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Hong Kong SAR
China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
Ethnic Minorities in Custody
Ethnic Minorities In Custody Following is a list of prisoners from China's ethnic minority groups who are believed to be currently in custody for alleged political crimes. For space reasons, this list for the most part includes only those already convicted and sentenced to terms of imprisonment. It also does not include death sentences, which are normally carried out soon after sentencing unless an appeal is pending. The large majority of the offenses involve allegations of separatism or other state security crimes. Because of limited access to information, this list must be con- sidered incomplete and only an indication of the scale of the situation. In addition, there is conflicting information from different sources in some cases, including alternate spellings of names, and the information presented below represents a best guess on which informa- tion is more accurate. Sources: HRIC, Amnesty International, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, International Campaign for Tibet, Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, Tibet Information Network, Southern Mongolia Information Center, Uyghur Human Rights Project, World Uyghur Congress, East Turkistan Information Center, Radio Free Asia, Human Rights Watch. INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION DATE OF NAME DETENTION BACKGROUND SENTENCE OFFENSE PRISON Hada 10-Dec-95 An owner of Mongolian Academic 6-Dec-96, 15 years inciting separatism and No. 4 Prison of Inner Bookstore, as well as the founder espionage Mongolia, Chi Feng and editor-in-chief of The Voice of Southern Mongolia, Hada was arrested for publishing an under- ground journal and for founding and leading the Southern Mongolian Democracy Alliance (SMDA). Naguunbilig 7-Jun-05 Naguunbilig, a popular Mongolian Reportedly tried on practicing an evil cult, Inner Mongolia, No. -
Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies
Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2018 ISSN 2048-0601 Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies This e-journal is a peer-reviewed publication produced by the British Association for Chinese Studies (BACS). It is intended as a service to the academic community designed to encourage the production and dissemination of high quality research to an international audience. It publishes research falling within BACS’ remit, which is broadly interpreted to include China, and the Chinese diaspora, from its earliest history to contemporary times, and spanning the disciplines of the arts, humanities and social sciences. Editors Sarah Dauncey (University of Nottingham) Gerda Wielander (University of Westminster) Sub-Editor Scott Pacey (University of Nottingham) Editorial Board Tim Barrett (School of Oriental and African Studies) Jane Duckett (University of Glasgow) Harriet Evans (University of Westminster) Stephanie Hemelryk Donald (University of New South Wales) Stephan Feuchtwang (London School of Economics) Natascha Gentz (University of Edinburgh) Rana Mitter (University of Oxford) Qian Suoqiao (University of Newcastle) Caroline Rose (University of Leeds) Naomi Standen (University of Birmingham) Yao Shujie (University of Nottingham) Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2018 Contents Editors’ Introduction iv Articles Premarital Abortion—What is the Harm? The Responsibilisation of 1 Women’s Pregnancy Among China’s “Privileged” Daughters Kailing Xie Encompassing the Horse: Analogy, Category, and Scale in the Yijing 32 William Matthews The Favourable Partner: An Analysis of Lianhe Zaobao’s 62 Representation of China in Southeast Asia Daniel R. Hammond Free Trade, Yes; Ideology, Not So Much: The UK’s Shifting China Policy 92 2010-16 Scott A.W. -
2008 UPRISING in TIBET: CHRONOLOGY and ANALYSIS © 2008, Department of Information and International Relations, CTA First Edition, 1000 Copies ISBN: 978-93-80091-15-0
2008 UPRISING IN TIBET CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS CONTENTS (Full contents here) Foreword List of Abbreviations 2008 Tibet Uprising: A Chronology 2008 Tibet Uprising: An Analysis Introduction Facts and Figures State Response to the Protests Reaction of the International Community Reaction of the Chinese People Causes Behind 2008 Tibet Uprising: Flawed Tibet Policies? Political and Cultural Protests in Tibet: 1950-1996 Conclusion Appendices Maps Glossary of Counties in Tibet 2008 UPRISING IN TIBET CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS UN, EU & Human Rights Desk Department of Information and International Relations Central Tibetan Administration Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA 2010 2008 UPRISING IN TIBET: CHRONOLOGY AND ANALYSIS © 2008, Department of Information and International Relations, CTA First Edition, 1000 copies ISBN: 978-93-80091-15-0 Acknowledgements: Norzin Dolma Editorial Consultants Jane Perkins (Chronology section) JoAnn Dionne (Analysis section) Other Contributions (Chronology section) Gabrielle Lafitte, Rebecca Nowark, Kunsang Dorje, Tsomo, Dhela, Pela, Freeman, Josh, Jean Cover photo courtesy Agence France-Presse (AFP) Published by: UN, EU & Human Rights Desk Department of Information and International Relations (DIIR) Central Tibetan Administration (CTA) Gangchen Kyishong Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA Phone: +91-1892-222457,222510 Fax: +91-1892-224957 Email: [email protected] Website: www.tibet.net; www.tibet.com Printed at: Narthang Press DIIR, CTA Gangchen Kyishong Dharamsala - 176215, HP, INDIA ... for those who lost their lives, for -
Assaulting Identity: China's New Coercive Strategies in Tibet
