor MCS. Hasil pra-kajian ini akan menjadi acuan dan mengarahkan pengembangan rencana aksi FIP.

Dalam alur kerja penguatan dan pengembangan pariwisata bahari berkelanjutan dan peluang matapencaharian alternative, kemajuan dirasakan di tingkat nasional dan provinsi.

Di tingkat nasional, proses penulisan dan produksi buku saku untuk kegiatan pariwisata bahari yang berkelanjutan, penulisan draft peraturan menteri Kemen KP tentang pariwisata bahari berkelanjutan, dan pengkajian kontribusi sektor swasta dalam upaya konservasi sumber daya kelautan, menjadi capaian utama pada kuartal ini.

Di Maluku Utara, kemitraan publik dan swasta (PPP) serta peluang pengembangan kegiatan pariwisata dijajagi di Morotai dan Widi. Di Widi, tanggung jawab sektor swasta kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam RPZ KKP

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | xiii Kepulauan Widi. Selain itu, kajian daya dukung lokasi penyelaman di Morotai selesai dilaksanakan dan laporannya telah siap, di samping kajian dampak industry ekstraktif sektor swasta di provinsi ini juga dilaksanakan. Sementara di Maluku, inisiatif Marine Tourism Improvement Project dan studi daya dukung kegiatan di Sawai, dan PPP di Lease berjalan dengan kemajuan yang baik.

Alur kerja ketiga, atau menguatkan akses kepada pengelolaan sumber daya laut yang aman dan terarah, mengalami kemajuan yang signifikan dengan diakuinya peraturan kampung untuk mengamankan kepemilikan masyarakat dengan keputusan formal dari pemerintah. Capaian ini mencakup pengakuan formal dari Peraturan Bersama Desa untuk masyarakat tujuh kampung di Selat Dampier, Papua Barat. Selain itu, wilayah laut yang dikelola secara lokal, termasuk zona larang ambilnya, tertera dalam proses perencanaan ruang di Seram Utara, Maluku.

Memajukan Pengembangan Kebijakan dan Peraturan Kelautan dan Perikanan

Dalam kuartal ini, jumlah undang-undang, kebijakan, dan peraturan yang didukung pengembangannya oleh Proyek USAID SEA dikajiulang dan diperluas menjadi 24 keputusan. Dari ke-24 kebijakan ini, dua di antaranya maju ke Tahap 2 dalam tahap ini: Peraturan Bersama Desa untuk Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan Adat di Salawati Utara dan Tengah, Kabupaten Raja Ampat, dan Peraturan Daerah tentang RZWP-3-K Papua Barat (2019 – 2039). Dengan demikian, lima kebijakan yag didukung Proyek USAID SEA berada dalam Tahap 2.

Sementara itu 19 kebijakan lainnya terus berlanjut prosesnya sejalan Tahapan kebijakan dengan dukungan proses kebijakan dari empat pilar Proyek USAID SEA 1 Inisiasi (EAFM, KKP, TRL, dan Penegakan Hukum), selain juga Tata Kelola 2 Didukung/diterima secara formal Kelautan dan Pesisir. 3 Disahkan

Melembagakan Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Kapasitas

Pada kuartal ini sebanyak 187 orang menerima pelatihan yang sebagian besar dilaksanakan di Maluku Utara. Dari 187 orang yang dilatih, hampir sepertiganya (28 persen) adalah perempuan.

Selain penyelenggaraan pelatihan, Proyek USAID SEA terus mendukung proses pelembagaan pengembangan kapasitas melalui: (1) penyusunan SOP untuk pelaksanaan prosedur Port State Measure (PSM); (2) penyusunan kurikulum perancangan KKP dan Jaringan KKP menggunakan SIG; (3) finalisasi kurikulum pelatihan POKMASWAS Tingkat 2 (Menengah); dan (4) dimulainya proses penyusunan kurikulum pelatihan POKMASWAS Tingkat 3 (Tahap Ahli).

Dalam konteks kegiatan terkait dengan inovasi, kuartal ini dimulai kegiatan uji coba aplikasi ‘Ocean Eye.’ Aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan mekanisme bagi wisatawan untuk berkontribusi secara finansial kepada upaya konservasi, saat mereka melihat spesies karismatik. Inovasi ini menambah jumlah inovasi yang didukung oleh Proyek USAID SEA menjadi 12, dan dengan demikian mencapai target kurun waktu proyek (Life of Project –LoP). Manajemen Proyek Dalam periode pelaporan ini, seorang staf direkrut sehingga staf inti (core) Proyek SEA mencapai 46 orang, sementara jumlah keseluruhan (termasuk seluruh staf subkontraktor/mitra SEA) mencapai 210 orang. Seluruh staff terus bekerja berdasarkan rencana kerja dan struktur proyek tunggal. Paparan publik terhadap pesan- pesan SEA Project dilaksanakan melalui 26 publikasi di media, selain distribusi dari newsletter 6 bulanan (Talking SEA Edisi No. 5) dan USAID ‘SEA News Briefs’ yang berisi berita singkat bulanan tentang kegiatan Proyek SEA.

xiv | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Pemantauan, Evaluasi dan Pembelajaran (MEL) Dalam kuartal ini, kegiatan tim ME&L bersama para mitra difokuskan pada persiapan, penelusuran sumber, dan pemasukan dokumen verifikasi sejalan dengan standard ME&L Proyek USAID SEA. 400 capaian berhasil diverifikasi dalam periode ini. Proyek USAID SEA memiliki 15 indikator pengelolaan kinerja untuk mengukur capaian proyek. Dari 15 indikator 12 telah mencapai target yang ditetapkan (beberapa melebihi target tersebut), seperti yang tersaji dalam gambar 2.

Gambar 2: Kemajuan target tahunan dalam kuartal kedua Tahun Fiskal 2020 (Januari – Maret).

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | xv

SECTION 1. USAID SEA PROJECT OVERVIEW

The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) Project aims to improve fisheries productivity, food security, and sustainable livelihoods through supporting the implementation of an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) within Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 715 and several adjacent strategic sites. The primary focus of the project is site-based interventions, but efforts also focus on strengthening the leadership role of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), and the Government of Indonesia’s (GOI) commitment to sustainable fisheries and effective MPA management. The project runs from March 2016 to March 2021.

OBJECTIVES AND KEY RESULTS The USAID SEA Project aims to:

• Support enhanced conservation and the sustainable use of marine resources by reforming fisheries management and promoting MPAs to improve fisheries productivity, food security, and sustainable livelihoods within the target areas; and • Support the strengthening of the leadership role and capacity of the MMAF and local governments to promote conservation and sustainable fishing. At the end of five years, USAID’s assistance will have improved the conservation and management of Indonesia’s marine biodiversity through increased capacity and the application of marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management. Specifically, the project supports USAID’s Biodiversity Conservation earmark, Feed the Future initiative, and Executive Order and National Strategy on Combating Wildlife Trafficking. High-level results that must be achieved by the completion of the project include:

• At least six million hectares in the target FMA or sub-FMA under improved fisheries management as a result of US Government (USG) assistance, measured through the MMAF EAFM and the MPA Effectiveness Index scores (or other approved national or international standards), disaggregated by national, provincial, and district jurisdiction, and by whether the managed area is within or outside MPAs; • At least six policies, laws, regulations, and / or operational protocols in support of marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management created, strengthened, promulgated, and / or enforced at all levels; and • Key drivers and highest-rated pressures to marine biodiversity on a declining trend in the target areas. The project is being implemented through five core strategic approaches (SA), four key technical approaches (TA), and with management and cross-cutting support.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 1

Figure 3: The core strategic and technical approaches implemented under the USAID SEA Project.

The project is implemented by Tetra Tech and a consortium of 13 partners, of which four are long-term (life of project), three had extensions issued beyond original contract term, and six finalized their deliverables in the last financial year (see table 1).

Table 1: USAID SEA Project subcontractors, updated end of FY19. End date: World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF-Indonesia) Jan 2021 Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Jan 2021 Long-term Subcontractors Coral Triangle Center (CTC) Jan 2021 Marine Change Dec 2020

RARE (extension issued) Sept 30 2020 Indonesia Locally Managed Marine Area Foundation Sept 30 2020 Extension Issued (ILMMA) (no cost extension issued) Yayasan Masyarakat dan Perikanan Indonesia (MDPI) (in Jun 30 2020 process)

Reef Check Indonesia (RFCI) Jun 2019–closed The Nature Conservancy (TNC) Sept 2019–closed Asosiasi Perikanan Pole & Line dan Handline Indonesia Jun 2019–closed Subcontracting Term (AP2HI) Completed Universitas Kristen Papua (UKIP) Jul 2019–closed Universitas Negeri Papua (UNIPA) Aug 2019–closed Conservation International (CI) Sept 2019–closed

Overall the project continues to support sustainable fisheries initiatives in 15 target areas, as well as 14 MPA sites — see table 2 and figure 4.

2 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 2: Full list of USAID SEA Project sites (end of Q3, FY19).

PROJECT SITE- IMPLEMENTING DISTRICT SITE NAME ACTIVITY ID PARTNER NORTH MALUKU Morotai 112 Galo Galo / Kolorai / Daruba WCS / AP2HI 131 Dufa-Dufa / Bastiong WWF / WCS / AP2HI Guraping / Goto / Soasio / Galala /Tuguiha / Tidore Islands 123 WCS / WWF Kayasa Fisheries Central 152 / Fidi WWF / WCS Halmahera 143 / Madapolo / Lelei / Laluin / Talimau WCS / MDPI South Halmahera 171 North Obi / Bisa Island / Madapolo / Waringin MDPI Sula Islands 162 Sanana MDPI WCS / Marine Change Morotai 111 Morotai / Reef Check WCS / Marine Change Tidore Islands 121 Mare Island / Reef Check MPA 142 Guraici WCS South Halmahera 141 Widi Island WCS 143 / Moti Islands WCS Sula Islands 161 Sula / Lifmatola / Sanana CTC MALUKU Huamual Belakang / Buano (North Buano & 222 WWF / ILMMA West Seram Kasuari) 223 Kawa WWF North Seram / Parigi / Gale-Gale / Labuhan / Sawai MDPI / WWF / Fisheries 212 Central Maluku / Aketernate / Kobisadar ILMMA 241 Ambon / Tulehu / Tawiri AP2HI 232 Bula MDPI East Seram 232 Grogos & Gorom Islands WWF West Seram 221 Buano (North Buano & South Buano) CTC 211 Sawai WWF MPA Central Maluku 243 Lease CTC 212 Ay & Rhun CTC East Seram 231 Koon-Neiden WWF WEST PAPUA Sorong 321 Klademak Pantai WWF 332 Konda / Wamargege WWF South Sorong 333 Inanwatan / Mugibi & Mate WWF 334 Teminabuan / Ampera & Sayolo WWF Babo / Manimeri / Aroba / Tahiti / Banjar Ausoy / Fisheries Bintuni 342 WWF Kampung Nelayan / Sayolo Fakfak 352 Fakfak UNIPA 313 South Misool UKIP Raja Ampat 311 Mayalibit Bay RARE 312 Dampier Strait / Kabui RARE / UKIP South Sorong 331 South Sorong WWF Bintuni Bay 341 Bintuni Bay WWF MPA Fakfak 351 Berau Bay CI Fakfak 351 Nusalasi Van den Bosch CI

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 3

Figure 4: Map of all USAID SEA Project sites in North Maluku, Maluku, and West Papua.

4 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 COVID-19. The USAID SEA Project, like many programs and institutions worldwide, has been closely following recommended protocols from the World Health Organization (WHO) in response to the current COVID-19 pandemic. In order to ensure the health and safety of USAID SEA Project staff, partners and stakeholders, a contingency plan was developed on 25 March outlining adjustments to working processes as follows:

• Remote working. • Limit / ban on international travel. • Limit on domestic travel. • Information provision to all staff team and partners on COVID-19 related issues (available facilities, testing, and status in key sites) • Improved sanitation advisory (as per WHO protocols). • Systems for reporting infections. Full details of the USAID SEA Project contingency plan as per 25 March are provided in Appendix Three.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 5 SECTION 2. TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR IMPROVED FISHERIES MANAGEMENT

Within this strategic approach, the USAID SEA Project is implementing four technical approaches at the national, regional, provincial, and local levels. Each of these approaches has distinct support teams and activities, and each has their own national and local / provincial counterparts. The four TAs that support this strategic approach are:

• TA1: An Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management • TA2: Marine Protected Areas • TA3: Marine Spatial Planning • TA4: Law Enforcement

TECHNICAL APPROACH 1: AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT

Efforts under this TA in the second quarter of FY20 continued to actively engage the relevant government agencies in Indonesia, at both the national and provincial levels, to ensure EAFM mechanisms are appropriately and vertically integrated across agencies, and to promote ownership and leadership of fisheries management. Key activities are described below.

STOCK ASSESSMENTS Work this quarter focused on refining stock assessment analytical processes in order to eliminate bias in the development of four harvest strategies for reef fish, small-pelagic, anchovy and flying fish. Key activities included the following.

Stock Assessment Workshop. Held January 22–24, this workshop was attended by 24 participants from BRPL, WCS, TNC, and USAID SEA Project. The workshop revisited the reef fish stock assessment, incorporating both the USAID SEA data on coastal reef fish from small-scale fishers and the TNC data from fishers with larger boats operating on deeper slopes. This resulted in improved findings to inform and guide harvest strategy development, as well as recommended systems and stakeholder engagement for managing and monitoring harvest strategy implementation, as shown in table 3.

USAID SEA – NOAA webinars on stock assessment, to continue building the capacities of partners. Led by experts from the U.S National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the USAID SEA Project facilitated the following webinars:

• Webinar on National level stock assessments (January 20). Attended by SEA core, WWF, RARE, UKIP, WCS, and BRPL. The session included a presentation from BRPL researchers on the results of stock assessments for six snapper species, followed by insights and feedback from NOAA expert team (recognizing some large discrepancies between status estimates from the deterministic and stochastic models, possibly caused by life-history parameter mismatches, worthy of further exploration and refinement).

6 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 • Webinar series on West Papua anchovy and flying fish strategies (held across March 6, 10, 13, 17 and 20). This series explored the analysis and refinements made to spawning potential ratio (SPR) assessments (for anchovy) and biomass indexes (for flying fish), led by consultants Stephanus Mandagi and Paul Boli. The sessions discussed the interpretation of the results into objectives and indicators for managing the fisheries focusing on local access to resources, ensuring optimal benefit to local fisheries, and management cycles (further outlined in the following section on harvest strategies).

Table 3: Recommendation for management and monitoring of reef fish harvest strategy implementation.

INSTITUTION Academics Universities With fisheries schools BRPL-KKP NGO (WCS, TNC, SEA) Balitbangda (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah) Stakeholders Province DKP Directorate generals, MMAF Fishing companies and private sector representatives METHODOLOGY Data Biology Size composition Reproduction Fisheries Catch by vessel / CPUE Fishing ground Fishing fleets Fishing gears Logistics Model and data LB-SPR analyses (data LB-HCR limited) MONITORING KKP (Dirjen Teknis) – LSM – Balitbangda EVALUATION Management Regulation / policy

Genetic study. This is a study to understand the genetic structure of grouper and red snapper stocks in FMA 715 waters. In this quarter, the BRPL team continued work to finalize the DNA sequencing and morphometric analysis of the data collected, and carried out further analysis to assess the extent of statistically significant differences in genetic data collected from the six sample areas3. Key discussions about this data and resultant findings were as follows:

• Focus group discussion on genetic and morphometric characteristics for fish stock delineation (24–25 February 2020). Attended by BRPL researchers, the Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture (BRPBAT), Senior genetics researchers, and USAID SEA Core Fisheries team. Review of the methodology and results to date in this meeting lead to the following conclusions: 1. There is no significant difference amongst samples from various locations in FMA 715. 2. There is a significant difference between samples from FMA 715 and those from FMA 714 and 716.

3 The six sample areas were: FMA 714 (sea waters around Bau-bau), FMA 715 (Tomini Bay, sea waters around Halmahera and Raja Ampat / Sorong), FMA 716 (Tarakan), and FMA 717 (sea waters around Biak / Manokwari).

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 7 The results aimed to delineate the stock of reef fish species, especially red snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) and grouper (Plectropomus leopardus), to inform the stock boundary and management units of the fisheries management plan for FMA 715. While the results within FMA 715 were found to be not significantly different, the genetics experts present at the meeting suggested this does not necessarily indicate one group stock, and recommended follow up microsatellite analysis to provide better resolution on the genetic structure. Further refinement of the morphometric analysis was recommended, using ‘relative’ rather than ‘absolute’ fish size comparisons.

Nonetheless, it was recognized that the home ranges of these species fall within provincial government authority waters (with the vertical distribution of snapper and grouper fish species being a maximum of 400 meters depth [ref: www.fishbase.org] and the species considered non- migratory).Therefore, for the USAID SEA Project target area of sea waters surrounding Halmahera Island (that is deeper than 600 meters), and with the slow-growth characteristics of the species, it is proposed the stock be managed under the North Maluku provincial authority.

• Follow-up workshop on Genetic Study and Morphometric Analysis for stock delineation (March 4). This was a national level technical consultation attended by researchers from outside PUSRISKAN including representatives from LIPI, KOMNASKAJISKAN, and DGCF. In this meeting, BRPL researchers presented the results of their re-analyzed morphometric and genetic analysis to indicate distance or closeness amongst samples. In addition to this, a cluster analysis was presented showing a lack of significant difference in morphometric variables across the six sample sites (figure 5) below. The graph shows that the cluster analysis indicates a lack of significant difference. However, the genetics experts present at the workshop emphasized that this does not necessarily indicate the reef species fall under one stock and suggest the management unit is appropriate under the provincial government.

8 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020

Figure 5: Morphometric cluster analyses for Lutjanus malabaricus and Plectropomus leopardus.

HARVEST STRATEGIES Of the seven harvest strategies being developed through support from the USAID SEA Project (as shown in table 4), work this quarter focused on the strategies for:

• Small Pelagics, FMA 715. • Flying Fish, Fakfak, West Papua. • Reef Fish, North Maluku. • Mud crabs, South Sorong, West Papua. • Anchovies, Raja Ampat, West Papua.

Small Pelagic Harvest Strategy for FMA 715

This harvest strategy for mackerel scad (Decapterus macarelus) is being developed at FMA-scale due to the wide geography of the species and the movement of stocks across the provinces. The harvest strategy is being developed based on the analysis of production data (goverment data) and primary data gathered through catch monitoring collected by USAID SEA Project enumerators (WWF and BRPL) and stored at e-BRPL. The Biomass Dynamic Model and Length-Based SPR model are used in the analyses of the secondary and primary data. As a part of this harvest strategy’s development it is important to examine the economic elements of this fishery, including: an estimation of the economic benefits of improving fishery management, and an estimation of the break-even price for small pelagic fish caught in FMA 715.

In this quarter, the results of the economic survey conducted by enumerators from WWF-Indonesia and WCS began to be analyzed by the USAID SEA Core team to determine: (1) the costs and revenues associated with different fishing gears used in this fishery; (2) the estimated benefits to be gained from management measures; and (3) the identification of alternative reference points based on optimum economic variables. It is expected that the analyses will be completed and disseminated to fisheries managers and MMAF researchers in the next quarter.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 9 Table 4: Target fishery areas with USAID SEA Project support.

Fishery Area (ha) Description

Based on the distribution / migration of small Small Pelagics, FMA 21,786,624 pelagic species in the area between the Weber 715. Line and Lydekker Line.

Reef Fish, North Based on the area covered by coral reef around 41,600 Maluku. Halmahera Island.

Based on the area covered by coral reef around Reef Fish, Maluku. 33,800 .

Anchovies, Raja Based on the fishing ground of anchovy in South 75,593 Ampat, West Papua. Misool.

Flying Fish, Fakfak, 638,798 Based on the fishing grounds of the flying fish. West Papua.

404,921 Prawn & Mud Crab, Based on the areas allocated for MPAs / South Sorong & (338,000 in traditional fishing management areas at these South Sorong; Bintuni, West Papua. sites. 66,921 in Bintuni)

Multi-species TURFs, Based on the combined TURF+ Reserve areas in Raja Ampat, West 261,156 Raja Ampat. Papua.

Reef Fish Harvest Strategy for North Maluku Province

This harvest strategy is being developed at the provincial scale for grouper and snapper species. This harvest strategy is developed using secondary data collected through catch monitoring by WCS enumerators under USAID SEA. The data is stored at the e-BRPL as well as the WCS e-database. Length-based SPR is deployed in the analysis of stock assessment jointly done by USAID SEA Project and BRPL researchers. In the last quarter the draft Harvest Strategy was submitted to the Head of DKP North Maluku. In this quarter, key activities were as follows:

• Workshop on Fisheries Management Plan for Reef Fish Species in North Maluku (February 26–28). This workshop was considered an ‘internal technical meeting’ between PUSRISKAN and BRPL researchers (as the leading scientific team) and the USAID SEA project

10 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 (including partners WCS and WWF). The workshop aimed to: (1) review the draft management plan (Harvest Strategy); and (2) discuss and explore improvements to the plan (particularly indicators, reference points, and the fishery monitoring strategy and assessment procedures). The workshop resulted in agreement to use a 20% SPR as the ‘limit reference point’ and 30% SPR as the ‘target reference point’. The participants also made some recommended small adjustments to the technical content and outline structure of the plan for improved presentation.

• National level technical review meeting (March 4), was held as a follow up to the above workshop, to share and gather input from wider stakeholders, including representatives from DGCF, LIPI, and KOMNASKAJISKAN. Key outputs from this meeting were: • Agreement that reef fish are not migratory. • Recognition that the draft Harvest Strategy is of good quality and sufficiently comprehensive to be used as the scientific basis to manage this fishery. • Agreement that the implementation of the strategy can be managed by North Maluku Province, including budgeting that will be coordinated with the National Government. • Agreement that the strategy will be enacted through Governor Decree and will require the production of associated documentation (Norma, Standar, Prosedur dan Kriteria – NSPK) before implementing.

Anchovy Management Plan in Raja Ampat, West Papua

This strategy is focused geographically in two key areas of Raja Ampat: Kabui Bay and South Misool. These areas are vital anchovy fishing grounds facing heavy exploitation levels and unsustainable extraction rates, with lift-net operators from outside of the region (andon) active in the area. In this quarter, work progressed to finalize the anchovy management plan through consultant support from Stephanus Mandagi and Paul Boli, with technical support provided by Dr. Jason Cope and Dr. Josh Jowlish from NOAA. The anchovy management plan is developed using primary data collected by USAID SEA Project through UKIP and stored at e-BRPL. Length-based SPR is used in the analysis to determine the fish stock status.

Review of the management plan revealed a need to better identify the SPR target for the fishery. The current SPR values indicated in the plan (40% to 70%) are far greater than those recommended to sustain stock (20%), while traditional village catch targets would not be met under adjusted figures. This suggests an iterative approach is required to SPR value adjustments alongside cyclical monitoring and management systems as shown in figure 6.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 11

Figure 6: Recommendation for the anchovy fishery management cycle.

Flying Fish Management Plan in Fakfak, West Papua

This strategy is focused on flying fish roe (egg) harvesting in the Fakfak region of West Papua. This region is heavily exploited for roe, with fishers from as far as Makassar and wider regions active in the area. This led to a crash in harvests in 2016 (a 300 percent decrease in yield compared to the previous year), indicating urgent measures were required to restore and maintain the fishery for local productivity, economy and ecological integrity. The management plan for flying fish is developed using roe production data collected by and stored at the FakFak Fisheries Office. The Biomass Dynamic Model is used in the stock assessment. In this quarter, work progressed to finalize the flying fish management plan through consultant support from Dr. Paul Boli, with technical support provided by Dr. Jason Cope and Dr. Josh Jowlish from NOAA.

The primary objective of the plan is to define the level of sustainable fishing effort (number of vessels) to be recommended to the West Papua Government, that will in turn determine the effort-share between local fishers and migrating fishers from South Sulawesi (andon).

In this quarter, review of the data supporting the plan using a ‘Surplus biomass production model with catch data’ revealed that the current Biomass (B) of catch is about approximately 60% of K (carrying capacity), meaning that the levels of effort are currently approximately twice the level that can be sustained (estimated to be 30% of K). It was noted however that the B_current estimates may be too high because of aggregation (and CPUE standardization would increase levels of confidence in the data, which is recommended for further analysis). There is also a need to identify the B_target that should be higher than B_current. Recommendations using different scenarios of Fmsy were identified to support this analysis that will be further consulted to the stakeholders in the next quarter (as shown in table 5). In addition to this, management cycle recommendations were proposed, as shown in figure 7.

12 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020

Table 5: Recommendations for the flying fish harvest strategy based on differing scenarios of Fmsy.

Target Target catch % Fmsy # boats B/K (roe in Kg) 100 973 0.30 352,600 90 876 0.33 351,200 80 779 0.37 346,700 70 681 0.41 338,200 60 584 0.46 324,600

Figure 7: Recommendation for the flying fish management cycle.

Mud Crab and Prawn Management Plan in South Sorong and Bintuni, West Papua

Utilizing a Right-Based Fisheries Management (RBFM) model, work is underway in South Sorong and Bintuni to develop fishery management plans for both mud crabs and prawn fisheries in the region.

In this quarter, work focused on the mud crab fishery. On February 20 a stakeholder consultation and review meeting was held to assess the fisheries EAFM status, using the indicator modules as prepared by the National EAFM working group and MMAF Directorate of Fishery Resources. The EAFM status will be used in recognizing and prioritizing issues, and identifying operational objectives for the fisheries management plans. This meeting was the culmination of considerable work undertaken to date to assess EAFM status, including a desk-based review, data collection, and data analysis. The meeting was attended by 22 participants, including representatives from: EAFM Learning Center of Christian Papua University, EAFM Learning Center of Muhammadiyah University in Sorong, Loka of Coastal and Marine Resources Management in Sorong, DKP West Papua, Fisheries Agency of Teluk Bintuni District, Fish Quarantine and Fishery Product Quality Control Station in Sorong-Manokwari working area, community Adat leaders, mud crab middleman, fishermen, and WWF-Indonesia.

Results of each domain assessed are as shown in table 6.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 13 Table 6: Composite and aggregate EAFM values of the mud crab fishery of Bintuni Bay.

