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Alpine Ice and the Annual Political Economy of the Angevin Empire, from the Death of Thomas Becket to Magna Carta, C
Antiquity 2020 Vol. 94 (374): 473–490 https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2019.202 Research Article Alpine ice and the annual political economy of the Angevin Empire, from the death of Thomas Becket to Magna Carta, c. AD 1170–1216 Christopher P. Loveluck1,* , Alexander F. More2,3,4 , Nicole E. Spaulding3 , Heather Clifford3 , Michael J. Handley3 , Laura Hartman3, Elena V. Korotkikh3 , Andrei V. Kurbatov3 , Paul A. Mayewski3 , Sharon B. Sneed3 & Michael McCormick2 1 Department of Classics and Archaeology, University of Nottingham, UK 2 Initiative for the Science of the Human Past and Department of History, Harvard University, USA 3 Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, USA 4 School of Health Sciences, Long Island University, USA * Author for correspondence: ✉ [email protected] High-resolution analysis of the ice core from Colle Gnifetti, Switzerland, allows yearly and sub-annual measurement of pollution for the period of highest lead production in the European Middle Ages, c. AD 1170–1220. Here, the authors use atmospheric circulation analysis and other geoarchaeological records to establish that Britain was the principal source of that lead pollution. The comparison of annual lead deposition at Colle Gnifetti displays a strong similarity to trends in lead production docu- mented in the English historical accounts. This research provides unique new insight into the yearly political economy and environmental impact of the Angevin Empire of Kings Henry II, Richard the Lionheart and John. Keywords: Colle Gnifetti, Britain, Angevin, ice core, geoarchaeology, lead, silver, Pipe rolls Introduction Twenty years ago, Brännvall et al.(1999) published the first high-resolution evidence dem- onstrating that the largest-scale lead pollution in Northern Europe prior to the modern era occurred between c. -
The Reign of King Henry II of England, 1170-74: Three Minor Revisions
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1-1-2001 The reign of King Henry II of England, 1170-74: Three minor revisions John Donald Hosler Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Recommended Citation Hosler, John Donald, "The reign of King Henry II of England, 1170-74: Three minor revisions" (2001). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 21277. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/21277 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The reign of King Henry II of England, 1170-74: Three minor revisions by John Donald Hosler A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: History Major Professor: Kenneth G. Madison Iowa State University Ames~Iowa 2001 11 Graduate College Iowa State University This is to certify that the Master's thesis of John Donald Hosler has met the thesis requirements of Iowa State University Signatures have been redacted for privacy 111 The liberal arts had not disappeared, but the honours which ought to attend them were withheld Gerald ofWales, Topograhpia Cambria! (c.1187) IV TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE. INTRODUCTION 1 Overview: the Reign of Henry II of England 1 Henry's Conflict with Thomas Becket CHAPTER TWO. -
Elizabeth Thomas Phd Thesis
'WE HAVE NOTHING MORE VALUABLE IN OUR TREASURY': ROYAL MARRIAGE IN ENGLAND, 1154-1272 Elizabeth Thomas A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2010 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2001 This item is protected by original copyright Declarations (i) I, Elizabeth Thomas, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 80,000 words in length, has been written by me, that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September, 2005 and as a candidate for the degree of Ph.D. in September, 2005, the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2005 and 2009. Date: Signature of candidate: (ii) I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. Date: Signature of supervisor: (iii) In submitting this thesis to the University of St Andrews we understand that we are giving permission for it to be made available for use in accordance with the regulations of the University Library for the time being in force, subject to any copyright vested in the work not being affected thereby. -
My Ancestors Who Lived in Leeds Castle (And Some of Them Even Owned It!)