Assaulting Identity: China’s new coercive strategies in Tibet ABOUT Tibet Advocacy Coalition is a project established in 2013 by International Tibet Network, Tibet Justice Center and Students for a Free Tibet to develop coordinated strategies, monitoring tools, and reports to highlight the situation in Tibet at the United Nations Human Rights Council. The Coalition members are International Tibet Network Secretariat, Tibet Justice Center, Students for a Free Tibet, Tibetan Youth Association Europe and Tibet Initiative Deutschland, who work together with support and advice from Boston University’s Asylum & Human Rights Program. The Coalition also offers support to other Tibet groups engaging in UN mechanisms and strengthen the global Tibet movement’s advocacy work and lead an on-the-ground team of Tibet advocates. Cover illustration by Urgyen Wangchuk. http://www.urgyen.com 2 CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................4 2. METHODOLOGY...................................................................6 3. BACKGROUND....................................................................8 4. SHAPING A NEW GENERATION FROM INFANCY ..........................................9 4.1. Kindergartens as new hubs for cultural re‑engineering and military‑style training ............10 4.2. Eroding Tibetan language instruction in kindergartens & nurseries........................12 4.3. Residential schools and “pairing” to monitor compliance of Tibetan students................14 4.4. “Patriotic education bases” -
Standards for Firefighters Rise As New Guidelines Take
CHINA DAILY | HONG KONG EDITION Wednesday, January 16, 2019 | 5 CHINA LOCAL TWO SESSIONS Region boosts profile of ancient Tibetan healing By PALDEN NYIMA cine, and we want to contribute a and DAQIONG in Lhasa little to the country’s Healthy Chi na plan,” he said. Doctors working in the Tibet Tenshung Drakpa said it was autonomous region’s traditional great news and auspicious that Tibetan medicine hospitals are feel Lum medicinal bathing had been ing more confident about their added to the UNESCO list. careers thanks to the regional gov In the past 20 years, he has ernment’s efforts to boost recogni apprenticed more than 2,000 tion of traditional healing practices. Tibetan doctors and medical stu The region plans to strengthen dents, and more than 700 have public health and its traditional become independent practitioners. Tibetan medical heritage, Qi Zhala, Not only has the tradition been chairman of the regional govern passed on in many Tibetan areas ment, said at the opening of the but it has also been introduced to region’s people’s congress last week. hospitals in coastal cities and is With a written history of more gradually becoming known in non than 3,800 years and oral history Tibetan communities in China. of more than 10,000 years, tradi In 2004, after one of Tenshung tional Tibetan medicine is consid Drakpa’s papers about Tibetan ered an important component of medicine became popular, a book traditional Chinese medicine. was published with the assistance Firefighters suppress a blaze at an automobile component market in Guiyang, Guizhou province, on Tuesday. -
STP Written Statement
United Nations A/HRC/19/NGO/114 General Assembly Distr.: General 28 February 2012 English only Human Rights Council Nineteenth session Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Written statement* submitted by the Society for Threatened Peoples, a non-governmental organization in special consultative status The Secretary-General has received the following written statement which is circulated in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31. [13 February 2012] * This written statement is issued, unedited, in the language(s) received from the submitting non-governmental organization(s). GE.12-10867 A/HRC/19/NGO/114 Severe restrictions on religious freedom and freedom of expression in the Tibetan autonomous region and adjacent areas where Tibetans live The human rights situation in the Tibet Autonomous Region and adjacent areas where Tibetans live continues to remain a major concern. Spate of self-immolation protests since 2009 and demonstrations in the Tibet Autonomous Region and adjacent areas where Tibetans live defy the position of the Chinese government that the Tibetan Autonomous Region and adjacent areas where Tibetans live are stable. Arbitrary arrests, detentions and imprisonments have continued throughout the Tibetan Autonomous Region and adjacent areas where Tibetans live. Intensive patriotic re- education sessions pressuring the Buddhist monks and nuns to study communist ideologies and denounce their spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama have exacerbated rather than calmed the volatile situation. Tibetans are increasingly but peacefully showing their resistance to the continued suppression by the Chinese authorities. Kirti monastery in the Sichuan province, Nyitso monastery and Mamae Dechen Chokhorling nunnery, and Karma monastery are the four places where self-immolation protests took place. -
The Prevention and Control of Economic Crime in China
