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Kensal Green Cemetery Conservation Area Appraisal Draft May 2017 Adopted: XXXXXXXXX

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Kensal Green Cemetery Conservation Area Appraisal Draft May 2017 Adopted: XXXXXXXXX Kensal Green Cemetery Conservation Area Appraisal Draft May 2017 Adopted: XXXXXXXXX Note: Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this document but due to the complexity of conservation areas, it would be impossible to include every facet contributing to the area’s special interest. Therefore, the omission of any feature does not necessarily convey a lack of significance. The Council will continue to assess each development proposal on its own merits. As part of this process a more detailed and up to date assessment of a particular site and its context is undertaken. This may reveal additional considerations relating to character or appearance which may be of relevance to a particular case. KENSAL GREEN CEMETERY CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL | 3 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 5 Dissenters’ Chapel 40 Anglican Chapel 42 Summary of Character 6 Location and Setting 7 4. MONUMENTS 45 2. CHARACTER ANALYSIS 8 Mausoleums 45 Canopy Monument 46 Layout 8 Columns, Obelisks, Crosses 46 Main Entrance 9 Ledger 46 Boundaries 10 Pedestal 47 Dissenters’ Chapel Area 14 Sarcophagus 47 Central Avenue 14 Chest-Tomb 47 Anglican Chapel Area 16 Headstone 48 Colonnade Area 17 Family Tomb 48 Topography 17 Railings/Surround/Kerbing 48 Geology 17 Ecology 18 Kensal Green Cemetery Site of 5. NEGATIVE ELEMENTS AND Metropolitan Importance 18 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENHANCEMENT 50 The Grand Union Canal Site of Metropolitan Importance 21 Trees 22 APPENDIX 1 History 54 Materials and Finishes 24 APPENDIX 2 Listed Buildings, Tombs and Cemetery Furniture 26 Pathways/Avenues 29 Monuments 58 Views 31 APPENDIX 3 Further Reading 61 APPENDIX 4 Historic England Guidance 62 3. BUILDINGS 33 APPENDIX 5 Relevant Local Plan Policies 63 Entrance Gateway 35 Lodges 36 Landscaping of Entrance Gateway 37 The Northern Colonnade and Catacomb 38 4 | KENSAL GREEN CEMETERY CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL This page has been intentionally left blank C R S O ANE A T D L F L OA N V R R L E M WS BU E O L E L URR KI E I A G B N G X A KENSAL GREEN CEMETERY CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL | 5 R E S R S H R W G E T R I L L O Y A O S O E H W M R Y A C AD R O O E D H R T E E R T R U E H A T O AM ' AD R O IS N S R D R A E O R IM AN D B R RT D O O A R M B O R A D O E A O D A R D A L 1 Introduction D A D Y N E D R A O D D AZEL ROA O H A AD What does a conservation area D R O A Date of designation/ W R O D O A R O N R T N S O EMA S designation mean? L T AK N W P E A Boundary of R H D T M E A E D OAD O HARROW R B B U E O L A C LER R R RO R A ConservationA Area O INHA D T R M S RO D AD R T H The statutory definition of a conservation O 1.1 P C EM N F BE R A A Y RO AD E A H P B P area is an “area of special architectural or historic Royal Borough of I L D O A O interest, the character or appearance of which it T R Kensington and E D E L R E T I S is desirable to preserve or enhance”. The power F Chelsea boundary R P A O RE O W GENT STR to designate conservation areas is given to EET R councils through the Planning (Listed Buildings D 1984 and Conservations Areas) Act, 1990 (Sections 69 to 78). Once designated, proposals within KKeennssaall GGrreeeenn CCeemmeetteerryy a conservation area become subject to local HA RR conservation policies set out in Chapter 34 of CCoonnsseerrvvaattiioonn AArreeaa OW RO the Council’s Local Plan and national policies AD outlined in part 12 of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF). Our overarching duty which is set out in the Act is to preserve or enhance the historic or architectural character or appearance SE L CLO KEN of the conservation area. CANA SAL ROAD 1.2 A conservation area appraisal aims to Y A W describe the special historic and architectural L A N L A AD © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 COrdnance Survey 100021668C character of an area. A conservation area’s Fig 1.1: Conservation area boundary map ANAL WAY B R AY O character is defined by a combination of CANAL W K E G elements such as architecture, uses, materials R material consideration when assessing planning the special character of their area O V and detailing as well as the relationship applications. • identify the positive features which E between buildings and their settings. Many should be conserved, as well as other elements contribute to character and Purpose of this document negative features which indicate appearance such as the placement of buildings scope for future enhancements within their plots; views and vistas; the 1.4 The aims of this appraisal are to: relationship between the street and the buildings and the presence of trees and green space. • describe