FOOD ADDITIVES Used by Food Businesses in the Production of Food E.G

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

FOOD ADDITIVES Used by Food Businesses in the Production of Food E.G FOOD ADDITIVES used by food businesses in the production of food e.g. food manufacturers, bakeries, caterers, home bakers Product name: Additives used: Legislation Reference Legal Requirement Yes No Article 4 Check the additive is listed in Annex II Part B EU list of food additives Note: Be alert for banned or unauthorised food additives e.g. Red 2G (E128) and Brown FK (E154) Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 Check additives used comply with the additive specifications Ref: Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 Decide the relevant food category/sub category Ref: Annex II Part D and Commission Descriptors Document You can access the food Check additive is permitted in this food category/sub additives database and food category additive legislation on Ref: Annex II Part E www.fsai.ie Check the additive’s conditions of use and if there are any restrictions on its use Ref: Annex II Part E If using the food additive nitrite, check that it is only received into the premises in a mixture with salt or a salt substitute If additives including carriers are used in food additives, food enzymes, food flavourings or nutrients - consult Annex III of Regulation (EC) 1333/2008 for conditions of use Article 18 If additives are used but not listed on the final product Carry-over Principle label, need to consider Article 18 of Regulation (EC) No Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008. 1333/2008 & Note: all allergens require labelling even when present due to the carry–over principle Article 20 Omission of constituents of The carry-over principle is not allowed for foodstuffs food from the list of listed in Annex II Part A Table 1 ingredients Regulation (EU) No. Presence of a colour is not permitted by virtue of the 1169/2011 carry-over principle to foodstuffs listed in Annex II Part A Table 2 Legislation Reference Legal Requirement Yes No Article 18 Check additive is labelled correctly on the final product List of Ingredients label. Regulation (EU) No. i.e. 1169/2011 Category (functional class as defined in Annex I of 1333/2008) followed by specific name or E number e.g. Sweetener (Aspartame) OR Sweetener (E951) In the case of Modified Starch, the specific name or E number shall not be required to be indicated If the additive contains an allergen then Category (functional class as defined in Annex I of 1333/2008) followed by specific name e.g. Preservative (Sodium metabisulphite) Other allergens in additives to bear in mind include soya lecithin and modified wheat starch Art 10 Check MAP packs have ‘‘packaged in a protective Additional mandatory atmosphere’ on their label particulars for specific types or categories of foods Check foods containing sweeteners have ‘with Regulation (EU) No. sweetener(s)’ accompanying the name of the food on 1169/2011 their label. Ref: Annex III Foods for which the Check food containing both added sugar and sweeteners labelling must include one have ‘with sugar(s) and sweetener(s)’ accompanying the or more additional name of the food on their label. particulars Check foods containing aspartame/ aspartame-acesulfame salt have the following on their label: ‘contains aspartame (a source of phenylalanine)’ in cases where aspartame/ aspartame-acesulfame salt is designated in the list of ingredients only by reference to the E number. ‘contains a source of phenylalanine’ in cases where aspartame/aspartame-acesulfame salt is designated in the list of ingredients by its specific name. Check foods containing more than 10 % added polyols have ‘excessive consumption may produce laxative effects’ on their label. Legislation Reference Legal Requirement Yes No Article 241 Check ‘name or E number of the colour(s)’: may have an Labelling requirement for adverse effect on activity and attention in children is on foods containing certain the label of food containing the following colours: food colours Sunset yellow (E 110) Regulation (EC) No. Quinoline yellow (E 104) 1333/2008 Carmoisine (E 122) Allura red (E 129) Tartrazine (E 102) Ponceau 4R (E 124) Article 8 Check labelling is displayed correctly as follow: Responsibilities For retail packs - all the labelling requirements have Regulation (EU) No. to be on the label (Articles 12&13) 1169/2011 For non-retail packs for wholesale or mass caterers, the labelling information can be on the commercial documents referring to the foods where it can be guaranteed that such documents either accompany the food to which they refer or were sent before or at the same time as delivery. However in addition the following must be on the external packaging: o name of the food o best-before/use-by date o any special storage conditions and/or conditions of use o name and address of business For business to business trade (i.e. food not intended for the final consumer or to mass caterers), sufficient information must be provided to enable the business that is receiving the food to label the final product correctly (Article 8) . 1 This requirement does not apply to: (a) foods where the colour has been used for health or other marking on meat products or for stamping or decorative colouring on egg shells, and (b) beverages containing >1.2% by volume of alcohol .
