Maktkamp Og Myter I Montenegro
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Montenegro Investment Climate Statement
MONTENEGRO INVESTMENT CLIMATE STATEMENT 2015 U.S. Department of State 2015 Investment Climate Statement | June 2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1. Openness To, and Restrictions Upon, Foreign Investment 1.1. Attitude Toward FDI 1.2. Other Investment Policy Reviews 1.3. Laws/Regulations of FDI 1.4. Industrial Strategy 1.5. Limits on Foreign Control 1.6. Privatization Program 1.7. Screening of FDI 1.8. Competition Law 1.9. Investment Trends 1.9.1. Tables 1 and if applicable, Table 1B 2. Conversion and Transfer Policies 2.1. Foreign Exchange 2.1.1. Remittance Policies 3. Expropriation and Compensation 4. Dispute Settlement 4.1. Legal System, Specialized Courts, Judicial Independence, Judgments of Foreign Courts 4.2. Bankruptcy 4.3. Investment Disputes 4.4. International Arbitration 4.4.1. ICSID Convention and New York Convention 4.5. Duration of Dispute Resolution 5. Performance Requirements and Investment Incentives 5.1. WTO/TRIMS 5.2. Investment Incentives 5.2.1. Research and Development 5.3. Performance Requirements 5.4. Data Storage 6. Right to Private Ownership and Establishment 1 U.S. Department of State 2015 Investment Climate Statement | June 2015 7. Protection of Property Rights 7.1. Real Property 7.2. Intellectual Property Rights 8. Transparency of the Regulatory System 9. Efficient Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment 9.1. Money and Banking System, Hostile Takeovers 10. Competition from State-Owned Enterprises 10.1. OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of SOEs 10.2. Sovereign Wealth Funds 11. Corporate Social Responsibility 11.1. OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises 12. Political Violence 13. Corruption 13.1. -
Assessment of the National Integrity System of Montenegro
ASSESSMENT OF THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY SYSTEM OF MONTENEGRO This project is supported by the European Union. The content of this does not reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Responsibility for the information and views expressed in the report lies entirely with the author ASSESSMENT OF THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY SYSTEM OF MONTENEGRO Title: ASSESSMENT OF THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY SYSTEM OF MONTENEGRO Publisher: Network for affirmation of NGO sector - MANS Monitoring and Analytic Programme Authors: Vanja Ćalović, Executive Director Vuk Maraš, Monitoring and Analytic Programme Director Aleksandar Maškovic, Analytic Programme Coordinator Veselin Radulovic, MANS’ Legal Advisor Print: 3M - Makarije Edition: 30 copies Contact: Dalmatinska 188, Podgorica, Montenegro Phone: +382 20 266 326 Fax: +382 20 266 328 E-mail: [email protected] www.mans.co.me CONTENTS I INTRODUCTORY NOTE ........................................................................................................................... 7 II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 11 III ABOUT THE NATIONAL INTEGRITY SYSTEM ASSESMENT .............................................. 21 IV COUNTRY PROFILE OF MONTENEGRO ..................................................................................... 27 V CORRUPTION PROFILE ......................................................................................................................... 31 VI ANTI-CORRUPTION ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................................... -
Human Rights in Montenegro
MONTENEGRO Program: Monitoring of Human Rights in Montenegro Human Rights in Montenegro - 2010 Podgorica, February 2011 Monitoring programme and human rights protection programme implemented by YIHR MNE with the assistance and cooperation of Civil rights defenders Youth Initiative for Human Rights, Montenegro February 2011 Publisher Boris Raonić Authors Boris Raonić Milan Radović Edina Hasanaga Čobaj Marija Vujović Dejan Minić Denis Zvrko Proofreading Jelena Vukoslavović Ristović Translation Jelena Vukoslavović Ristović Design Nikola Milenković Print AP print, Podgorica 400 copies CONTENT I Previous information ...........................................................................................5 II Legislation and institutional framework of protection in human rights area .......7 III Facing past ......................................................................................................15 IV Torture ............................................................................................................21 V Politically motivated violence ............................................................................41 VI Free legal aid ...................................................................................................49 VII Freedom of expression ....................................................................................55 VIII Religious freedom .........................................................................................65 IX Discrimination ................................................................................................69 -
