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Operation Chariot Saint-Nazaire, 1942.3.28
« They achieved much having dared all »
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1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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the USA have joined the war in December 1941
Many convoys cross the Atlantic Ocean, carrying supply/goods from the USA to the UK
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But these convoys are easy targets for German U-Boote
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- UK navy ships more quickly destroyed than built, - UK in worrying military position, - UK at risk of loosing the war
- Prime minister Churchill particularly concerned about Tirpitz battleship
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« Normandie dock » • 350 m long • 50 m wide • 16,6 m high
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1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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Return ticket to St Nazaire
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1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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- More than 600 men (including very well trained commandos)
and - destroyer HMS Campbeltown (I42), built at Bath Iron Works in 1919, 96m long , modified to look like a German warship and - 15 Motor Launches (MLs), 112-foot-long unarmored mahogany boats - 1 Motor Gunboat (MGB) carried a 2-pounder Vickers anti-aircraft gun, a couple of twin-mount .50-caliber machine guns and a semiautomatic 2-pounder gun. She would be the headquarters boat, and would lead the raiders into the Loire, for she carried both radar and an echo sounder. - 1 Motor Torpedo Boat 74 (MTB-74), modified so that her torpedo tubes, designed to rest amidships, had been moved forward
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HMS Campbeltown (I42) destroyer
Motor Launch (ML)
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Motor Torpedo Boat 74 (MTB-74)
1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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From Falmouth to Saint-Nazaire
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The « old mole » jetty
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pumps
Down To The Pumps
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1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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V for victory
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- 169 died (half of them on the MLs) - 215 were taken prisonners (5 escaped) - 227 managed to return to Britain
1. Historical background 2. Objectives of the raid 3. Geography and military constraints 4. Means applied/involved 5. The raid 6. The aftermath 7. Achievement
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• Normandy dock out of order till 1947 • Restored hope for British nation
Decorations / Awards • The extraordinary courage of the raiders resulted in a total of 74 British decorations, and France contributed four Croix de Guerres • An unprecedented 51 men were mentioned in dispatches, and the operation was dubbed by those who survived it as ‘the greatest raid of all’ • Five Victoria Crosses were awarded to the raiders
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veteran Stephen Barney
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Operation Chariot « The Greatest Raid Of All » Saint-Nazaire, 1942.3.28
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