Domain Composite Value Description Mud Crab Resources 78 Good Habitat and Ecosystem 72 Good Fishing Technique 92 Very Good Social 78 Good Economic 92 Very Good Institutional 71 Good AGGREGATE 80 Good

Key talking points from this meeting were also documented, and include:

• Agreement on the need to develop regulations regarding the management of mud crabs accommodating the EAFM status and the development of an associated action plan (harvest strategy) for mud crabs in Bintuni Bay. • Agreement on reactivating community-based surveillance groups (POKMASWAS) in Bintuni Bay. • Agreement on the need for focus group discussions (FGDs) / stakeholder consultations to address licensing issues and any other problematic issues related to the handling of mud crabs. • Recognition that it is necessary to diversify the processing of mud crabs to increase their economic value.

It was also noted that some form of legal umbrella would need to be established for fisheries management in West Papua, within which the mud crab harvest strategy can be incorporated, recognized, and supported. In addition to this, given the large scale of and multiple stakeholders involved in this fishery it will be important to have clear communication and awareness raising activities in place for successful implementation of the strategy once complete.

It is anticipated that the final report on this fishery will be available by the next quarter to guide and inform harvest strategy development.

DEVELOPING & STRENGTHENING FISHERIES GOVERNANCE Governance support this quarter focused on the Maluku Tuna Fisheries Co-Management Committee (FCMC), for which a meeting was held on January 23, hosted by DKP Maluku. At this meeting, six champions from tuna suppliers attended (one from each key location: Morotai, Ternate, Bacan, Bisa, Sanana, and Seram), to share their perspectives on tuna management under provincial leadership. The meeting also resulted in the Head of the FCMC approving and signing the tuna fisheries management guidelines as agreed in the previous quarter. These guidelines were developed for Maluku by the FCMC and will be used by the Local Fisheries Managers and steakholders in guiding tuna fisheries management practices.

FISHING EFFORT MONITORING Work has continued exploring other aspects of fishing effort necessary for the design and implementation of effective management interventions.

14 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Fish Landing Monitoring

Work continues on fish landing data collection across the 44 project sites that are being managed by both USAID SEA project partners and BRPL and stored in the BRPL database. As the USAID SEA Project begins to work towards project close however, it has been agreed that support for this work will cease in June 2020. Continuation of fish landing monitoring beyond this time will vary by site where there are possibilities for continuing this work under other funding sources, including possible funding allocation from BRPL (up to IDR 1.5 billion) and alternate donor support provided to WCS. However, as part of the institutionalization process, the data collected to date has been stored at e-BRPL and provides a valuable resource for MMAF researchers for fisheries assessments.

Vessel Registration and Offline SIMKADA Application

As reported in the last quarter, the USAID SEA Project has already achieved — and surpassed — the life of project (LOP) target set for registering vessels in FMA 715. Nonetheless, work continued this quarter to ensure vessels that were already inventoried acquired their full documentation (Bukti Pencatatan Kapal Perikanan – BPKP) and verified boat registration certificates (Pas Kecil). This included the issuance of 48 Pas Kecil documents in Tidore (facilitated by WCS) and a range of other progress (facilitated by MDPI), including:

• 41 vessels checked and verified in Parigi, and associated Pas Kecil documents in process, • 82 Pas Kecil request letters submitted from Mandioli island, • 62 Pas Kecil certificates printed in Sanana (to be distributed soon by the Bupati), • 150 BPKP certificates issued for fishers in , • 19 BPKP verification documents for Sesar village provided to Dinas Gugus Pulau IV for processing, • 50 BPKP documents issued for Madapolo fishermen and completion of the SIMKADA.

To date a total of 1,386 vessels have been inventoried through support from the USAID SEA Project, of which 95 percent have received their documentation (and are considered verified). Vessel registration is important as it is one of the means used to estimate levels of fishing effort, necessary to inform and gudie fisheries management. For small-scale fisheries, exempt from licencing, this registration process provides an essential mechanism to collate data on fishing effort that was previously largely undocumented.

Small-scale Fisher Logbooks

In the last quarter, the USAID SEA Project submitted the draft Fishing Logbook Ministerial Decree (with completed revisions) to the Legal Department of the Directorate General Capture Fisheries, and began piloting the fishing logbook management system in North Maluku. This included identifying the logbook collection, verification, validation, and data management systems for the trial.

In this quarter, work focused on providing technical assistance for the ongoing trial in Tidore, particularly to Fisheries Extension Officers who are at the frontline of the work and the key agents for building awareness, providing technical assistance to fishers in filling in, recording, and reporting the fishing logbook.

To this end, training was delivered to 13 DKP Extension Officers and staff of the Tidore Fisheries Office, as well as 22 fishers in Dawora and Gurabati Villages on March 3–4. The training included skills-building on fish identification, the principles of sustainable fisheries, and the importance of catch reporting and

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 15 management. The Extension Officers were also tasked to provide further training to the fishers present to convey best practice methods for filling in and reporting catch in their logbooks. The trial will continue for the next three months.

In parallel, the USAID SEA Project and partners continued to work to scale up logbook usage across wider target sites. This includes Obi and (supported by WCS) who are expected to start using logbooks in March and fishers in North Seram (supported by MDPI) who have been provided logbooks with larger sized columns for ease of data entry.

This logbook initiative is intended to enable documentation of catches of small-scale fishers that have previously been largely undocumented / unknown. Such documentation is essential for informing and guiding fisheries management. In addition to this, the process of completing logbooks provides an important awareness raising opportunity at local, district, provincial and national levels on the importance of catch monitoring for fishery management.

Vessel tracking (Spot Trace / PDS)

Work continued this quarter on the testing of small-scale vessel monitoring systems in the form of Spot Trace and Pelagic Data Systems (PDS) technologies. It was anticipated that a new technology (TrekFish) would be added to the systems being tested this quarter, however roll out of this technology by partner MDPI was delayed by bad weather. To date, a total of 18 Spot Trace and PDS devices are deployed in North Maluku, and 2 in Maluku.

This work is important, as mapping out fishing grounds and understanding the movement of fishing vessels is necessary to identify important fishing grounds as well as changes in movements based on seasonality and other factors. Vessel tracking is also important for MPA management, to assess levels of compliance with zones. To date in Indonesia there has been a lack of appropriate vessel tracking tools for small-scale fisheries, and these trials led by the USAID SEA Project partners are piloting several technologies in an effort to find an appropriate cost-effective tool for utilization in MPA and fisheries management in the future.

Time-lapse Cameras

Complementing the vessel monitoring systems (above), the time-lapse cameras deployed by partner MDPI have continued to track vessels movements with a total of five trips recorded in Morotai, two in Ternate, and fifteen in Parigi. These time-lapse cameras aim to verifify fishers’ catch data, as well as capture their interactions with endangered, threatened, protected (ETP) marine species. To date, the technology has only been deployed for tuna fisheries supported by USAID SEA Project partner MPDI, and has helped to build awareness of ETP handling by local fishers and fishery managers.

TraceTales and Trafiz

Pilot trials of supply chain traceability technologies also continued this quarter.

• TraceTales is a digital tally-based system that aims to replace a paper-based recording system to improve the traceability of products within a processing company. The system is installed in the processing facilities of PT. Harta Samudra in and Ambon (17 hardware units and 17 software modules installed at each location) and Morotai (19 hardware units and 17 software modules installed). Operations in the Morotai facility are now 100 percent transferred to the paperless TraceTales system, while operations in Buru and Ambon are still using a back-up paper-based system prior to full transfer.

16 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 • Trafiz, a downloadable cell phone app, is an alternative to paper-based record keeping for middle-men and suppliers. All transactions conducted with fishers can be recorded in the app. Trafiz has been deployed with 15 suppliers across eight different sites in FMA 715, in collaboration with USAID OCEANS Project team.

FAD Inventory

In this quarter work was undertaken to develop fish aggregation devices (FAD) inventory in Bula, East Seram, at a meeting held on February 28 with Bula FAD fishers and the staff of DKP Bula office. A FAD inventory aims to identify the number and distribution of widely utilized, under recorded and under regulated FADs in tuna fisheries. Information on 10 FADs was collected, including FAD material, distance from land, and number of fishers each FAD supports. This data was collected in response to a request for information from the district, and further FAD information is expected to be collected in the coming months.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 17 TECHNICAL APPROACH 2: MARINE PROTECTED AREAS

At the national level, work in this quarter focused on socializing the results of the MPA and MPA Network design materials recently finalized by the USAID SEA Project (figure 8), as well as the results of the FMA 715 MPA Network marine spatial planning (MSP). This socialization involved USAID SEA Project Core MPA staff and MMAF representatives visiting a range of stakeholders across FMA 715 to share data and maps of the MPA network from North Sulawesi (Manado), (Gorontalo and Botubarani), and Central Sulawesi (Palu). These visits took place between 9–14 March, including the following institutions: DKP North Sulawesi, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado Coastal and Marine Resources Management Center (BPSPL), WCS, DKP Gorontalo, Gorontalo University, Whaleshark Center in Botubarani, DKP Central Sulawesi, Tadulako University, and BPSPL Palu. All of these institutions have input into the MPA and MPA Network design documents and FMA 715 planning processes. The visits generated considerable enthusiasm towards the MPA and MPA Network materials and associated FMA 715 planning, with DKP offices in North Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi aiming to use the results to inform and guide their RZWP-3-K planning, while DKP Gorontalo aim to use the data to identify areas for additional / expanded MPAs in their area.

Figure 8: USAID SEA Project products for MPA and MPA Network design.

Other key activities at the national level included:

• Preparation meetings for training on stranded mammals. Held at the WCS office in Bogor (February 4) and WWF office in Jakarta (March 13), these meetings discussed preparations for an upcoming training on stranded mammals. The meetings were attended by representatives from MMAF, SEA Core, WCS, and WWF. The meeting agreed on training dates, target participants and logistic arrangements. However due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak the training will be postponed, and a new date has not yet been agreed. • Developing curriculum for designing MPAs using GIS. A series of meetings were held to discuss the development of this curriculum (on February 7,13, 26, and 27), attended by representatives from MMAF, CTC, TNC, and SEA Core. Planning is continuing and further work on curriculum development will continue next quarter.

18 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 At the provincial and site level, USAID SEA Project continues to support 14 MPAs across three provinces. Combined, these MPAs cover an area of 1,629,377 ha. Six MPAs have submitted all necessary documents to MMAF for issuance of their Ministerial Decree, while eight MPAs are progressing with the development and finalization of their MPA zoning and management plans (Rencana Pengelolaan dan Zonasi - RPZ).

Figure 9: Map of MPA sites in the USAID SEA Project portfolio.

Development of the RPZ follows a four-step process (table 7). A traffic light system, (green is completed, yellow is in progress) illustrates the progress being made through each of these steps for all MPA sites in the USAID SEA Project portfolio (table 8).

Table 7: Simplified step-wise process for acquiring RPZ approval for the USAID SEA Project portfolio MPAs.

KEY OVERARCHING STEPS FOR ACQUIRING RPZ APPROVAL RPZ developed by provincial DKP offices through Step 1 RPZ is drafted stakeholder engagement and community participation (with support from the USAID SEA Project). * Draft RPZ informally shared with the MMAF Directorate RPZ draft is informally submitted to KKHL of Marine Conservation and Biodiversity (Konservasi dan Step 2 Keanekaragaman Hayati Laut - KKHL) for their review and for review input (so that later formal submission may be accelerated, as KKHL have already provided their input). Revised RPZ final draft is submitted to DKP provincial offices revise RPZ based on KKHL input Step 3 Provincial Governor where required and submit to the Governor for approval. Governor-approved RPZ is submitted to Once approved at provincial level, the Governor then Step 4 submits to the Minister of MMAF for final KKHL approval MMAF and Ministerial endorsement. * In North Maluku, this first step involves approval from the North Maluku MPA Technical Working Group (TWG) before the RPZ draft is shared with KKHL.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 19 Table 8: Status of MPAs in the USAID SEA Project portfolio.

RPZ AREA MPA MPA STATUS RESERVATION STATUS STATUS (HA) Category 1 2 3 4 NORTH MALUKU New MPA (includes Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku Utara: no. Morotai 65,521 KKPD / TWP existing Rao) 361/KPTS /MU/2018 Existing MPA (to be Completed: SK Bupati Halmahera Selatan: no. 99 Guraici 91,576 KKP3K / TPK expanded) Tahun 2012. Area follows RZWP-3-K. Completed: SK Walikota Tidore Kepulauan: no. Mare Existing MPA 7,092 KKPD / TWP 72.2 Tahun 2012. Area follows RZWP-3-K. Existing MPA (to be Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku Utara: no. Widi 325,883 KKPD / TWP expanded) 251/KPTS /MU/2015. Area follows RZWP-3-K. Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku Utara: no. Sula New MPA 117,960 KKP3K / TP 360/KPTS /MU/2018 Makian - Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku Utara: no. New MPA 67,302 KKP3K / TPK Moti 359/KPTS /MU/2018. Area follows RZWP-3-K.

Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku: no. 328 Tahun Buano New MPA 25,064 KKP3K / TPK 2019 Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku: no. 387 Tahun Lease Existing MPA 81,573 KKP3K / TPK 2016 Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku: no. 329 Tahun Sawai New MPA 106,183 KKP3K / TPK 2019 Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku: no. 388 Tahun Ay-Rhun Existing MPA 47,969 KKPD / TWP 2016 Koon- Completed: SK Gubernur Maluku: no. 75.a Tahun Existing MPA 9,902 KKP3K / TPK Neiden 2018

South Completed: SK Gubernur Papua Barat no. New MPA 336,062 KKP / SAP Sorong 523/25/1/2019 Berau Completed: SK Gubernur Papua Barat no. New MPA 99,018 KKP3K / TP Bay 523/136/7/2017 Completed: SK Gubernur Papua Barat no. Nusalasi New MPA 248,272 KKP3K / TP 523/136/7/2017 TOTAL AREA 1,629,377 ha.

COMBINED

The following section provides a summary of the key activities conducted in each province, and at each MPA site, this quarter.

North Maluku Generally, progress on the development of MPA management and zonation plans is on track for six MPAs and in-line with the work plan, with only minor delays due to mismatched schedules among the MPA working group members. Key site-based work in North Maluku is outlined below:

Morotai (Pulau Rao – Tanjung Dehegila) New MPA (includes existing Rao site) 65,521 ha • Zoning and management plan (RPZ) documents submitted to MMAF January 14. • Documents reviewed on February 17 (in Jakarta) and on March 11 (in Bandung). • RPZ now finalized ready for issuance of Ministerial Decree.

20 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Guraici Existing MPA (to be expanded) 91,576 ha • January 21–22: Working Group of North Maluku meeting held in Ternate (37 participants) to review and advance RPZ documents. • Partners WCS continued to facilitate community consultations of the RPZ through this time, and the documents continue to be in development prior to submission to MMAF.

In this quarter, WCS were also planning to conduct reef health monitoring in Guraici (March 23 – April 3), however due to COVID-19 the activity is postponed, likely until June 2020. The consultation with MMAF to review the RPZ documents is tentatively planned for April, dependent on personnel availability related to any ongoing COVID-19 quarantine / isolation measures.

Mare Existing MPA 7,092 ha • Zoning and management plan (RPZ) documents submitted to MMAF January 14. • Documents reviewed on February 17 (in Jakarta) and on March 11 (in Bandung). • RPZ now finalized ready for issuance of Ministerial Decree.

In this quarter, WCS were also planning to conduct reef health monitoring in Mare (March 23 – April 1), however due to COVID-19 the activity is postponed, likely until June 2020.

Widi Existing MPA (to be expanded) 325,883 ha • January 21–22: Working Group of North Maluku meeting held in Ternate (37 participants) to review and advance RPZ documents.

The consultation with MMAF to review the RPZ documents is tentatively planned for April, but will be dependent on personnel availability related to any ongoing COVID-19 quarantine / isolation measures.

Sula New MPA 117,960 ha • Zoning and management plan (RPZ) documents submitted to MMAF January 14. • Documents reviewed on February 17 (in Jakarta) and on March 11 (in Bandung). • RPZ now finalized ready for issuance of Ministerial Decree.

Makian – Moti New MPA 67,302 ha • January 21–22: Working Group of North Maluku meeting held in Ternate (37 participants) to review and advance RPZ documents. • January 28–29: Public consultation held on Makian Island and in Ternate to agree on zoning plan in Makian – Moti (attended by 92 community and local government participants).

The consultation with MMAF to review the RPZ documents is tentatively planned for April, but will be dependent on personnel availability related to any ongoing COVID-19 quarantine / isolation measures.

Maluku

Koon-Neiden Existing MPA 9,902 ha • Zoning and management plan (RPZ) documents submitted to MMAF November 2019. • Documents reviewed on February 20 (in Jakarta) and on March 11 (in Bandung). • RPZ now finalized ready for issuance of Ministerial Decree.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 21 Buano New MPA 25,064 ha • January 27: MPA Working Group meeting in Ambon to review draft RPZ (57 participants). • February 24 – March 6: Public consultations held in two Soa (facilitated by CTC); Soa Tuhuteru and Soa Tamalene (both in North Buano), resulting in the following: • Agreement from Soa Tuhuteru to the zoning system proposed for the Buano MPA, with proposed additional zones (aquaculture sub-zone and tourism zone in Valentine Strait). • Agreement from Soa Tamalene to the proposed core zones, but request from this community to reduce the size of the zone at Nusa Tea Island as this is an important fishing area and safe harbor for fishers in bad weather. In this quarter CTC successfully obtained positive feedback from the Buano MPA Working Group (POKJA), with agreement on the MPAs vision, mission, conservation targets, goals, and objectives.

In previous quarters, CTC obtained verbal agreement from the Soa Nurlete (to whom the Valentine Strait area belongs) to allocate a core zone in the mangrove forest area. However, written agreement / minutes from the meeting still need to be produced for verification. This leaves only one Soa remaining for consultation in North Buano (Soa Hitimala). This is the largest of the Soa in North Buano, and is considered the oldest Soa. Consultations are anticipated with this Soa in the coming weeks (travel permitting).

Lease Existing MPA 81,573 ha • January 27: MPA Working Group meeting in Ambon held to review draft RPZ (57 participants). This resulted in agreement among POKJA members to finalize the vision, mission, conservation targets, goals, objectives, and other management planning areas for the MPA. • February 20: Public consultations held in Aboru Village to review the zoning design (facilitated by CTC). Consultations resulted in all community members agreeing to the zoning design, including the two zones near Aboru Village, namely a rehabilitation sub-zone and a sustainable fisheries sub-zone. Overall CTC has now conducted public consultation in 25 villages and 1 sub-village in Lease Islands, gathering input into the zoning plan from 1,491 community members. • March 23–25: Reef health monitoring conducted at 9 sites (CTC).

Sawai (Serutbar MPA) New MPA 106,183 ha • January 22–24: MPA Working Group (POKJA) meeting held in Ambon to review draft RPZ for Serutbar (22 participants). • February 7–8: MPA Working Group technical meeting held in Masohi to work on draft 1 of the RPZ (13 participants). • February 28: POKJA meeting to continue work on the RPZ (13 participants), resulting in agreement to proceed to the next stage of public consultation. • March 19: Public consultation held at Lounusa Beach, Masohi (67 participants) to review RPZ progress. During this consultation the king of Negeri Saleman requested further socialization of the zoning plan to the people of Saleman in particular, and this will be followed up by the MPA Working Group.

Ay-Rhun Existing MPA 47,969 ha • January 27: MPA Working Group meeting in Ambon to review draft RPZ (57 participants). • February 25: Public consultations held in Rhun Village to review the zoning design (facilitated by CTC). Resulted in agreement from all community members to the zoning plan design, including the zones near Rhun Village, namely: core zone, sustainable fisheries sub-zone, tourism sub-zone, and port sub-zone. • February 26: Public consultations held in Ay Village to review the zoning design (facilitated by CTC). Consultations resulted in agreement from all community members to the zoning plan design, including the zones near Ay Village, namely: core zone, sustainable fisheries sub-zone, and tourism sub-zone.

22 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 West Papua

South Sorong (Seribu Satu Sungai Teo New MPA 336,062 ha Enebekia) • January 22: MPA Working Group meeting held in Manokwari to discuss the draft RPZ for South Sorong (23 participants). • February 10–15: Phase 1 public consultations held in all districts in South Sorong, led by MPA Working Group and facilitated by WWF-Indonesia. Consultations attended by 242 participants, resulting in several suggested adaptations to the draft zoning plan. • Kokoda District proposes to move the location of the core zone (which was originally directly adjacent to the mainland) out by 4 nautical miles. This zone change aims to accommodate the traditional fishing needs of the indigenous people situated on this coastline. • Inanwatan District proposes to reduce the area of the core zone by the outermost boundary limit, but to maintain the boundary of the core zone adjacent to land in order to support the protection of germplasm supply from mangrove forests. • Kais District proposes to change the area of the core zones to be smaller, because most of the areas identified as core zones are important fishing grounds. • Saifi District proposes to increase the area of the core zone so that it borders the mainland. • In addition, several recommendations were forthcoming regarding proposed sasi sub-zones. • Metemani Sub-district propose to reduce the area of the sasi sub-zone and shift it to the interior of the Metemani river (claiming the sasi area is too large and is in an area prone to conflict with other regions). • Inanwatan and Kokoda Sub-districts propose to not have a sasi sub-zone as they feel sasi is only appropriate on land and in rivers and not in the MPA area. • Kais District proposes to allocate space downstream of the Kais river as the sasi sub-zone (close to the border of Konda Sub-district). • In addition to this, Kokoda, Inanwatan, and Metemani Districts also proposed to change the core zone area, sasi Sub-zone, and Pamali sub-zone to become traditional fishing sub-zones, and Kokoda District proposed the port sub-zone be accommodated in the South Sorong MPA RPZ. These proposed adjustments are now being taken on advicement in the review and adaptation of the zoning plan.

Berau Bay New MPA 99,018 ha

Nusalasi New MPA 248,272 ha Berau Bay and Nusalasi are combined (under FakFak MPA) since they are under one collective management unit and are being developed under one Management and Zoning Plan (RPZ). Former USAID SEA Project partners CI continue to work in the area under different funding sources (following cessation of support under USAID SEA).

• Zoning and management plan (RPZ) documents submitted to MMAF April 2019. • Documents reviewed on February 20 (in Jakarta) and on March 11 (in Bandung). • RPZ now finalized ready for issuance of Ministerial Decree.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 23 TECHNICAL APPROACH 3: MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING

NATIONAL

In this quarter, MSP work at the national level focused on developing best practices and lessons learned for monitoring and evaluation systems, based on global experiences and practical solutions. These systems will be synthesized and compiled from expert knowledge and literature review to be shared with provinces for implementation at the regional level. In addition to this, efforts to finalize the handover of SEANODE MSP Geoportal were on-going this quarter.

MSP Best Practices and Lessons Learned for National Monitoring and Evaluation System. The USAID SEA Project and NOAA have been progressing to develop a technical document for MSP Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). This document is a result of the National MSP Symposium held last year (June 2019) and aims to provide the foundation for a Ministerial regulation for MSP M&E for provinces across the country. It includes the following sections and information:

• The benefits and purpose of conducting M&E. • Guidance on best practice considerations when conducting M&E and selecting indicators. • Examples of case studies where M&E has been conducted for MSP to determine effectiveness. • Examples of indicators considered or used by others around the world in their M&E processes. • Examples of M&E institutionalization, roles, and responsibilities for M&E from other regions. • Timeframes for M&E implementation and recommended frequencies for reporting. • Methods for conducting the evaluation and adaptive management processes.

On February 26 this quarter, the first draft was submitted to MMAF for review by the MSP Directorate. Feedback was received on March 12 and the draft is now going through revision based on this input. The draft can be accessed through this link https://drive.google.com/open?id=1V1xHXy- Sf8cI1qbKdLx0NmMjlwRvh9ge The document is anticipated to be re-submitted in April, with a follow up small group meeting to be held post COVID-19 travel measures to finalize.

SEANODE Geoportal Handover and Migration to MMAF. The process of handover and migration of SEANODE continued this quarter through a series of technical meetings held in January and February with the MSP Directorate and MSP SEA Core team. It has been agreed that official ‘minutes of handover’ (Berita Acara Serah Terima – BAST) be finalized by the end of April, followed by the transfer of the virtual machines, domain, user manual, guidelines, and handbook. The BAST was signed by theMarine Spatial Planning Directorate – Sub Directorate Zonation Area (Direktorat Tata Ruang Laut). However, progress has been slow due to internal administrative issues within MMAF. The issues relate to the fact that the SEANODE Geoportal will be received by the Indonesian government as an intangible asset (aset tak berwujud) thus this should be verified through associated administrative processes under the Ministry of Finance and MMAF. This process is ongoing at this time. Nonetheless the MSP SEA Core team continues to encourage MMAF to meet the end of April deadline as internal SEA server clean-up plans will otherwise result in SEANODE becoming inactive by 01 May. MSP Technical Report Handover and Migration to MMAF. On March 05 the Acting Director of MSP Directorate, Mr. Krishna Samudera, confirmed and signed the official BAST to receive the USAID

24 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 SEA Project’s MSP Technical reports produced from 2017 to 20194 as part of the closing out knowledge transfer process. Mr. Samudera commented that the USAID SEA Project has successfully provided a great deal of technical support and contributions to accelerate and finalize marine spatial plans in the target provinces (Maluku, North Maluku and West Papua), while also ensuring a good planning system, implementation process, and M&E plans exist at the national level.

PROVINCIAL

At the provincial level, efforts have been focused on ensuring the provincial plans can be well implemented through several key steps (as outlined in table 9). One of the key USAID SEA Project contributions to the process of implementing of RZWP-3-K is to ensure that permits / licensing processes are aligned with the zoning systems outlined in the plans. This is essential, as the permits / licences provide the means for controlling different types of utilization in provincial waters in alignment with approved activities for certain areas. As a member of technical implementing team, USAID SEA is responsible for providing technical recommendations and support to improve skills and knowledge for MSP processes (i.e. technical analysis) that is important for decision making. In addition, the USAID SEA Project have been providing local technical capacity skills and knowledge transfer to MSP technical teams at the provincial level. As mandated in Law No. 27/2007 JO 1/2014, RZWP-3-K this is not the end of the process. Other key implementation steps should be completed by the provincial government (as outlined in table 9).

Table 9: Key steps required for MSP implementation.

