Practical-Computing

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Practical-Computing An ECC Publication.Volume I Issu A micro solution to a jumbo problem Research Machines review Battleships, racing cars and monster games r - The 200 mph micro Imagine installing a microprocessor on a Formula 1 racing car. This was just one of the varied tasks given to Scicon's Micro Systems team. Speed, suspension movement, g -forces and chassis roll were the parameters that had to be measured. Vibration, interference, weight and temperature were just some of the problems to contend with. Our Micro Systems team took it in their stride and came up with an innovative solution. They are also at home with commercial, industrial, scientific and military applications. For further information about Scicon's capability in micros circle No. 101 on the free reader enquiry service. We can't offer you a drive around Brands Hatch but we can offer you fast, effective solutions to your special microcomputer requirements. Or if you like the sound of working for a team involved with advanced technology telephone or write to - John Howes, 01-580 5599. Scicon Micro Systems, Scicon Consultancy International Limited, Sanderson House, 49-57 Berners Street, London W1P 4AQ. SCAsil0 Circle No. 101 SYSTEMS Practic,a1Admm""ff-ms"-Contents Compptmg MICRO SOLVES JUMBO Managing Editor PROBLEM Dennis Jarrett How a micro is running an airline reservations system for a travel agent handling package Cornputabits Editor tours. Nick Hampshire Page: 18 Production Editor Harold Mayes IR r,SF AR CH MACHINES REVIEW We test the Research Machines 380Z micro, a Advertisement Manager system which is said to be ideal for use in Erica Gibson educational environments. Page: 27 Advertisement Representative Tom Moloney CHOOSING YOUR FIRb Subscription Manager COMPUTr Annabel Hunt The plain man's guide to buying a computer and how to get started, whether you want a kit or a Publisher complete system.Plus our Buyers'Guide, Wim Hoeksma listing prices, equipment and applications in an Company Secretary easy -to -read chart. Carole Fancourt Page: 38 Managing Director WIN £3,000 WORTFrihr Richard Hease CO! TPUTER Editorial, Advertising and A special competition for Christmas with £3,000 subscriptions: 01-278 9517. worth of computers which must be won. We are offering a Digital LSI-11, a Research Machines Practical Computing is published 380Z and a Nascom 1. by ECC as a subsidiary of Page: 59 WHICH COMPUTER? Ltd at its registered office, 2 Duncan GAM "1, GAMES, GAMES Terrace, London, NI, and printed Play Battleships, Racing Cars or Monster by Bournehall Press Ltd, games. We detail Basic program listings showing Welwyn Garden City. Distributed how to get the games running. by Moore Harness Ltd, 31 Corsica Page: 44 Street, London, N5. © Practical Computing 1978 ISSN 0141-5433. ITT INTERVIEW We interview ITT, a multi -national company Subscription rates: Single entering the home computing market. The com- copy: 50p. Subscriptions: U.K., £6 pany says it starts manufacturing the Apple II per annum (including postage); in the U.K. from January and is looking for overseas, £12 (including airmail dealers. Page: 34 postage). Every effort has been made to AND MU Cii MORE ensure accuracy of articles and Computabits, page 63;Software, page 36; program listing. Practical Teach -yourself -programming with Illustrating Computing cannot, however, Basic, page 51; Feedback, page 15; Letters, accept any responsibility page 17; Printout, page 21; Education, page 30; whatsoever for any errors. Sumlock Bondain shop, page 33; Glossary, page 74. PRACTICAL COMPUTING December 1978 3 ATE Eli! 31:11111:1111Pi5 Come and see for yourself at the EVILSKIP hi Stockists of the largest range of micro computers in the U.K. Take the opportunity to experiment with and get to know any of the vast range of micro computers always in stock at The Byte Shop. Whether you want a micro computer for your home, your business, for industry, for education - or if you'd just like to find out which model you get on with best - you'll find a visit to The Byte Shop a new and invaluable experience. Call in at The Byte Shop any time from Monday to Saturday. It's right by Gants Hill tube station. The Byte Shop 426/428 Cranbrook Rd., Gants Hill, Ilford, Essex. Telex 897311 Telephone 01-554 2177 Circle No. 102 PRACTICAL COMPUTINGDecember 1978 Our Feedback columns offer readers the opportunity of bringing their computing experience and problems to the attention of others, as well as to seek our advice or to make suggestions, which we are always happy to receive. Make sure you use Feedback - it is your chance to keep in touch. Required reading import licence. Is it really cheaper to buyvarious machines on the market in this AS AN