The Prevention and Control of Economic Crime in China: A Critical Analysis of the Law and its Administration Enze Liu Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Institute of Advanced Legal Studies School of Advanced Study, University of London September 2017 Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis represents my own work. Where information has been used they have been duly acknowledged. Signature: …………………………. Date: ………………………………. 2 Abstract Economic crime and corruption has been an issue throughout Chinese history. While there may be scope for discussion as to the significance of public confidence in the integrity of a government, in practical terms the government of China has had to focus attention on maintaining confidence in its integrity as an issue for stability. Since the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and its assumption of power and in particular after the ‘Opening’ of the Chinese economy, abusive conduct on the part of those in positions of privilege, primarily in governmental organisations, has arguably reached an unprecedented level. In turn, this is impeding development as far as it undermines public confidence, accelerates jealousy and forges an even wider gap between rich and poor, thereby threatening the stability and security of civil societies. More importantly, these abuses undermine the reputation of the CCP and the government. China naturally consider this as of key significance in attracting foreign investment and assuming its leading role in the world economy. While there have been many attempts to curb economic crime, the traditional capabilities of the law and particularly the criminal justice system have in general terms been found to be inadequate. -
Tibet's “Intolerable” Monasteries
Tibet’s “Intolerable” Monasteries | Tibet Watch 2016 Tibet’s “Intolerable” Monasteries: The role of monasteries in Tibetan resistance since 1950 Thematic Report April 2016 -1- Tibet’s “Intolerable” Monasteries: The role of monasteries in Tibetan resistance since 1950 Copyright © 2016 Tibet Watch All rights reserved. Cover photo by Reuters Tibet Watch works to promote the human rights of the Tibetan people through monitoring, research and advocacy. We are a UK registered charity (no. 1114404) with an office in London and a field office in Dharamsala, India. We believe in the power of bearing witness, the power of truth. www.tibetwatch.org Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Background ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Role of monasteries in Tibetan society ......................................................................................................... 4 China and Tibetan Buddhism since 1950 ...................................................................................................... 5 Current situation ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Labrang Tashikyil Monastery .......................................................................................................................... -
China's Aid to North Korea
This article was translated by JIIA from Japanese into English as part of a research project to promote academic studies on the international circumstances in the Asia-Pacific. JIIA takes full responsibility for the translation of this article. To obtain permission to use this article beyond the scope of your personal use and research, please contact JIIA by e-mail ([email protected]). Citation: International Circumstances in the Asia-Pacific Series, Japan Digital Library (March 2016), http://www2.jiia.or.jp/en/digital_library/korean_peninsula.php Feature: North Korean Economy, Past and Present China’s Aid to North Korea — Centered on the China-North Korea Oil Pipeline* Yukihiro Hotta** Introduction A former U.S. State Department official with “long experience” in dealing with North Korea describes the situation as follows. “The day China decides to break with the DPRK and the moment the PRC decides that a reunified Korean Peninsula (under Seoul’s aegis) is more in its interest than a divided peninsula, that is when the process of Korea’s national unification will begin in earnest, and there will be little the DPRK can do to sustain itself as an independent entity. It is for that reason that the North has been extremely cautious in its ties with Beijing. .China is the DPRK’s lifeline and insurance policy, which for a nationalistic North Korea is something that necessarily sticks in the craw, but it is a fact of life.” (Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, 2012: 10) This can be considered a very frank expression of the U.S. -
A New Impetus for the Fight Against Corruption
China Perspectives 2013/2 | 2013 Real Estate Speculation and its Social Consequences A New Impetus for the Fight Against Corruption Jérôme Doyon Translator: N. Jayaram Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/6191 DOI: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.6191 ISSN: 1996-4617 Publisher Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Printed version Date of publication: 1 June 2013 Number of pages: 74-75 ISSN: 2070-3449 Electronic reference Jérôme Doyon, « A New Impetus for the Fight Against Corruption », China Perspectives [Online], 2013/2 | 2013, Online since 01 June 2013, connection on 15 September 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/6191 © All rights reserved China perspectives Current affairs This section, prepared by Asia Centre (www.centreasia.eu) is mainly based on the Chinese-language press and aims at explaining the debates ongoing in the PRC, at Hong Kong or in Taiwan on international questions and issues related to Greater China. A new impetus for the fight against corruption Analysis by Jérôme Doyon based on: – Ren Zhongyuan, (1) “以科学分权和异体监督反腐” (Systematic separation of powers and ensuring autonomous supervision of the anticor - ruption fight), Xin shiji , 31 December 2012. – Zhang Weiying, (2) “反腐败的两难选择” (Two choices for the fight against corruption), speech during the second session of the Jingjiguangcha Bao annual conference on reforms in China, held on 19 December in Beijing, reported by Xinlang Caijing , 19 December 2012. – Chen Baocheng, (3) “反腐新动力” (New anticorruption dynamics), Xin shiji , 31 December 2012. – Hu Shuli, (4) “反腐难与易” (Ease and difficulties in the anticorruption fight), Xin shiji , 17 December 2012. – Yang Minzhi, (5) “限权才能反腐败” (Liming powers and then resuming the anticorruption fight), Caijing , 10 December 2012.