KEY STEPS FOR MSP IMPLEMENTATION Governor Regulation Governor Regulation for the Implementation of RZWP-3-K finalized, 1 Issued authorized, and issued. RZWP-3-K fully socialized amongst all key stakeholders (provincial, district, 2 RZWP-3-K Socialized and cluster island levels). Marine Cadastre System Marine cadastre system / geoportal database established for the process of 3 Established licensing and permitting. RZWP-3-K Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) policy established 4 MEL Policy Established (national and provincial levels). Provincial Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEA) (Kajian Lingkungan Strategic Environmental Hidup Strategis – KLHS) completed under the Environmental Office. 5 Assessment (KLHS) (Document validates and verifies the permit location process for RZWP-3-K Completed implementation). Infrastructure and SOP(s) Infrastructure and technical standard operation procedures established for 6 for Permitting In Place managing permits and permit locations in coastal and marine areas. Compliance and Control Stakeholders’ Compliance and Control System established for RZWP-3-K 7 System Implemented implementation

4 All documents related to BAST are available at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1IP2aXiWkN4UkSxPdBUVQUmd8aa8u00K8?usp=sharing

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 25 North Maluku

The status of MSP implementation in North Maluku is as shown in table 10.

Table 10: Status of MSP Implementation in North Maluku.

IMPLEMENTING MSP: STATUS NORTH MALUKU Governor Regulation Draft task force decree to formulate the governor regulation is 1 In progress Issued being processed by the legal bureau 2 RZWP-3-K Socialized Achieved This work has been done by the local government Marine Cadastre 3 Not System Established This work will be started after the governor regulation is issued started 4 MEL Policy Established Strategic Environmental Budget After budget approval, the working group will create the first 5 Assessment (KLHS) committed draft of this technical document Completed Infrastructure and At least three marine permits have been released by the local 6 In progress SOP(s) government including the coastal reclamation in Ternate Compliance and Not 7 Control system This work will be started after governor regulation is issued started implemented

This quarter, work focused on step 1 (Governor regulation), step 5 (further the development of the KLHS), and step 6 (permitting mechanisms). A series of coordination meetings were held with DKP North Maluku on the Governor regulation (PerGub) to implement RZWP-3-K. During these meetings it was revealed that a decision letter regarding the assignment of specific provincial staff for this task was still being developed. Meanwhile, a coordination meeting with the North Maluku Environmental Agency (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup – DLH) on the development of the KLHS resulted in agreement for furthering the KLHS next quarter, including commitment to hold a meeting to detail the distribution of tasks and possibly financial contributions in the KLHS (involving specific staff from DLH and USAID SEA partners, WCS).

The activities during this quarter were conducted in alignment with the designated work plan and timeline. In the next quarter work will focus more on collating lessons learned.

26 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Maluku

The status of MSP implementation in Maluku is as shown in table 11.

Table 11: Status of MSP Implementation in Maluku. IMPLEMENTING MSP: STATUS MALUKU 1 Regulation Issued Postponed Due to plan to revise MSP this year 2 RZWP-3-K Socialized In progress This activity will be adjusted according the revised plan Marine Cadastre 3 Postponed Due to plan to revise MSP this year System Established Not 4 MEL Policy Established started Strategic Environmental Not 5 Assessment (KLHS) started Completed Infrastructure and 6 SOP(s) for permitting Postponed Due to plan to revise MSP this year in place Compliance and Not 7 Control system started implemented

In February, the Governor of Maluku province decided a revision was required to their RZWP-3-K PerDa (issued no.1/2018). This is due to an error uncovered in the RZWP-3-K regarding the allocation area for the Marsela Oil and Gas block, which was incorrectly allocated due to a lack of data sharing and coordination during the MSP development process, with the oil and gas agency failing to share their datasets with the MSP provincial working group. This revision process may also impact on potential MPA designations and other important areas. The local government hopes to finalize the revision this calendar year (2020).

In the next quarter, work will be focused on developing MSP best practices and lessons learned for Maluku Province as part of the evaluation of the MSP development process. The final results will be published and presented in international fora to share experiences from Indonesia.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 27 West Papua

The status of MSP implementation in West Papua is as shown in table 12.

Table 12: Status of MSP Implementation in West Papua.

IMPLEMENTING MSP: STATUS WEST PAPUA 1 Regulation Issued Initiated 2 RZWP-3-K Socialized Initiated 3 Marine Cadastre System Established Not started 4 MEL Policy Established Not started 5 Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS) Completed Not started 6 Infrastructure and SOP(s) for permitting in place Not started 7 Compliance and Control system implemented Not started

At the end of the last quarter (31 December 2019), West Papua province officially completed and finalized the local regulation (PerDa) for their RZWP-3-K. As reported previously, the process followed for the West Papua RZWP-3-K was particularly thorough, meticulous and participatory; and while time- consuming, the experience is being held in high regard as a best practice approach for other provinces to follow. To that end, the USAID SEA Project focused this quarter on documenting the approach undertaken and lessons learned for wider knowledge sharing, with the first draft completed and shared with the West Papua RZWP-3-K working group on January 16. It is anticipated this document will be reviewed and finalized ready for publication in the next quarter. The document will also be important for the national government, providing insights into improvements for the Ministerial regulation supporting MSP at the provincial level.

28 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 TECHNICAL APPROACH 4: LAW ENFORCEMENT

Law enforcement activities continue to be rolled out as planned, with the aim of providing targeted enforcement support.

NATIONAL

Training-of-Trainers (ToT) Module Development for POKMASWAS. In this quarter, efforts at the national level focused on continuing support to develop and roll out ToT modules for POKMASWAS for Stage 2 (intermediate) and Stage 3 (advanced) training.

• Intermediate Level (Stage 2). After finalizing the draft ToT modules for this intermediate stage last quarter, two workshops were held this quarter to review and finalize the draft. The first was held on January 8–9 and the second on February 14. The workshops were attended by a combined total of 22 participants from the Directorate of Fleet Operation Monitoring, Directorate of Fisheries Resources Surveillance, Directorate of Marine Resources Surveillance, and MMAF Training Center, as well as USAID SEA Project Core staff and NGO Partners (CTC, WCS, WWF, and Rare). The draft modules are intended to provide knowledge and skills building to POKMASWAS members to perform their tasks well and operate fully functionally. Elements of the training include: operational management, principles of sustainable fisheries, principles of surveillance and reporting mechanisms, safety and security issues, communication, and coordination. In the workshops, the participants actively reviewed the composition of the modules and made some revisions, resulting in an agreed final draft of the modules, ready for roll out next quarter.

• Advanced Level (Stage 3). After the success of the approved intermediate modules, USAID SEA Project began working on the advanced modules. At the advanced stage the training is intended to enable POKMASWAS to contribute to broader fisheries and coastal management plans and programs in their area. As such, four modules are now in development for advanced stage training: (1) Village development planning and the use of surveillance data. (2) Marine and coastal network development. (3) Advanced communications for POKMASWAS. (4) Entrepreneurship. The development of these modules will continue next quarter. Implementing Port State Measures. As SEA’s support to PSM constitutes a crosscutting of law enforcement and policy strengthening, activities for PSM implementation supported this quarter were mostly in relation to the legalization of PSM Standard Operating Procedures. Full information is provided in Section 3, sub-section on laws and policies.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 29 PROVINCIAL

North Maluku

New POKMASWAS established. In this quarter six new POKMASWAS were established across four MPA sites in North Maluku, bringing the total number of POKMASWAS established and operational in North Maluku through support from the USAID SEA Project to 15 groups, with a combined 187 members.

• POKMASWAS Giman Widi and Widi Star, both in Widi MPA (15 members each), • POKMASWAS Ene Lo Ene and Kie Ruru, both in Guraici (15 members each), and • POKMASWAS Sebelei and Tafamutu, both in Makian-Moti MPA (15 members each).

Delivering Stage 1 POKMASWAS Training for the New POKMASWAS. In February (17–19), the USAID SEA Project delivered a Stage 1 training to 30 POKMASWAS members from five of the new groups (described above), from Guraici, Widi and Makian-Moti. The training was facilitated by WCS in collaboration with DKP North Maluku, and the MMAF Training Center, Surveillance Station in Ambon, Water Police, and DKP agency of Eastern Seram. In this training participants learned skills for socializing awareness about the MPA and the challenges of destructive fishing practices, undertaking patrols and reporting, filling in the logbook, and sharing information with the Village Head and local law enforcement agencies, as well as DKP North Maluku. On the last day of the training each group prepared a work plan and identified key partners to engage with their POKMASWAS to safeguard their MPA.

Monitoring and Supporting the Improvement of POKMASWAS Institutions for Implementing SISWASMAS. For the existing POKMASWAS in North Maluku, the USAID SEA Project partners WCS and CTC have continued to encourage members to fill in logbooks and communicate the patrol results to the heads of the relevant villages (in line with the SISWASMAS steps as outlined in figure 10). In addition to this, the USAID SEA Project has been advancing proactive communications and networking amongst POKMASWAS in the province through the establishment of a WhatsApp group (facilitated by WCS) through which POKMASWAS members can share their observations, insights, and information with village governments, Provincial DKP, Water Police, and other law enforcement officers. Since its launch, this communication platform has been working well, as highlighted on March 17 when POKMASWAS Kie Ruru came across several fishers during their patrol who were assembling fish bombs. Through WhatsApp group communications, the Water Police and provincial DKP team were able to guide the POKMASWAS from a distance to ensure vigilantism was avoided, and to enable the group to gather strong, credible, and useful evidence for processing the case through formal judicial channels. While this data gathering was underway, the South Halmahera Water Police dispatched a team to intercept and arrest the suspected fish bombers. Such an excellent collaborative approach provides a good example of how POKMASWAS and formal law enforcement teams can work together effectively. The experience has also inspired the Head of DKP North Maluku and the Water Police to promote a similar approach in other regions of North Maluku.

To date, partners report that POKMASWAS in Sula (Fatkauyon, Waisum, and Waisakai Villages), Moti (Tafamutu Village), and Kayoa (Talimau Village) are progressing well, with 38 members actively undertaking patrols, implementing socialization activities, and routinely reporting on their surveillance results. To further support these groups, WCS initiated meetings to support each POKMASWAS to further refine their vision and mission as a group, and explore further ways that POKMASWAS members could support and encourage sustainable, pro-environment business development in their areas. This work has been conducted in three villages, with the remainder postponed due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

30 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020

Figure 10: Progress through implementing SISWASMAS by the POKMASWAS in three provinces. Solid line = groups are effectively implementing / on track with these steps. Dotted line = groups are struggling with these areas and more support is required.

Maluku

Monitoring and Supporting the Improvement of POKMASWAS Institutions for Implementing SISWASMAS. For the existing POKMASWAS in Maluku (12 groups, with a combined membership of 160 people), USAID SEA Project partners WWF-Indonesia and CTC have continued to encourage members to fill in logbooks and communicate the results of their patrols to the head of the relevant village (in line with the SISWASMAS steps as outlined in figure 10). Partners report that the POKMASWAS are progressing well in South Buano and Sawai, with 26 members actively undertaking patrols and supporting enforcement practices in the area. In addition, the South Buano group (POKMASWAS Hena Berkarya) have managed to secure the support of village funds to support community surveillance.

Discussing the Phasing Out of USAID SEA Project Technical Assistance for Law Enforcement. As the USAID SEA Project is now in its final year, a meeting was held on January 31 to begin discussions for the smooth phasing out of USAID SEA technical assistance to DKP Maluku and the Head of the Surveillance Unit and team. The discussion resulted in the following agreements.

(1) DKP Maluku will share the costs required to strengthen the Coordination Forum for Handling Fisheries Crime. (2) Work to develop the Provincial Action Plan to Combat Destructive Fishing should commence in February (see below).

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 31 (3) The achievements of USAID SEA Project and DKP Maluku collaborations with regard to the Provincial Action Plan to Combat Destructive Fishing should be shared with the Governor of Maluku in May. (4) DKP Maluku Province will assign specific personnel from their Surveillance Unit to work more intensively with CTC and WWF in this remaining year, to ensure all efforts are aligned, with full knowledge and information shared. (5) From May onwards, DKP Maluku will take more of a leading role in implementing law enforcement components of work, while CTC and WWF will be increasingly positioned as support parties or co-facilitators in each activity. (6) Technical coordination for implementing the remainder of the work plan will be led by the Head of the Surveillance Unit of DKP Maluku. (7) The USAID SEA Project Team will report every quarter to the Head of DKP Maluku and the Surveillance Unit through brief written documents and meetings. (8) The USAID SEA Project will incrementally transfer all data and associated information gathered related to law enforcement to DKP Maluku, starting in July.

Facilitating the Development of a Provincial Action Plan to Combat Destructive Fishing in Maluku. On January 31, the USAID SEA Project submitted the draft policy paper for the Governor Regulation on the Provincial Action Plan to Combat Destructive Fishing to the Acting Head of DKP Maluku Province. Following this, an FGD was held on February 11–12 in Ambon to present and discuss the draft policy paper, as well as share the results of the destructive fishing assessment conducted in Maluku. The FGD was attended by 59 participants from DKP Maluku, District Fisheries Agencies, Regional Court, and MMAF agencies (including the Surveillance Station in Ambon and MMAF Directorate of Marine Resource Surveillance)5. This meeting resulted in:

(1) adjustment to some of the SMART objectives proposed in the plan (to be followed up through further review); (2) identification of some indicators for the plan; (3) agreement to legalize the Provincial Action Plan to Combat Destructive Fishing through Governor Regulation; and (4) a joint commitment from all stakeholders to formalize a Fisheries Criminal Coordination Forum (Forum Koordinasi Tindak Pidana Perikanan) by Governor Decree (to be pursued in June).

West Papua

Delivering Stage 1 POKMASWAS Training in Teluk Bintuni. In March (4–6), the USAID SEA Project delivered a Stage 1 training for POKMASWAS in Teluk Bintuni. The training was delivered by partners WWF-Indonesia in collaboration with DKP West Papua, and the MMAF Surveillance Station in Sorong, and was attended by 22 POKMASWAS members. In this training participants learned skills for socializing awareness about the MPA and the challenges of destructive fishing practices, mechanisms for sustainable fisheries (especially for mud crab species), undertaking patrols and reporting, filling in the logbook, and sharing information with the Village Head and local law enforcement agencies, as well as

5 DKP Maluku Province, the MMAF Surveillance Station in Ambon and Regional Court have all been cleared by the Leahy vetting process (on September 12, 2019). The District Fisheries Agencies have not been cleared, however, due to Law No. 23/2014 on Local Government, these offices no longer have authority on marine and fisheries surveillance. Their surveillance and investigative officers have been transferred to the provincial DKP offices, and districts no longer have any armed personnel or authority of arrest; therefore they are not required to have Leahy vetting.

32 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 DKP West Papua. On the last day of the training each group prepared a work plan and identified key partners to engage with their POKMASWAS to safeguard their MPA.

Monitoring and Supporting the Improvement of POKMASWAS Institutions for Implementing SISWASMAS. For the existing POKMASWAS in West Papua (11 groups, with a combined membership of 193 people) WWF-Indonesia have continued to provide support, particularly to groups in South Sorong. POKMASWAS Siganoi and Klasaimus in particular have been successfully undertaking patrols and supporting enforcement practices in their areas.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 33 SECTION 3. APPROACHES FOR ADDRESSING ENABLING CONDITIONS

The USAID SEA Project seeks to create enabling conditions that allow relevant stakeholders and local communities to support sustainable marine resource use and management. The project raises awareness and promotes positive behavior change through local champions by increasing stakeholder capacity. It also advances policies, laws, and regulations that provide the foundation for sustainable resource use practices and explores innovations and incentive mechanisms to foster marine stewardship.

STRATEGIC APPROACH 1: CREATE DEMAND THROUGH AWARENESS RAISING AND ADVOCACY

In this reporting period, the USAID SEA Project continued to support all partners in behavior change communication (BCC) activities. It has been encouraging to see partners in this concluding year being more conversant with BCC methodologies, able to empower champions, and the results of initiatives in terms of changes to behavior starting to emerge.

The mass production of awareness materials supported by USAID SEA Core communications team helped partners in the field to creatively utilize audio-visual productions and optimize opportunities in local festivals / events this quarter. In addition to this, the investments and capacity building of champions by partners has begun to manifest in confident proactive champions across the provinces. Champion activities this quarter have included public appearances, radio shows, leading of community meetings, initiating beach clean-ups, and other site-based events. Concurrently, the EAFM flipchart product developed by the communications team to support the USAID SEA Core EAFM team has been further piloted in the field through local Fishery Extension Officers (FEOs). Lessons learned from these trials will now guide and inform adjustments to these materials.

Despite tremendous improvements in BCC work over recent years and months, some work remains to be done, particularly by partners Rare and ILMMA who still have some work to do. Moving forward, the USAID SEA Core communications team will be focusing on supporting partners to catch up on their activities, for example supporting NGO partners to accelerate outreach activities, identifying avenus for public outreach or awareness raising. Other examples include providing support to identify and write stories (ILMMA and MDPI) particularly about the work of champions and promotion of gender inclusion in activities. These efforts aim to help close the gap between partners and field officers who are at the forefront of influence at sites, to ensure they have the skills, resources, and support required, particularly as the USAID SEA Project enters its final year.

34 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 ADVANCING BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES

USAID SEA Project Core communications team continue to routinely assess SEA partners’ performance; identifying their achievements, challenges, and areas of support required.

• WWF and MDPI are now leading amongst partners in executing their BCC activities. They are on track with their action-oriented plans, working through champions to implement awareness raising and outreach activities. WWF is leading on almost all communication fronts, utilizing a predominantly ‘Above the line’ (ATL) approach to communications; while MDPI are proving more adept in what is known as ‘Below the Line’ (BTL) approaches (see box one). These two partners are also showing strong performance in terms of promoting gender equality in their BCC activities. • CTC continues to work diligently, focusing BCC work this quarter on POKMASWAS awareness raising. This quarter CTC finalized the production of a draft POKMASWAS handbook (now under review by USAID SEA Core communications team). Once finalized, this handbook is expected to be rolled out to other partner sites, and widely utilized across SEA Project areas. • WCS picked up the pace this quarter through substantial engagement with their champions. The arrival of a new WCS communications officer provided relief for the team and has resulted in acceleration of their BCC efforts. Key events facilitated by WCS have been well attended by 330 people this quarter, including a public lecture at Khairun University on marine conservation issues. Nonetheless, this acceleration of efforts needs to continue in order to ensure WCS meet their BCC commitments, and can achieve measurable change within the remainder of the project term. • Rare and ILMMA partners have both experienced delays this quarter. For Rare, a key challenge they are facing is the lack of on-site staff, instead relying heavily on their champions, and with minimal use of media or messaging reported this quarter. Despite their working mechanism using BCC, RARE employs only Below The Line approaches to communications, unlike other SEA partners (WWF, CTC and WCS) who adopt a lot of Above The Line activities in their work to promote behavior change (see box one). Also, unlike other partners who are now advancing work with their champions, RARE’s involvement with champions is very limited despite having a large number of champions associated with their work. This leads to limited champions’ stories or other stories from the field being available. Conversely, ILMMA’s presence on the ground has been relatively thorough and consistent, but only recently have they started to identify champions who will continue the work beyond their direct involvement. Field experience shows that working with champions provides a greater chance of influencing positive behavior change.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 35 Box One: Above / Below The Line Communications

Above The Line (ATL) communications — this approach directs communications towards a mass market or large portfolio segment of society. Promotional messages tend to be less targeted demographically (meaning they do not limit themselves to only one specific target group). ATL strategies aim to achieve sweeping societal engagement and awareness of the messaging promoted through the communications. This approach helps messages to reach large audiences and optimizes visibility of the message / product / information as well as lifting organizational profiles. In BCC this tool is effective to build bigger demand through awareness campaigns and advocacy for conservation efforts. Examples of ATL communication includes the use of Radio and TV broadcasts, website communications, newspaper and magazine articles, outdoor media or press releases. A good example of ATL is the radio show in South Sorong recently promoted by WWF.

Below The Line (BTL) communications — alternatively, this approach is more focused, and tends to be directly targeted towards one demographic / sector or group of stakeholders. Messaging is tailored to the psychology of that target segment and characteristics of that sub-set of society. The communications can be personalized, and often with the aim to achieve conversions. A major advantage of BTL communications the ability to better track impact, as well as return on investment (ROI) in traditional marketing industries. Campaigns can also be further tailored for different sub-sets of stakeholders within a single segment. This tool is useful for BCC to promote intended behavior change at a community level. Examples of BTL tools include one-on-one meetings, small group / community meetings, customized messaging within a community / sub- culture. A good example of BTL can be found in MDPIs work with fishers and communities related to the tuna industry in their target sites.

BEHAVIOR CHANGE SURVEYS AND ASSESSMENTS

One BCC assessment was scheduled to take place this quarter (through WWF) in two sites — Konda and Kokoda, South Sorong. However due to the outbreak of COVID-19, this assessment has been delayed until further notice.

IDENTIFICATION AND ENGAGEMENT OF CHAMPIONS

To date, 502 champions have been identified and engaged across the region. Key highlights this quarter are as follows.

Sea Champions Learn Together and Secure Partnership with DKP Office. In January (27–30), the USAID SEA Project organized the sixth “Driving for Action” Champions training in Ambon, Maluku, attended by 38 champions (12 women, 26 men). These champions came from North Maluku and Maluku provinces. The training involved an MPA 101 introduction, information on sustainable fisheries, community surveillance, and communication techniques. Conversations during the training were particularly fruitful around the topics of POKMASWAS roles and reporting mechanisms. Figure 11: Champions proudly show off their uniforms.

The highlight of the event however was the collaboration forged between the Champions from Maluku and the DKP Maluku office, with relationships established to progress with POKMASWAS training, sea littering, and clean-up campaigns. In addition, a forum for maintaining champions work and connections

36 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 beyond the USAID SEA Project term was explored during the workshop, and the concept for a Sea Champion Network (Jejaring Pejuang Laut) was born.

To date a total of 208 champions (41 percent of all champions) have now participated in a USAID SEA capacity building program; which continues to encourage housewives, midwife students, village administrators, religious leaders, and teachers to join the Pejuang Laut.

Champions Get Air Time on Sorong Radio. In this quarter, partners WWF launched the first ever radio show dedicated to marine and fisheries conservation in Sorong, West Papua (with the first live broadcast on February 18). The program is a joint initiative with Radio Republic Indonesia (RRI) Sorong, and is part of WWF’s outreach program to increase community awareness for the Seribu Satu Sungai Teo Enebikia (South Sorong) MPA. Radio is considered particularly important in this area, as the MPA is large (338,323 ha.) and Figure 12: The first show on RRI going live. the population dispersed, with limited access to outside communications.

The show will run through to June 2020, and will be relayed to five neighboring districts, reaching more than 50,000 people. The first episode featured information about the MPA, its purpose, legal basis, boundaries and status; and discussed how local SEA champions and volunteers support its protection. Guests included Chris Rotinsulu (USAID SEA Project Coordinator for West Papua), Michelle Momot (a local SEA champion), and Hendrik Sombo (from the MMAF regional office). Listeners called in questions about the importance of the MPA, and seven callers (including three women) were put on the air.

The first episode also featured USAID SEA Project advocacy taglines voiced by three SEA Champions. These taglines were developed to build subliminal knowledge such as ‘Lestari lautku, banyak ikanku’ (directly translated as ‘sustainable sea, many fish’) and ‘Laut sehat, nelayan kuat, masyarakat sejahtera’ (‘sustainable sea for resilient fishers and prosperous people’). To reinforce these taglines, WWF applied them alongside more direct messages like ‘Have you eaten fish today? Let’s protect our sea so there will be enough fish for future generations’. Logbook usage was also promoted through the show: ‘Dear fellow fishers, it is 5 o’clock in the afternoon. Do not forget to record your catch in the logbook!’.

SEA Champions Help Sway Maluku Village Head on Marine Conservation. Partners ILMMA first approached Nikulukan Village in March 2018, and while initial interest in marine conservation was raised, the head of the village has since been hesitant to commit to conservation measures. To address this, on March 16 ILMMA facilitated a site visit for two champions from other sites (Hatunuru Village and Kasieh Village) to visit Nikulukan to meet with the village leadership and communities and share their experiences in establishing marine managed areas at their sites. This resulted in a positive response from Nikulukan community who then made a request to ILMMA for continued support to further develop, design, and establish conservation measures, including no-take zones in their waters. Such exchanges exemplify the power of local champions in communicating and influencing change at the site level; able to speak to the language, culture and nuances of a society, and get messages across in ways that outsiders cannot.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 37 Champion WhatsApp Group. This platform continues to perform very well, capturing champion actions in real time, and fostering communication, knowledge sharing, encouragement and motivation between champions. To date, the group has 102 members, comprised of champions, partners, and SEA Core team, as well as government representatives from DKP Maluku and PSPL Sorong (which is particularly exciting and it shows a level of appreciation and engagement from government to hear these champions voices). Some examples of champion posts are shown in figure 14, and many clearly show that champions are not only working on awareness related tasks but are really taking on strong roles in proactive conservation implementation.

Overall, to date, the geographic and gender distribution of champions is as shown in figure 13.

Figure 13: Geographical distribution of champions across the SEA Project’s three provinces (left); Percent of male and female champions (right).

EXCERPT WHATSAPP POSTS: JANUARY TO MARCH 2020 “Following MDPI’s assistance last year, the phenomenal Sarno La Jiwa organized vessel registration of his Tuna Fair Trade fishers for renewing the annual vessel license independently. Their transport cost for this process was covered from premium payment. A total of 54 fishers have benefited from this renewed license. Sarno even persuaded other fishers to continue the practice. Sarno has proven beyond action to maintenance level.” Jambula, Bisa Island, North Maluku

38 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 EXCERPT WHATSAPP POSTS: JANUARY TO MARCH 2020 “During public lecture in a local university of Khairun organized by WCS, two champions (one M, one F) contested their public speaking ability in front of 100 students. In the lecture themed “What young people can do to support Marine Conservation Area” champion teacher mama Nur told stories about her activities of releasing baby turtle, the importance of keeping beach clean and seagrass plant. Pak Ikbal boosted student motivation for being sea champions.”

Ternate, North Maluku

“RARE’s female champion mama Samsiah (left) has tirelessly promoted the draft Perkam (village reg) for managing Customary Fishery Area in the village where she works as secretary. After months of process, through her leading support, the local regulation is finally legalized by district legal bureau. This village regulation umbrella-ing 7 customary groups and took effect on 24 Feb 2020. Hundreds of villagers will benefit from better fisheries management.” Jefman, Raja Ampat, W. Papua

“After returning from SEA’s champion training (Jan’20), CTC’s first woman FEO champion Sarna Sabela was invited as guest speaker for public awareness in her village. Mama Sarna spoke to promote awareness on friendly fishing gear and the importance of protecting marine ecosystems in front of Waigoiyofa Village community. Mrs. Sarna also introduced herself as a female SEA Champion

who is ready to oversee marine conservation efforts in the district of Sula Islands.” Waigoiyofa, Sula Island, Maluku

“WWF’s champion Miyono Musasir, who is also Pokmaswas leader, conducted socialization in Labuan, the village where he resides. Along with other Pantura Pokmaswas members he invited all fishermen in Labuan village to Stop Illegal Fishing by stop using trawlers, potassium and bombs. This activity was initiated independently by Pokmaswas and in the event that witnessed by local police head of South Halmahera territory, he was approached by the media during which he spoke eloquently regarding this Stop Destructive Fishing. This initially hesitant and unconfident person has now

turned to be speaking for others.” Maluku province

“MDPI’s champion Gafur Kaboli initiated his own idea to print messages on the hoodie outfit of the local football players. The message says let’s protect the illustrated ETPs. The message will be seen by dozens of spectators. Pak Gafur keeps a talent to become a social marketer.”