the historic and architectural character and appearance of the area which This document has been produced using 1.3 will assist applicants in making successful the guidance set out by Historic England in their planning applications and decision makers document, Conservation Area Designation, in assessing planning applications Appraisal and Management: Historic England • raise public interest and awareness of Advice Note 1 (2016). This appraisal will be a 6 | KENSAL GREEN CEMETERY CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL Summary of Character Monuments and trees close to Junction Avenue Gravestones within the Dissenters are looking towards the gas holders site 1.5 Kensal Green (All Souls) Cemetery 1.6 The cemetery is of special historic interest Northern Colonnade/Catacomb (grade II) and is a tranquil green open space located at being an early and influential example of a perimeter walls, gateway and railings (grade II). the northern end of the Royal Borough of cemetery laid out in the garden or pleasure Kensington and Chelsea adjacent to the Harrow ground style (1833) and is a Registered Historic 1.8 Between the paths that traverse the area Road. The cemetery not only has a practical Park and Garden (grade I). The cemetery was are a collection of 152 outstanding listed tombs, purpose for the burial and remembrance of the London’s first commercial garden cemetery, memorials and mausoleums, ten of which are dead but also acts as an amenity space for local established by Act of Parliament in July 1832 grade II*. residents and visitors. It is roughly rectangular and has an extensive and complex layout that 1.9 The cemetery is a Site of Metropolitan in shape but it gradually narrows towards its survives largely intact. Importance for Nature Conservation and has eastern end with the boundary clearly defined 1.7 The cemetery contains a significant group a unique character and atmosphere with by high brick walls and railings. The low-lying scrub and wooded areas, meadows, untended site slopes gently from the north-west to south- of associated structures in the Greek Revival Style that include the Anglican Chapel, (grade overgrown areas and lawns that create an east and is traversed by tarmac, gravel and important wildlife habitat for invertebrates, wild grass paths lined with mature trees many of I), Dissenters’ Chapel (grade II*), Entrance Gateway on Harrow Road (grade II*), The flower, birds and a notable diversity of butterflies. which have survived from the cemetery’s original Within this landscape sit many monuments and layout. KENSAL GREEN CEMETERY CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL | 7 buildings that are slowly decaying. Although this romantic decay adds to the character of the area London many of the monuments and buildings are now Borough of at serious risk of being damaged or becoming Brent lost to future generations. As a consequence, a City of large number of listed buildings, monuments and Westminster Kensal Green Cemetery itself are now included on Historic England’s Heritage at Risk Register. KKeennssaall GGrreeeenn CCeemmeetteerryy Location and Setting CCoonnsseerrvvaattiioonn AArreeaa 1.10 The Kensal Green Cemetery Conservation Area covers a total of 52.4 acres London and is situated in the west London suburb of Borough of Kensal Green at the northern edge of the Royal Hammersmith Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. The and Fulham boundaries of the Kensal Green Cemetery are in the most part clearly defined with boundary walls to the north and east sides along the Harrow Road and Ladbroke Grove respectively. The southern boundary is also clearly defined with original boundary walls/railings, modern Fig 1.3: Conservation area context map © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 Ordnance Survey 100021668 steel palisade fencing and the embankment of the Grand Union Canal. The western most the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea 1.11 Beyond the boundaries of the boundary is less clearly defined but follows the and London Borough of Hammersmith and conservation area to the north along Harrow original cemetery boundary when it opened OOxxffoorrdd GGaarrddeennss Fulham. The conservation area extends slightlyConse rvaRoadtion areAre somea late Georgian buildings with in 1833. Additional land was purchased in the Conservation Area further out than the boundaries of the cemetery modest Victorian residential developmentOOxxffoorrdd GGaa rrddeennss 1850s and was used as an extension to the itself at its north, east and southern boundaries beyond and out towards the east.CCoonnss Toeerr vthevaatt isouthioonn AA rreeaa cemetery and a crematorium and associated © Crown copyright and database rights 2017 OS 100021668 to encompass the centre of the Harrow Road, of the cemetery is the Grand Union Canal, the facilities were erected on this land in the late Ladbroke Grove and the Grand Union Canal.
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