Draft Report
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IPSWICH BASIN WATER MANAGEMENT ACT PLANNING GRANT FY17 DRAFT REPORT 20173509.001A JUNE 19, 2017 This project has been financed partially with State Capital Funds from the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (the Department) under a Sustainable Water Management Initiative Grant. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Department, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. TOWN OF DANVERS TOWN OF MIDDLETON TOWN OF HAMILTON LYNNFIELD CENTER WATER DISTRICT TOWN OF TOPSFIELD TOWN OF WENHAM WMA Grant Ipswich Basin Report © 2017 Kleinfelder THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK WMA Grant Ipswich Basin Report © 2017 Kleinfelder A Report Prepared for: The Town of Danvers, MA In partnership with: Town of Middleton, MA Town of Hamilton, MA Lynnfield Center Water District Town of Topsfield, MA Town of Wenham, MA IPSWICH BASIN WATER MANAGEMENT ACT PLANNING GRANT FY17 DRAFT REPORT Prepared by: Kirsten N. Ryan, P.G.(NH) Project Manager; Principal Hydrogeologist Reviewed by: Elizabeth C. Frederick Principal Planner KLEINFELDER 215 First Street, Suite 320 Cambridge, MA 02142 Phone: 617.497.7800 Fax: 617.498.4630 June 19, 2017 20173509.001A WMA Grant Ipswich Basin Report Page i of v DRAFT June 19, 2017 © 2017 Kleinfelder ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS to be added WMA Grant Ipswich Basin Report Page ii of v DRAFT June 19, 2017 © 2017 Kleinfelder TABLE OF CONTENTS ____________________________________________________________________________ Section Page 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................. 1 1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Introduction and Project Purpose ...................................................................... 5 1.2 Ipswich Basin .................................................................................................. 6 1.2.1 Topography, Hydrology and Wetlands ............................................................................. 6 1.2.2 Climate and Precipitation............................................................................................... 10 1.2.3 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................... 11 1.2.4 History and Land Use .................................................................................................... 12 1.2.5 Population 13 1.2.6 Streamflow Depletion .................................................................................................... 15 1.3 Water Management Act ................................................................................. 18 1.3.1 History 18 1.3.2 New Water Management Act Requirements ................................................................... 19 1.4 Water management act and Water Suppliers in the Ipswich Basin ................... 25 2 WATER RESOURCES AND WATER USE DATA ..................................................... 28 2.1 Recent Water UseData 2009 - 2015 ............................................................... 28 2.1.1 Summary of Data Gaps ................................................................................................. 29 2.1.2 Supplier – Reported Data .............................................................................................. 29 2.1.3 Data Trends – Seasonal Water Use ............................................................................... 33 2.1.4 Drought of 2016 and Summer Usage Trends ................................................................. 37 2.1.5 Water Use Efficiency ..................................................................................................... 40 2.2 Population Projections and Water Need Forecasts .......................................... 44 2.2.1 Population Data and Growth .......................................................................................... 44 2.2.2 Water Needs Forecasts ................................................................................................. 46 2.3 Water use Trends Over Time ......................................................................... 47 3 WATER USE OPTIMIZATION AND ALTERNATIVE SOURCES ................................ 50 3.1 Water Conservation and Demand Management Best Practices ....................... 50 3.2 Alternative Water Management Practices ....................................................... 52 3.3 Alternative Water Sources .............................................................................. 54 3.3.1 New Local Groundwater Sources................................................................................... 54 3.3.2 Elevate Existing Reservoir ............................................................................................. 55 3.3.3 Construct New Reservoir............................................................................................... 56 3.3.4 Municipal Interconnections ............................................................................................ 57 3.3.5 Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA) ...................................................... 59 3.3.6 Other Out of Basin Supply ............................................................................................. 60 3.3.7 Reclaimed Water .......................................................................................................... 60 3.4 Summary of Feasible Options and Considerations for Implementation ............. 61 4 WASTEWATER AND STORMWATER MANAGEMENT ............................................ 63 4.1 Wastewater Management .............................................................................. 63 4.1.1 Existing Practices and Wastewater Export ..................................................................... 63 4.1.2 Potential Growth Plans .................................................................................................. 66 WMA Grant Ipswich Basin Report Page iii of v DRAFT June 19, 2017 © 2017 Kleinfelder 4.1.3 Infiltration/Inflow ............................................................................................................ 67 4.1.4 Potential Mitigation Options for Wastewater Practices .................................................... 70 4.2 Stormwater Management ............................................................................... 72 4.2.1 Impact to Basin ............................................................................................................. 72 4.2.2 Existing Stormwater Management Practices .................................................................. 73 4.2.3 Potential Stormwater Recharge Improvement Practices.................................................. 74 4.3 Other Environmentally Beneficial Projects ....................................................... 79 4.4 Summary of Wastewater and Stormwater Management Options ...................... 80 5 DISCUSSION AND POTENTIAL LONG TERM PLANNING SOLUTIONS .................. 81 5.1 Summary of Key Findings and Water Supply Challenges ................................ 81 5.2 Discussion of Possible Solutions .................................................................... 84 5.2.1 MWRA Purchase – Dedicated Supply ............................................................................ 84 5.2.2 MWRA Individually Wheeled via Interconnection ............................................................ 85 5.2.3 Other Municipal Supply Interconnection Purchase .......................................................... 86 5.2.4 Middleton Pond Reservoir Expansion ............................................................................ 86 5.2.5 Other Regional Solutions – Permit Bank / Credit System ................................................ 86 5.3 Potential Funding Mechanisms ....................................................................... 87 6 JOINT POWERS AGREEMENT................................................................................ 90 6.1 MWRA Purchase – Dedicated Supply............................................................. 91 6.2 MWRA Individually Wheeled via Interconnection ............................................. 91 6.3 Other Municipal Supply Interconnection Purchase........................................... 92 6.4 EXISTING Reservoir Expansion ..................................................................... 92 6.5 Other Regional Solutions – Permit Bank / Credit System ................................ 92 7 RECOMMENDATIONS AND NEXT STEPS .............................................................. 93 8 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 94 TABLES 1-1 Water Management Act Withdrawal Permit Tiers 1-2 Ipswich Basin Water Suppliers/Communities, Basin WMA Volumes and Average use 1-3 Summary of Water System for Ipswich Basin Water Suppliers/Communities 2-1 Number and Source of Water Supply for Ipswich Basin Water Suppliers/Communities 2-2 Municipal Groundwater & Surface Water Withdrawals, Ipswich Basin 2009-2015 2-3 Municipal Groundwater Withdrawals, Ipswich Basin 2009 – 2015 2-4 Municipal ADD (MGD) Summer Period, May 1-Sept 30 2-5 Basin Water Supplier 2016 Drought Survey Responses 2-6 Available Water Needs Forecasts and Percent Change in Demand and Populations 3-1 Water Conservation and Demand Management Practices, Responses to PWS Survey