Vulnerabilities to Russian Influence in Montenegro
KREMLIN WATCH REPORT VULNERABILITIES TO RUSSIAN INFLUENCE IN MONTENEGRO Kremlin Watch Program 2019 EUROPEAN VALUES CENTER FOR SECURITY POLICY European Values Center for Security Policy is a non-governmental, non-partisan institute defending freedom and sovereignty. We protect liberal democracy, the rule of law, and the transatlantic alliance of the Czech Republic. We help defend Europe especially from the malign influences of Russia, China, and Islamic extrem- ists. We envision a free, safe, and prosperous Czechia within a vibrant Central Europe that is an integral part of the transatlantic community and is based on a firm alliance with the USA. Our work is based on individual donors. Use the form at: http://www.europeanvalues.net/o-nas/support- us/, or send your donation directly to our transparent account: CZ69 2010 0000 0022 0125 8162. www.europeanvalues.net [email protected] www.facebook.com/Evropskehodnoty KREMLIN WATCH PROGRAM Kremlin Watch is a strategic program of the European Values Center for Security Policy which aims to ex- pose and confront instruments of Russian influence and disinformation operations focused against West- ern democracies. Author Mgr. Liz Anderson, student of Security and Strategic Studies at Masaryk University and Kremlin Watch Intern Editor Veronika Víchová, Head of Kremlin Watch Program, European Values Center for Security Policy Image Copyright: Page 1, 4, 12: NATO 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY With a population of a little more than 650,000 citizens, levels of Montenegrin society, but most prominently in Montenegro is NATO’s newest and smallest member. It the economic, political, civil society, media, and religious joined the Alliance controversially and without a realms. -
R Isk B U Lletin
ISSUE 1 | SEPTEMBER–OCTOBER 2020 THE CIVIL SOCIETY OBSERVATORY TO COUNTER ORGANIZED CRIME IN SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE SUMMARY HIGHLIGHTS 1. No lockdown for the Kotor gangs 4. The Balkan Route and COVID-19: For more than five years, there has been a gang war More restrictions, more misery between two criminal groups from Kotor, on the During 2015, tens of thousands of refugees and coast of Montenegro. While most of Montenegro migrants moved through South Eastern Europe on was in lockdown during the COVID-19 crisis, the their journeys to the West of the continent. Today, killings continued. Despite the ongoing violence, the so-called Balkan Route is largely closed: borders the two leaders of the feuding Kavač and Škaljari have been securitized, and desperate migrants and clans, who were arrested with much ado in 2018, asylum-seekers are being pushed back. Some of are now both out on bail. The new government in the few winners in this crisis are migrant smugglers. Montenegro has pledged to fight against organized We examine how a growing number of migrants crime and corruption. Will it be able to stop the are entering the Western Balkans from Greece via cocaine war? Albania, and the methods that are used to smuggle them. This story also highlights the impact that this 2. Albanian cannabis moves indoors is having in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where, because Albania has gained the dubious reputation of being of tight border controls with Croatia and fears of ranked as Europe’s top cannabis producer. Some COVID-19, there is a growing humanitarian crisis. -
The Cult of the Eagle Metamorphosed- a Semiotic Approach
I N T E R N A T I O NA L CO N F E R E N C E RCIC’19 Redefining Community in Intercultural Context Vlora, 2-4 May 2019 THE CULT OF THE EAGLE METAMORPHOSED- A SEMIOTIC APPROACH Eleonora HODAJ Department of Foreign Languages, University "Ismail Qemali", Vlora, Albania Abstract: Although the symbols of a country do not necessarily have a vital importance for the welfare of its existence and its priorities do not side with symbolism, it is hard not to consider them as a study element as long as they constitute the DNA of the culture, heritage and history of a certain civilization. A special history is the century- long journey of the symbol of the eagle, mostly due to a deep relationship of various peoples with its cult as a mythical bird. As the numerous archaeological records show, the symbol of the eagle, often referred to as the backbone of the personality of the peoples, has been part of the earliest world cultures. Not in vain, do we encounter it either single or double-headed in Sumerians, Hittites, Persians, Arabs, Romans, Byzantines and Seljuks without forgetting Pelasgians appearing with such representative symbols of the eagle cult. In this long journey of its, the symbol of the eagle has frequently been metamorphosed by converting from one configuration into another. But as a symbol whose natural environment is the flag, what does it represent in the mythology of the respective peoples? Why was it considered a holy bird? Can it be considered as a converging element within the context of cultural structuralism, since its myth or symbol is present everywhere? Through the language of symbols, this paper aims at giving a semiotic insight of the underlying significance that the many metamorphosed versions of this cult acquire on the basis of difference within the cultural context. -