Jambula, Ternate, North Maluku

Figure 14: Excerpts and examples from the SEA Champions WhatsApp group: Jan–Mar, 2020.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 39 Work is also already underway to ensure continuation of the SEA Champion’s efforts beyond the term of the USAID SEA Project. Partners are all developing their own sustainability strategies, and the remaining time of the project will be focused on establishing and bolstering relationships between Champions and local government counterparts and provincial coordinators as a part of the USAID SEA Project exit strategy.

EXPOSURE TO MESSAGES THROUGH OUTREACH

A key element of behavior change communication is the dissemination of information through a range of media formats. In this quarter, a variety of site-based BCC materials and collaterals were produced and disseminated by USAID SEA and Project partners, including (amongst others) the following (see figure 15).

Figure 15: Example of BCC materials this quarter. (Top Row): Materials to support POKMASWAS produced by CTC. (Right, top): X-banner for POKMASWAS produced by CTC. (Center, left): ETP billboard produced by WWF. (Center): Radio show flyer by WWF. (Bottom row): 2020 calendar pages by WWF.

40 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 (Below, left): Example of a student card by WWF. (Below, center): T-shirt designs for stranded mammal first responders. (Below, right): Information flyers for the first responders produced by WWF6.

• POKMASWAS related collaterals and materials included an x-banner and handbook (designed by CTC) to help guide and inform surveillance activities (from knowledge and attitude to action). • Community education materials for South Sorong MPA were produced (by WWF) conveying messaging about the importance of mangrove ecosystems and ETP species, the role of South Sorong’s MPA and community surveillance activities. • Student learning cards (WWF) were produced promoting mangrove awareness. • Giant billboards were placed (WWF and WCS) promoting awareness and protection of ETP species.

The obligation of all implementing partners is to lift community awareness levels by at least 50 percent, and initial indications suggest the USAID SEA Project is well on track to achieve this target.

FORA ESTABLISHED

In this quarter, an additional eight POKMASWAS and two community conservation groups were established. This brings the total number of Fora established through support from the USAID SEA Project to 72.

6 BCC materials developed by USAID SEA Project Core Team have gone through approval processes with USAID. For materials developed by USAID SEA Project partners, USAID SEA Project provides the clearance and ensures all products appropriately comply with the USAID Branding and Marking Guidelines.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 41 STRATEGIC APPROACH 3: INCREASE INCENTIVES FOR MARINE STEWARDSHIP

This quarter, the USAID SEA Project continued to implement activities related to increasing incentives for marine stewardship, following three key streams:

(1) Developing markets for sustainable fisheries, through two key approaches: • Fair Trade Certification • Fisheries Improvement Projects (2) Promoting and developing sustainable marine tourism and alternative livelihood opportunities (3) Promoting preferential, managed, and secure access to marine resources.

DEVELOPING MARKETS FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES

Fair Trade Certification

While the contract with MDPI will end in June 2020, per agreed work plan, no USAID SEA Project funds have been allocated to MDPI’s Fair Trade (FT) work activities due to the completion of this work within the USAID SEA. Therefore, from January to March 2020, all activities associated with MDPI’s FT work were co-financed by funds from the Coral Triangle Processors. However, the activities are building upon and continuing the work of the USAID SEA Project, with key outputs as follows:

• Due to prevailing market conditions, the purchasing capacity for FT products (i.e. the number of FT groups from which fish will be purchased) and the value premiums associated with the purchases both declined this quarter. As reported in the last quarter, a total 12 FAs are impacted by this decline. Of these, five FAs on SEA Project sites are impacted (two in , North Maluku and three in North Seram, Maluku). Therefore, socialization work was undertaken with the FT fisher associations and relevant committees to ensure full awareness of these changes. This includes a reduction in value premiums from an average .30 cents per kg to .20 cents per kg which has resulted in a decrease of premium pay. This decline started in February 2020 and the magnitude of the impact varies from site to site (for example, FA Ternate’s premium pay ended up reduced by around $150 USD, while premium pay in Bisa was impacted far greater, with a reduction of around $4,000 USD premium pay). • A meeting was hosted on January 16 by the Ternate Tobelo FT Committee to discuss with all fisher associations under this committee: (1) the importance of continued vessel registration, (2) the importance of fisher ID cards (Kartu Kusuka), and (3) the approval of premium fund program proposals and distribution of funds. The meeting was attended by representatives from all fisher associations under the committee, as well as DKP North Maluku. The meeting led to the distribution of 211,080,000 IDR in premium funds on January 17 and 18. • Preparations began this quarter for the upcoming FT audit (due to take place in April 2020). For this, the FT team in MDPI worked closely with the fisher associations, suppliers, warehouses, and miniplants to help them prepare. This included coaching provided to each stakeholder group on FT standards and support completing the various FT documents required for the audit.

In addition, and separate from the Tuna Fair Trade above, USAID SEA partner WCS conducted fish handling training this quarter for reef fishers, particularly those targeting snapper and grouper fisheries. The event aimed to improve fish quality for trade and thereby increase the market value. The training participants included select representatives from fisher communities, fish collectors, and DKP staff.

42 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Moreover, the training served as a discussion platform between WCS, the fishers, and the representatives from government bodies (Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency and provincial DKP) regarding current fishing practices.

Fisheries Improvement Project

Shrimp Fisheries Improvement Project (FIP) in South Sorong. Work on the development of this FIP has been ongoing since 2017, and is being designed to complement and support the efforts of the South Sorong MPA in promoting sustainable fisheries. The FIP is being implemented by partners WWF-Indonesia through their ‘Seafood Savers’ scheme, whereby sustainable management is promoted through the relevant fishery businesses and industry partners. In South Sorong, the company PT Irian Marine Product Development (IMPD) handle an estimated 60 percent of all shrimp production from the region, and are therefore the main partners in this work. FIP establishment follows a three-step process (as shown in figure 16). Work is currently focused on step 1.2 (MSC Pre-Assessment) (see box two).

In this quarter, daily data collection continued (on-going since 2017) in the three largest shrimp producing areas: (1) Konda-Wamargege, (2) Bakoi-Konda, and (3) Mate Villages. Results to date suggest shrimp production from this region is around 100 tonnes / year, with harvest comprised predominantly of jerbung shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis), ende shrimp (Metapenaeus endeavori), and tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon).

Figure 16: A three-step process for FIP development: WWF-Indonesia.

As part of the MSC Pre-Assessment process, a survey meeting was held with fishers and collectors on Janaury 28 at PT IMPD’s fishing camp in Seneboi, with discussions focused on the legality of the , catch data, fishing gear specifications, fishing techniques, and product traceability. As follow up, on January 29 the assessor held a meeting with DKP South Sorongto collect further information and insight into shrimp fishery management efforts to date, particularly related to product traceability from fisher to company and on to distribution. On January 30, the assessor met with DKP West Papua, and associated provincial level agencies and academic representatives, to discuss the data on shrimp fisheries collected to date, including the catch data, trammel net vessel data, and associated research conducted into shrimp stocks and shrimp biology, as well as existing provincial policies related to shrimp fisheries.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 43

Box Two: Step 1.2: MSC Pre-Assessment Process

The pre-assessment process involves data collection from both direct in-field surveying and stakeholder consultations (through the form of interviews). This data is then compiled under three key ‘principles’ (as outlined in the below charts) and reviewed by a third-party assessor (from Indonesia’s MSC Project Coordination Unit). The results of this work lead to the production of the FIP scoping document that outlines observations, insights and recommendations for achieving FIP status. This will then guide and inform the development of the FIP Action Plan (step 2), which will be implemented by a multi-stakeholder FIP committee.

44 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Production of the pre-assessment report is now in process and is expected to be available by May 2020. Once this is available, any missing data will be reviewed and information collated where required (either via desk-based research or through site visits). Once the report is finalized, a public consultation will be held to review the results and get stakeholder input into the steps required to address the findings and recommendations of the report.

Training for Shrimp Product Diversity in South Sorong. During extensive time spent working with shrimp fishers in the field in South Sorong, WWF-Indonesia observed an abundance of shrimp byproduct (shrimps heads) being discarded. Recognizing that this resource could be utilized to promote income generation, WWF implemented a training program for fishers and collectors in environmentally friendly processing systems for shrimp-based byproducts (heads, skin, and meat).

Following the training, three fishery business groups were formed to capitalize on the opportunities for market generation promoted in the training.

(1) Swiss Joint Business Group in Seyolo Village, Teminabuan District (2) Konwar Joint Business Group in Wamargege Village, Konda District (3) Matsol Joint Business Group in Mate Hamlet (Kampung), Inanwatan District.

Since these fishery business groups were formed, USAID SEA Partner WWF-Indonesia (with the involvement of wider support organizations, including the University of Muhammadiyah, University of Papua, Health Agency of West Papua, and DKP West Papua) have been supporting these fishery business groups on issues such as product development, testing the product, and ensuring the product meets all requirements for certification and marketing.

PROMOTING AND DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE MARINE TOURISM AND ALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES

At the national level, support for the development of sustainable marine tourism and alternative livelihood opportunities focused on the following key areas of work:

“Sustainable Tourism around Marine Protected Areas: A practical handbook for implementation in Indonesia”. Marine Change have been leading the development of this handbook as a follow-up to the early release of the NOAA best practices document. The handbook draws on a rich body of knowledge to guide the application of sustainable tourism to benefit existing and emerging MPAs.

Designed as a practical tool, the handbook’s key audience is institutions (private or public) that operate within and adjacent to MPAs, such as hotels, guest houses, homestays, restaurants, tour operators, guides, dive and snorkel operators, and other water-based activities operators. It is not intended as an exhaustive guide, but rather as an introduction to key topics and practical information about sustainability and how to apply sustainability principles to tourism. The handbook is divided into four main sections: (1) introduction to sustainable tourism, (2) engaging in sustainable tourism, (3) a “How To” guide about implementing best practices towards sustainable marine tourism, and (4) a scorecard to check progress.

On February 11–12, the USAID SEA Project conducted a workshop to share the draft handbook and gather input from all USAID SEA Project NGO partners, MMAF, and NOAA (20 participants). This led to the last adjustments being made and the finalization of the handbook. The document is currently in

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 45 English and can be accessed through the following link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1AbS- wLZAOBpNzrVIPYRRGNgRmp4MQBiU?usp=sharing. The document is now in the process of Bahasa Indonesia translation. Once complete, the handbook will be realized through a workshop in Ambon, planned for June 2020.

Developing a MMAF Ministerial Regulation for Sustainable Marine Tourism. Responsible and sustainable marine tourism management is essential for coastal and marine conservation and sustainable use, particularly in relation to areas under MPA designation. In this quarter, WWF-Indonesia have supported MMAF to draft a new policy and associated guidelines for responsible marine tourism management in Indonesia, to serve as a reference resource for local governments, tourism providers, and communities. The draft regulation is anticipated to be ready for proposal to the Minister in April 2020 and will be shared with USAID as soon as it is ready.

Assessing Private Sector Contributions to MPAs in Indonesia. This quarter, USAID SEA Project partner Marine Change conducted an assessment of private sector contributions to MPA management in Indonesia. The assessment focused on four key case studies, and involved desktop research as well as interviews with various stakeholders involved in the initiatives.

• Bird’s Head Seascape — this network of 20 MPAs has dramatically increased protection of a large area of extremely high biodiverse habitat, drawing international acclaim and boosting tourism. Initially driven and established by international funders and NGOs, the success of this initiative is due in no small measure to the contributions of the private sector, including homestays, resorts, and dive operators, among others. • Signing Blue, an initiative of World Wildlife Fund Indonesia (WWF) — this program aims to promote best practices by setting out guidelines and standards for participating tourism businesses, rating them on a 5-“starfish” scale and incentivizing environmental stewardship, which in turn supports marine protection. • Green Fins — this program lays out guidelines and standards for dive operators, raising awareness among businesses and guests, and ultimately aiming to support marine conservation. • TAKSA (tangan untuk bangsa, or “hands for the nation”), an initiative of Reef Check — this program mentors small-scale entrepreneurs in remote areas adjacent to MPAs and provides an e-commerce platform for their products and services, aiming to support marine conservation by providing alternative livelihoods to resource extraction.

As the USAID SEA Project enters its final year, it is important that these case studies inform the private sector entities doing business adjacent to and inside of the newly established MPAs, now and in the future. It is hoped that the lessons learned from each of the four case studies examined in the assessment will be incorporated into the design and implementation of current USAID SEA Project sites (particularly initiatives such as TAKSA, which are appropriate for early stage MPA development), and can be used as a reference for future projects, with the initial achievements of these pioneering programs built upon going forward.

46 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 North Maluku

Widi.

Identifying Potential Public–Private Partnership (PPP) Support for the Widi Island MPA Management Plan.

In the development process for the Widi Island MPA management plan, Marine Change and WCS facilitated discussions between private sector partner PT Leadership Islands (PT LII), and the communities and government agencies. The discussions aimed to explore mechanisms for PPP support to be appropriately recognized and incorporated into MPA planning. The management plan includes a range of restrictions on marine resource use in the area, including the banning of long line spearguns, whale shark feeding and jet skis in the tourism zones, with these activities dependent on acquiring special permits in the wider area of the MPA. In terms of the contributions and support anticipated from PT LII, their role and responsibilities were more clearly provided in the plan, including supporting biological and ecological research in the MPA, biological monitoring, surveillance patrols for IUU fishing within 7 km radius of the islands, and supporting sustainable livelihood activities. Moving forward, Marine Change and WCS will facilitate more detailed discussions between PT LII and DKP on the joint management activities outlined in the plan.

The report on Private Sector Influence in North Maluku: Survey and Analysis of Extractive Industries, can be found in the following link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1CXTCiDPu_353koNW8J1E2_w84FAX-Cko?usp=sharing.

Morotai.

This site has benefited from have an Economic Rate of Return (ERR) assessment conducted by USAID SEA Project partners Marine Change through the course of work in this area. The ERR modeling provided a range of recommendations to achieve a ‘Pristine Scenario’ for Morotai, and to achieve “sustainable and inclusive investments into conservation and sustainable fisheries” in the area. Key recommendations that emerged from this modeling to achieve such investments included undertaking a carrying capacity assessment for the area, and installing mooring buoys to support the growth of the marine and dive tourism opportunities at the site while avoiding anchor damage from boats (who may anchor on the reef inadvertently in the absence of appropriate mooring facilities). All recommendations are being followed up in close coordination with the government of Morotai, including Dinas Pariwisata, DKP- Morotai, and Ibu Bupati, to achieve the ‘Pristine Scenario’ promoted through the ERR work, as follows.

• Finalizing the Morotai Carrying Capacity Assessment. This quarter Marine Change finalized the carrying capacity assessment for nine dive sites in Morotai, selected based on the number of dive centers active in those areas. The sites are all located in the Rao-Tanjung Dehegila MPA. In addition to producing the report on the sites, Marine Change also produced infographic posters showing the results. These are now ready for dissemination in Morotai. • Supporting Mooring Buoy Installation. Following the identification of sites for mooring buoys in the region (in previous quarters), Marine Change and WCS coordinated with local government this quarter to further the plan for installation in the coming months. Marine Change also socialized the plans for the buoys amongst stakeholders at the relevant sites.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 47 Box Three: Private Sector Influence in North Maluku: Survey and Analysis of Extractive Industries

When exploring partnerships with, and influence of, private sector entities in marine and coastal conservation, it is important to not overlook the impact that extractive industries can have on an area. In this quarter, the USAID SEA Project partners WCS, in cooperation with The Biodiversity Consultancy, facilitated a survey and analysis of extractive industries in North Maluku. The survey aimed to identify potential risks to MPAs and sustainable fisheries management from extractive industries present or planned in the region, and to develop recommendations to mitigate against the potential destruction that could be wrought by these industries. Some of the key recommendations included:

• Continue to support the North Maluku strategic environmental assessment (KLHS) and cumulative impacts assessment following best practice standards and using the latest available science in order to strengthen and support justifications for zone allocations within the provinces RZWP-3-K. • Develop technical guidelines and capacities of local stakeholders to improve the rigor of biodiversity risk assessments and mitigation strategies within the prevailing Environment Impact Analysis (Analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan – AMDAL) framework. • Take an active role in influencing outcomes of the AMDALs issued, as well as the relevant Environmental Management and Monitoring plans required for these mining developments (Rencana Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, and Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup).Through this, aim to ensure proper application of the Mitigation Hierarchy and Ridge-to-Reef principles by getting actively involved in the AMDAL Committee meetings. • Pursue innovative financing sources to improve governance capacity. Sources may include the central government’s ecological fiscal transfer scheme, corporate social responsibility support (CSR), international and / or national environmental funds, and payment for ecosystem services schemes. • Increase leadership of local governments by introducing sustainable development programmes conducted by other districts in the country (peer-to-peer learning). • As soon as possible, establish and maintain inter-agency coordination to resolve protection zones and mining concessions that are ‘in conflict’. • Develop and implement a robust long-term monitoring program — particularly in areas expected to receive heavy pollutant loading from the mining developments — and align these programs with recognized best practices for long-term ecological monitoring. • Establish authorized management entities for MPAs with sufficient independence to seek additional funding sources, with appropriate checks-and-balances in place to ensure financial transparency.

Identifying Tourism Related Opportunities. Through this quarter, WCS conducted site visits and FGDs across areas of Morotai that have tourism potential, in order to assess how communities may be able to capitalize on tourism business opportunities. Efforts focused on Galo-Galo, Kolorai, and , where Community Tourism Groups (POKDARWIS) have been established. It was noted from these visits that these groups require further support to develop their business plans. Therefore, meetings have been arranged for each POKDARWIS to meet with the District Tourism Agency (Dinas Pariwisata) in the next quarter.

48 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Maluku

Lease.

The proposed objective for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in Lease is to minimize the following threats to the MPA: (a) coral damage from improper anchoring , (b) overfishing, (c) increased ocean debris, (d) insufficient funding for MPA monitoring activities, and (e) continued fishing in no-take zones due to lack of economic alternatives for the fishing community. Exploring Potential PPP in Lease. Marine Change held community consultations this quarter (January 13–18) in , Lease, to explore three key areas of potential PPP engagement in the region.

(1) Community consultations with Nusa Laut villagers and the local Tourism Agency regarding tourism activities in each village. This resulted in the identification of a potential market for motorbike touring in the region, and agreement from the Tourism Agency to support the development of a brochure and tourism package for this market. The brochure has since been prepared and is now being reviewed for clearance by USAID SEA Core team. (2) Meet with Island Divers, a local dive and tour operator. This meeting revealed that the company is aiming to open a new dive center in Banda, and as such they are not willing to commit to wider marine conservation support in Lease beyond investing in a small liveaboard that will operate in the waters of Nusa Laut. (3) Preparing for PPP with JANGKAR, the Indonesian Liveaboard Association. Due to conflicts at the site, this meeting was postponed to May / June 2020, when all of the Raja (rulers) from Ambon, along with the Tourism Agency and JANGKAR representatives, will be meeting at the Spice Islands Dive Office in Ambon to sign the PPP agreement now being finalized for liveaboard access to the area.

Sawai.

Implementing the Marine Tourism Improvement Program (MTIP) in Serutbar MPA. WWF-Indonesia continued work this quarter to support the implementation of the MTIP program with two private sector partners in Serutbar MPA: Lisa Bahari Hotel and Ora Beach Resort. The MTIP follows a three-step process as shown in figure 17, including an assessment that examines the levels of commitment, willingness, and ability to implement best practices in marine tourism business, as well as efforts to educate and influence other related parties to take part in responsible maritime tourism; providing a ranking based on results (Starfish 1 to Starfish 5), (table 13).

In this quarter, the results for Ora Beach Resort were finalized; both partner sites have now completed this assessment (table 14). (See previous quarterly report for more detail about these site-based assessments). The results of the assessments will contribute towards action plan developments for each of the sites, with the next steps outlined in table 15.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 49 • Conduct an assessment based on indicators of sustainability principles (Environmental, Social-culture, and Effectve management) ✓ MTIP Assesment •Starfish level (1–5) ✓ and Action Plan • Action plan recomendation ✓

•Action plan technical consultation and implementation MTIP •Technical assistance and capacity building Implementation

•Periodic monitoring for a minimum of 6 months Monitoring and •Second assessment to assess the performance improvement of the company and starfish level Evaluation

Figure 17: Process steps for the Marine Tourism Improvement Program (MTIP).

Table 13: The MTIP assessment grades from 1 (fundamental) to 5 (advanced).

Level Tourism Operator is able to …. … express knowledge and commitment towards responsible business and sustainable tourism 1 practices.

… demonstrate commitment to implement best practices (minor implementation = < 50 2 percent of the applicant’s internal staff commit to, and implement, the practices).

… carry out the principles of responsible marine tourism by involving related parties (major 3 implementation = > 50 percent of the applicant’s internal staff commit to, and implement, best practices). … educate and motivate wider related parties to apply responsible marine tourism practices 4 (minor contribution = < 50 percent of the applicant’s related external parties).

… show innovative tourism programs, creating significant impact for environmental sustainability and supporting socio-economic-cultural subjects; aiding in the reduction of 5 carbon footprints, and able to influence policies and regulations in the subject of sustainable natural resource management (major contribution = > 50 percent of the applicant’s related external parties).

Table 14: MTIP assessment scores for Lisar Bahari Hotel (LB) and Ora Beach Resort (OB).

Principles

SITE LB OB LB OB LB OB LB OB LB OB Environment 89% 89% 56% 67% 25% 22% 13% 25% 13% 0% Social, Economic, and Cultural 80% 100% 60% 60% 40% 0% 50% 0% 0% 0% Effective Management 56% 90% 40% 57% 50% 43% 14% 22% 36% 45% Total 75% 93% 52% 61% 38% 22% 26% 16% 16% 15%

50 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 15: Marine Tourism Improvement Program — next steps in Serutbar, from March 2020.

NEXT STEPS M A M J J A S MTIP Action Action plan technical consultation and implementation X Plan Technical assistance and capacity building X X X Monitoring and Periodic monitoring for a minimum of three months X Evaluation Second assessment to assess levels of performance X improvement and starfish ranking

Figure 18: Results of the Carrying Capacity Assessment conducted in Serutbar MPA.

Finalizing Carrying Capacity Assessment for Serutbar MPA. The carrying capacity assessment for eight key dive sites in Serutbar MPA began in FY19 and was finalized this quarter. Results show the maximum number of divers for each of the sites per year. With all sites combined this reveals an optimal number of divers to the area as 27,070 (see figure 18). These results have since been adopted into the draft management and zoning plan (RPZ) for Serutbar MPA.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 51 PROMOTING PREFERENTIAL, MANAGED, AND SECURE ACCESS TO MARINE RESOURCES

Maluku

USAID SEA Project partners ILMMA continued work this quarter supporting 22 locally managed marine areas in Central Maluku and West Seram.

Table 16: Managed Access Areas being supported by SEA Project partner ILMMA in Maluku.

Village Name Population Fishing NTZ / STATUS M F Area / sasi TURF (ha) (ha) CENTRAL MALUKU 1 Aketernate 308 479 10,409 173 Village regulation signed & endorsed 2 Kobi Sadar 1,258 22,838 807 Joint village regulation signed & endorsed 3 Kobi Sonta 1,735 4 Samal 1,109 5 Karlutu 318 275 3,645 17.52 Area mapped and regulation drafted Warasiwa WEST SERAM 6 Hatunuru 210 203 469 12.5 Village regulation signed & endorsed 7 Kasieh 837 531 6,014 52 Kasieh and Hulung while separatedly regulated, collectively 8 Hulung 203 262 8,221 manage their joint no-take zone. Area mapped and regulation signed by community. Awaiting endorsement from the Head of the Sub-district (Kaseih); Village regulation signed & endorsed (Hulung) 9 Taniwel 779 369 4,844 45 Village regulation signed & endorsed 10 Murnaten 875 892 21,615 184 Village regulation signed & endorsed 11 Wakolo 232 290 1,023 38.46 Wakolo and Lisabat while separatedly regulated, collectively 12 Lisabata 981 953 6,840 manage their joint no-take zone. Area mapped and regulation signed by community. Wakolo is signed and endorsed, Lisabata is awaiting endorsement from the Head of the Sub- district 13 Niwelehu 461 425 969 271.21 Village regulation signed & endorsed 14 Nukuhai 195 176 2,666 14.08 Area mapped and regulation signed by community. Awaiting endorsement from the Head of the Sub-district 15 Sukaraja 279 258 700 0.81 Village regulation signed & endorsed 16 Uwen 205 197 688 12.58 Uwen Pantai and Waraloin while separatedly regulated, Pantai collectively manage their joint no-take zone. Area mapped 17 Waraloin 188 168 217 and regulation drafted. Uwen Pantai Village regulation signed & endorsed. Waraloin regulation in final draft review stage. 18 Pasinalu 295 276 1,254 32.17 Area mapped and regulation signed by community. Awaiting endorsement from the Head of the Sub-district 19 Souhuwe 348 304 1,135.46 77.19 Area mapped and regulation drafted 20 Maloang 59 69 Not yet TBD Regulation drafted pending map production (expected to be Mapped mapped end July or early August 2019) 21 Lumah Pelu 288 281 53.96 4.52 Area mapped and regulation drafted 22 Walakone 297 240 496 8.24 Area mapped and regulation drafted Totals 18,108 94,097 1,577

The workplan for this quarter had to be adjusted to accommodate the region’s annual Village Thanksgiving Ceremony (Perayaan Ucapan Syukur Desa), which takes place every first and second week of January, as well as preparations for village elections that began in February. Nonetheless, key achievements this quarter fell under three categories, as follows.