Chapter 75 My Ancestors Who Lived in Leeds Castle (and Some of Them Even Owned It!) [originally written 4 January 2021] On 20 December 2020, Russ Leisenheimer posted a photo of a sunset over Leeds Castle to his Facebook page.1 Russ was one of my high school classmates in Euclid, Ohio, and he still lives in the Cleveland area. Here is the photo: I have been using the “World Family Tree” on Geni.com to investigate my European ancestors who lived during the Middle Ages, and seeing the photo of Leeds Castle got me to wondering if any of my ancestors lived there. OK, I realized that this was going to be a long shot, but due to the coronavirus pandemic, I have lots of free time to look into such seemingly trifling things. I immediately went to Wikipedia.org to learn about Leeds Castle, and that prompted the following reply to Russ on Facebook: Wikipedia states that “Leeds Castle is a castle in Kent, England, 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Maidstone. A castle has existed on the site since 1119, the first being a simple stone stronghold constructed by Robert de Crevecoeur which served as a military post in the time of Norman intrusions into England. In the 13th century, it came into the hands of King Edward I, for whom it became a favourite residence; in the 16th century, Henry VIII used it as a dwelling for his first wife, Catherine of Aragon.” According to the World Family Tree on Geni.com, Robert de Crevecoeur was my 25th great uncle. -
Abshier - Music Genealogy Page 1
Abshier - Music Genealogy Page 1 No. 1 on this chart is the same as no. 1 on chart no. 1 Chart no. 1 8 Joseph Bentley Abshier b. 25 Jan 1891 cont. 2 p. m. 24 Dec 1911 4 Ernie Clifton Abshier Sr p. b. 31 Aug 1914 d. 17 May 1976 p. p. m. 18 Jun 1942 p. 9 Ethel Euraine Reavis d. Apr 2006 b. 8 Feb 1891 cont. 3 p. p. d. 26 Jun 1975 2 Joseph (Jay) Bentley Abshier II p. b. p. m. p. 10 Charles Cleveland White d. b. 30 Jul 1885 cont. 4 p. p. m. 5 Jan 1922 5 Mary Etta White p. b. d. 30 Nov 1966 p. p. d. p. 11 Ruth Lyon b. 4 Sep 1900 cont. 5 p. d. 28 Dec 1965 1 Claire Elizabeth Abshier p. b. p. m. p. 12 John Henry Music d. b. 1902 cont. 6 p. p. sp. m. 1924 6 Robert Boyd Music p. b. 1927 d. 1986 p. p. m. p. 13 Avis Ruth Cutright d. 1996 b. 26 Sep 1904 cont. 7 p. Oklahoma City, Canadian, Oklahoma, USA p. Palace Valley, West Virginia d. 1 Nov 1975 3 Sherri Renea Music p. Cordell, Oklahoma b. p. d. p. 14 Ira Wilbur Franklin b. 1898 cont. 8 p. m. 3 Jan 1926 7 Annetta Mae Franklin p. Gotebo, Kiowa, Oklahoma, USA b. d. 1972 p. p. d. p. 15 Christine Dunn b. 1905 cont. 9 p. d. 1987 p. Produced by Legacy on 3 Oct 2010 Abshier - Music Genealogy Page 2 No. -
Monasticism in Angevin England
MONASTICISM IN ANGEVIN ENGLAND HELEN STEELE In 1164, King Henry II, now ten years into his the civil courts. Article three stated, “Clerks charged and reign, published the Constitutions of Clarendon. Henry accused of any matter […] shall come into his court to was attempting to clarify the laws of England that had been answer there to whatever it shall seem to the king's court left so uncertain after Stephen’s reign and the civil wars should be answered there […] if the clerk be convicted or that accompanied it1. The Constitutions included clauses confess, the church ought not to protect him further.”4 that made the relationships between laity and clergy the Henry might have expected his Archbishop of remit of King; he banned the church from Canterbury to support him and to sign the Constitutions. excommunicating his vassals without his consent; he Henry had appointed his good friend Thomas Becket to assumed control of the appointment of senior church that post after the latter had served him well as Lord officials and forbade clerics from traveling overseas Chancellor for the early part of his reign. During this without his permission.2 It was the third article that proved period, Becket had shown few signs of zealous allegiance most controversial. Traditionally, those in holy orders had to the Church, but when he was appointed Archbishop, “he been tried in ecclesiastic courts and exempt from civil on a sudden exhibited […] a change in his habit and action, but according to William of Newburgh, clerks manners”. Although all the other -
•Œso Hard Was It to Release Princes Whom Fortuna Had Put In