Recommended publications
  • Chapter 8: Food Additives
    8 Food Additives Tanya Louise Ditschun and Carl K. Winter CONTENTS Introduction Food Additive Functionality Food Additive Regulations Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) The Delaney Clause Unintentional Additives Assessment of Food Safety` Specific Food Additives Under Scrutiny Saccharin Aspartame Hydrolysis Products of Aspartame Aspartic Acid Phenylalanine Methanol Diketopiperazine Marketing of Aspartame Erythrosine (FD & C Red #3) Olestra Anectodal Reports of Health Effects Due to Olestra Effects of Olestra on Nutrient Absorption Vitamin A Vitamin E Vitamin D Vitamin K Triglycerides Dietary Phytochemicals References © 2000 by CRC Press LLC Introduction Food additives have been used for centuries in food processing practices such as smoking and salting meat. Prior to the advent of refrigeration, food grown in the summer had to be preserved for the winter; salt, sugar, and vinegar were commonly used preservatives. The pursuits of explorers such as Marco Polo were often for food additives. Additives serve many roles and common uses include maintaining product consistency and pal- atability, providing leavening or control pH, enhancing flavor, and impart- ing color. A food additive can be defined in many ways. The Codex Alimentarius Commission, which develops international regulatory guidelines for food additives, provides the following definition of a food additive: Any substance not normally consumed as a food by itself, and not normal- ly used as a typical ingredient of the food, whether or not it has nutritive value, the intentional addition of which to food for a technological (includ- ing organoleptic) purpose in the manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packing, packaging, transport or holding of such food results, or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, in it or its by-products becoming a component of or otherwise affecting the charac- teristics of such food.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Existing Food Additives
    The Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation List of Existing Food Additives This list of food additives from natural origin is complied and published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare on April 16, 1996. These additives are listed here in alphabetic order. The number preceding the name of each additive is the sequence number given to the corresponding additive in the original Japanese list. Effective from January 30, 2014 236 Absinth extract A substance composed mainly of sesquiterpenes obtained from the whole absinth grass. 10 α-Acetolactate decarboxylase - 146 Acid clay - 147 Acid phosphatase - 3 Actinidine - 56 Activated acid clay - 55 Active carbon A substance obtained by carbonizing and activating carbon-containing substances. 5 Acylase - 11 5'-Adenylic acid - 2 Agarase - 4 Agrobacterium succinoglycan A substance composed mainly of succinoglycan obtained from the cultured solution of bacteria belonging to Agrobacteriurn. 17 L-Alanine - 23 Alginate lyase - 22 Alginic acid - 24 Aluminium - 196 Amino acid-sugar reaction product A substance obtained by heating the mixture of amino acids and monosaccharides. 14 Aminopeptidase - 15 alpha-Amylase - 16 beta-Amylase - 12 Annatto extract A substance composed mainly of norbixin and bixin obtained from the seed coats of annatto. 25 Anthocyanase - 19 Arabino galactan - 20 L-Arabinose - 21 L-Arginine - 145 Artemisia sphaerocephala seed A substance composed mainly of polysaccharides obtained from the seed gum coats of SABAKU-YOMOGI (Artemisia sphaerocephala KRASCH). 6 Ascorbate oxidase - 7 L-Asparagine - 8 L-Aspartic acid - 9 Aspergillus terreus glycoprotein A substance composed mainly of glycoprotein obtained from the cultured solution of mould belonging to Aspergillus terreus . 1 Aureobasidium cultured solution A substance composed mainly of beta-1, 3-1, 6-glucan obtained from the cultured solution of yeast belonging to Aureobasidium .