absolute novice, I would like to ask from U.K. importers, or to do the jobrespect and users' experience with them. advice. The first thing I need to discover is yourself? If you have any advice to offer I would exactly what all the terms you use mean. I I wonder if you could find out thebe grateful. In particular, if you know of am sure your glossary will help but I details of the import regulations, and print any company which has some link with a would prefer not to have the informationa statement letting us know the position. Icompany in Spain, I would be most inter- spread over a period of months. Can youfor one, would be very grateful. ested. suggest some publication(s) which would L. M. Newell Peter Shafe explain what you are writing about? University of Essex Alicante Is there also some way of obtaining Colchester Spain information about the 'best' set-up for a Obviously a good idea; we shall look The Pet has a good reputation for particular requirement-I suppose this into it. reliability.Mostmicrocomputersare will come with knowledge-but where do fairly modular indesign, which means I start? I want a computer mainly for mySynopsis that replacement by post is feasible, so own personal use,for the playing ofmAv I say welcome to a very informative maintainability probably will not be too games-yes, an expensive toy-and themagazine for computer 'freaks'? Perhapsmuch of a problem if you stay with the 'umpiring' of more complicated multi - in the next issue, or otherwise, could you famous -name makes. Would any manu- player games. I would also like to use itplease inform me how to put together afacturers care to comment? for small business purposes. Could I use it small processing system? I should like, if also to store an index of 600-700 books possible, to construct my own rather thanWar -gaming and authors? lay out what seems to me an extremelyI WORK in electronics and my hobby is Your review of the Pet made it appear high price for a manufactured Americanwar -gaming. A recentarticle(July/ attractive butI don't know as yet to system. August) in Strategy and Tactics, War - what many of the specifications refer and I What we buffs need is a schematic dia- games and the (micro) computer, made have nothing with which to compare. gram of the basic unit to which we couldme eager to try something similar. I need Ian Waugh add, as finances permit. Failing this, a to know what systems are available, and Wardley good British kit, if there is one on the mar- the prices, as well as which ones can be ket, as described by the technical director used/programmed to play war games. Ourfavourites amongintroductory of Bywood Electronics. I would like also to find out how to pro- books are: An Introduction to Personal and But who are Bywood Electronics?gram for war -gaming and contact anyone BusinessComputing, by Rodney ZaksWhere do they operate? Is the systemwho has already done something of this (Sybex); Your Home Computer, by James worth buying? Can a compatible system kind. White (Dynex); Computers and Common-be made from a kit? Who supplies both R. Meattie sense, by Roger Hunt and John Shelley calculatorandmicroprocessorchips? MESF/EEC, RAF, (Prentice Hall Inc.). How about keyboards? Will the com- Bury St Edmunds, The first two are American but arepleted unit interface with a video input on Suffolk available widely in specialist bookshops.a UHF TV? Willitinterface with a Any offers? The third is British. portable cassette tape recorder? What There is no easy way for us to tell you about power supplies? Which system? exactly what you need. We like Pet, to be I could go on but let us have your views I WAS delighted to read your Feedback sure, but it is by no means the only good, and ideas on the above, by letter or bycolumn in Practical Computing as itis cheappersonalcomputer.The Tandyreply in the magazine. In the meantimeexactly whatI,and no doubt, many TRS-80 reviewedinNovemberisan may I wish you every success with yourothers in my situation are seeking. obvious alternative, and it costs less. publication and may your circulation ever I wish to build my own micro system to Understanding Basic will give you a increase. understand the various aspects of how good introduction to the subject. J. C. Ayresthey work, their limitations and the like. Lowestoft Having built a simple system, I would like How to buy Suffolk to be able to expand it as my understand- THE LETTER by John Miller -Kirkpatrick in You have just writtena synopsis ofing and experience allows, to finish with a Practical Computing in October raised what we plan to cover in the forthcoming useful system which could be used as a some interesting points concerning theissues. We will deal with the issues youdevelopment tool for smaller dedicated finances of U.K.