52 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 (1) Program Outreach — included activities at a range of sites. • On February 3, ILMMA was invited to present their work in Central Maluku and West Seram to the provincial marine spatial planning agency in DKP Maluku. At this meeting, ILMMA was requested to provide all the various maps of the traditional fishing grounds, local marine managed areas, and no-take zones developed under the initiative so that the province may recognize these sites in their MSP implementation. This is a considerable achievement, and exemplifies the increased recognition government agencies are giving community managed sites in recent times. • On March 15 ILMMA was requested by the Acting Village Head of Nikulukan to present the ILMMA program and activities. Since 2018 (when work began with this village) there have been a number of Acting Village Heads, making it difficult to progress effective decision making and maintain institutional knowledge of work undertaken. Therefore, this request was an opportunity to advance work at this site. ILMMA took to the meeting two champions from partner communities (Hatunuru and Kasieh) to share their own experiences in establishing locally managed marine areas and implementing village regulations for no-take zones. The meeting was attended by 39 participants, including village government officials, village leaders and elders, and representatives of womens groups, fisher associations, and youth groups. ILMMA presented on the importance of establishing these sites to protect marine ecosystems and ensure sustainable fishery stocks for the community (with the no-take zone serving as a ‘fish bank’). The conversation also covered issues related to some of the challenges faced by the area, particularly destructive fishing (poison fishing and small mesh nets), shark finning, illegal turtle harvesting, and marine debris. The meeting resulted in the Acting Village Head and community representatives agreeing to progress with the marine managed area establishment, and the passing of an associated village regulation within two days of the meeting (March 17). • In this quarter, support was also provided to the villages of Pasnialu and Hatunuru to establish community conservation teams to manage the village-designated marine managed areas. These teams will undertake routine monitoring of the traditional fishing grounds as well as be responsible for enforcing the village regulations. As such, these teams are important role models, and it is anticipated that wider communities may follow suite in the coming months.

(2) Community Surveys for Fish Catch — took place in March (beginning March 9) in Nikulukan and Niwelehu. These surveys were supported by the ILMMA team. The fish catch data collected is used to inform and guide communities on the efficacies of the sites, reinforce management measures, and enable adaptive management processes.

(3) Training and Capacity Building — from January 26–30, nine village champions participated in BCC training in Ambon. These champions represented the six villages of Karlutu Warasiwa, Hatunuru, Pasinalu, Nukuhai, and Kasieh. This training is important to enable these champions to improve their capacity to influence fellow community members by promoting marine and coastal conservation and compliance with village regulations over the marine managed areas.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 53 West Papua

Joint Village Regulation Finalized for Community Fisheries Agreement in Dampier Strait. In this quarter, USAID SEA partner Rare finalized the joint village regulation for seven villages on Salawati Island (East Jeffman, West Jeffman, Samate, Wailen, Wamega, Kapatlap, and Sakabu). The regulation outlines management mechanisms, rules, and guidelines for the management of the area jointly governed by these communities. The regulation was finally endorsed and signed on February 17. This is a significant accomplishment, signifying one of the first formal recognitions of community customary tenure rights in the region, with endorsement reflected through the 2019 Bupati Decree on Customary Communities (Masyarakat Hukum Adat, Decree no. 42/2019).

Joint Village Regulation Initiated for Community Fisheries Agreement in Mayalibit Bay. Following the success of the joint village agreement in Dampier Strait, Rare is now assisting two villages in Mayalibit Bay (Mumes and Yensner) to create a similar joint village regulation. Workshops and meetings with both villages were conducted this quarter, and the resultant draft village regulation has now been submitted to the Legal Bureau of the District Government of Raja Ampat for review.

Traditional Community Based Fisheries Management in Bintuni Bay. Figure 19 shows the process steps for establishing traditional community-based fisheries management (TCBFM) in Bintuni Bay. In this quarter, work led by WWF-Indonesia progressed to the ‘Agreement’ stage, with efforts focused on public consultations and the development of village regulations (as highlighted in figure 19).

Figure 19: Process steps to achieve traditional community-based fisheries management in Bintuni Bay.

54 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Development of Village Regulations. The development of village regulations for the TCBFM is being implemented in accordance with the stages stipulated in Law no. 6/2014 concerning villages, and is technically regulated under the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation no. 111/2014 concerning Rules of Technical Guidelines in the Village. These stages are illustrated figure 20.

Figure 20: Stages in the formation of Village Regulations as per regulation no. 111/2014.

Priority sites for village regulation development, and their current status are shown below.

Table 17: Status of Village Regulation development in Bintuni Bay.

DISTRICT VILLAGES CURRENT STEP NOTES Wamesa Mamuranu, Following the successful basic training for Anakasi, and sustainable fisheries management last quarter, PLANNING Yensei in this quarter, work began with all three villages on drafting their village regulations. SUB-DISTRICT VILLAGE CURRENT STEP NOTES Manimeri Korano Jaya Draft has been finalized and is currently undergoing evaluation by Bintuni Bay District EVALUATION Government. After this, the regulation will move to ‘Clarification’ stage (aim early April). Kuri Sarbe Draft is ready for public consultation, though DISCUSSION may be delayed due to isolation measures being implemented for COVID-19.

Each of the village regulations are tailored to the circumstances of the area, but will have commonalities in terms of accommodating the results of a variety of fisheries studies including the status of Mangrove Crab EAFM, Better Management Practices (BMP) for ETP Species Bycatch, and BMP for Mud Crab amongst others. Table 18 provides an example of the ways in which project references are being captured and articulated within the articles of the village regulations.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 55 Table 18: Example of project references captured and articulated in village regulations, Bintuni Bay, Korano Jaya village.

List of articles in the village regulation Project Reference CHAPTER II BMP Mud Crab Article 3 (a): Establish a sustainable and responsible natural resource management system. 1. Maintain the sustainability of CHAPTER IV mud crab resources and Article 11 paragraph 1: Every fisherman or community fishing group in the area of ecosystems through Korano Jaya Village can carry out the sale of marine products that are not protected environmentally friendly by law. fishing methods. CHAPTER V 2. Increase the knowledge of Article 12 paragraphs (1) and (2): Organization of fishermen groups and the obligation fishers in mud crab BMP to report their catches to Korano Jaya Village officials periodically. 3. Secure the livelihoods of mud CHAPTER VI crab fishers through Article 14 paragraph (2): Every village community, especially the Korano Jaya Village sustainable practices and good community, is obliged to protect species or biota that have been protected by post-capture handling. applicable law. CHAPTER IV USAID SEA Project target Article 11 paragraph 2: Indigenous and local communities of Korano Jaya Village who use traditional fishing gear obtain priority permit access to the use of sea products in the area allocated as a Traditional Community-Based Fisheries Management area. CHAPTER II EAFM Mud Crab Assessment Article 3 paragraphs (1), (2), and (3): Establish a sustainable resource management 1. Fish resources domain system, maintain ecosystem functions, and increase the economic benefits of coastal 2. Habitat and ecosystem and marine resources for the welfare of the community of Korano Jaya Village. domain Article 4: Coordination of management policies in synergy between sectors, 3. Fishing techniques domain increasing the role of local communities, creating a balance between resource use and 4. Economy domain preservation of ecological functions, and accommodating the interests of local 5. Social domain communities. 6. Institutional domain CHAPTER IV Article 6 paragraph (1), (2), and (3): Manage the institutional mechanism and enforcement of regulations. Article 7: Fishing activities for fishermen from outside the area of Korano Jaya Village must follow the procedures of the Village Government. Article 8: Improving the economy and welfare of local fishermen by regulating the sale and purchase value and results of marine resources in the form of a Decree of the Village Head. Article 9: Manage fishing equipment which is not allowed to be used in the Korano Jaya Village area. Article 10: Villagers or outside fishermen are only allowed to use environmentally friendly fishing gear such as; nylon, jaring berlabuh, jala, bubu, kalawai, and gai-gai. Article 13: Minimize fishing violations by activating community-based surveillance activities. CHAPTER VI Article 14 paragraph (3): Every resident of Korano Jaya Village has the right and responsibility to participate in the management planning of coastal and marine resources in protected areas. CHAPTER IV ETP Species Protection (BMP Article 11 paragraph (1): Every fisherman or community fishing group in the Korano ETP Species Bycatch) Jaya Village area can carry out the sale of marine products that are not protected by law. CHAPTER VI Article 14 (2): Every community, in particular the Korano Jaya Village community, shall protect species or biota that have been protected by applicable law.

56 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 STRATEGIC APPROACH 4: ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE AND FISHERIES POLICIES AND REGULATIONS

Under this strategic approach, work continues to advance the development of 24 marine and fisheries policies and regulations. These statues fall under the four ‘Technical Approaches’ of the USAID SEA Project, as well as marine and fisheries governance; as shown in below table.

Table 19: Laws, policies, and associated legal frameworks supported by the USAID SEA Project.

Stage * Statute / policy name and type Level 1 2 3 EAFM 1 Amendment of Fisheries Law (SSF Definition and other input) National X Ministerial Regulation on the FMA 715 Small Pelagic Harvest Strategy (not yet in 2 National policy stage) Governor Regulation on the Snapper and Grouper Harvest Strategy for North 3 North Maluku Maluku (not yet in policy stage) Joint Village Regulation on Local Fisheries Resource Management in North and 4 West Papua X X Central Salawati, Raja Ampat 5 Logbook Policy for Small Scale Fishers National X MPA Amendment to MMAF Ministerial Regulation no.30/2010 on MPA Management 6 National X and Zoning Plans Technical Guidelines for the MMAF Ministerial Regulation no.13/2014 on MPAs 7 National X and MPA Network development MSP 8 PerDa no.2 on the North Maluku RZWP-3-K (2018–2038) North Maluku X X Governor Decree on the implementation of the RZWP-3-K PerDa in North 9 North Maluku X Maluku 10 PerDa no.1 on the Maluku RZWP-3-K (2018–2038) Maluku X X 11 Governor Decree on the implementation of the RZWP-3-K PerDa in Maluku Maluku 12 PerDa on West Papua RZWP-3-K (2019–2039) West Papua X X Governor Decree on the implementation of the RZWP-3-K PerDa in West 13 West Papua Papua Law Enforcement MMAF Ministerial Regulation on Community-based Marine and Fisheries 14 National X Surveillance Systems Marine and Fisheries Compliance Strategy and Management Framework for 15 National X National and Provincial Levels MMAF Ministerial Regulation on the Implementation of Guidelines for the Port 16 National X X State Measures Agreement (PSMA) Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) production to support the Technical 17 National X Implementation of PSMA for the Indonesian PSM Secretary 18 Governor Regulation on Combatting Destructive Fishing in North Maluku North Maluku X 19 Governor Regulation on Combatting Destructive Fishing in Maluku Maluku X 20 Governor Regulation on Combatting Destructive Fishing in West Papua West Papua X Marine and Fisheries Governance 21 RPJMD North Maluku and DKP Strategic Plan 2019–2024 North Maluku X 22 RPJMD Maluku and DKP Strategic Plan 2019–2024 Maluku X 23 Revision of RPJMD West Papua and DKP Strategic Plan 2017–2022 West Papua X Statute to support Village Funds to ensure sustainability of local fisheries and 24 National MPA management with lessons learned from USAID SEA Project areas X * Stages are as follows: 1=Initiated, 2= Endorsed or Accepted, 3=Authorized.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 57 The statutes in table 19 need to reach “Stage 2” in order to qualify as a deliverable / PMI metric under the USAID SEA Project. Overall to date, five statutes have reached “Stage 2” (two of which were achieved this quarter, #4 and #12):

#4: Joint Village Regulation on Local Fisheries Resource Management in North and Central Salawati, Raja Ampat #8: PerDa no.2 on the North Maluku RZWP-3-K (2018–2038) #10: PerDa no.1 on the Maluku RZWP-3-K (2018–2038) #12: PerDa on West Papua RZWP-3-K (2019–2039) #16: MMAF Ministerial Regulation on the Implementation of Guidelines for the Port State Measures Agreement (PSMA)

Details of key work undertaken this quarter is as follows.

EAFM related law and policy support

Supporting the Development of a Governor Regulation for the Snapper and Grouper Harvest Strategy in North Maluku [#3 in the above table]. The policy process for governor regulations to support harvest strategies commences once the technical documentation for each harvest strategy is complete. In this quarter, work progressed considerably on the technical documentation for the snapper and grouper harvest strategy in North Maluku (for more information see section1, sub-section on EAFM). While these documents are technically still in review process, the USAID SEA Project policy team began discussions with the Head of DKP North Maluku on March 4 to begin preparing the steps required for governor regulation production. This process will require stakeholder consultations about the management measures proposed in the harvest strategy (particularly with fishers and fishing business representatives). These consultations were originally anticipated to commence in April, however with the COVID-19 outbreak, these have been postponed until an appropriate time.

Supporting the Development of Joint Village Regulations on Local Fisheries Resource Management in North and Central Salawati, Raja Ampat, West Papua [#4]. This statute successfully progressed to stage 2 in this quarter. Following extensive work by the USAID SEA Project policy team, partners Rare, the District government of Raja Ampat and the customary-law representatives of North and Central Salawati, the Joint Village Regulation was passed on February 17 (no. 1/2020). This regulation stipulates fishery resource management requirements, including ecosystem management, adherence to no-take zones, limitations of prohibited activities in the area, limitations of gear types permissible, and sanctions for non-compliance. This regulation marks an important and significant recognition of traditional customary law by the formal government processes. Rare are now utilizing the lessons learned to replicate this process in two communities in Mayalibit Bay (Mumes and Yensner), with the aim to create a similar joint village regulation.

MPA related law and policy support

Supporting the Development of Technical Guidelines for the MMAF Ministerial Regulation no.13/2014 on MPAs and MPA Network development [#7]. The contents of these technical guidelines have been reviewed and accepted by KKHL Directorate, and in this quarter, work focused on progressing the layout and presenting these guidelines appropriately for final review, approval and dissemination. The final laid out version is now being processed

58 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 through the KKHL Directorate to be endorsed by the Director General of Marine Spatial Management in the next quarter. At this point, this statute will move to stage 2.

MSP related law and policy support

Supporting the Development of a Governor Decree on the implementation of the RZWP-3-K PerDa in North Maluku [#9]. Detailed information of this activity is described in section 2, sub-section on marine spatial planning.

Finalizing the production of a PerDa for the West Papua RZWP-3-K (2019–2039) [#12]. This statute successfully moved to stage 2 this quarter, with final endorsement received. The final PerDa document is anticipated to be released for distribution next quarter (see more information in section 2, sub-section on marine spatial planning).

Law Enforcement related law and policy support

Starting to Support the Development of a Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) for the PSM Secretary related to PSMA Technical Implementation [#17]. Last quarter saw significant success in this area, through the issuance of MMAF Regulation no. 39/2019 on the “Implementation of Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing”. Following this achievement, this quarter the USAID SEA Project has taken another step forward to support the PSM Secretary within MMAF to be ready to implement the PSMA in alignment with the FAO agreement and the MMAF regulation. On 4 and 14 February USAID SEA Project policy team attended discussions hosted by the MMAF Directorate of Fishing Ports to explore the next steps needed to develop and equip the PSM Secretary with the resources required for implementation. These discussions also involved the Directorate of Fisheries Resource Surveillance, MMAF Legal Bureau, Legal and Institutional Division of DG Capture Fisheries, and MMAF Training Centers.

The result of these meetings was agreement on a rough draft SOP for the PSM Secretary that covers 19 technical protocols as guidance for analysts and inspectors under the PSM. The draft was presented to an FAO representative visiting MMAF from 17–19 February who expressed appreciation and recognition of MMAF and partners work in collaboratively advancing PSM in Indonesia. Moving forward the SOP will be further refined with input from NOAA OLE. However, such steps have so far been delayed due to the outbreak of COVID-19.

Supporting DKP North Maluku and West Papua to Develop Policy Papers for Governor Regulations on their Provincial Action Plans to Combat Destructive Fishing [#18 and #20]. In this quarter these two policy papers have been completed, intended to provide academic justifications to process the existing action plans through endorsement by governor regulation. The draft policy paper for North Maluku was submitted to the Head of DKP North Maluku on March 4 and is now undergoing review. Meanwhile the draft policy paper for West Papua Province has been finalized and is ready to submit to the Head of DKP North Maluku next quarter.

Marine and Fisheries Governance

Streamlining Strategic Programs for EAFM, MPA, MSP and Law Enforcement into Medium Term Development Plans and DKP Strategic Plans for North Maluku, Maluku and West Papua [#21, #22, #24]. After providing strategic input to the Provincial Medium-Term Development Plans (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah – RPJMD)

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 59 and DKP Provincial Strategic Plans in all three provinces in the previous quarter, the USAID SEA Project this quarter reviewed the final draft documents at the request of the respective provincial DKPs. This revealed that almost all of the recommendations provided by the USAID SEA Project had been accommodated in the documents, which was very rewarding. Nonetheless, some issues were still uncovered in the documents as follows:

• Disharmony between the final draft RPJMD for Maluku and North Maluku and the final draft revised RPJMD for West Papua with the National Medium-Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional – RPJMN) produced in draft in January; particularly related to stipulations and substance on marine and fisheries management. • Lack of integration between provincial marine spatial plans (RZWP-3-K) and terrestrial spatial plans (Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah – RTRW). It is noted that much of the terrestrial planning identified in the RTRW will have a destructive impact on the marine and coastal environment, as these two plans have not been appropriately harmonized. • Challenges articulating and committing to effective MPA management under provincial DKP offices.

Based on these observations, the USAID SEA Project has recommended further work is done to: (1) synchronize provincial RPJMDs with the national RPJMN; (2) review and harmonize provincial RZWP-3-K and RTRW plans to ensure the marine and coastal environment is safeguarded, and (3) to mainstream priority programs related to local fisheries management, MPA, MSP, and Law Enforcement into DKP operations. These recommendations were shared with the respective provincial DKP and Bappeda offices on February 26 (for West Papua) and March 4 (for North Maluku). Recommendations will be shared with DKP Maluku early next quarter.

Supporting MMAF and Provincial DKPs to mobilize Village Funds to Support Local Fisheries Management and MPAs in Coastal Communities [#24]. As part of the efforts to institutionalize sustainable fisheries, support MPAs, and promote law enforcement at the village level, the USAID SEA Project (through WWF, WCS, and CTC) began this quarter to assist community-based groups (such as POKMASWAS, POKDARWIS, and fisher groups) to influence village governments to allocate village funds to their work. In order to support these groups, the USAID SEA Project Core team has developed recommendation notes for village governments and has initiated dialogue with DKP, Bappeda and the Agency of Village Empowerment at district levels to advocate for significant allocations of funds, particularly in areas where the USAID SEA Project has been active.

The first discussion with these agencies was held on February 14 in Masohi, Central Maluku District, resulting in agreement to prioritize the allocation of funds to community-based surveillance activities, vessel registrations, and sanitation programs (including waste management) in priority areas, including Sawai, South Buano, and Ameth.

It was also recommended that the USAID SEA Project further discuss with the Ministry of Village Empowerment to ensure that these programs are also recognized in the national technical guidelines for the allocation of village funds for fiscal year 2021. Such guidelines can validate these activities in the eyes of village government, and encourage such allocations of funds. This recommendation was shared with the MMAF Planning Bureau on March 12, resulting in agreement for the USAID SEA Project to draft a policy paper for the Bureau to take to the Ministry of Village Empowerment accordingly. This activity will continue in the next quarter.

60 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 STRATEGIC APPROACH 5: INSTITUTIONALIZE TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING

In this quarter of FY20, training and capacity building work continued to support all key technical approaches of the USAID SEA Project at the provincial level (see below).

Table 20: List of training activities implemented in the second quarter of FY20 (* = in process of verification)

Participants Lead Training Topic Topic Category Dates Location M F Sea Champions Training January 27–30, SEA Communications Ambon 26 12 “Driving for Action” 2020, Feb 17–18, 19 4 WCS Training on Fish Handling* EAFM Ternate 2020 Feb 17–19, 29 1 WCS Basic Training for Pokmaswas* LE Ternate 2020 Journalists Workshop for Mainstreaming Fisheries February 21– SEA Communications Ternate 18 9 Management and Marine 22, 2020 Resources Issues in Ternate

Training for Extension Service March 3–4, SEA Officers in Small-Scale Fishing EAFM Ternate 8 3 2020 Logbook Implementation Basic Training of Community March 3–5, WWF LE Bintuni 21 1 based Surveillance Group 2020 Marine Protected Area (MPA) March 16–19, WCS MPA Ternate 15 21 101 training 2020 TOTALS 136 51

A total of 187 people received training this quarter. In addition to this, a training completed in the last quarter on Sustainable Fisheries training in Bintuni (December 9–11), was reported this quarter (13 participants), contributing to the overall participant numbers this quarter reaching 200. Of these, 147 participants have been verified and are being reported against PMI tracking.

The majority of trainings this quarter took place in North Maluku; and it is noteworthy that nearly one- third of all training participants (28 percent) this quarter were women. This quarter a technical training on MPA Management Plan implementation, including sustainable financing, was planned to be conducted in the last week of March in collaboration with NOAA. However, this was postponed due to COVID-19 and is aimed to be rescheduled for sometime in June or July 2020.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 61

Figure 21: Training participants by gender (left) and geographical location (right).

In addition to delivering training, a range of activities continued this quarter on progress for institutionalizing capacity building.

Standard operation procedure (SOP) drafted for Port State Measures (PSM) implementation. On March 4, the General Directorate of Capture Fisheries hosted a workshop, with the USAID SEA Project support, to develop an SOP to technically guide Fisheries Surveillance Officers and Port Officers at PSM-designated ports to carry out their roles effectively, and in line with the PSM Agreement. (For more information see section 3, sub-section on laws and policies).

MPA and MPA Network Design Using GIS — Training Curricula Initiated. In collaboration with KKHL, the MMAF Training Centers, and NGO partners, the USAID SEA Project began the process of drafting a training curriculum for MPA and MPA Network Design Using GIS this quarter. (For more information, see section 2, sub-section on MPAs).

Stage 2 POKMASWAS Training Curricula Finalized. In collaboration with PSDKP and the MMAF Training Centers, as well as NGO partners, the USAID SEA Project finalized this training module this quarter. (For more information, see section 2, sub-section on law enforcement).

Stage 3 POKMASWAS Training Module Drafted. In collaboration with PSDKP and the MMAF Training Centers, as well as NGO partners, the USAID SEA Project continued work on the development of the stage 3 training module. (For more information, see section 2, sub-section on law enforcement).

62 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 21: POKMASWAS training curricula – three stages. Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Initial Intermediate Advanced 1. POKMASWAS’ Role, 1. Ethic on Communication 1. Village Planning Function and Main 2. Safety Principle 2. RAD for Destructive

Assignment 3. Management for Sensitive Issues Fishing 2. Threats and Potential on 4. Management Plan for Fisheries & MPA 3. Entrepreneurship Marine Ecosystem 5. Law Enforcement Network 4. Institutional Development Focus 3. Resource Management 6. Basic rules on KUHAP (External)

Knowledge 4. Reporting Management 7. Institutional Development (Internal & 5. Development (Internal) External) 1. Monitoring 1. Effective Communication 1. Advance Communication 2. Reporting 2. Management for the Evidence Skills (Bargaining, 3. Technological Usage 3. Monitoring Skills Promotion, Negotiation,

4. Internal Communication 4. Information and Data Management Diplomacy) s s Built l 5. Reporting Management (Recording) 2. Entrepreneurship 6. Institutional Development 5. Institutional Development (Assessment) 3. Institutional Development Skil (Internal) (Sustaining)

Three Modules Six Modules Four Modules

24 hours (3-day minimum) of 24 hours (3-day minimum) of training 18 hours (2.5-day minimum) of

training training Format

Completed Completed In development

INNOVATIONS

Innovations continue to progress so as to enhance the skills in managing marine and fisheries resources at both the national and regional leve. This has been carried out through the development, piloting, and implementation of a range of innovations.

Innovations may be products, processes, tools, approaches, service delivery models, and / or other interventions that have the potential to achieve significant (not incremental) improvements in development outcomes versus existing alternatives. In simplified terms, innovations can be broken down into two broad categories: processes and tools.

In this quarter, the USAID SEA Project recognized one new innovative tool — the Ocean Eye Application. Ocean Eye is a conservation ‘app’ for smartphones that puts a value on key species in an area. The technology, first innovated at the Conservation X labs, and developed through a consortium of specialists, enables tourists visiting an area to make small payments for every key species they see (alive) during their visit. Usually this relates to charismatic species such as turtles, dolphins, sharks, whales etc., but can be tailored to important species in a given area.

The app is being piloted in Morotai by USAID SEA Project partners Marine Change (through alternate funding sources). Here, the app has already received considerable welcome from tourism operators and communities, with funds already being generated and the money being securely and transparently transferred to the community via the app. The operators collect the money as part the transactions and the exact distribution sydtem will be tested as soon as the application is launched. The villages where

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 63 the applications are piloted thus far said they want use the money for coral restoration, environmental education, small business development, tourism group, and monitroing of core zones.

This innovation creates a powerful incentive for communities, local business and resource users to protect these animals instead of monetizing them by fishing or hunting.

The total number of innovations now being supported through the USAID SEA Project comes to 12, which meets the LOP target for this area of work.

Table 22: List of innovations to date in the USAID SEA Project.

USAID SEA Project — INNOVATIONS Processes Tools 1. The participatory planning 4. GPS vessel tracking systems to identify fishing grounds (e.g. Spot Trace process utilized for and Pelagic Data Systems) RZWP-3-K development 5. Hand-held devices for fisheries data collection (e.g. I-FISH, OURFISH, 2. Procedures for the WWF-ID resource monitoring, MDPI – supplier App, iDAPAR and participatory design and FISH-AP2HI) utilized by SEA partners establishment of TURFS 6. MPA Alert System based on Visible Infrared Imagining Radiometer Suite 3. Incorporating robust (VIIRS) data institutional management 7. SEANODE Marine Spatial Planning Geoportal Database frameworks into policy (for 8. Offline SIMKADA – process and app for fishing licenses example POKMASWAS and 9. Non-equilibrium biomass dynamics (BDM) modeling for SISWASMAS systems) to stock assessments enable harmonization of 10. TraceTales application for tuna tracking for suppliers policy planning and 11. Trafiz application for tuna tracking through processors institutional 12. OceanEye application implementation.

64 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 SECTION 4. MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS AND CROSS-CUTTING ACTIVITIES

In Quarter 2 of FY20, the project management and cross-cutting components of the USAID SEA Project have proceeded as planned and continue to provide a clear framework for the remainder of the project life. Elements reviewed in this section include project operations, internal and external coordination activities, external communication, and gender inclusion. Management activities related to monitoring, evaluating and learning are presented in section 5. OPERATIONS Staffing

In this quarter the USAID SEA Project recruited one new staff to its core team (Mr. Zulkifli) making the total number of core staff 46. Mr. Zulkifli was employed to assist the Governance and Institutional Development Team and is focusing on the articulation of using village funds for improved marine conservation and fisheries compliance in association with the Ministry of Village Empowerment and provincial governments. Within the core team, the only additional assistance anticipated moving forward will be on the MPA team, to support data analysis and reporting. Several additional consultants will still be employed to assist with end of project activities specified in the FY20 work plan, pertaining to lessons learned and a closing USAID SEA conference. Table 23 summarizes consultant support for the SEA Project and specific tasks and deliverables.

