Components of the Norwegian Cyclone Model: Observations and Theoretical Ideas in Europe Prior to 1920"
Reprint of Hans Volkert, "Components of the Norwegian Cyclone Model: Observations and theoretical ideas in Europe prior to 1920". Components of the Norwegian Cyclone Model: Observations and Theoretical Ideas in Europe Prior to 1920 HANS VOLKERT Institut fUr Physik der Atmosphare, DLR-Oberpfaffenhofen, WeBling, Germany 1. Introduction reproduced here. Thus, we can obtain a quite direct impres sion of the way extratropical cyclones and their components The publication of a scientific article is occasionally used to were viewed in Europe during the four decades around the mark, in retrospect, the beginning of a new era for a scientific turn of the century. discipline. For meteorology, Jacob Bjerknes's article of1919, A very thorough historical investigation of the much "On the structure ofmoving cyclones" (referred to as JB 19 in wider topic, the thermal theory of cyclones, was carried out the following), provides such a landmark, as it first intro by Gisela Kutzbach (1979; K79 in the following). It includes duced the model of the ideal cyclone, which greatly influ 49 historical diagrams, and mentions, in its later chapters, the enced research and practical weather forecasting for many majority of the works quoted here. However, most of the years to come. The achievement made by the Bergen school figures reproduced here were not included. A special feature of meteorology at the end of World War I can, it is thought, of Kutzbach's book is its appendix, which contains short be esteemed especially well if related observations and theo biographies of scientists who had made important contribu retical considerations, published before 1920 are recalled.
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