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Country Studies Through Language: English-Speaking World (Лінгвокраїнозавство Країн Основної Іноземної Мови) Англ

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Country Studies Through Language: English-Speaking World (Лінгвокраїнозавство Країн Основної Іноземної Мови) Англ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ БІОРЕСУРСІВ І ПРИРОДОКОРИСТУВАННЯ УКРАЇНИ Кафедра романо-германських мов і перекладу Country Studies through Language: English-Speaking World (Лінгвокраїнозавство країн основної іноземної мови) англ. для студентів ОС «Бакалавр» галузі знань 03 «Гуманітарні науки» зі спеціальності 035 «Філологія» КИЇВ - 2016 УДК 811.111(075.8) ББК 81.432.1я73 Б12 Рекомендовано до друку вченою радою Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України (протокол № 5 від “23 ”листопада 2016р.) Рецензенти: Амеліна С. М. − доктор педагогічних наук, професор, завідувач кафедри іноземної філології і перекладу Національного університету біоресурсів і природокористування України Юденко О. І. − кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, завідувач кафедри іноземних мов Нацiональної академiї образотворчого мистецтва і архiтектури Галинська О.М. − кандидат філологічних наук, доцент кафедри ділової іноземної мови та міжнародної комунікації Національного університету харчових технологій Бабенко Олена Country Studies through Language: English-Speaking World /Лінгвокраїнозавство країн основної іноземної мови (англ.) Навчальний посібник для студентів ОС «Бакалавр» галузі знань 03 «Гуманітарні науки» зі спеціальності 035 «Філологія» : Вид-но НУБіП України, 2016. –324 с. Навчальний посібник з дисципліни «Лінгвокраїнозавство країн основної іноземної мови» спрямовано на вдосконалення практичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців з іноземної мови (учителів англійської мови, перекладачів-референтів) шляхом розширення їхнього словникового запасу в процесі вивчення країнознавчої тематики та синтезування вмінь у різних видах мовленнєвої діяльності. Навчальний посібник складається з 11 розділів, кожний з яких присвячений окремому аспекту історії та культури Сполученого Королівства Великої Британії та Північної Ірландії. Активізація лінгвокраїнознавчого матеріалу здійснюється за допомогою системи різнорівневих вправ та тестових завдань у кінці кожного розділу шляхом зіставлення й знаходження спільного і відмінного з іншими англомовними країнами.Багатий фактичний матеріал текстів може використовуватися студентами для поглиблення знань, отриманих на лекціях, а також під час самостійного опрацювання тем за навчальною програмою. Навчальний посібник призначено для студентів та викладачів фахових факультетів вищих навчальних заходів України, а також для всіх, хто цікавиться історією та культурою Великої Британії та інших англомовних країн. УДК 811.111(075.8) ББК 81.432.1я73 Б12 © Бабенко О.В., 2016 © Національний університету біоресурсів і природокористування України, 2016 3 CONTENTS Preface ............................................................................................... 4 Introduction ....................................................................................... 5 Chapter 1. General information about the UK .................................... 7 Exercises, tests & creative assignments .......................................... 17 Chapter 2. National symbols ....................................................... 22 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ......................................... 23 Chapter 3. Physical and human geography .................................... 31 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ......................................... 35 Chapter 4. Prehistory and history of the UK ................................. 38 Exercises, tests & creative assignments .......................................... 56 Chapter 5. System of Government ................................................. 62 Exercises, tests & creative assignments .......................................... 76 Chapter 6. System of Education ..................................................... 81 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ......................................... 98 Chapter 7. Traditions, customs and public holidays .................... 101 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ....................................... 109 Chapter 8. Arts and culture .......................................................... 113 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ....................................... 231 Chapter 9. Sport ........................................................................... 269 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ....................................... 271 Chapter 10. Mass media ................................................................. 272 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ....................................... 277 Chapter 11. British accents and dialects ....................................... 278 Exercises, tests & creative assignments ....................................... 286 Recommended references ............................................................. 287 Appendices .................................................................................... 292 Preface Students are more connected to the world than ever before, through social media, online gaming, and popular culture that is more international than ever. Unfortunately, there is a difference between being connected to the world through popular culture and the Internet, and having an actual understanding of the world outside of one’s home country. The purpose of this manual is to help students be competent in a county study of the UK through a language and develop their communicative competence. This study attempts to review the history, geography, arts and culture of the UK in a concise and objective manner. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, called the United Kingdom, GB or UK, is a sovereign state in Northern Europe. It unites England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland as one Kingdom. It is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth, NATO and the G8. It has the sixth largest economy in the world1 The country study of the UK is a fascinating field in its own right, but it also provides a valuable perspective for the contemporary study of the language. The historical account promotes a sense of identity and continuity, and enables us to find coherence in many fluctuations and conflicts of present-day English language use. It is mainly focused on its dominant social, political, economic, and cultural aspects. The manual consists of a preface, introduction, 11 chapters: 1) General information about the UK; 2) National symbols; 3) Physical and human geography; 4) Prehistory and history of the UK; 5) System of government; 6) System of education; 7) Traditions, customs and public holidays; 8) Arts and culture; 9) Sport; 10) Mass media; 11) British accents and dialects. Appendices include a table of historical events, a glossary of geographical names, a concise country study guide. Sources of information include country study books, scholarly journals, foreign and domestic newspapers, official reports of government and international organizations, and numerous periodicals and international affairs. 1 Gross domestic product. Available at : http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GDP.pd 5 Introduction Dear students, this study is aimed to help you broaden your professional outlook as future teachers of English, linguists, interpreters and translators. If you still cannot give a quick answer to the following questions, such as How many times the UK is smaller than the USA? What is highest temperature ever recorded in England? What is England's oldest recorded tourist attraction? How long was French the official language of the UK? What schools are called state schools? What dish is more traditional than fish 'n chips? Do British police carry guns? Where can the world's largest second-hand book market be found? What art collection in the UK is one of the world's most important, rivalling with that of the Louvres Museum and New York Metropolitan Museum? What is the oldest and largest royal residence in the world still in use? The book will be a great resource for you. If you want to be successful in country studies I’d also recommend you some pieces of advice. Hopefully these ideas will help you get motivated to study2. Prepare Your Study Space Find a quiet space where you won't be distracted. This could be a library, a cafe, a room in your house, or anywhere else that is free from excessive noise and interruptions. Avoid places where you're likely to run into your friends. Stock up on study supplies. Make sure you have all the pens, pencils, paper, highlighters, and Post-Its you need. You don't want to interrupt your study time to get more. Keep a small stash of water and snacks by your side. People are more productive when they're hydrated and taking steady sips of water will help stave off thirst. Small snacks like peanuts, granola bars or fruit will help keep you energized. 2 How to get motivated to study. Available at http://www.wikihow.com/Get-Motivated-to-Study Avoid fast food and pastries. This includes pizza, hamburgers, nachos, doughnuts, muffins, cinnamon rolls, and croissants. These foods will give you a short energy rush that quickly turns into sleepiness. Wear comfortable clothing. Little things like having to pull up your trousers can eat away at your concentration. Wear clothes that are familiar, fit loosely, and don't constrict you. If you have long hair, tie it back so that it doesn't fall into your eyes. Put your cellphone on silent. You do not want to be taking calls from friends and family members when you're trying to study. Let them know in advance that you need time to study, if you think they'll be concerned. Better yet, just place it on silent and
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