    [Show full text]
  • Clean Label Alternatives in Meat Products
    foods Review Clean Label Alternatives in Meat Products Gonzalo Delgado-Pando 1 , Sotirios I. Ekonomou 2 , Alexandros C. Stratakos 2 and Tatiana Pintado 1,* 1 Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 2 Centre for Research in Biosciences, Coldharbour Lane, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; [email protected] (S.I.E.); [email protected] (A.C.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Food authorities have not yet provided a definition for the term “clean label”. However, food producers and consumers frequently use this terminology for food products with few and recognisable ingredients. The meat industry faces important challenges in the development of clean-label meat products, as these contain an important number of functional additives. Nitrites are an essential additive that acts as an antimicrobial and antioxidant in several meat products, making it difficult to find a clean-label alternative with all functionalities. Another important additive not complying with the clean-label requirements are phosphates. Phosphates are essential for the correct development of texture and sensory properties in several meat products. In this review, we address the potential clean-label alternatives to the most common additives in meat products, including antimicrobials, antioxidants, texturisers and colours. Some novel technologies applied for the development of clean label meat products are also covered. Keywords: clean label; meat products; nitrites alternatives; phosphates alternatives Citation: Delgado-Pando, G.; Ekonomou, S.I.; Stratakos, A.C.; Pintado, T.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Basics of Life
    © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION CHAPTER 2 Chemical Basics of Life OUTLINE KEY TERMS Atoms, Molecules, and Chemical Bonds Acids: Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water. Atomic Structure Activation energy: The amount of energy required to start a Molecules reaction. Chemical Bonds Anions: Ions with a negative charge. Types of Chemical Reactions Atomic number: A whole number representing the number Enzymes of positively charged protons in the nucleus of an atom. Acids, Bases, and the pH Scale Atomic weight: The total number of protons and neutrons in Chemical Constituents of Cells the nucleus of an atom. Inorganic Substances Atoms: The smallest complete units of an element, varying in Organic Substances size, weight, and interaction with other atoms. Summary Bases: Electrolytes that release ions that bond with Learning Goals hydrogen ions. Critical Thinking Questions Carbohydrates: Substances (including sugars) that provide Websites much of the energy required by the body’s cells, as well as Review Questions helping to build cell structures. Catalysts: Atoms or molecules that can change the rate of a OBJECTIVES reaction without being consumed during the process. After studying this chapter, readers should be able to: Cations: Ions with a positive charge. 1. Describe the relationships between atoms and Chemistry: The study of the composition of matter and molecules. changes in its composition. 2. Explain chemical bonds. Compounds: Molecules made up of different bonded atoms. 3. Describe how an atomic number is determined. Decomposition: A reaction that occurs when bonds with a 4. List the major groups of inorganic chemicals reactant molecule break, forming simpler atoms, molecules, common in cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigation of Commodity Food Standards and Food Additives in Asia”(Ⅲ)
    FY2011 Financial Supports for Promoting the “Sixth Industry” in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and Rural Areas Creation and Promotion of the “Sixth Industry” for Pioneering the Future Overseas Business Support Project for Japanese Food Industry in East Asia “Investigation of Commodity Food Standards and Food Additives in Asia”(Ⅲ) Reported by : Hiroaki Hamano, International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI Japan) Investigation Ryoichi Akahoshi (Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd.) Collaborator : Yumi Asada (Unilever Japan Co.) Hiroshi Iwamoto (Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.) Youichiro Umeki (Danisco Japan Co.) Toshihisa Ohta (Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd.) Hiromi Ohta (Suntory Wellness Ltd.) Yoko Ogiwara (Ajinomoto Co., Inc. ASEAN Regional HQs) Satoru Kasai (Nihon Kraft Foods Limited) Kiyohisa Kaneko (Coca-Cola (Japan) Co., Ltd.) Kaori Kusano (Kirin Group Office Company, Ltd.) Yoshiharu Kuma (Kuma Consulting Engineer Office) Masanori Kohmura (Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) Yukio Suzuki (Schiff's Japan) Fumiko Sekiya (Takasago International Co.) Tomoko Takahashi (Nestle Japan Ltd.) Hisahiro Tatewaki (Kirin Holdings Company, Ltd.) Hidekazu Hosono (Suntory Business Expert Ltd.) Kensuke Watanabe (Suntory Business Expert Ltd.) Ryuji Yamaguchi (ILSI Japan) Hisami Shinohara (ILSI Japan) Shuji Iwata (ILSI Japan) Kazuo Sueki (ILSI Japan) ILSI Korea ILSI Focal Point in China ILSI Southeast Asia Region 1. Purpose of the Investigation In order to strengthen management practices and international competitiveness of Japanese food industry that is facing quantitative saturation and maturity in domestic market, it is necessary to address developing business in East Asian - 1 - regions where attractive market is forming due to increasing population and dynamically growing economy. In the past, Japanese food industry has been reluctant to develop new business in East Asia due to lack of information and understanding on food standards, methods of analysis, and conditions for use of food additives in the countries.