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Iowa Research Online “So Hard was it to Release Princes whom Fortuna had put in her Chains:”1 Queens and Female Rulers as Hostage- and Captive-Takers and Holders Colleen Slater ostage- and captive-taking2 were fundamental processes in medieval warfare and medieval society in general. Despite this H importance, however, only recently have these practices received significant scholarly attention, and certain aspects of these customs have been overlooked; in particular, the relationship of women to these prac- tices, which has been explored by only one scholar, Yvonne Friedman.3 Friedman’s work on female captives, while illuminating, only focuses on women as passive victims of war; that is, as captives to be taken, sold, or traded. In fact, the idea that women could only be victims of hostage- and captive-taking is almost universally assumed in the scholarship. But some women from the highest echelons of medieval society figure in the story as a good deal more than passive victims. The sources are littered with examples that not only illuminate the importance of women and gender to the customs/practices associated with hostages and captives, but also how women used them to exercise power and independence militarily, politically, and socially. Able to take matters into their own hands, these women played the game of politics, ruled their own or their husbands’ lands, and participated in the active taking and holding of hostages and captives. Examining these women is essential not only for expanding our knowledge of the more general processes of hostage- and captive-taking and holding, but also for understanding how and why women were able (or unable) to navigate them. -
Introduction
NOTES Introduction 1. Eric J. Hobsbawm, Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movement in the 19th and 20th Centuries (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1959). 2. Eric J. Hobsbawm, Bandits, rev. ed. (1961; New York: Pantheon, 1981), p. 23. 3. Ibid., p. 17. 4. Ibid., pp. 22–28. 5. Anton Blok, “The Peasant and the Brigand: Social Banditry Reconsidered,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 1:4 (1972), 494–503. See also Richard W. Slatta, ed., Bandidos: The Varieties of Latin American Banditry (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1987). 6. See the summary by Richard W. Slatta, “Eric J. Hobsbawm’s Social Bandit: A Critique and Revision,” A Contracorriente 1:2 (2004), 22–30. 7. Paul Kooistra, Criminals as Heroes: Structure, Power, and Identity (Bowling Green: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1989), p. 29. 8. See Steven Knight’s Robin Hood: A Complete Study of the English Outlaw (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994); and Robin Hood: A Mythic Biography (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003). 9. Mary Grace Duncan, Romantic Outlaws, Beloved Prisons: the Unconscious Meanings of Crime and Punishment (New York: New York University Press, 1996), p. 61. 10. Charles Mackay, Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds (London, 1841). 11. See, for instance, Kenneth Munden, “A Contribution to the Psychological Understanding of the Cowboy and His Myth,” American Imago Summer (1958), 103–48. 12. William Settle, for instance, makes the argument in the introduction to his Jesse James Was His Name (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1966). 13. Hobsbawm, Bandits, pp. 40–56. 14. Joseph Ritson, ed., Robin Hood: A Collection of all the Ancient Poems, Songs, and Ballads, now Extant Relative to that Celebrated English Outlaw, 2 vols (London: Egerton and Johnson, 1795; rpt. -
Urban Society and Communal Independence in Twelfth-Century Southern Italy
Urban society and communal independence in Twelfth-Century Southern Italy Paul Oldfield Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of PhD. The University of Leeds The School of History September 2006 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. Acknowledgements I would like to express my thanks for the help of so many different people, without which there would simply have been no thesis. The funding of the AHRC (formerly AHRB) and the support of the School of History at the University of Leeds made this research possible in the first place. I am grateful too for the general support, and advice on reading and sources, provided by Dr. A. J. Metcalfe, Dr. P. Skinner, Professor E. Van Houts, and Donald Matthew. Thanks also to Professor J-M. Martin, of the Ecole Francoise de Rome, for his continual eagerness to offer guidance and to discuss the subject. A particularly large thanks to Mr. I. S. Moxon, of the School of History at the University of Leeds, for innumerable afternoons spent pouring over troublesome Latin, for reading drafts, and for just chatting! Last but not least, I am hugely indebted to the support, understanding and endless efforts of my supervisor Professor G. A. Loud. His knowledge and energy for the subject has been infectious, and his generosity in offering me numerous personal translations of key narrative and documentary sources (many of which are used within) allowed this research to take shape and will never be forgotten. -
Bryan Family History