Download This Publication
CMIREPORT Corruption in Montenegro 2007: Overview over Main Problems and Status of Reforms Marijana Trivunovic Vera Devine Harald Mathisen R 2007: 9 Corruption in Montenegro 2007: Overview over Main Problems and Status of Reforms Marijana Trivunovic Vera Devine Harald Mathisen R 2007: 9 CMI Reports This series can be ordered from: Chr. Michelsen Institute P.O. Box 6033 Postterminalen, N-5892 Bergen, Norway Tel: + 47 55 57 40 00 Fax: + 47 55 57 41 66 E-mail: [email protected] www.cmi.no Price: NOK 90 ISSN 0805-505X ISBN 978-82-8062-208-2 This report is also available at: www.cmi.no/publications Indexing terms Corruption Montenegro Project number 27072 Project title Sida: Study of Corruption in Montenegro Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 5 2. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 10 3. OVERVIEW AND CONTEXT ................................................................................................................. 13 3. 1 DATA, PERCEPTIONS, AND EXPERIENCE OF CORRUPTION....................................................................... 13 3.2 HISTORIC AND STRUCTURAL FACTORS.................................................................................................... 14 4. POLITICAL CORRUPTION................................................................................................................... -
The Decision of the Citizens of Montenegro to Live in an Independent and Sovereign State of Montenegro, Made in the Referendum Held on May 21, 2006;
Stemming from: The decision of the citizens of Montenegro to live in an independent and sovereign state of Montenegro, made in the referendum held on May 21, 2006; The commitment of the citizens of Montenegro to live in a state in which the basic values are freedom, peace, tolerance, respect for human rights and liberties, multiculturalism, democracy and the rule of law; The determination that, as free and equal citizens, persons belonging to nations and national minorities living in Montenegro: Montenegrins, Serbs, Bosnians, Albanians, Muslims, Croats and others, we are loyal to the democratic and civil state of Montenegro; The conviction that the state is responsible for the preservation of nature, sound environment, sustainable development, balanced development of all its regions and the establishment of social justice; The dedication to cooperation on equal footing with other nations and states and to the European and Euro-Atlantic integrations, the Constitutional assembly of the Republic of Montenegro, at its third meeting within the second regular session in 2007, held on October 19, 2007, adopts 1 THE CONSTITUTION OF MONTENEGRO PART ONE BASIC PROVISIONS The State Article 1 Montenegro is an independent and sovereign state, with the republican form of government. Montenegro is a civil, democratic, ecological and the state of social justice, based on the rule of law. Sovereignty Article 2 Bearer of sovereignty is the citizen with Montenegrin citizenship. The citizen shall exercise power directly and through the freely elected representatives. The power that is not stemming from the freely expressed will of the citizens in the democratic elections, in accordance with the law, shall not be established nor recognized. -
FLAG of MONTENEGRO - a BRIEF HISTORY Where in the World
Part of the “History of National Flags” Series from Flagmakers FLAG OF MONTENEGRO - A BRIEF HISTORY Where In The World Trivia There is a separate, but identical, vertical flag for use indoors. Technical Specification Adopted: 13th July 2004 Proportion: 1:2 Design: A red flag with a gold border, inside is the national coat of arms. Colours: PMS – Red: 186 C, Gold: 117 C, Blue: 118 C CMYK – Red: 0% Cyan, 91% Magenta, 76% Yellow, 6% Black; Gold: 0% Cyan, 18.5% magenta 100% Yellow, 15% Blacks; Blue: 85% Cyan, 42% Magenta, 38% Yellow, 0% Black; Green: 71% Cyan, 22% Magenta, 100% Yellow, 5% Black Brief History At the end of the Great Turkish War, the Montenegrins defeated the Ottomans and the theocratic state of Prince- Bishopric of Montenegro. The flag was a plain white-bordered red flag with a white cross in the centre. By the death of the Prince-Bishop ruler, Peter II Petrović Njegoš, in 1952 his nephew Danilo was declared prince and abolished the theocratic state. The new Principality of Montenegro had a more ornate white-bordered red flag, which included the national coat of arms in the centre with a golden lion underneath. In the shield was the initials ‘HI’. The Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro The Flag of the Principality of Montenegro (1516 – 1852) (1852 – 1905) In 1905 a new constitution was written giving power to the parliament as well as the prince. The flag was also changed to a simple red-blue-white tricolour. The Prince Nicholas of Monaco declared himself a king 1910 and the Kingdom of Montenegro was born. -