    [Show full text]
  • An Integrated Approach to Understand Apicomplexan Metabolism From
    Shanmugasundram et al. BMC Bioinformatics 2014, 15(Suppl 3):A3 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/15/S3/A3 MEETINGABSTRACT Open Access An integrated approach to understand apicomplexan metabolism from their genomes Achchuthan Shanmugasundram1,2*, Faviel F Gonzalez-Galarza1, Jonathan M Wastling2, Olga Vasieva1, Andrew R Jones1 From Ninth International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) Student Council Symposium 2013 Berlin, Germany. 19 July 2013 Background Methods The Apicomplexa is a large phylum of intracellular para- We have utilised an approach called ‘metabolic recon- sites that show great diversity and adaptability in the struction’, in which genes are systematically assigned to various ecological niches they occupy. They are the cau- functions within pathways/networks [1-4]. Functional sative agents of human and animal infections including annotation and metabolic reconstruction was carried malaria, toxoplasmosis and theileriosis, which have a out using a semi-automatic approach, integrating geno- huge economic and social impact. A number of apicom- mic information with biochemical evidence from the plexan genomes have been sequenced and are publicly literature. The functions were automatically assigned available. However, the prediction of gene models and using a sequence similarity-based approach and protein annotation of gene functions remains challenging. motif information. Experimental evidence was also Table 1 A survey of the data available for the different apicomplexan genomes in LAMP. The analysis is updated from the survey table published in the previous publication [5] Organism No of metabolic No of unique No of missing No of Total no of No of metabolites No of end pathways enzymesa enzymesb reactionsc metabolitesd from hoste metabolites to host or of unknown fatef T.
    [Show full text]
  • Codex Alimentarius Commission FOOD and AGRICULTURE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION of the UNITED NATIONS
    codex alimentarius commission FOOD AND AGRICULTURE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS JOINT OFFICE: Via delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 ROME: Tel. 5797 Cables Foodagri ALINORM 78/12 JOINT FAO/WHO FOOD STANDARDS PROGRAMME CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION Twelfth Session, April 1978 REPORT OF THE ELEVENTH SESSION OF THE CODEX COMMITTEE ON FOOD ADDITIVES The Hague, 31 May - 6 June 1977 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction, Appointment of Rapporteurs, Adoption of the Agenda 1 Appointment of Working Groups 1 Matters of Interest to the Committee 2 Consideration of the Report of the ad hoc Working Group on Flavours 5 Report of the ad hoc Working Group on Food Additive Intake 6 Endorsement of Food Additives in Codex Commodity Standards 7 Endorsement of Maximum Levels for Contaminants in Codex Commodity 11 Standards Consideration of Hydrolyzed Protein 12 List C of Food Additives 13 Establishment of Revised Codex List of Food Additives 13 Lists A and C 14 Advisory List of Additives in Soft Drinks 14 Consideration of Processing Aids 15 Consideration of the Report of the Working Group on Specifications 16 Specifications for Food Grade Salt 17 Revised Proposed Draft General Standard for the Labelling of Food Additives 17 when Sold as such Consideration of the Food Irradiation Process 18 Priority List for Food Additives 21 Note Concerning the Various ad hoc Working Groups 21 Future work 21 Other Business 21 Time and Place of Next Session 21 Closure of the Session 22 APENDICES Appendix I - List of Participants 22 Appendix II - Report
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Using E-Numbers Or Colloquial Additive Names on the Consumption Intention
    The effect of using E-numbers or colloquial additive names on the consumption intention. Master thesis Author: Ron Hoogma Supervisor: Arnout Fischer Coreader: Ivo van der Lans Chairgroup: Marketing and Consumer Behaviour Date: 2015 The effect of using E-numbers or colloquial additive names on the consumption intention. Table of content Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Theoretical background ........................................................................................................................... 6 Risk & Benefit perception .................................................................................................................... 6 Understanding and perceiving additives ............................................................................................. 7 Methodology ......................................................................................................................................... 10 Operationalization ............................................................................................................................. 10 Pre-test .............................................................................................................................................. 11 Main study ........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Aspartame | European Food Safety Authority
    5/17/2017 Aspartame | European Food Safety Authority Home Topics A­Z Aspartame Aspartame Aspartame is a low­calorie, intense artificial sweetener. It is a white, odourless powder, approximately 200 times sweeter than sugar. In Europe, it is authorised to be used as a food additive in foodstuffs such as drinks, desserts, sweets, dairy, chewing gums, energy­reducing and weight control products and as a table­top sweetener. The sweetener aspartame and its breakdown products have been a matter of extensive investigation for more than 30 years including experimental animal studies, clinical research, intake and epidemiological studies and post­marketing surveillance. It has been found to be safe and authorised for human consumption for many years and in many countries following thorough safety assessments. In the European Union (EU) the label on foodstuffs containing aspartame must state its presence, indicating either its name or its E number (E 951). Activities Role EU framework FAQ Completed work Since 2002, EFSA has kept the safety of aspartame under regular review and its Scientific Panels have issued several opinions on studies related to this sweetener. Currently, this work is carried out by the Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food (ANS). Latest activities In December 2013 EFSA published its first full risk assessment of aspartame. The opinion concludes that aspartame and its breakdown products are safe for general population (including infants, children and pregnant women). The current Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 40mg/kg bw/day is considered protective for the general population and consumer exposure to aspartame is well below this ADI.