Recommended publications
  • Corso Di Chemiometria
    Laurea Magistrale in Scienze Chimiche (LM-54) Anno Accademico 2020-2021 Corso di Chemiometria 4 crediti di lezione frontale (32 ore) 2 crediti di esercitazioni numeriche in aula (30 ore) Prof. Ilario Losito e-mail: [email protected] Sito Internet: http://puccini.chimica.uniba.it/~losito/indexChemiometria.htm A general definition for Chemometrics International Chemometrics Society (ICS) has given the following definition for Chemometrics: A chemical discipline that uses mathematical and statistical methods to: 1) design/select optimal procedures and experiments 2) provide maximum chemical information by analyzing data 3) give a graphical representation of this information This is the definition of Chemometrics given in the IUPAC Gold Book: The birth of Chemometrics was promoted by Svante Wold, from Umea University in Sweden and Bruce Kowalski, from University of Washington in Seattle, USA. In June 1974 they sent a letter to the Analytical Chemistry journal, proposing to call Chemometrics a scientific sector including all mathematic techniques aimed at elaborating and modelling ensembles of chemical data. They were also the founders of the International Chemometrics Society, sending a letter to all potentially interested colleagues and inviting them to participate to a newsletter. The letter sent by Wold and Kowalski ……………….. In December 1983 Prof. Forina from University of Genova became the President of the International Chemometrics Society: Prof. Forina was a pioneer in the field of Chemometrics and the author of computer programs for some of the earliest applications reported. PARVUS was the first computer module for Chemometrics application (pattern recognition) developed by Forina, recognized as a milestone in the history of this discipline: Trends in analytical chemistry vol 3, n.2, 1984 At the start of his work on Chemometrics Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Comunità Per Le Libere Attività Culturali Associazione Di Associazioni Senza Scopo Di Lucro – C
    Comunità per le Libere Attività Culturali Associazione di Associazioni Senza Scopo di Lucro – C. F. 92000330289 Segreteria Generale, Laboratorio Culturale, Biblioteca e Centro Documentazione Via Alvise Cornaro 1 B, 35128 Padova – Tel. +393288151502 www.clacpd.org Spett.le Settore Patrimonio e Partecipazioni del Comune di Padova Ufficio Postale Padova Centro Casella Postale Aperta 35122 Padova e, p. c., Settore Edilizia Pubblica ed Impianti Sportivi del Comune di Padova c. a. Arch. Domenico Lo Bosco p. c., Assessore alla Cultura e Musei, Edilizia M onumentale e Turismo del Comune di Padova dott. Andrea Colasio p. c., Assessore all’Ambiente, Verde, Parchi e Agricoltura del Comune di Padova dott.ssa Chiara Gallani p. c., Assessore al Patrimonio, Edilizia Comunale, Valorizzazione della Cinta Muraria e del Parco delle Mura del Comune di Padova dott. Andrea Micalizzi p. c., Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti Paesaggio per l’area metropolitana di Venezia e le province di Βelluno, Padova e Treviso c. a. Arch. Andrea Alberti Via Aquileia, 7 35139 Padova p. c., Comitato Mura di Padova Via Raggio di Sole, 2 35138 Padova p. c., Associazioni Consociate alla CLAC Via Alvise Cornaro, 1 B 35128 Padova p. c., Avvocato Carlotta