Welkom in Montenegro
Welkom in Montenegro AANKOMST IN MONTENEGRO 5 WAT U NIET MAG MISSEN 6 HOOGTEPUNTEN VAN MICHELIN 8 MONTENEGRO IN 5 DAGEN 10 De oude stad Budva © Olena_Znak/iStock De Baai van Kotor is een duizelingwekkende fjord, de meest zuidelijke van Europa. © Kostolom/iStock AANKOMST IN MONTENEGRO AANKOMST IN MONTENEGRO Met het vliegtuig LOWBUDGETMAATSCHAPPIJEN Ryanair – t 0902 33 600 (België) Er zijn twee internationale luchthavens en 0202 622 907 (Nederland) - in Montenegro. www.ryanair.com. Rechtstreekse T www.montenegroairports.com vluchten vanuit Charleroi naar De grootste luchthaven is die in Podgorica (reisduur: ca. 2½ uur). Podgorica (gelegen op 12 km van het TUI – t +32 (0)70 22 00 00 - centrum van Podgorica), ook Golubovci www.tuifly.be. Regelmatig recht- genoemd (naar de dichtstbij gelegen streekse vluchten van Brussel naar agglomeratie). Tivat in het hoogseizoen (reisduur: De andere is de luchthaven van Tivat ca. 2¾ uur). (gelegen op 4 km van het centrum van T ‘Formaliteiten’, blz. 14. Tivat), niet ver van de Baai van Kotor, waar vooral chartervliegtuigen landen en vertrekken. ALTERNATIEVE ROUTE T ‘Autoverhuur’, blz. 16 en ‘Taxi’s’, blz. 20. 5 U kunt ook het vliegtuig nemen GEWONE naar de luchthaven van Dubrovnik LUCHTVAARTMAATSCHAPPIJEN (www.airport-dubrovnik.hr) in Austrian Airlines – t 02 620 08 51 Kroatië, daar een auto huren en (België) en 020 721 94 19 (Neder- zelf naar Montenegro rijden of land) - www.austrian.com. Regelmatig de taxi naar Montenegro nemen. vluchten vanuit Brussel en Amsterdam Dat is vooral erg handig als u van naar Podgorica, met tussenstop plan bent de Baai van Kotor te in Wenen. -
Newsletter Open Parliament
neWsletter open ctÜÄ|tÅxÇà Éy `ÉÇàxÇxzÜÉ parliament newsletter on the parliament of montenegro performance no. 72 June 2017 CONTENT in foCUs 13th European Union-Montenegro Stabilisation and Legislative and oversight activity ... ...................... ...2 Association Parliamentary Committee (SAPC) meeting held in Strasbourg News from Parliament ..................................................5 p.6 President of the Parliament held a reception on the occasion of raising the flag of Montenegro in Brussels...................................................................................5 Parliamentary glossary ..................................... .........5 In focus ...................................................................... ............6 From the history of Montenegrin parliamentarism .............................................................7 Calendar ........................................................................... ....8 parliamentary glossary Do you know... what is parliamentary cooperation? p.5 from the history of montenegrin parliamentarism Constitution of the People’s Republic of Montenegro of 1946(Relation between the state authorities and state administration bodies) p.7 parliament of montenegro issn 1800-9034 BiltenBilten o radu Vlade Crne ElektronskoGore izdanjeIzlazi petnaestodnevnoGodina II Broj 17 1- open par liame nt parliament of montenegro newsletter on the parliament of montenegro performance electronic format release: monthly year Vii no. 72 June 2017 FOREWORD Dear readers, LEGISLATIVE -
Party Outcomes in Hybrid Regimes in the Western Balkans and Beyond
Party Outcomes in Hybrid Regimes in the Western Balkans and Beyond By Ivan Vuković Submitted to Central European University Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Supervisor: Professor Zsolt Enyedi Budapest, May 2014 Abstract Most political parties that had been ruling in hybrid regimes lost power as these regimes ceased to exist i.e. democratized. Yet, some of these parties remained politically dominant notwithstanding the regime change. This PhD thesis aims to offer a plausible explanation of their different political fates (here defined as party outcomes). Its main focus is on the incumbent parties in hybrid regimes that existed in Serbia, Croatia, and Montenegro during the last decade of the 20th century. In addition, the thesis looks at a larger population of similar cases with the ambition to contribute to a better general understanding of the diverging party outcomes. The thesis puts forward a theoretically innovative model explaining the party outcomes, founded upon the two assumptions: (1) the diverging fates of dominant parties in hybrid regimes are determined by these parties’ (lack of) institutionalization; (2) (the lack of) their institutionalization is determined by the salience of the national question in the process of political mobilization leading to the regime establishment. Process tracing method is employed to test the presence in the three cases under observation of the thus constructed causal mechanism linking the hypothesized conditions (nationalist mobilization and the lack of party institutionalization) and party outcome (the loss of power). The theoretical relevance of the results of the analysis, supported by numerous causal process observations (including, among others, 27 in-depth interviews), is subsequently assessed within a broader empirical domain.