BRIANIANA A BIOGRAPHICAL PEDIGREE BY EDWARD A. BRYAN About the middle of the sixteenth century, Sir Francis Bryan, Knight, rendered his government a rather curious service. In 1548 James Butler, ninth Earl of Ormonde, an Irish noble, whose powerful influence was obnoxious to the government at Dublin, died in London of poison. Thereupon his widow, Joan, daughter and heiress of James Fitz-Gerald, tenth Earl of Desmond, sought to marry her relative, Gerald Fitz-Gerald, heir of the fifteenth Earl of Desmond. To prevent this marriage, which would have united the leading representatives of the two chief Irish noble houses, Sir Francis was induced to prefer a suit to the lady himself. In 1548 he married the widowed countess, was shortly nominated Lord Marshal of Ireland, and arrived in Dublin with his wife in November 1548. This marriage united the scions of two royal houses, the one English, the other, Irish. Sir Francis Bryan was the son of Sir Thomas Bryan and Margaret, daughter of Sir Humphrey Bourchier, and sister of John Bourchier, Lord Berners. Sir Thomas Bryan was Knighted by Henry VII in 1497, was "knight of the body" at the opening of Henry VIII’s reign, and served repeatedly on the commission of the peace of Buckinghamshire, where the family property was settled. Sir Francis’ grandfather, Sir Thomas Bryan, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas from 1471 until his death in 1500, is believed to have been a descendant of Sir Guy de Bryan on Walwyn’s Castle, County Pembroke, and Tor Brian, Devon. Sir Guy was summoned to Parliament in 1350 by Edward III, whereby he was held to have become Lord Bryan. -
Thomas Becket
Thomas Becket “Thomas a Becket” redirects here. For other uses, see Thomas a Becket (disambiguation). Thomas Becket (/ˈbɛkɪt/; also known as Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Thomas of London,[1] and later Thomas à Becket;[note 1] 21 December c. 1118 (or 1120) – 29 December 1170) was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 until his murder in 1170. He is venerated as a saint and martyr by both the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. He engaged in conflict with Henry II of England over the rights and privileges of the Church and was murdered by followers of the king in Canterbury Cathedral. Soon after his death, he was Stained glass window of Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral canonised by Pope Alexander III. small landowner or a petty knight.[1] Matilda was also of 1 Sources Norman ancestry,[2] and her family may have originated near Caen. Gilbert was perhaps related to Theobald of Bec, whose family also was from Thierville. Gilbert be- The main sources for the life of Becket are a number gan his life as a merchant, perhaps as a textile merchant, of biographies that were written by contemporaries. A but by the 1120s he was living in London and was a prop- few of these documents are by unknown writers, al- erty owner, living on the rental income from his prop- though traditional historiography has given them names. erties. He also served as the sheriff of the city at some The known biographers are John of Salisbury, Edward point.[1] They were buried in Old St Paul’s Cathedral. -
Aristocratic Society in Abruzzo, C.950-1140
Aristocratic society in Abruzzo, c.950-1140 Felim McGrath A dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Dublin 2014 Declaration I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the Library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. ____________________________ Felim McGrath iii Summary This thesis is an examination of aristocratic society in the Italian province of Abruzzo from the mid-tenth century to the incorporation of the region into the kingdom of Sicily in 1140. To rectify the historiographical deficit that exists concerning this topic, this thesis analyses the aristocracy of Abruzzo from the tenth to the twelfth centuries. It elucidates the political fragmentation apparent in the region before the Norman invasion, the establishment and administration of the Abruzzese Norman lordships and their network of political connections and the divergent political strategies employed by the local aristocracy in response to the Norman conquest. As the traditional narrative sources for the history of medieval southern Italy provide little information concerning Abruzzo, critical analysis of the idiosyncratic Abruzzese narrative and documentary sources is fundamental to the understanding this subject and this thesis provides a detailed examination of the intent, ideological context and utility of these sources to facilitate this investigation. Chapter 1 of this thesis examines the historical and ideological context of the most important medieval Abruzzese source – the chronicle-cartulary of San Clemente a Casauria.