Traballi Riviera Tiso da Camposampiero, 29 35122 Padova RACCOMANDATA A. R. Padova, 9 maggio 2018 Oggetto: Vs. Richiesta di sgombero del materiale presso l’ex Macello di Via Cornaro del 07/05/2018 Pagina 1 di 3 Con grande rammarico constatiamo con quale intempestività ci raggiunge la Vs. in oggetto proprio nel momento in cui, da alcune settimane a questa parte, siamo tornati a discutere e fare nuove proposte sia con gli Assessori che con gli Uffici del Comune, tra cui il Vostro, proprio sulla destinazione dell’intera area in oggetto.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Connections for Gifted Children and Youth
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 209 889 EC 140 606 AUTHOP Namzaro, Jean N.,Ed. TITLE Computer Connections for Gifted Childrcz and Youth. INSTITUTION ERIC Clearinghouse on Handicapped and Gifted Children, Reston, Va. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. of Education (ED), Washington, D.C. PE?011** NO ISBN-0-96586-119-6 PUB DATE 81 GPANT 400-76-0119 NOT! 97p. AVAILABLE FROMERIC Clearinghouse or. Handicapped and Gifted Children, The Council for Exceptional Children, 1920 Association Dr., Reston, VA 22091 ($1.CC). EDPS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Computer Assisted Instruction; *Computers; Elementary Secondary Education; *Gifted; *Microcomputers; Program Descriptions; Programing; *Tal ent ABSIPACT Written by computer specialists, teachers, parents, amid students, the 23 articles emphasize the role computers play in the development of thinking, problem solving, and creativity in gifted and talented students. Articles have the following titles and authors: "Computers and Computer Cultures" (S. Papert) ; "Classroom Computers-- Beyond the 3 R's" (F. Bell): "Reflections of a Computer Language Nut" (S. Bloch) ;"It Started with Gamps" (C. Karnes) ;"Two Programs from a Young Eighth Grader"(S. Bahcall, H. Nelson) : "Teaching Parents About Using Microcomputers"(T. Dwyer, M. Critchfield) ;"Children and Home ComputersSome Observations on the First Generation" (B. Banet) :"An Apple a Day Keeps a Kid Cccupied" (P. Buszta) ;"Microcomputers for Gifted Microtots"(A. Coorly) ;"Kids and ComputersThe Future Is Today" (S. Larsen) ;"Micros 'GOTO' School" (D. Piele) ;"The Hampton City Schools Computer Program" (N. Harkavv) ;"The Paducah Tilghman High School for Gifted StuderJ.s" (S. Davis, P. Frothingham): "Computers... pre All Dinosaurs read?" (D. Glover) ;"The Talcott Mountain Science Center" (D.Barstow) : "Computerorics--A Course in Computer Literacy" (P.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on the Use of Computers in 1986
    Report on the use of computers in 1986 Autor(en): Frandsen, Aksel G. Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: IABSE surveys = Revue AIPC = IVBH Berichte Band (Jahr): 11 (1987) Heft S-37: Report on the use of computers in 1986 PDF erstellt am: 10.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-50712 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch IABSE PERIODICA 2/1987 IABSE SURVEYS S-37/87 17 Report on the Use of Computers in 1986 Rapport sur l'utilisation des ordinateurs en 1986 Bericht über Verwendung des Computers im Jahre 1986 prepared by Working Commission VI of IABSE «Informatics in Structural Engineering» coordinated by Aksel G.
