2 Přímé Zahraniční Investice

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2 Přímé Zahraniční Investice Poděkování Ráda bych tímto poděkovala Ing. Jaroslavu Demelovi, Ph.D. za odborné rady, cenné připomínky a čas strávený konzultacemi a vedení m diplomové práce . Anotace Ústředním téma tem předkládané diplomové práce je investiční záměr společnosti Hyundai Mobis, která se v minulém roce rozhodla vybudovat na území České republiky (přesněji v průmyslové zóně Mošnov v Moravskoslezském kraji) nový závod na výrobu světel pro automobilový průmysl. Ohlášení vstupu významného investora do země s sebou váže určitá očekávání, kladná a záporná zároveň, a není vždy jednoduché investici objektivně zhodnotit ještě před její realizací. Cílem práce je na základě analýzy navrhnout jednotlivým stakeholderům konkrétní postoj k investici. K tomu to účelu poslouží především anal ýza nejvýznamnějších faktorů spoje ných s rozhodováním investora o umístění investice, následovaná nastíněním možných dopadů na vybrané makroekonomické ukazatele . Pro kompletní uvedení do souvislostí je úvodní část práce obecně věnována problematice vstupu společnosti na trh , přímým zahraničním investicím a jejich vývoji v České republice. Klíčová slova Hyundai Mobis, investice na zelené louce, Jižní Korea, lokalizační faktory výběru země investice, přímé zahraniční investice. Annotation The C ircumstanc es of the C hosen South Korean I nvestor’ s E ntry to the Czech Republic The central theme of this thesis is an investment plan of Hyundai Mobis, which last year decided to build a new plant in the Czech Republic (specifically in the industrial zone Mošnov in the Moravian - Silesian Region) for the production of lights for the automotive industry. Announcing the entry of a major investor in the country , brings some expectations, positive and negative at the same time, and it is not always easy to objectively eva luate investment before its implementation. The aim of this thesis is to suggest the particular attitude of the investment based on analysis for the individual stakeholders . This analysis mainly serves the purpose of the most important factors associated w ith the investor ’ s decision to place the investment, followed by outlining the potential impacts of the selected macroeconomic indicators . For a complete summary of the initial part of this thesis it is generally devoted to the issue of the company ’ s entry to the market, foreign direct investment and their development in the Czech Republic. Key Words Foreign direct investment, greenfield investment, Hyunda i Mobis, localization factors of selection the country of the investment, So uth Korea. Obsah SEZNAM OBR ÁZKŮ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 10 SEZNAM TABULEK ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 11 SEZNAM ZKRATEK ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 12 ÚVOD ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 13 1 INTERNACIONALIZACE P ODNIKU ................................ ................................ ......................... 15 1.1 D ŮVODY INTERNACIONALI ZACE PODNIKU ................................ ................................ ..................... 15 1.2 F ÁZE A PRŮBĚH INTERNACION ALIZACE PODNIKOVÝCH ČINNOSTÍ ................................ .................... 17 1.3 F AKTORY OVLIVŇUJÍCÍ V ÝBĚR ZEMĚ A FORMU VS TUPU PODNIKU NA TRH ................................ ........ 19 1.3.1 Glob ální rámcové podmínky země ................................ ................................ ....................... 19 1.3.2 Odvětví a konkurence ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 21 1.3.3 Specifické faktory pro podnik ................................ ................................ .............................. 22 1.4 F ORMY VSTUPU PODNIKU NA MEZINÁRODNÍ TRH ................................ ................................ ............ 23 1.4.1 Vývoz a dovoz zboží a služeb ................................ ................................ ............................... 24 1.4.2 Kapitál ově nenáročné přítomnosti na zahraničních trzích ................................ .................... 25 1.4.3 Kapitálově náročné přítomnosti na zahraničních trzích ................................ ....................... 27 2 PŘÍMÉ ZAHRANI ČNÍ INVESTICE ................................ ................................ ............................ 28 2.1 K LASIFIKACE PZI ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 29 2.2 L OKALIZAČNÍ FAKTORY P ŘÍLIVU PZI ................................ ................................ ............................. 33 2.3 D OPADY PZI V CÍLOVÉ ZEMI INVESTIC E ................................ ................................ ......................... 37 2.4 H ODNOCENÍ PŘÍLIVU PZI ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 39 3 PŘÍMÉ ZAHRANIČNÍ INV ESTICE V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE ................................ .................... 42 3.1 V ÝVOJ PŘÍLIVU PZI DO ČR ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 42 3.2 V ÝVOJ PŘÍLIVU JIHOKOR EJSKÝCH PZI DO ČR ................................ ................................ ................ 47 3.3 P ODPORA PŘÍLIVU PZI DO ČR ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 51 3.3.1 Institucionální podpora přílivu investic do ČR ................................ ................................ ..... 51 3.3.2 Investiční pobídky ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 52 4 HYUNDAI MOBIS ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 60 4.1 V IZE , MISE A STRATEGIE SPO LEČNOSTI ................................ ................................ .......................... 61 4.2 P O RTFOLIO ČINNOSTÍ SPO LEČNOSTI ................................ ................................ ............................... 62 4.3 O BCHODNÍ PARTNEŘI SPO LEČNOSTI ................................ ................................ ............................... 63 4.4 L OKALIZACE A LOKALIZA ČNÍ POLITIKA SPOLEČN OSTI VE SVĚTĚ ................................ ..................... 65 4.5 V STUP H YUNDAI M OBIS DO ČR ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 68 8 4.5.1 Charakter plánované investice a harmonogram akce ................................ ........................... 69 4.5.2 Typ zakládané společnosti ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 71 4.5.3 Technologie výroby a plánovaná produkce podniku ................................ ............................. 71 5 ANALÝZA OKO LNOSTÍ VSTUPU HYUNDA I MOBIS DO ČR S POUŽ ITÍM NEJVÝZNAMNĚJŠÍCH LOK ALIZAČNÍCH FAKTORŮ V STUPU ................................ ................... 74 5.1 P ODNIKATELSKÉ PROSTŘE DÍ ČR A INVESTIČNÍ POBÍDKY ................................ ................................ 75 5.2 P RŮMYSLOVÁ ZÓNA M OŠNOV ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 80 5.3 G EOGRAFICKÁ POLOHA A INFRASTRUKTURA ................................ ................................ ................. 82 5.4 K VALITA A DOSTUPNOST PRACOVNÍ SÍLY ................................ ................................ ....................... 83 5.5 O DBĚRATELÉ A KONKUREN CE ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 85 5.6 V EŘEJNÉ VNÍMÁNÍ INVES TIČNÍHO PROJEKTU ................................ ................................ .................. 87 5.7 V YHODNOCENÍ OKOLNOSTÍ VSTUPU H YUNDAI M OBIS DO ČR Z HLEDISKA VYBRANÝCH LOKALIZAČNÍCH FAKTOR Ů ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 88 6 HODNOCENÍ OKOLNOSTÍ VSTUPU HYUNDAI MOBIS DO ČR Z HLEDISKA MOŽNÝCH DOPADŮ INVEST ICE NA VYBRANÉ OBLAS TI EKONOMIKY ................................ ...................... 90 6.1 D OPAD INVESTICE NA HDP ČR A M ORAVSKOSLEZSKÉHO KRA JE ................................ .................... 90 6.2 D OPAD INVESTICE NA MÍ RU NEZAMĚS TNANOSTI V M ORAVSKOSLEZSKÉM KRAJ I ............................. 93 6.3 D OPAD INVESTICE NA PR ŮMĚRNOU MZDU V PRŮMYSLU M ORAVSKOSLEZSKÉHO KRA JE ................... 95 6.4 D OPAD INVESTI CE NA VÝŠI VYBÍRANÝC H DANÍ ................................ ................................ .............. 96 6.5 D OPAD INVESTICE NA NÁ KLADY EXPORTU HOTOVÝ CH DÍLŮ ................................ ......................... 101 6.6 O DHAD HODNOTY INVESTI CE PRO ČR, M ORAVSK OSLEZSKÝ KRAJ A OBEC M OŠNOV ...................... 102 ZÁVĚR ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 106 SEZNAM POUŽITÉ LITER ATURY ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 109 SEZNAM PŘÍLOH ...............................
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