In parallel, the SEA Project’s implementing partners maintained their staffing plans with only a few changes (whereby Marine Change and WCS now have field staff in Morotai, WCS have recruited staff for Mare and Guraici, and CTC now have a presence in Buano, Lease, and Sula). These increases to staff numbers were offset by the reductions in staff as a result of the closing out of several subcontractor agreement terms, bringing the overall number of SEA support staff to 210 individuals. Organizational charts for core operations and regional staffing are shown in Annex 1.

USAID SEA Project Contract Modifications

In the last quarter of FY2019, the SEA Project team requested a contract modification to allow the fourth-year work plan to cover an 18-month period, up to end of project term (October 1, 2019 to March 22, 2021). This was approved, though it was also agreed that a more detailed activity plan will later be developed for the last six months of the project. The SEA Project team also requested a budget modification so that the budget CLINS could be realigned for the remaining time in the project. This modification is still pending approval as of 31 March 2020, as USAID SEA is still in the process of negotiation with its partners and will be concluded in the next quarter

Internal Collaboration and Coordination

Core Team and Field Offices. The Core Team, based in both Jakarta and in regional or field offices operated by WCS (Ternate) and WWF (Sorong), continue to coordinate on all technical programmatic elements of work, as well as logistical issues. Weekly meetings are held each Monday for Jakarta and Field Based offices to support the smooth implementation of activities and ensure programmatic, logistical and administrative alignment. The process adheres to the USAID SEA Integrated Communication and Coordination Plan as well as the USAID SEA Project Operation Manual. Now, in the face of COVID-19, all meetings have been virtual for the last 2 weeks of this quarter.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 65 Table 23: Consultant support for USAID SEA Project active in Q1 & Q2, FY20.

Consultant’s Period of Deliverables Progress in FY20 Name & Role Assignment Eleanor Carter Sept 2018 – • Draft annual report (FY18) • Talking SEA USAID SEA Project Jan 30 2021 • Launch State of the Sea books Newsletter #5 Reporting and • Draft quarterly reports (FY19 & FY20) • Quarterly Reports Communication • Draft annual report (FY19 FY20) Q1 & Q2 FY20 Consultant • Draft talking SEA newsletters (Issues # 3, 4 and 5) with design and graphics • Draft quarterly report (Q1&2, FY20) Ciony Sia 2018– • Edit various reports for English and prepare in • Numerous reports Dec 2020 standard USAID format with proper branding

Jul 1 2019 – • Draft document/white paper (policy paper • Policy Paper & Alia Marsha Oct 31 2019 format) on Fishery Reformation for Sovereignty, produced USAID SEA Project Sustainability Legacy of Ministry of Maritime Writers for MMAF Affairs and Fisheries Bambang Jul 8 2019 – • Draft 0 of Sustainable Fishery Development • Draft 1 of Wicaksono Dec 7 2019 Strategy 2020–2024. Sustainable Fishery Governance • Draft 1 of Sustainable Fishery Development Development Specialist Strategy 2020–2024. Strategy • Final Sustainable Fishery Development Strategy 2020–2024. Dyah Rahmatika 23 Oct 2019– • Produce maps for ETP species distribution • MPA Network MPA Cartographer Sept 22 2020 • Produce maps for MPA locations and zoning, Maps (10 English based on data available data overlaid by GIS and 10 Bahasa) Team • MPA RHM • Produce maps of biophysical and socio-economic sampling sites (10 surveys result sites) • Produce and calculate habitat maps • Produce other maps as required in MPA-related jobs Donald Bason Oct 14 2019– Pokmaswas Comics In progress Illustrator Feb 13 2020

Since the onset of the Project, USAID SEA NGO partners has been working in Maluku Province, including Mac Philantrophy Foundation as part of Sunda Banda Seascape initiatives and to a lesser extent Coral Triangle Processors (CTP) supporting MDPI on their Fair Trade initive. Other private donors such as Walton Family Foundation and David and Lucille Packard foundations began to explore how to utilize the building blocks of engagements and efforts by USAID SEA Partners in Maluku.

66 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 24: List of current funders for marine resource activities in Maluku in addition to USAID.

RECIPIENT DONOR ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED PARTNER Conservation activities at the provincial and local levels WWF MAC Philanthropy Foundation (Kei and Koon-Neiden). CTC Training, competency support, and monitoring in Ay-Rhun.7 World Wide Fund-Netherlands WWF Kei Islands conservation activities including operations8 Small Grant for marine species in Buru Islands (and Kei). The work NOAA WWF contributes to the ETP species work of USAID SEA through WWF.

Core Team and Subcontractors. The SEA Project engages partners with specific scopes of work to achieve its program objectives. Implementing partners are engaged through a subcontracting mechanism. All new partners beginning in FY18 were engaged through a fixed-price contract (a deliverable-based subcontract mechanism). In FY19 three subcontractors completed their deliverable-based contracts: AP2HI (June 2019), Reef Check (June 2019), and The Nature Conservancy (September 2019). One subcontractor (ILMMA) was issued a no-cost extension (to September 30, 2020), while one other subcontractor, MDPI, requested a no-cost extension until June 30, 2020.

In addition to the subcontracting mechanism, in FY19, the Walton Family Foundation provided support in the form of grant to Tetra Tech for “Supplementary Technical Assistance” (STA), support for USAID SEA Project’s fisheries and policy work under SA2 and SA4. The STA provides significant leverage funding for the project and is fully integrated into activities.

All subcontractor tasks and additional donor support (e.g. STA) are integrated under a single work plan and project structure. Inter-organizational communication is supported through thematic working groups for each strategic approach and associated key technical approaches (TA). Each TA has a ‘Core Team Lead’ who oversees and coordinates the subcontractors work in each group. The USAID SEA Core Team provides technical and administrative leadership, integrating and tracking activities against work plans, and ensuring collaboration among staff and across geographies. The Chief of Party (COP) and Deputy Chief of Party (DCOP) ensure that activities and inputs are coordinated across the project tasks.

In this quarter, as part of SEA Team, the STA Team attended the SEA Core weekly meetings. The USAID SEA Core team also met or communicated with sub-contractors continuously to ensure close collaboration and coordination on the implementation of activities. Each strategic and technical approaches lead in a close contact with respective staff of USAID SEA partners. WhatsApp groups are also used to support a personalized approach and promote close coordination. At the field level, monthly meetings are set up for partners working in Maluku. In North Maluku and West Papua, similar meetings take place, but with a more flexible schedule. A calendar of events is maintained, however the last few weeks of the quarter saw considerable delays and cancelations of events due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

7 Report on Reef Health Monitoring in Ay-Rhun will be obtained 8 USAID SEA Project does not work in Kei Islands, but the work contributes to overall knowledge development that is shared with wider USAID SEA Project sites.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 67 External Coordination

Coordination with the Government of Indonesia. The USAID SEA Project is the largest of four projects under the USAID Marine Biodiversity and Sustainable Fisheries Program in Indonesia. The other projects within this program work parallel to the USAID SEA Project, and are as follows:

• Advisory Support and Capacity Building on Marine and Fisheries Management Issues and on Port State Measures (implemented by NOAA). • Public Private Partnership for Supporting Nature and People Partnerships for Enduring Resources (SNAPPER) (implemented by TNC). • Strengthening Fisheries Governance and Maritime Law Enforcement Response Project (implemented by INTERPOL).

In July 2016, USAID Indonesia signed a ‘Technical Arrangement’ with MMAF to cover the four projects of the USAID Indonesia Marine Portfolio. This arrangement has shaped and become the basis of the USAID SEA Project’s relationship and coordination with the GOI through MMAF. The Technical Arrangement between USAID Indonesia with MMAF has been amended through Sept 30, 2020 and coordination continues to follow prescribed mechanisms to date.

This quarter, USAID SEA Core Team also supported USAID Indonesia in coordinating and implementing the handover of documentation from activities conducted from 2016 to (Nov) 2019. Known as Berita Acara Serah Terima (BAST) this handover process followed direction from USAID and MMAF. A series of meetings for the finalization of BAST occurred in this quarter as shown in table 25. The USAID SEA Project has now completed all the BAST documents based on the requirements, and only final approval from MMAF remains.

Table 25: Meetings to support the BAST handover process.

Dates Meeting leads Participants

October 28, 2019 Planning Bureau Planning Bureau, Cooperation Bureau, KKHL, USAID Indonesia, SEA Project November 6, 2019 Planning Bureau Cooperation Bureau, USAID Indonesia, Ministry of Finance, SEA Project November 22, 2019 Planning Bureau KKHL, SEA Project December 12, 2019 KKHL Directorate USAID SEA Project MPA Team and KKHL December 13, 2019 MSP Directorate USAID SEA Project MSP Team and TRL December 13, 2019 SDI Directorate USAID SEA Project Fisheries Team and SDI January 13, 2020 Planning Bureau USAID SEA Project, KKHL and Planning Bureau January 22, 2020 Cooperation Division of Cooperation Division of Secretariat DG PSDKP, Secretariat DG PSDKP Directorate of Fleet Operation Monitoring, and SEA Project March 5, 2020 MSP Directorate USAID SEA Project and TRL

At the regional level, the USAID SEA Project works with all three provincial governments as well as multiple district agencies within each province. In this quarter, the USAID SEA Core regional team and partner staff met individually and informally with specific government officials when needed for specific issues related to Project interventions.

68 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Coordination with Wider Stakeholders. Wider stakeholders are outlined in the Integrated Communication and Coordination Plan. These include other USAID projects, regional inter- governmental initiatives, regional and international donors and associated support initiatives (such as ASEAN, SEAFDEC and NOAA), private foundations supporting marine initiatives (such as the Packard, Walton, MacArthur and Cargill foundations), and wider NGOs and academic institutions engaged in marine and coastal management. Coordination and communication has largely been achieved through the sharing of reports, attending of events, and inviting key stakeholders where relevant to the USAID SEA Project events in Ambon and Jakarta. The USAID SEA continued to work in close coordination with NOAA’s various divisions relevant to SEA Technical Approaches — including participating in NOAA’s monthly call-meeting to synchronize joint plans and activities. Such coordination is largely achieved through regular phone calls and email communication. So specific meetings or events were held this quarter.

EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS

Media Engagement

In this quarter, activities conducted by the USAID SEA Project generated 26 news articles in national and local media. Two activities in particular generated media interest:

(1) A lecture given at Khairun University (North Maluku) on 12 February on the theme ‘’ I am a Young Sea Warrior: What young people can do to support Marine Conservation Areas in North Maluku’’. This was a special lecture organized by partners WCS aimed to increase young people’s knowledge of the importance of marine conservation, and to encourage student participation in sustainable marine resource use. (2) A USAID SEA Journalist Workshop, held in Ternate, North Maluku, on February 21–22. This workshop was attended by 27 local journalists and aimed to encourage greater coverage and in- depth media analysis on issues surrounding sustainable fisheries and marine conservation in the province. Topics discussed included MPA management, MSP, and the challenges of overfishing and destructive fishing.

Web and Social Media Presence

The two USAID SEA Project social media outlets — Facebook and Instagram — continue to be active. Combined, these platforms now have more than 6,000 followers (an increase of approximately 2 percent in the last three months). Messages posted via these channels this quarter are estimated to have reached more than 314,000 people. Posts from the USAID SEA Project team continue to be uploaded at least three times per week, featuring activities, infographics, and champions in action in the communities. Readers favorites tend to be articles related to champions, POKMASWAS in action, IUU Fishing, and ETP Species. Figure 23 shows an excerpt of Facebook post listings, revealing that some posts are reaching more than a thousand viewers.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 69

Radar Halmahera (Feb 13) Radar Halmahera (Feb 24)

Above: Malut Post (Feb 24) Right: Fajar Malut (Feb 24)

Figure 22: Examples of media articles, Q2, FY20.

70 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 26: Media coverage for USAID SEA Project activities in Q2, 2020.

ACTIVITY & MEDIA LINKS RELEASE DATE 1. Lecture at Khairun University. ‘’I am a Young Sea Warrior: What young people can do to support Marine Conservation Areas in North Maluku’’. ANTARA https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1294130/kuliah-umum-pengembangan- Feb 12 konservasi-perairan-digelar-usaid-kkp-malut Medianasional.id http://www.medianasional.id/fungsikan-sumber-daya-laut-usaid-gandeng-dkp-malut- dan-unkhair-ternate-gelar-kuliah-umum/ Indotimur https://indotimur.com/nasional/usaid-dan-dkp-maluku-utara-beri-kuliah-umum-di- universitas-khairun-ternate

Pelitanews.id https://www.pelitanews.id/2020/02/12/mendorong-partisipasi-kawasan-koncervasi- usaid-dan-dkp-maluku-utara-beri-kuliah-umum-di-unkhair-ternate Simakberita.com https://simakberita.com/2020/02/12/usaid-dan-dkp-malut-gelar-kuliah-umum-kampus- unkhair-ternate/ Portal Unkhair http://fpik.unkhair.ac.id/usaid-dan-dkp-maluku-utara-memberikan-kuliah-umum-di- universitas-khairun-ternate/ ANTARA Ambon https://ambon.antaranews.com/berita/73566/usaid-dkp-malut-gelar-kuliah-umum- Feb 13 pengembangan-konservasi-perairan

Papuakini.co https://papuakini.co/2020/02/13/usaid-dan-dkp-maluku-utara-geber-kesadaran- partisipatif-masyarakat-terkait-pemanfaatan-sumber-daya-kelautan/ Radar Halmahera USAID dan DKP Malut Beri Kuliah Umum ke Mahasiswa Unkhair Printed media 2. Journalist Workshop, Ternate, North Maluku ANTARA Ambon https://ambon.antaranews.com/berita/73950/dkp-malut-bangun-dua-tempat- Feb 21 pelelangan-ikan Sahabat Rakyat https://malut.sahabatrakyat.com/ragam/malut-akan-bangun-dua-tempat-pelelangan- ikan/ Maluttoday.com https://maluttoday.com/2020/02/23/usaid-encourages-north-maluku-journalists-to- Feb 23 (English version) report-fisheries-and-maritinme-lssues/ Radar Halmahera USAID Gelar Journalist Workshop (Printed Media) Feb 24 Malut Post USAID Buat Workshop untuk Jurnalis (Printed Media) Fajar Malut Limbah Tambang Ancam Ekosistem Laut Kabarmalut.co.id https://www.kabarmalut.co.id/2020/02/25/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-maluku-utara- Feb 25 arusutamakan-isu-perikanan-dan-pengelolaan-kelautan-berkelanjutan/ Maluttoday.com https://maluttoday.com/2020/02/25/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-malut-beritakan-isu- perikanan-dan-kelautan/ Teropongmalut.c http://www.teropongmalut.com/gelar-jurnalis-workshop-usaid-dorong-jurnalis-malut- om utamakan-isu-perikanan-dan-pengelolaan-kelautan/ Kieraha.com https://kieraha.com/ajak-jurnalis-maluku-utara-dukung-program-kkp-dan-perikanan- berkelanjutan/ Abdas.id https://www.abdas.id/2020/02/dorong-jurnalis-maluku-utara-usaid_25.html Pelitanews.id https://pelitanews.id/2020/02/25/1419/ ANTARA Ambon https://ambon.antaranews.com/berita/74174/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-di-malut- Feb 26 utamakan-isu-perikanan-dan-kelautan Infobanua.co.id http://infobanua.co.id/2020/02/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-malut-utamakan-isu-perikanan- dan-pengelolaan-kelautan-secara-berkelanjutan/ Kumparan.com https://kumparan.com/ceritamalukuutara/praktik-iuu-fishing-menjadi-tantangan- utama-di-maluku-utara-1suiOdUe3lB Cerminnusantara. https://www.cerminnusantara.co.id/berita/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-malut-utamakan-isu- Feb 27 co.id perikanan-dan-pengelolaan-kelautan-secara-berkelanjutan/ Sorotnews.co.id https://www.sorotnews.co.id/2020/02/27/usaid-dorong-jurnalis-maluku-utara- utamakan-isu-perikanan-dan-pengelolaan-kelautan-secara-berkelanjutan/

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 71

Figure 23: USAID SEA Project Facebook posts: [Excerpt] Reach and Engagement.

In terms of page followers, the period from February 20 to March 18 saw a steep increase in numbers. Facebook analytics also revealed that posts with photographs, combined with captions or stories, generated greater engagement (clicks and likes) (figure 24).

Figure 24: (Left): Increase in FB page followers @217% Feb–Mar 2020. (Right): Presence of photos and stories generate enhanced engagement.

72 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 On Instagram, the number of followers also grew considerably in this quarter (as shown in figure 25). This suggests the followers of @usaidsea consider it to be a reliable, interesting and engaging source of information. Posts in this period reached 13,314 people; more than double the number reached in the previous quarter.

Figure 25: Instagram follower increases (est. tracked) in Q2, 2020.

The USAID SEA Project website (www.sea-indonesia.org) has also been regularly updated this quarter, with content including latest news, stories from the field, and a range of USAID SEA publications (table 27).

Table 27: Key content updates and analytics for the USAID SEA Project website.

WEBSITE DATA KEY WEBSITE CONTENT UPDATES Q2, FY20 • Talking SEA #5; Safeguarding Our Ocean # CLICKS • Talking SEA #5: Menjaga Laut Kita = 1,349 • Policy Brief: Designing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and MPA Networks to Benefit People and Nature in Indonesia • A Guide, Framework and Example: Designing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and MPA Networks to Benefit People and Nature in Indonesia # TOTAL • Biophysical Criteria: Designing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and MPA Networks to Benefit IMPRESSIONS People and Nature in Indonesia = 30,194 • Policy Brief: Merancang Kawasan Konservasi Perairan (KKP) dan Jaringan KKP yang Bermanfaat bagi Manusia dan Alam Indonesia • Provinsi Papua Barat: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715 • Provinsi Maluku Utara: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715 • Provinsi Maluku: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715 • Provinsi Sulawesi Utara: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715 • Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715 • Provinsi Gorontalo: Merancang Jaringan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan 715

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 73 Print and Online Publications

Key print and online publications released by USAID SEA Project this quarter included:

• The monthly USAID ‘SEA News’ Brief’ (figure 26). • The Talking SEA newsletter (issue #5) focusing on law enforcement (figure 27). • Three MPA and MPA Network design related publications (figure 28). • Six MPA factsheets, one for each province in FMA 715 (Maluku, North Maluku, West Papua, North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, and Gorontalo). These factsheets were produced as USAID SEA legacy documents for national and local government (figure 29).

Figure 26: USAID SEA Project monthly ‘News Briefs’ (January to March 2020).

Figure 27: Talking SEA newsletter, Issue #5.

74 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 In addition to this, the USAID SEA Core Communications team provided support to the production of a range of behavior change communication materials (see more information in section 3, sub-section on creating demand).

Figure 28: MPA and MPA Network publications from the USAID SEA Project this quarter.

Figure 29: MPA factsheets for each province produced by the USAID SEA Project this quarter.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 75 GENDER AND SOCIAL INCLUSION In addressing USAID’s policy of integrating gender and social inclusion, the USAID SEA Project encourages all stakeholders to provide equal opportunities for both genders to be involved in activities, discussions, and decision-making. In parallel, the Project specifically identifies opportunities for women involvement in each target area, and each intervention.

The project has a gender-mainstreaming checklist, adapted from two previous environmental USAID programs in Asia (see FY18 annual report). The checklist provides guidance to project staff and implementing partners for integrating gender considerations into interventions. The checklist covers three stages of implementation: planning and design, stakeholder consultation and engagement, and benefit-sharing. In addition to this, the SEA Project adheres to the tenets of access, capacity building, leadership, and economic opportunity provision for gender mainstreaming throughout project activities (see box four).

Box Four: Key Tenets for Gender Mainstreaming in the USAID SEA Project

Access: Women have equal rights to access and demand public service delivery, public information, public goods, public places, government safety nets or welfare schemes. Examples in USAID SEA activities include: marine and fishery knowledge, access to capacity building activities, opportunities to benefit from leadership programs, equal opportunities to participate in alternate / additive livelihood schemes.

Capacity building: Equal opportunities are made available to women to participate in USAID SEA training and capacity building initiatives, through workshops, exchanges and other means. Gender representation is tracked through attendance lists and impacts measured through pre and post tests.

Leadership: Women are actively welcomed in public fora (e.g. consultation processes for MPA establishment, fishers’ fora, socialization activities etc.). Women are encouraged to actively participate in decision making processes and to exercise their voices during fora discussions, as well as demonstrate leadership by influencing others, and nurture their leadership skills (through, for example, volunteering or being nominated as champions, or accepting leading roles for community events involving MPAs and sustainable fisheries).

Economic opportunity: Equal opportunity for economic opportunities and diversification are provided. This includes roles in existing or enhanced value chains (e.g. fishery production processes, post harvest management, sales etc.); or through alternative / additive livelihood opportunities as a consequence of MPA / sustainable fisheries management and associated potentials (e.g. marine tourism, product development, etc.).

In this reporting period, USAID SEA continues to demonstrate gender mainstreaming and social inclusion across several cross-cutting elements of work.

Access to Information. USAID SEA Project partners (CTC, WWF, MDPI, Rare, and WCS) continue to ensure that materials and information are designed to be educative, non-discriminatory, and inclusive. These materials are also disseminated through the non-exclusive media platforms, such as online social media and the USAID SEA Project website.

76 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 In this reporting period, WWF- Indonesia produced their first radio broadcast in Sorong, on February 18, 2020. Recognizing that South Sorong MPA covers a large area (338,323 ha.) with a highly dispersed population with limited access to communication platforms, WWF chose Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Sorong to facilitate their communication outreach.

The radio program was designed with strong gender-positive messaging, developed in the form of USAID SEA taglines, ad-libs, and a jingle. All messages involved woman champions in the recording, while the talk shows Figure 30: Mama Maria (left) in between two male champions has had chose female moderators and specifically her voice recorded for jingle and adlips. selected women audience members in their interactive call-in segments.

The RRI Sorong show will continue to run through June 2020 and is being relayed to five neighboring districts, reaching more than 50,000 audience members (both men and women). Full information is provided in section 3, sub-section on behavior change communication.

Engaging Women in Sustainable Fisheries Management. As a part of the fisher logbook trials, 11 Fisheries Extension Officers (FEOs) are receiving training in North Maluku (Tidore area) to support local fishers in filling in and completing the documents. For this training, USAID SEA Project partners MDPI have been proactively targeting women FEOs), with eight of the 11 FEO participants selected for training being women.

In addition to this, the FEOs are encouraged to target fishers’ wives for training in logbook filling, recognizing that it is often these fishers’ wives and women in communities who do this work, on top of being fish collectors, counters, and retailers. In similar training in Figure 31: MDPI proactively invite women to logbook Jambula, 16 percent of the attendance were women (5 training. out of 32 participants).

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 77 Involving women in key MPA decision-making processes. In this quarter, WWF organized a public consultation in Konda, South Sorong (West Papua) as part of the MPA public consultation process. In the invitation letter for this event, WWF proactively encouraged women to attend, in order for them to share their voices, concerns, ideas, and observations. Twenty percent of participants in Figure 32: Mama Yermina expressing her support to WWF-led MPA process. the consultation were women.

In this region, women’s representation is particularly important, as some of the villages in Konda area are led by women. Amongst them is Mama Yermima Kofarit (village head of Demen) and Mama Nelce Mecibaru (senior figure from Yahadian district). After fruitful discussion amongst women attendants, these two prominent women stood up to represent hundreds of villagers, expressing their full support for the declared no-take zone of the Warungge Estuary (an area dividing Konda and Yahadian). Agreement and approval from these prominent women leaders is critical for wider social buy-in. Additionally, Mama Yermima put in a strong request to WWF to conduct awareness activities with the communities that will soon be affected by the MPA.

Promoting Women in Capacity Building Opportunities. The USAID SEA Project’s Strategic Approach 5 (Institutionalize training and capacity building) aims to align with MMAF’s Ministerial Decree no. 81/KepMen-KP/SJ/2018 on gender mainstreaming in the ministry, which promotes equal professional development opportunities for men and women. Despite this strong mandate, internalization of this policy within line directorates continues to face constraints. Nonetheless, the USAID SEA Project partners all continue to advocate for the implementation of this regulation by urging women to participate in the training opportunities provided. Amongst SEA partners, MDPI, WWF and ILMMA have been most proactive at promoting womens’ inclusion in training to date.

Promoting Women in Leadership. On January 27–30, the USAID SEA Project organized the sixth SEA Champions “Driving for Action” training in Ambon, Maluku. The training was attended by 38 champions, of whom 12 were women. These passionate, energetic, and articulate women came from Maluku and North Maluku provinces, from a wide range of backgrounds. The training provided all participants with basic knowledge about MPAs (MPA 101), sustainable fisheries, community surveillance, and communication techniques. The participants also enjoyed fruitful discussion on a variety of issues related to conservation efforts. With this training, Figure 33: Participants designing role play. 208 champions have now participated in a USAID SEA capacity building program.

78 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Gender Mainstreaming in Coastal Communities. Despite good representation of women in a range of USAID SEA Project meetings, women’s representation in field-based activities continues to be challenging. A key issue often encountered is spouses prohibiting or blocking their wives' engagement in an activity or process, particularly those that are perceived to be male dominated or pose some form of risk (such as water-based work). For example, in POKMASWAS, women’s roles are generally limited to supporting data collation and documentation.