    [Show full text]
  • Storia Del Computer Dalla Sua Nascita Ai Giorni Nostri
    Storia del Computer dalla sua nascita ai giorni nostri Il padre dell’informatica è Alan Turing è un matematico considerato l’inventore dell’informatica tanto che il maggior riconoscimento in ambito informatico porta proprio il suo nome. Non esiste il premio Nobel per l’informatica ma esiste il premio Turing di uguale prestigio. Nel film the imitation games (giochi di imitazione) il titolo è ispirato al contributo che Turing ha dato nell’ambito dell’intelligenza artificiale. L’intelligenza artificiale nasce quasi in contemporanea all’informatica tedesca e Turing se ne occupò in prima persona: sosteneva che una macchina era intelligente se era in grado di agire come una persona quindi di imitare il comportamento di una persona e da qui il nome di imitation games. Nella storia del film viene però prevalentemente fatto vedere il ruolo che Turing ha avuto durante la seconda guerra mondiale visto che viene assoldato dai servizi segreti inglesi per decifrare i messaggi che i tedeschi si scambiavano e lui costruì una macchina, cioè la prima versione del computer, che decriptò i messaggi in codice. Il suo contributo diventa così fondamentale nella conclusione della guerra a favore degli inglesi. Ci collochiamo così nella prima metà degli anni ’40 ma bisogna aspettare il decennio successivo per avere una vera e propria industrializzazione dei computer ovviamente in misura molto minore rispetto ai giorni d’oggi. I computer degli anni ’50 erano dei macchinari enormi che occupavano intere stanze ed erano molto più difficili da utilizzare rispetto a quelli di oggi: c’era la figura del tecnico che era l’unico che sapeva mettere mano a questi computer.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogo Degli Accessori Elettrici Ed Elettronici (Come Le Piste Per Le Macchinine)
    Museo del Calcolatore “Laura Tellini” La storia dell’Informatica a contatto con la nostra vita Istituto Tecnico Economico e Professionale Statale “Paolo Dagomari” Via di Reggiana, 86 – Prato Tel. 0574-639705 [email protected] http://museo.dagomari.prato.it https://www.facebook.com/groups/museo.dagomari/ Il Museo del Calcolatore, premessa Il “Museo del Calcolatore” del Dagomari è dedicato alla prof.ssa La passione per i vecchi calcolatori nacque, quasi per gioco, nel 1996; all'epoca, nella scuola in cui insegno Informatica dal 1987, Laura Tellini, insegnante di questa scuola, che ci ha lasciato prema- cercavamo insieme ad una quinta classe un argomento che potesse turamente: il suo ultimo pensiero «…il museo non ho dubbi che abbinare tecnologia, storia e scienze matematiche, da sviluppare verrà perfetto», sia di stimolo per migliorarci continuamente nella per l'esame di stato. nostra missione. La scelta ricadde sulla realizzazione di un sito web che ricor- dasse gli avvenimenti più importanti della storia del calcolo: chia- mammo il lavoro "Museo virtuale del computer". Fu appassionante per me e per gli studenti percorrere a ritroso la storia dell'umanità, Con il patrocinio di: alla ricerca dei pionieri che con le loro intuizioni avevano contribuito allo sviluppo dei calcolatori come li intendiamo oggi. Successivamente, appassionatomi all'argomento, ho iniziato, Si ringraziano, per il loro prezioso contributo all’allestimento del Museo: Asia Martini, Yuri Bonari, un po' alla volta, ad incrementare il materiale virtualmente esposto; Lorenzo Stolfi, Pierluigi Galgani, Terzo Nicolai, Lorenzo Galloni, Giovanni Fiesoli, Mauro Gasparini, ma mancava sempre qualcosa di tangibile, da poter mostrare o Stefano Landi, Luigi Ricci, Paolo Artini, Liana Parrini, Rolando Aliani, Cristian Martini, Daniele Giovannini, Riccardo Aliani, Maurizio Santini, Roberto Sardi, Andrea Mazzoni, Paolo Russo, Antonella Solano, addirittura far usare alle giovani generazioni.