    [Show full text]
  • E Number from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    E number From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia E numbers are codes for substances which can be used as food additives for use within the European Union[1] and Switzerland (the "E" stands for "Europe").[2] They are commonly found on food labels throughout the European Union.[3] Safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of the European Food Safety Authority.[4] Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 with colours. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added, 1970 for antioxidants and 1974 for the emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents.[5] Contents A solution of E101 riboflavin (also 1 Numbering scheme known as Vitamin B2) 2 Colloquial use 3 Classification by numeric range 4 Full list 4.1 E100–E199 (colours) 4.2 E200–E299 (preservatives) 4.3 E300–E399 (antioxidants, acidity regulators) 4.4 E400–E499 (thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers) 4.5 E500–E599 (acidity regulators, anti-caking Crystals of E621 Monosodium glutamate, a flavour enhancer agents) 4.6 E600–E699 (flavour enhancers) 4.7 E700–E799 (antibiotics) 4.8 E900–E999 (glazing agents and sweeteners) 4.9 E1000–E1599 (additional chemicals) 5 See also 6 Notes 7 External links Numbering scheme The numbering scheme follows that of the International Numbering System (INS) as determined by the Codex Alimentarius committee,[6] though only a subset of the INS additives are approved for use in the European Union as food additives. E numbers are also encountered on food labelling in other jurisdictions, including the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, Australia, New Zealand[7] and Israel.
    [Show full text]
  • (1999) 719 Final WHITE PAPER on FOOD SAFETY
    COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 12 January 2000 COM (1999) 719 final WHITE PAPER ON FOOD SAFETY TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................................................................................................3 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................6 CHAPTER 2: PRINCIPLES OF FOOD SAFETY ..................................................................8 CHAPTER 3: ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF FOOD SAFETY POLICY: INFORMATION GATHERING AND ANALYSIS – SCIENTIFIC ADVICE .................................................10 CHAPTER 4: TOWARDS ESTABLISHING A EUROPEAN FOOD AUTHORITY...........14 CHAPTER 5: REGULATORY ASPECTS...........................................................................22 CHAPTER 6: CONTROLS ..................................................................................................29 CHAPTER 7: CONSUMER INFORMATION .....................................................................31 CHAPTER 8: INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION.................................................................34 CHAPTER 9: CONCLUSIONS ...........................................................................................36 ANNEX ...............................................................................................................................37 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Assuring that the EU has the highest standards of food safety is a key policy priority for the Commission. This White Paper reflects this priority. A radical
    [Show full text]
  • FSSAI Does Not Allow Use of Formalin for Fish Preservation July 18, 2018 in Goa News NT NETWORK
    FSSAI does not allow use of formalin for fish preservation July 18, 2018 in Goa News NT NETWORK PANAJI Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, the autonomous body looking after food safety and regulations in the country, does not allow formaldehyde or formalin to be used as preservatives on fresh fish and fish products. The Food Safety and Standard (Food Products Standard and Food Additives) Regulation 2011 issued by the Union ministry of health and family welfare does not include formaldehyde under the list of food additives and preservatives for use in any food products. The notification, which is available on the FSSAI website, says the quantity of the additive added to fish shall be limited to the lowest possible level necessary to accomplish its desired effect. The limit is set between 30mg/kg to 100mg/kg. The food regulator allows the use of only potassium bisulphate, potassium sulphite, sodium metabisulphate, sodium sulphite, all are referred as sulphur dioxide, to be used as preservatives on selected fish products like frozen shrimps, lobster and fish fillets, salted fish, frozen finfish, canned finfish, canned shrimps, canned sardines, canned tuna, bonito and crab meat. The regulation also allows the manufacturers or producers of fish products to use antioxidants like ascorbic acid and also permit acidification which is another means of preserving fish and fish products by using citric acid and acetic acid in such quantity that the pH is not below 5. However, there is no mention of formaldehydes or its other most commonly known names such as methanal, methylene oxide, oxymethylene, methyl aldehyde, oxomethane, formic aldehyde, formol, fannoform, lysoform, morbicid acid, superlysoform and trioxane in the Food Safety and Standard (Food Products Standard and Food Additives) Regulation 2011.
    [Show full text]