In February, the USAID SEA Project was involved in discussions with another USAID Project (the Monitoring and Evaluation Support Program – MESP) with regards to gender mainstreaming. USAID SEA took this opportunity to discuss about SEA’s approach and the subsequent reporting needed to showcase progress. From this discussion five key opportunities were identified for enhancing gender mainstreaming through the remainder of the project, based on activities that have been carried out thus far. (1) Integrating gender mainstreaming into all remaining work planning. To this end, the USAID SEA Project sent an email specific to this topic to all provincial coordinators, followed up by phone discussions to further emphasise the importance of gender mainstreaming in all remaining activities. (2) Reiterating gender mainstreaming capacity to partners. This was undertaken through formal and informal avenues and discussions with government partners and NGO sub-contractors. As a result, the MDPI logbook training involved fishers’ wives, the WCS FEO flipchart and logbook trials specifically engaged women, and all partners proactively aimed to recruit more women as champions (see section 3, sub-section on behavior change and champions). (3) Easing cultural constraints by advocating gender mainstreaming within Soa structures. USAID SEA along with NGO partners provided iterative coaching (remotely) to sites. SEA also shared the dynamics and women-led activities from the champion WAG, SEA social media and website to partners and communities with access to SEA social media. Partners also produced their own stories to share with Soa leaders and champions or directly through their various meetings with Soa structures. (4) Showcasing success stories. These included women-led activities and women champions in wider public and Soa structures, and were shared via many USAID SEA communication channels, including social-media, the website and Talking SEA newsletter. (5) Promote policy integration for equality of roles. Through the USAID SEA Projects support, an amendment to Ministerial Decree no.58/2001 related to POKMASWAS and SISWASMAS was proposed to specifically include the mention of equal access for womens participation. This amendment was discussed at the legal drafting workshop back in June 2019, where both the Legal Division of the Secretariat Directorate General of PSDKP and the Directorate of Fleet Operation Monitoring of PSDKP agreed on incorporating this amendment into the decree. It is expected that by having women’s access for engagement specifically written into this document, it will encourage greater womens representation in law enforcement activities at all levels, from engagement in patrolling, surveillance, awareness raising activities and incidence reporting.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 79 SECTION 5. MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING

In this second quarter of FY20, efforts were focused on working with partners to prepare, source and submit verification documents in line with MEL standards. This work required identifying the difficulties partners were experiencing with their verification documents, finding and providing solutions to those challenges, and creating an action plan to monitor partners’ progress.

This process aided the Senior Monev Specialist in not only galvanizing the submission of verification materials, but also identifying some adjustments needed in the master MEL tracking processes to streamline operations. The work led to approximately 400 claims becoming verified this quarter, including 349 vessel registrations.

Also in this quarter, USAID SEA Project partners CI completed their closing process smoothly, ensuring all verification documents were submitted in a timely manner.

The Regional Monev Specialist continued reviewing partners’ reports and providing regular assistance on documenting supporting information. In addition, the Data Management Specialist continued to systematically arrange the supporting documents in a way that enables the USAID SEA Project to work towards handover effectively, including the collation of Terms of Reference, attendance lists, budgets and training reports for the BAST process. The documents are stored in a database system that can be accessed easily.

In the next quarter, further work will be undertaken to ensure there is a more systematic process in place for documenting when existing metrics already captured become verified, as the project heads towards close out.

OVERVIEW OF INDICATOR ACHIEVEMENTS The USAID SEA Project has 15 key performance management indicators (PMI’s) and 4 benchmark indicators under SA1.1 to measure success. Of these, three (3) relate to biophysical impact changes, and will only be reported against towards the end of the project. These are:

• SA2.2: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources showing improved biophysical conditions as a result of USG assistance • SA2.4: Percent change in catch per unit effort for selected gear and landing sites • SA2.5: Percent change in reef fish biomass in selected MPAs

For the remaining 16 indicators, results are being tracked over time, and as table 28 shows, 12 of these have already achieved (and in many cases surpassd) their Life of Project (LoP) targets.

80 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 28: PMI achievements in Q1, 2020 against LOP targets.

Achievement Key Indicators LOP Target Q2 Total to % LOP 2020 date achieved SA 1.1 Number of people demonstrating behaviors that contribute to biodiversity conservation, as a result 1,200 people 254 1,358 113 of USG assistance SA1.1 Benchmark 1: Number of people exposed to USAID SEA Project messages through communication 5,000 people 121,569 166,844 3,337 and media outreach SA1.1 Benchmark 2: Number of champions that have 400 people 7 502 126 the capacity to deliver USAID SEA Project messages SA1.1 Benchmark 3: Number of people influenced by 1,200 people 247 959 80 champions SA1.1 Benchmark 4: Number of fora established and 15 fora 10 72 480 functional SA2.1a: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources under improved natural 5,159,774 hectares 0 21,786,624 422 resource management as a result of USG assistance, applying EAFM SA2.1b: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources under improved natural 1,377,519 hectares 0 347,290 25 resource management as a result of USG assistance, applying MPA management SA2.1c: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources under improved natural 17,199,246 hectares 0 17,282,948 100 resource management as a result of USG assistance, applying MSP SA2.3: Number of small and medium-scale vessels fishing 1,200 0 1,386 116 registered or licensed vessels SA3.1: Number of people with increased economic benefits derived from sustainable natural resource 450 people 626 1,047 233 management and conservation as a result of USG assistance SA3.2: Amount of investment leveraged in U.S. dollars, million US from public and private sources for biodiversity 3 0.333 4.572889 152 dollars conservation as a result of USG assistance SA3.3: Number of people with more secure tenure or 6,000 people 0 5,354 89 managed access SA4.1: Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, or laws, regulations addressing biodiversity conservation policies, 15 2 5 33 officially proposed, or adopted as a result of USG strategies, assistance (disaggregated by type/stage) etc. SA5.1: Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and / or biodiversity 2,000 people 147 2,242 112 conservation as a result of USG assistance SA5.2: Number of innovations supported with USG 12 innovations 1 12 100 assistance SA5.3: Number of people that apply improved conservation law enforcement practices as a result of 240 people 99 241 100 USG assistance

Regarding SA 4.1 (laws and policies), it is recognized this is behind schedule to achieve PMI targets. Therefore to accelerate achievements in this area the following strategies have been deployed.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 81 • Recruiting and mobilizing a new Policy and Institutional Specialist to support the existing SEA Policy Team and expedite all the policy support work undertaken by USAID SEA Project. • Facilitating strategic discussions with key decision makers in order to support the adoption of SEA recommendations into policies that SEA is processing now. Examples of discussions include:

• between Provincial DKP of North Maluku and West Papua with Directorate SUPD II of Ministry of Home Affairs about their concerns on some priority indicators and programs (especially on MSP and MPA) that were not accommodated well in their respective final draft RPJMDs. Reasons were related to increased fragmentation of interests among other development sectors and priorities at provincial level. • between Legal Division of PSDKP, Directorate of POA PSDKP and other relevant technical directorates related to SISWASMAS Policy to agree on locus perspectives of SISWASMAS, the urgency of government funding to support POKMASWAS, and the involvement of other ministries / agencies in facilitating SISWASMAS development.

• Supporting technical teams (Fisheries, MPA, and MSP Teams) to simplify the technical concepts that will be proposed / advocated in some policies to ensure that DKP and non-DKP parties can comprehend them easily during the policy process. This is particularly important in the legalization process, including, for example the RPJMD (for MSP and MPA consideratons) and in the preparation of harvest strategy policy papers (for EAFM considerations). • Developing online policy consultation processes using google forms and survey monkey platforms with simplified content for MMAF and Provincial DKP. Such work enables these agencies to be able to conduct virtual policy reviews and public consultations amidst the COVID-19 outbreak. Currently USAID SEA is preparing the facilitation for five policies this way (three Governor Regulations on Provincial Action Plans to Combat DF, a Ministerial Regulation on SISWASMAS, and a Governor Regulation on Harvest Strategy for Grouper and Snapper in North Maluku). USAID SEA provides not only written document and facilitation support, but also provides simple infographics and associated support materials to ensure information can be easily understood by all relevant stakeholders in the work.

Further details for all PMI’s with summary explanations are provided in Annex 2.

82 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 SECTION 6. KEY CHALLENGES, LESSONS LEARNED, AND OPPORTUNITIES MOVING FORWARD

Challenges, lessons, and opportunities continue to evolve within the USAID SEA Project. Common Challenges and Limiting Factors across Work-streams Over this reporting period, limitations of government staff capacity and availability related to the implementation of activities continued to present challenges. These limitations were particularly prevalent in workstreams related to MPAs and policy development, slowing progress in these areas, and were further exacerbated in March by the COVID-19 outbreak. USAID SEA continues to address these limitations by closely engaged the government staff in discussions and collaborations, especially related to MPA and policy development. The importance of cross-sectoral engagement and trust-building continues to be a common theme, as noted below. However, in-person interactions that have proven vital throughout the life of the project, have been — and will likely continue to be — hampered by necessary precautions taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This is anticipated to further delay progress in some key areas of work in the next quarter. The importance of relationship building and creating trust amongst stakeholders. PROVINCES, DISTRICTS AND VILLAGES. In this quarter, the USAID SEA Project team continued to push for regular engagement with provincial officials in North Maluku, Maluku, and West Papua to ensure joint planning and buy-in from the provinces for project activities pertaining to MPA development, village level involvement and compliance with regulations through POKMASAS groups, fisheries log-book trials, and fisheries data collection, among other activities. These activities must all be firmly incorporated, and prioritized, in provincial development plans, with associated budgets available to ensure effective implementation. The USAID SEA Project policy and governance team (in coordination with other technical leads) have focused on conveying this message to provincial and district leaders. The challenge is that provincial and district governments have many competing priorities, and the USAID SEA team needs to be creative to attract the attention of local leaders so they will fully endorse, support, and continue the initiatives of the USAID SEA Project. The strategy for the last year, and to the present, is to work closely with leaders from within the Provincial DKPs, helping to ensure buy-in and understanding of these activities. The USAID SEA Project team has realized that full engagement of the district governments and local villages is critical for MPAs to be effective, in addition to the provincial roles of providing overall budgetary support and supervisory management. In this regard, and partly due to Law no. 23, the USAID SEA Project has engaged with the Ministry of Home Affairs (in addition to MMAF) because they have authority over local government jurisdictions and are also concerned with effective local government management of natural resources. The key role of the Ministry of Village Empowerment in providing budgetary support and guidance on the use of funds at the village level has also been recognized, with important implications for local compliance through POKMASWAS and supporting and engaging with SEA Champions — among other functions of the village level governments that engage directly with local coastal resource users as their constituents.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 83 Providing sound technical guidance. Project experience shows that a strong technical and management team encourages stakeholder trust in the project and makes buy-in more achievable. The USAID SEA Project team has successfully gained support and buy-in for Project activities from local partners, government, NGOs, universities, local customary groups, and communities. USAID SEA Project partners CTC, WCS, and WWF have made good progress in their respective field sites to establish MPAs through building solid relationships with district governments, as well as key persons in the provincial DKPs. Thus, the right mix of strategic technical assistance — working at the pace and discretion of the local authorities within a context they understand — can lead to substantial gains. Maintaining relationships in light of the COVID-19 outbreak It is apparent that the 3rd quarter will be challenging in terms of maintaining steady communications with partners at the field level (both provincial and village) due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Already in this quarter the impacts were felt (for example, CTC had to curtail its biophysical survey in Buano Island in mid March 2020 due to concerns of COVID-19 among local residents). This is understandable and thus the USAID SEA Team will need to be sensitive to what is possible in terms of travel and contact with people in the coming 1-2 months or longer. Obviously, this also means that some results of activities will be delayed. Table 29 lays out in general the impact and actions that will be taken to overcome these delays. It should be noted that impact to the achievement of project indicators is expected to be minimal, despite these delays and challenges. The indicators that may experience some delay (if any) in reporting are the following:

• SA2.1b: At least 1.1 million hectares of new marine protected areas under management. • SA2.4: At least 10% increase in fish biomass (in targeted No Take Areas/Core Zone). • SA2.5: At least 10% increase in fish biomass (in targeted No Take Areas/Core Zone). • SA4.1: Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, or regulations of biodiversity conservation officially proposed or adopted as a result of USG’s assistance (disaggregated by type/stage).

In the face of this challenge, one solution that is being quickly tested and implemented is the use of virtual communication tools to conduct small meetings, discussions and even hold trainings and workshops (if carefully planned). Several online discussions for MPA RPZ reviews have already been successfully held with local government partners and stakeholders, and this mode of communication is anticipated to be the norm in the near future, in order to continue progress on work as far as possible.

84 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Table 29: Key activities impacted by COVID-19

SA / Activities Impacted Implication TA BCC Final Evaluation for MPA in Buano Islands. Activities delayed to September or October BCC Final Evaluation for POKMASWAS South Story of Change write up processes delayed to SA1 Sorong. October

Activity will be dropped. SEA will use the existing BCC Final Evaluation for LMMA in Taniwel. reports for story of change. Harvest strategies for Anchovies and Flying Fish Processes delayed – to resume in September Fisheries in West Papua FCMC Meeting. Final Report submission No resuming plan as yet SA2 / Technical consultation on harvest strategy for reef TA1 Activity to continue using virtual meetings. fish in North Maluku. Scaling deployment of digital fisheries monitoring to Will be finalized in May/June improve adaptive fisheries management systems. Finalization of RPZ of Koon, Serutbar, South Sorong, Makian-Moti, Mare, Widi, Morotai, Guraici, Delayed to November / December SA2 / Sula, Ay-Rhun, Lease and Buano. TA2 T1 Biophysical and Socio-economic survey, Maluku, Delayed to October / November North Maluku, and West Papua MPAS SA2 / Development of implementation system for Delayed to September / October TA3 RZWP-3-K. Postponed to October / November (also exploring POKMASWAS TOT Stage 2 Training SA2 / virtual training opportunities instead) TA4 Facilitation of of POKMASWAS in North Maluku Resume facilitation support in September (11), Maluku (4) and West Papua (11) Final step of MSC Pre-Assessment FIP for Shrimp Delayed to September Finalize the RBFM for Mudcrab in Bintuni Bay Delayed to September Activity will be dropped. Delay in Final Report to SA3 Community fisheries survey and final report. October Finalization of tourism handbook North Maluku. Production delayed to September PPP finalization in Lease and Widi. Document finalization delayed to September Maluku: • Governor Regulation on Destructive Fishing • DKP’s strategic plan • Provincial Mid-term Development Plan North Maluku: All delayed until further notice of government SA4 • Governor Regulation on Destructive Fishing operations resuming. • DKP’s strategic plan • Provincial Mid-term Development Plan • Snapper and Grouper Harvest Strategy • Governor’s Regulation on RZWP-3-K Implementation Stranded Mammals Training Delayed to September Delayed until further notice of government operations MPA management unit training SA5 resuming. Women’s group training to advance fishery market Activities dropped. innovations All / Closing event Delayed to October / November Mgmt

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 85 ANNEX 1: USAID SEA Organizational chart.

USAID SEA Project Staffing and Management Organizational Structure

MMAF

Tetra Tech Home Office Project Manager: Gina Green Chief of Party USAID/COR Deputy Project Manager: Thomas McCann Alan White Contract Manager: Jessica Bennett Deputy Chief of Party Tiene Gunawan

Program Coordinator Graphic Designer Mochammad Erline Tasmania Topandi

Contract & HR and Regional Field Implementing Finance Unit Procurement Administrative Technical Advisory Unit Operations Partners Unit Unit

Marine Sustainable Governance & Marine Spatial Senior Coral Triangle MALUKU Finance Manager HR & Administrative Senior ME&L Biodiversity & Contract & FMS Fisheries Institutional Planning Communications Christina Manager Specialist Conservation Center (HUB) Afandy Djauhari Advisor Dev’t Advisor Technical Lead & Outreach Lead Tampubolon Puspa Wardani Dame Siahaan Advisor Irna Sari Christiana Yuni Wen Wen Ely Andrianita Rudyanto Wildlife IT Officer Capacity Communications Data Marine Finance Officer Procurement Senior Fisheries GIS Coordinator Building & Outreach Management Conservation Conservation NORTH Officer Yuswandi Advisor Ndaru Andi Wardana Specialist Specialist Specialist Data Specialist Emillia Purwanto Prasetiyo Society MALUKU Muhamad Nour Melva Aritonang Santi Asri Puji Lestari Damayanti Administrative Maulintania Finance Marine Assistant Officer Sustainable Communications Fisheries Social Policy Officer Conservation World Wildlife Khusnul Contract & Irma Refliana Specialist Specialist Adhi F. Dinastiar Program Fund for Nature - Khotimah Procurement Specialist WEST HR and Ses Rini Gena Lysistrata Officer Mardiani Noorafebrianie Indonesia PAPUA Benny Jaya Administrative BCC Specialist Minaputri Assistant Sustainable Policy & Anselmus Kahan Fisheries Institutional Marisa Coordinator Simbolon Specialist Muhammad Zulkifli Marine Change Ichsan Office Fisheries Assistant Database Wahyu Officer Regitri MDPI Driver Darmawan Nur Salim RARE

ILMMA • Eleanor Carter – USAID SEA Project SHORT-TERM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE • Dyah Rahmatika – MPA Cartographer Reporting and Communications Consultant include: • Donald Bason - Illustrator • Ciony Sia – USAID SEA Project Editor

Key Personnel Project Personnel Reporting Communicating

86 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Regional SEA Staffing and Management Organizational Structure

Tetra Tech Home Office Chief of Party Project Manager: Gina Green MMAF/Province USAID/COR Deputy Project Manager: Thomas McCann Alan White Contract Manager: Jessica Bennett

Deputy Chief of Party Tiene Gunawan

Regional Field Operations

Maluku North Maluku West Papua

USAID SEA West Papua Coordinator Project Leader WWF for Project Leader CTC for USAID SEA Ternate Project Coordinator Regional Technical Director Christovel Rotinsulu USAID SEA Project USAID SEA Project Rosita Tariola Asril Djunaidi Candhika Yusuf Hesti Widodo Site Coordinator for West Papua Project Leader WCS for USAID SEA Project Monitoring Evaluation Learning Learning Network & Program Irwanto Regional M&E Specialist Anisa Budiayu Officer Support Ii Rosna Tardmidji MPA & Fisheries Officers Amrullah Rosadi Agustin Capriati Deputy Team Leader Kusnadi Ehdra Beta Masran Regional Project Coordinator Marine Conservation Inayah Site Coordinator for Seram & Fisheries & Policy Coordinator Irene Sahertian Coordinator Halmahera Seas Hamka Karapesina Miko Budi Raharjo & Evi Nurul Ihsan Finance and Admin Officer Marine Biodiversity Conservation Coordinator Regional Administrative Manager Muhammad Maskur Tamanyira Vinsensius Aman Senior MPA Specialist South Halmahera Julie Lawalata Dewi Anggraini MPA, Fisheries & Marine Tourism Purwanto General Support Officer Officers Law Enforcement Senior Officer Lambertus Apelabi Regional Finance Officer Irwan Pasambo Daniel Leatemia, Sasi Field Communications Officer Cherie Mailoa Umi Kalsum Erniatun Hartini Livelihood Senior Officer GIS & Database Officer Said Ridha Deti Triani Regional Admin & Logistic Communication Officer Communication & Partnership Senior Officer Officer Reporting & MEL Support Siti Yasmina Enita Ping Machmud Sientje Manuhutu Yoga Putra Technical Project Officer Driver Finance & Admin Coordinator Training Specialist Sheyka N. Fadela Poly Benyamin Delia Vacant GIS Officer Aisya J. Dhannahisvara Office Assistant General Support Officer Ahmad Project Administrator Fisheries Officer Tetra Tech Project Personnel Helena Dorce Latupeirissa Dewi Ayu Treanika Sumitro Muhamad WWF Indonesia MPA Community Engagement Coral Triangle Center Admin Assistant Steven Limbong, Susi Rusmiati, Novi Fitrianingrum Ursula Tuhuteru Finance Officer (Ternate) Wildlife Conservation Society Zakiah Susanti Kamaruddin Junior Admin Assistant Qaimudin Nurlaila Admin Assistant TBC

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 87 ANNEX 2: Progress Towards Project Indicators — Q1, FY19

Cumulative FY20 Achievement Achievement LOP ACHIEVED Key Indicators Metric to date Notes Target END FY19 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

SA 1.1 Number of people demonstrating behaviors that This metric includes number of champions, number of people influenced by champions and contribute to biodiversity 1,200 people 1,023 81 254 1,358 number of people who demonstrate behavior conservation, as a result of change due to partners' interventions. USG assistance LOP target achieved and surpassed. The very large number of people exposed to SA1.1 Benchmark 1: Number USAID SEA Project messages this quarter is of people exposed to USAID due to SEA Project's radio program. Figures SEA Project messages through 5,000 people 44,574 701 121,569 166,844 are based on an assumption of 10% of the communication and media accessible population being exposed to outreach messaging delivered by the program. Of the achievement this quarter, 120,718 participants are verified while 851 are awaiting verification. SA1.1 Benchmark 2: Number LOP target achieved and surpassed. The seven additional champions recognized this of ‘champions’ that have the 400 people 484 11 7 502 quarter are all verified. Additional champions capacity to deliver USAID SEA have been identified but are not recorded as Project messages yet as verification has not been finalized. The figure reported this quarter relates to the SA1.1 Benchmark 3: Number 247 people verified to have joined champion- of people influenced by 1,200 people 642 70 247 959 led events. Further figures have been reported champions (by partners ILMMA and WCS) but have yet to be verified. SA1.1 Benchmark 4: Number LOP target achieved and surpassed. Additional Fora this quarter include 8 of fora established and 15 fora 58 4 10 72 POKMASWAS, and 2 community conservation functional groups.

88 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Cumulative FY20 Achievement Achievement LOP ACHIEVED Key Indicators Metric to date Notes Target END FY19 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

LOP target achieved and surpassed. SA2.1a: Number of hectares of Based on the methodology for hectares biological significance and / or calculation established at the end of FY19, the Project is able to claim this achievement. The natural resources under 5,159,774 hectares 21,786,624 0 0 21,786,624 hectare calculation is based on the Governance improved natural resource Criteria stated in the PIRS and based on the management as a result of distribution / migration of small pelagic species USG assistance, applying EAFM in the area between the Weber line and Lydekker line. SA2.1b: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources under improved natural resource 1,377,519 hectares 347,290 0 0 347,290 Will be measured by the end of FY20 management as a result of USG assistance, applying MPA management SA2.1c: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or LOP target achieved. The calculation of natural resources under this has been based on the provincial 17,199,246 hectares 17,282,948 0 0 17,282,948 improved natural resource boundaries within the relevant RZWP-3-K management as a result of Provincial Regulations. USG assistance, applying MSP SA2.2: Number of hectares of biological significance and / or natural resources showing 1,000 hectares 0 0 0 0 Awaiting results from biophysical surveys. improved biophysical conditions as a result of USG assistance LOP target achieved and surpassed. Of SA2.3: Number of small- and fishing the 1,386 vessels inventoried, 95 percent medium-scale vessels 1,200 1,197 189 0 1,386 vessels (1,322) have now been verified. Remaining registered or licensed verification processes are ongoing.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 89 Cumulative FY20 Achievement Achievement LOP ACHIEVED Key Indicators Metric to date Notes Target END FY19 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

SA2.4: Percent change in catch Steady or per unit effort for selected kg/day/vessel 0 0 0 0 Will be measured by the end of FY20 increased gear and landing sites

SA2.5: Percent change in reef Steady or kg/hectares 0 0 0 0 Will be measured by the end of FY20 fish biomass in selected MPAs increased

SA3.1: Number of people with LOP target achieved and surpassed. In increased economic benefits this quarter the data added represents the number of household (hh) members from derived from sustainable 450 people 380 44 626 1,047 Fisher Associations who have received natural resource management premium funds to date through the project. and conservation as a result of Persons added include only those hh members USG assistance who are of aged 18 yrs or older. LOP target achieved and surpassed. Of the amount leveraged this quarter, USD 332,115 has been verified, while USD 538 is SA3.2: Amount of investment leveraged in U.S. dollars, from awaiting verification. The majority of these million U.S. public and private sources for 3 3.785 0.455 0.333 4.572889 leveraged funds have come from government dollars biodiversity conservation as a agencies (provincial, district and village level), result of USG assistance amounting to USD 332,553 this quarter. The remainder has come from communities and champions.

SA3.3: Number of people with One additional village regulation (Nikilukan) is more secure tenure or 6,000 people 5,354 0 0 5,354 in the process of establishment, and once managed access finalized will be added to this metric. SA4.1: Number of laws, policies, strategies, plans, or laws, The 2 additional statutes this quarter are 1 regulations addressing policies, PerDa for the RZWP-3-K of West Papua, and biodiversity conservation 15 strategies, 2 1 2 5 a Local Regulation on Fisheries Resource officially proposed, or adopted plans, Management in North and Central Salawati, as a result of USG assistance regulations Raja Ampat. (disaggregated by type / stage)

90 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Cumulative FY20 Achievement Achievement LOP ACHIEVED Key Indicators Metric to date Notes Target END FY19 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

SA5.1: Number of people trained in sustainable natural LOP target achieved and surpassed. This number reflects the verified participants this resources management and / 2,000 people 1,786 309 147 2,242 quarter. A further 53 participants have been or biodiversity conservation as recorded but remain to be verified. a result of USG assistance SA5.2: Number of innovations LOP target achieved. With the addition of 12 innovations 11 0 1 12 supported with USG assistance the Ocean Eye application.