    [Show full text]
  • Storia Del Computer Con Microprocessore (Fonte Wikipedia)
    Storia del computer con microprocessore (fonte wikipedia) Il primo computer a microprocessore: il Micral N (1973) Nel 1973, l'istituto francese INRA realizzò il primo microcomputer commer- ciale a fare uso del microprocessore (Intel 8080). L'istituto, che non aveva fondi per un calcolatore di grandi dimensioni, realizzò questo computer ad opera dei ricercatori Gernelle, Lacombe, Benchetrit e Beckmann. Computer fatti in casa: i microcomputer (1975) Contemporaneamente, il fascino del "fai da te" dell'elettronica venne contagiato dalla febbre dei computer: il numero ormai storico di Popular Electronics del gennaio 1975 mostrava in copertina una scatola celeste con sopra interruttori e led e il nome in basso a sinistra: Altair 8800. Il kit, del costo di 495 dollari, poteva essere ordinato presso la MITS di Albuquerque, ed era basato sul processore Intel 8080. L'8080 aveva tutta l'unità centrale di elaborazione (Central Processing Unit, CPU) in un solo chip, ed era dunque il primo microcomputer a prezzi accessibili alle fasce popolari, nonché il primo che avesse avuto un successo commerciale di massa. Tuttavia, Altair era concepito come un minicomputer: ne aveva l'aspetto, usava le stesse periferiche e soprattutto ne aveva l'architettura aperta. La nascita di Microsoft ed Apple (1975-1976) Nella primavera del 1975, due giovani delle parti di Boston crearono il Basic di Altair. Uno di loro, Paul Allen, faceva il programmatore, mentre un suo compagno delle superiori, Bill Gates, era uno studente ad Harvard. Terminato il prodotto, Allen lasciò il lavoro, e insieme con Gates fondò una piccola società, la Microsoft, per commercializzare il Basic.
    [Show full text]
  • Vývoj Počítačov III.A
    editor – Otto Bisák Vývoj počítačov III.a Vývoj počítačov na konci 60. a začiatkom 70. rokov sa uberal k používaniu integrovaných obvodov. Bola to spočiatku kombinácia tranzistorov a integrovaných obvodov na stavbu počítačov a stolových kalkulačiek. Integrovaný obvod je elektronická súčiastka, ktorá v sebe zlučuje určité množstvo elektronických obvodových prvkov akými sú: tranzistory, diódy, odpory a kondenzátory, neoddeliteľne spojených na povrchu alebo vo vnútri určitého spojitého telesa ( obvykle kremíkovej polovodičovej doštičky, nazývanej čip alebo wafer), aby sa dosiahlo zložitejšej ucelenej funkcie. Integrovaný obvod IO sa uplatnil vo väčšine dnešných elektronických zariadeniach ako sú: televízny prijímač, rádio, mobilné telefóny, diaľkové ovládače, kalkulačky, v autách, lietadlách a ďalších výrobkoch okolo nás. Z technologického hľadiska priniesol IO miniaturizáciu elektronických zariadení, ktorá umožnila zvýšenie výkonu, lebo na rovnakom priestore bolo možné umiestniť viacej súčiastok, zníženie elektrickej spotreby, zvýšenie spoľahlivosti vytváraním určitých celkov bez zbytočného prepojovania pomocou vodivých káblikov. Z pohľadu hromadnej výroby je IO ekonomicky výhodné vyrábať. Korene IO siahajú až do roku 1949, kedy nemecký inžinier Werner Jacobi z firmy Siemens AG zaregistroval patent na polovodičový zosilňovač, vytvorený piatimi tranzistormi a s troma stupňami zosilnenia na spoločnej základni. Ako typické priemyselné využitie patentu uviedol miniatúrne slúchadlá pre osoby s postihnutým sluchom, ale neexistujú ďalšie záznamy o skutočnom komerčnom využití jeho vynálezu. Na obrázku je prvý výrobok s IO pre sluchovo postihnutých vyrobený v roku 1949. Druhým vedcom, ktorý podal patent na IO bol Geoffrey Dummer, vedec pracujúci pre anglické Ministerstvo obrany, ktorý svoje myšlienky publikoval na elektrotechnickom sympóziu v v roku 1952 a v roku 1956 sa pokúsil skonštruovať IO, ale neúspešne. Za skutočného vynálezcu IO sa považujú dvaja ľudia: Jack Kilby a Robert Noyce.
    [Show full text]