SA5.3: Number of people that LOP target achieved and surpassed. In this quarter 99 people were involved in either apply improved conservation 240 people 9 133 99 241 joint patrols and / or socialization of law enforcement practices as a community surveillance activities. All metrics result of USG assistance have been verified.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 91 ANNEX 3: COVID-19 Preparation and Contingency Plan

(Verson: 31 March 2020)

In light of the challenges from COVID-19 around the globe and in Indonesia, the SEA Project is developing a contingency plan to protect the health and safety of our staff while also maintaining project implementation in accordance with work plan objectives and client expectations to the extent possible. The plan focuses on how to minimize the risk of obtaining and / or spreading the Corona Virus while maintaining smooth project operations. REMOTE WORKING AS REQUIRED TO MINIMIZE SOCIAL CONTACT Working remotely is not a new experience for most SEA Project staff as they have been working remotely from time to time and completing project activities and tasks from home when the need arises. • All staff have assigned project laptops with remote access to the project network server. • File sharing among staff is conducted regularly with network server for staff, and with email and cloud storage services (such as Google Drive and Dropbox). For key operation staff, VPN connection to access the project network server is provided. • The team members are very adept in the regular use of digital technologies and software applications available from Tetra Tech ARD, including Skype for Business, Egnyte, TetraLinx, and other commercial applications. • No training on the use of teleconference or file sharing tools is required for USAID SEA project staff. An introduction to a particular process is all that will be needed at most. Remote Working and Work From Home mechanism • COP will decide if and when remote working will be operational, the duration, and the mechanism. • Work From Home is a remote working and SEA Project, uses it interchangeably • “Home” in the Work From Home, is the area where staff are based, for example: home in the Work From Home for staff working in the SEA Office in Jakarta is Jakarta. The same principal applies to SEA staff in Ternate, Ambon, and Sorong, their home in Work From Home is Ternate, Ambon, and Sorong, respectively. • In the case that staff would like to return to their hometown, all cost incurred in the process is borne by staff • As needed the SEA Project will apply a Shift System Remote Working scenario: • Operation Team and Technical Team will have alternatively remote working • Managers, Advisors, and Technical Leads will work with their team to provide daily update to COP/DCOP in writing • Each Managers, Advisors, and Technical Leads will be required to check-in at 8.30 am and check-out at 04.30 pm using Skype for Business • Each staff will provide daily logbook to be reported to their supervisors, to be reported at the check-out time. • Regional Technical Director, Regional Coordinators will provide update and report to COP/DCOP in writing. • Unless otherwise noted in memo from COP, work from home policy will be applied until March 31, 2020 TRAVEL POLICY • No international travel allocated for SEA Project staff except for COP home leave until the project completed in March 2021

92 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 • Field Travel to/from the field will continue, but awareness of any disease spread must be maintained. Travel to or in communities or areas where the disease is present or suspected may be restricted. Log any close contacts and the said locations. OPERATIONS The SEA Project has a good and flexible sick leave and health insurance policies that are in compliance to Indonesia’s Labor Law and USAID Policy • In consultation with its COP/DCOP, SEA Project Human Resources and Administration lead is the designated source for information related to COVID 19 situation for SEA Staff, including: • Hospitals and other medical facilities and transport • Available test for COVID – 19 locations • COVID – 19 status in Jakarta and project sites (Maluku, North Maluku, and West Papua) • Continue to conduct daily cleanup of desks and workstations, including doorknobs and other surface, using alcohol disposable wipes. Conduct regular disinfectant spraying to all office area. • Provision of: • Alcohol 70% in each desk in SEA Office in Ambon and Jakarta • Hand sanitizer gel in front counter of the office for staff and visitors • Disposable wipes • Soaps • Masks • First aid kit including pain killer, paracetamol and ibuprofen for fever-reducing medicines • Staff that those who have symptoms of respiratory illness such as common cold, are to stay home and not come to work until they are free of fever, signs of a fever, cough and any other symptoms for at least 24 hours, without the use of fever-reducing or other symptom-altering medicines. Staff should notify their supervisor and stay home if they are sick. • Post flyers in multiple locations that discuss staying home when sick, cough and sneeze etiquette, and hand hygiene. • Apply a 14 days self-isolate mechanism for staff returning from international travel or international visitors. • Postpone meetings and gathering for people more than 20 people or those require travel from or to COVID 19 hotspot areas and provide alternative and reasonable schedule Report to COP/DCOP when Corona Virus infection occurs in the area where staff lives. • In the case that a SEA staff member in a particular office affected by the Corona Virus, all other staff members in that office would need to be tested. • Staff with symptoms such as fever >38oC with coughing and difficulty to breath are required to go to health facility to have the COVID 19 Test • Protocol for COVID 19 Test : • Register and ask for the waiting time for our test • Leave the area and return only for reporting back or for test to avoid prolonged contact with people potentially infected by COVID 19 • After the test ask for the waiting time for your test result and consultation with doctor • Leave the area and only return only for scheduled time for result and doctor’s consultation • Avoid using public transportation, use taxi or private car • As soon as you arrive at home, avoid touching things or persons. Take a shower, soak all your outfit worn during the testing with detergent. Spray/wipe all items you bring to the hospital with alcohol 70% • Self-isolate in accordance to doctor’s advice • Contact emergency number 119 Extension 9 for staff who travel countries infected by COVID 19 or feel that he/she was in contact with people with COVID 19 in the last 14 days • Update and utilize the phone tree mechanism stated in the SEA Operation Manual when emergency cases arise.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 93 Additional information based on the Indonesian Ministry of Health and WHO web page • Hospitals and health facilities will conduct the immediate test for patient with COVID 19 symptoms (COVID 19 suspect) as noted above. When the test indicate positive for COVID 19 infection the patient will be sent to referral hospital for COVID 19. When the test is negative for COVID 19 the patient will undergo to regular treatment as per doctor order. • COVID 19 patient will be sent to the referral hospital with ambulance • COVID 19 patient will be isolated in a special facility the referral hospitals • A sample will be taken everyday during the isolation period • The patient will be released when the sample test result indicates negative COVID 19 in a row. • Specimens will be sent to Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan in Jakarta. The first result will be issued within 24 hours using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Genome sequencing is also available but will take a longer.

Flyer from Mandiri InHealth (Health and Life Insurance Provider)

94 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 ANNEX 4: Updated Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan

The Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (EMMP) builds upon the USAID SEA Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) and the Environmental Threshold Decisions contained therein, and defines practical steps for USAID SEA to mitigate and monitor possible environmental impacts. Given the pre-award development of the IEE, it is worth noting the following: • The IEE included both (i) Categorical Exclusion (CE) and (ii) Negative Determination with Conditions (NDw/C) for illustrative activities outlined in the USAID SEA Scope of Work.

• As a result, the EMMP first screened these activities with the work plan to determine which should be subject to a CE or an NDw/C. Activities with Moderate and Unknown Risk that triggered NDw/C threshold decisions were subject to environmental review and mitigation and monitoring actions. All activities conducted at sea both inside or outside MPAs (e.g., diving/snorkeling, surveys/studies, boat transportation/anchoring, marine ecotourism, etc.) shall follow proper guidance or Standard Operating Procedure to ensure safety and to avoid any adverse impacts to natural ecosystem and environment. As stated in the initial IEE for USAID SEA, potential negative impacts from certain activities on coastal areas, oceans, biodiversity, and ecosystem services are detailed in the USAID sector guidance notes and may include, inter alia, marine habitat disturbance and / or degradation; changes in species composition; increased human presence leading to illegal and / or unsustainable activity (illegal fishing, overharvesting, etc.); contaminated or depleted surface and ground water supplies; creation of perverse incentives for unsustainable practices; and increased market demand for marine/fisheries products leading to adverse impacts on species’ reproduction. Thus, USAID SEA will propose measures to mitigate negative impacts to the environment if any proposed activity has the potential to cause any of these possible impacts (see table below). In addition, policy and supply chain improvements in fisheries can increase the value of fisheries products and incentivize increased fishing effort, thereby contributing to overfishing. Similarly, product labeling, such as documentation for sustainability, good management, or legality, can increase the value of fish products and incentivize increased fishing effort and contribute to overfishing. Such possible results need to be ascertained and carefully mitigated.

For subcontracts under USAID SEA management, USAID SEA will use the impact assessment tools found in the USAID/ABC Environmental Review Form to screen suboncontractor work plans and activities. This will help ensure that funded projects do not result in adverse environmental impacts, help develop mitigation measures as necessary, and specify monitoring and reporting for subcontractors. If activities are not currently covered under the approved IEE and ETD, the Project team will write an Environmental Review Report. Mitigation and monitoring requirements will be included in agreements and contracts. In the first quarter of FY18, the USAID SEA Team will complete environmental reviews (forms) for each USAID SEA Project subcontractor.

The responsible parties for tracking and determining environment impacts and their mitigation measures will generally be the USAID SEA Core Team. In cases where the activity is strictly under the control and surveillance of the NGO contractor, the contractor will be responsible for mitigating impacts from an activity and reporting to the USAID SEA Core Team. If a particular potential impact is significant and specialized such that there is no expertise on the USAID SEA Core Team, then a qualified consultant will be employed to assist with mitigation measures.

This EMMP addresses environmental compliance as set out in section C.11 of Contract AID-497-TO-15- 00005. It is used in conjunction with the ME&L Plan. As Project activities evolved, the EMMP was updated

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 95 for the USAID SEA Year 2 Annual Work Plan. The results of the environmental screening of Year 2 activities within the work plan to determine which fall within the NDw/C and which may need to be monitored or mitigated for are summarized in the table below.

USAID SEA Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Recommended Screening result

Determinations

E)

USAID SEA Activities

(By Strategic Approach)

(NDw/C)

Risk

-

verse impact (C

Very Low Very Risk Low High Moderate or (M) unknown risk (U) significant No ad specified With no mitigation, adverse significant impact Adverse Significant Impact Strategic Approach 1: Create Demand Through Awareness Raising and Advocacy Develop, produce and distribute communication materials U X Baseline assessment on communities’ behavior X X Design and implement behavior change model X X Participate in international and national event (eg. Word Ocean Day, U X International Year of the Reef, Our Ocean Conference, Festivals) Campaign and advocacy for EAFM, MPA, MSP, and LE X X Learning exchange between inexperienced and experienced MPAs X X Strategic Approach 2: Improve Ecosystem Management of FMA-715 And MPAs Technical Approach 1: Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management Improving fishery data management X X Collect data for fish stock assessment X X Develop and implement Harvest Control Strategy and Rules X X Improvement of SIMKADA (vessel registration) system and implementation X X for small-scale fishers SIMKADA training for the operators X X Development and implementation of FADs registration X X Development and implementation of logbook for small-scale fishers X X Improvement of “kartu nelayan” implementation X X Scale-up fair-trade certification for small-scale fishers X X Strengthening coordination between fishery agencies X X Strengthening fisheries researchers capacities X X Strengthening fisheries management X X Establish fisheries management working group and strengthen their capacity X X Sustainable management for flying fish in FakFak U X Assessment on women’s role in the management of flying fish X X Sustainable management for anchovy fishery U X Deploy technology to collect fishery data (eg. spot trace, time-lapse X X camera, supplier level data collection) Establish North Maluku EAFM Learning Center X X Assessment on marine tenure U X Strengthening local fishers through marine tenure/right based management X X Technical Approach 2. Marine Protected Areas Assist in designing and establish MPA in FMA 715 using ecological design X X principles and guidelines Development of MPA management institutions and networking X X Assessment of MPA management status X X Assist the improvement of MPA management X X Advocate for government and private sector support of EAFM/MPA U X funding options Support MMAF with its 30 million ha MPA area goal X X Support the development and implementation of sustainable tourism M X in MPAs Develop model for integration of fisheries management inside MPA X X Support technical exchange among CTI countries on SEA relevant X X MPA topic Support KKLH to strengthen their program for 6 species X X

96 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Recommended Screening result

Determinations

E)

USAID SEA Activities

(By Strategic Approach)

(NDw/C)

Risk

-

verse impact (C

Very Low Very Risk Low High Moderate or (M) unknown risk (U) significant No ad specified With no mitigation, adverse significant impact Adverse Significant Impact Technical Approach 3. Marine Spatial Planning Development of monitoring and evaluation policy for Provincial Marine X X Spatial Process and Plan (RZWP-3-K) Development of integrated MSP geoportal database X X Capacity building for Marine Spatial Planning staff X X Assist the finalization of RZWP-3-K document and development of X X provincial regulation (Perda) for RZWP-3-K Support the socialization of legalized RZWP-3-K X X Technical Approach 4. Law Enforcement Development of policy paper/recommendation related to law enforcement (Marine and Fisheries Compliance Strategy, Port State Measure, U X Community-based Marine and Fisheries Surveillance System, ban on blast fishing raw material) Increase community participation and legalize its role in law enforcement X X Enhance law enforcement capacity, including community-based surveillance X X group (POKMASWAS) Support the development of POKMASWAS training curriculum X X and modules Improvement and utilization of VIIRS Vessel Boat Detection X X Establishment of Network for Combating Marine and Fisheries Crime X X Assess current condition of destructive fishing and the use of exploitative X X fishing gears Awareness raising on combating destructive fishing and the banning of blast fishing raw material supply, ETP species and X X registration regulations Strategic Approach 3: Increase Incentives for Marine Stewardship Encourage private sector/fishermen group to conduct Fisheries M X Improvement Program (FIP) Develop investment opportunities M X Leveraging investments for sustainable fisheries and marine tourism sectors M X Develop alternative schemes to finance MPA (eg. PES) and fisheries X X Exchange visit on MPA related themes X X Improve local fisher skill to increase their fish catch quality M X Assessment on the fisheries subsidies X X Implement fisheries and FTF activities to enhance value paid to fishers M X through Fair Trade agreements (e.g. MDPI) Implement FTF activities to improve fisheries productivity (e.g. AP2HI, X X UKIP and UNIPA) Implement FTF activities to enhance marine tenure and community X X ownership (e.g. ILMMA, Rare) Implement FTF activities to enhance coastal community livelihood through M X tourism (e.g. Reef Check) Training for Women Group for Fish Processing/Side Product from Fisheries M X Strategic Approach 4: Advance the Development of Marine and Fisheries Policies and Regulations Assist the government to accelerate the finalization of Personnel, Financing, X X Infrastructure, and Documents (known as P3D) transfer from district to provincial government Assess policies pertaining to small scale fisheries U X Support the development of white paper/policy recommendation on the banning of blast fishing raw materials, MPA, protection of 6 ETP species, U X development of RZWP-3-K monitoring and evaluation system, Community- based Marine and Fisheries Surveillance System Strengthen or create working group X X Support the acknowledgement of Customary Law on Effective and X X Sustainable MPA Management and Local Fisheries Management

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 97 Recommended Screening result

Determinations

E)

USAID SEA Activities

(By Strategic Approach)

(NDw/C)

Risk

-

verse impact (C

Very Low Very Risk Low High Moderate or (M) unknown risk (U) significant No ad specified With no mitigation, adverse significant impact Adverse Significant Impact Dissemination of SEA Project supported policy paper X X Support the development of policy recommendation on the streamlining X sustainable MPA and fisheries management into strategic planning at local U X and provincial level Analysis of Law 23 performed with MMAF and the provinces with X X facilitation to assist implementation Strategic Approach 5. Institutionalize Training and Capacity Building for Fisheries Management and Marine Conservation Identification of training need assessment for fisheries, MSP and X X law enforcement Enhance stakeholders’ capacity’s in fisheries, MPA, MSP, law enforcement, X X and sustainable tourism Finalization of SKKNI on marine tourism and outreach in MPA X X Institutionalize training and capacity building at MMAF Training Center X X Facilitate learning exchange at international, national and regional level X X Develop training curriculum and modules for POKMASWAS X X

As stated in the initial IEE for the USAID SEA Project, potential negative impacts from certain activities on coastal areas, oceans, biodiversity, and ecosystem services are detailed in the USAID sector guidance notes and may include, inter alia, marine habitat disturbance and / or degradation; changes in species composition; increased human presence leading to illegal and / or unsustainable activity (illegal fishing, overharvesting, etc.); contaminated or depleted surface and ground water supplies; creation of perverse incentives for unsustainable practices; and increased market demand for marine/fisheries products leading to adverse impacts on species’ reproduction. Thus, USAID SEA will propose measures to mitigate negative impacts to the environment if any proposed activity has the potential to cause any of these possible impacts (see table below).

In addition, policy and supply chain improvements in fisheries can increase the value of fisheries products and incentivize increased fishing effort, thereby contributing to overfishing. Similarly, product labeling, such as documentation for sustainability, good management, or legality, can increase the value of fish products and incentivize increased fishing effort and contribute to overfishing. Such possible results need to be ascertained and carefully mitigated.

For subcontracts under USAID SEA management, USAID SEA will use the impact assessment tools found in the USAID/ABC Environmental Review Form to screen subcontractor work plans and activities. This will help ensure that funded projects do not result in adverse environmental impacts, help develop mitigation measures as necessary, and specify monitoring and reporting for subcontractors. If activities are not currently covered under the approved IEE and ETD, the Project team will write an Environmental Review Report. Mitigation and monitoring requirements will be included in agreements and contracts. In the first quarter of FY18, the USAID SEA Team will complete environmental reviews (forms) for each USAID SEA Project subcontractor.

The responsible parties for tracking and determining environment impacts and their mitigation measures will generally be the USAID SEA Core Team. In cases where the activity is strictly under the control and surveillance of the NGO contractor, the contractor will be responsible for mitigating impacts from an activity and reporting to the USAID SEA Core Team. If a particular potential impact is significant and specialized such that there is no expertise on the USAID SEA Core Team, then a qualified consultant will be employed to assist with mitigation measures.

98 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Proposed Mitigation and Monitoring Measures for Potential Negative Environmental Impacts from USAID SEA First-Year Activities

Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility Develop, produce and Producing printed communication material Yes, most printed company Use only recycled paper or eco-labeled Behavior change distribute communication may have negative impact on the do not have an adequate paper. advisors, SEA CORE materials environment in regards of the use of waste handling system and staff, and partners unsustainable paper source and ink related the most common paper waste. available in the market are not eco-labeled.

Participate in international, Festivals at local/regional level have the Yes, if participants of the Incorporate zero-waste campaign for the All advisors and partners national and regional event tendencies to produce a lot of waste, event have limited festivals. (e.g. Word Ocean Day, especially plastic waste. knowledge on the danger of International Year of the plastic waste to Reef, Our Ocean our ocean. Conference, Festivals at local/regional level).

Sustainable management Since the FTF activities are now clearly None at this time. All technical livelihood support for Develop and implement for flying fish and demersal defined and although they include a range communities for advancing village FTF to improve fisheries in FakFak (FTF) of interventions at the local and community development plans must be based on productivity level, no planned activities include strong commitments for conservation and aquaculture or introduction of livelihoods fisheries enhancement. Technical livelihood that may have impacts in some manner and support for communities must include Fisheries and Biodiversity thus only monitoring of project changes is commitments for conservation and Advisors and other required. sustainable resource use and strong Core staff monitoring that measures performance for conservation and sustainability.

Sustainable management Since the FTF activities are now clearly None at this time. All technical livelihood support for Develop and implement for anchovy fishery (FTF) defined and although they include a range communities for advancing village FTF to improve fisheries of interventions at the local and community development plans must be based on productivity level, no planned activities include strong commitments for conservation and aquaculture or introduction of livelihoods fisheries enhancement. Technical livelihood that may have impacts in some manner and support for communities must include Fisheries and Biodiversity thus only monitoring of project changes is commitments for conservation and Advisors and other required. sustainable resource use and strong Core staff monitoring that measures performance for conservation and sustainability.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 99 Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility Assessment on marine The assessment does not have any threat Yes Discussion on marine tenure should include Facilitate development of tenure to the environment. But the marine tenure customary leaders, religious leaders and community agreements related activity need to be treated carefully. marine tenure owners. The projects should Marine tenure is related to customary law ensure there is a buy-in from the local and in Papua it is considered stronger than communities. Community Development and the government law, and embedded in the daily life of the Papuans. Fisheries Advisors, Staff of ILMMA and Rare

The development and implementation of partnership agreements (co-management) is designed to negotiate, define and guarantee a fair sharing of management, entitlements Co-management agreements must include and responsibilities over natural resources. commitments for conservation and sustainable NR use and strong monitoring While aimed at conservation and that measures performance for sustainable resources use, these may conservation and sustainable NRM use with encourage unsustainable use where parties future rights and access. are granted new access to new fishing areas or limit access. Advocate for government Alternative financing arrangements can have Yes, if financial alternatives The USAID SEA Project will review Fisheries and Private and private sector support adverse impacts on other financial sectors are not clearly understood proposed alternative financial schemes for Public Partnership of EAFM/MPA funding or add incentives for over fishing in some or may create a perverse any possible perverse affects that may Advisors options cases. incentive to stimulate over- increase incentives for overfishing or other (e.g. Marine Change) fishing. possible negative outcomes.

Ensure that the public/private institutions have commitment to protect the environmental. Support the development Tourism without good planning will bring Yes, if there is lack of A training on developing marine sustainable Biodiversity advisor and and implementation of negative impact such has garbage, understanding on sustainable tourism in MPAs for related stakeholders. partners sustainable tourism household waste, coral reef damage, and tourism concept. in MPAs even loss of indigenous culture. Ensure the development and implementation of SOP or best practices are in place.

100 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility Development of policy USAID has deemed activities that affect Yes, but USAID SEA No specific measures needed as long as Proper implementation paper/recommendation spatial plans, policy development etc as recommendations will be USAID SEA does not support desktop and of USAID SEAs and LCP related to law enforcement NDw/C. However, these policies to be designed to promote non-participatory approaches in the (participatory, inline with (Marine and Fisheries supported by USAID SEA are designed to sustainable development and development of policy recommendations. regulations etc.). Compliance Strategy, Port promote sustainability and biodiversity will be scientifically-based. State Measures, conservation. Community-based Marine Fisheries and Policy and Fisheries Surveillance Advisors, Marine System, ban on blast fishing Change staff raw material)

Encourage private FIP might add incentives for over fishing in Yes, if FIP will add more The USAID SEA Project will ensure there Fisheries advisor and sector/fishermen group some cases. financial value to fishers’ is a good schemes for any possible partners to conduct Fisheries catch and with lack of perverse affects that may increase Improvement Program understanding on the incentives for overfishing or other possible (FIP) purpose of FIP, it may create negative outcomes. a perverse incentive to stimulate over-fishing.

Development of Without clear ESG agreed guidelines to Yes, to date the ESG Assess the investment according to The same ESG indicators investment opportunities monitor and assess the PPP investment indicators have not been agreed project ESG indicators, only when can be used before the there is a low probability the investment approved. PT KIK (Marine the project is satisfied can discussion investment, and highly could lead to further overexploitation and Change) do have a set of move forward. recommended to review degradation of the environment. ESG indicators drafted for annually for the duration fisheries and aquaculture of the project. which could be presented to the project for approval. For eco-tourism PT KIK has the compability to review current literature and indicators being used across the region to draft a set of ESG indicators suitable for the project. These indicators should be agreed upon by the project before any discussion begins around private investments.

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 101 Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility Leveraging investments for Without clear Environment, Social and Yes, to date the ESG Assess the investment according to The same ESG indicators sustainable fisheries and Corporate Governance (ESG) agreed indicators have not been agreed project ESG indicators, only when can be used before the marine tourism sectors guidelines to monitor and assess the PPP approved. PT KIK (Marine the project is satisfied can discussion investment, as well as investment there is a low probability the Change) do have set of ESG move forward. criteria in private sectors investment could lead to further indicators drafted for partner selection overexploitation and degradation of the fisheries and aquaculture environment. which could be presented to Fisheries advisor and FTF the project for approval. There is also prospects that the project USAID SEA Project could engages less than environmentally friendly also create rigorous criteria institutions and therefore cause in private sectors partner environmental impacts such as solid waste selection and its subsequent and water pollutions, and other due diligence as well as environmental impact explore best practices and comply to available code of conduct for sustainable marine tourism and fisheries sectors Improve local fisher skill While there will be chances of No. The training is to While there is no further consideration for Less paper/plastic waste to increase their fish environmental impact from this activity, increase the knowledge and the impact for this activity, attention will be during the training and catch quality such as excessive use of papers for printing skill of the stakeholders in given to the logistic of the training such topics of food and materials, but it will be minimum. North Maluku on a better, that it will minimize the impact of the environmental safety in environmentally conscience training activity. In addition, the content of the training curricula The potential impact will be on the practices in fish handling. As training will cover all aspect of food safety activities including waste, use of harmful such, the activity does not and environmental safety measures in the substances of the fish handling. pose a risk because of flow fish handling. severity, frequency, and duration Implement fisheries and FTF can add incentives for over fishing in Yes, if FTF will add more The USAID SEA Project will ensure there Fisheries advisor and FTF FTF activities to enhance some cases. financial value to fishers’ is a good schemes for any possible partners value paid to fishers catch and with lack of perverse affects that may increase through Fair Trade understanding on the incentives for overfishing or other possible agreements (e.g. MDPI) purpose of FIP, it may create negative outcomes. a perverse incentive to stimulate over-fishing. Implement FTF activities to Selection of type of activity for the coastal Yes, the USAID SEA will The USAID SEA Project will ensure the Best practices and code enhance coastal community community livelihood can lead to increasing create rigorous criteria in tourism products are in accordance with of conduct. by- products hence solid waste, causing the selection of business best practices and code of conduct is

102 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility livelihood through tourism water pollution, and overexploitation of type or product of tourism available for sustainable marine tourism FTF partners (e.g. Reef Check) marine resources as well as explore best activities. practices and comply to available and / or agreed code of conduct for sustainable marine tourism Training for Women While there will be chances of No. The training is to While there is no further consideration for Less paper/plastic waste Group for Fish environmental impact from this activity, increase the knowledge and the impact for this activity, attention will be during the training and Processing/Side Product such as excessive use of papers for printing skill of the women group in given to the logistic of the training such topics of food and from Fisheries materials, but it will be minimum. North Maluku on a better, that it will minimize the impact of the environmental safety in environmentally conscience training activity. In addition, the content of the training curricula practices in fish processing. training will cover all aspect of food safety The potential impact will be from the As such, the activity does and environmental safety measures in the processing activities including waste, use of not pose a risk because of fish processing/side product from fisheries Fisheries advisor and harmful substances of the processing. flow severity, frequency, and partners duration Assess policies pertaining USAID has deemed activities that affect Yes, but USAID SEA No specific measures needed as long as Proper implementation to small scale fisheries spatial plans, policy development etc as recommendations will be USAID SEA does not support desktop and of USAID SEAs and LCP NDw/C. However, these policies to be designed to promote non-participatory approaches in the (participatory, inline with supported by USAID SEA are designed to sustainable development and development of policy recommendations. regulations etc.). promote sustainability and biodiversity will be scientifically-based. conservation. Fisheries and Policy Advisors, Marine Change staff Support the development USAID has deemed activities that affect Yes, but USAID SEA No specific measures needed as long as Proper implementation of white paper/policy spatial plans, policy development etc as recommendations will be USAID SEA does not support desktop and of USAID SEAs and LCP recommendation on the NDw/C. However, these policies to be designed to promote non-participatory approaches in the (participatory, inline with banning of blast fishing raw supported by USAID SEA are designed to sustainable development and development of policy recommendations. regulations etc.). materials, MPA, protection promote sustainability and biodiversity will be scientifically-based. of 6 ETP species, conservation. development of RZWP-3- Fisheries and Policy K monitoring and Advisors, Marine Change evaluation system, staff Community-based Marine and Fisheries Surveillance System

USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020 | 103 Do Impacts Require Monitoring Activities and Identified Environmental Impacts Further Mitigation Measures Indicators and Processes Consideration? Responsibility Support the development USAID has deemed activities that affect Yes, but USAID SEA No specific measures needed as long as Proper implementation of policy recommendation spatial plans, policy development etc as recommendations will be USAID SEA does not support desktop and of USAID SEAs and LCP on the streamlining NDw/C. However, these policies to be designed to promote non-participatory approaches in the (participatory, inline with sustainable MPA and supported by USAID SEA are designed to sustainable development and development of policy recommendations. regulations etc.). fisheries management into promote sustainability and biodiversity will be scientifically-based. strategic planning at local conservation. and provincial level Fisheries and Policy Advisors, Marine Change staff

104 | USAID SEA Project | QUARTERLY REPORT: 01 January 2020 – 31 March 2020