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Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) ANNALES HISTORICO-NATURALES MUSEI NATIONALIS HUNGARICI Volume 104 Budapest, 2012 pp. 215–297 New species and records of Neotropical Macronematinae and Smicrideinae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) J. OLÁH1 & K. A. JOHANSON2 1H-4032 Debrecen, Tarján u. 28, Hungary. Email: [email protected] 2Swedish Museum of Natural History, Entomology Department, Box 50007, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: [email protected] – Fifty-four new species in the hydropsychid genera Centromacronema ULMER, 1905 (3 new species), Leptonema GUÉRIN-MÉNEVILLE, 1843 (10 new species), Macronema PICTET, 1836 (2 new species), Macrostemum KOLENATI, 1859 (1 new species), and Smicridea MCLACHLAN, 1871 (38 new species) are described and illustrated. New records of 48 species in the above listed genera, as well as Plectromacronema ULMER, 1906, are given. With 287 figures and 1 table. – Hydropsychidae, new species, Neotropical Region, new records. INTRODUCTION According to FLINT et al. (1999) about 370 species of Hydropsychidae CURTIS, 1835 are known from the Neotropical Region. Only slightly more species were listed by MORSE (2012). The family is one of the most diverse in the neotropics, surpassed only by the Hydroptilidae STEPHENS, 1836. The Hydropsychidae are divided into the subfamilies Diplectroninae ULMER, 1951, Hydropsychinae CURTIS, 1834, Macronematinae ULMER, 1905 and Smicrideinae FLINT, 1974. The Arctopsychidae are considered a subfamily of Hydropsychidae by some authors (HOLZENTHAL et al. 2007, MORSE 2012), and regarded as a distinct family by others (e.g. SCHMID 1968). In the Neotropical Region, the Macronematinae and Smicrideinae comprise 90% of the known species diversity in the family. These two groups cover the study organisms of this work. Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 104, 2012 216 J. Oláh & K. A. Johanson MATERIAL AND METHODS The study is based on 1495 males and 1749 females belonging to 102 species in 6 ge- nera. All material is preserved in 70–80% alcohol. In order to observe morphological de- tails in the genitalia, the entire abdomen was removed and placed in a small glass beaker of 25 cm3 with 10% KOH solution and boiled for 5–15 minutes for digestion. The duration of the treatment is adjusted individually to the effectiveness of clearing process, which de- pends on the species or even on the nutritive state of tissues or on the physiological condi- tion of the specimens. The process of digestion was followed by examining the transparency of the specimen under treatment, as the dissolution rate of the soft tissues is clearly visible to naked eye. The digested abdomen was subsequently transferred to distilled water and the macerated tissue was removed mechanically by fine tipped forceps and needles. The cleared abdomen was transferred to 80% ethyl alcohol, and to glycerine for examination under microscope. Different sized pins modified to supporting ring bottom was intro- duced into the abdomen and used to hold and stabilise the genitalia in lateral, dorsal and ventral position for drawing. However, the plane of view is never perfect and we made no special procedures of grid, matrix or reflection to produce absolute mirror symmetry of the drawings. Instead, the genital structures are drawn exactly as seen in the microscope. How- ever setae are represented only by their alveoli and moreover their density is only symbolic. If essential the setal length or setal shape are presented by drawing a single or a few setae only. The genital structure was traced by pencil on white paper using a drawing tube moun- ted on a WILD M3Z microscope at between 260–416× magnification. Final illustrations were prepared by enlarging the original pencil drawings and re-drawn on transparent paper by Black India Ink. The inked illustrations were scanned on an Epson Expression 1680 Pro scanner in grayscale and 800 dpi resolution. The plates were arranged, and brightness and contrast edited in Adobe® Photoshop© 8.0 on a Macintosh G5. We used our functional appendicular terminology and not the conventional anato- mical directional terminology to describe the genital structures in species description (OLÁH &JOHANSON 2008). Species descriptions were standardised to ensure consistently formatted and comparable description in general accord with EVENHUIS’ (2007) template principle. We have standardised also the terminology to describe space extensions of variously formed structural elements. The following terms were used to qualify the dimen- sions and extensions of genital structural elements: (1) short or long for length dimension on the longitudinal direction of coronal plane along the anteroposterior axis; (2) low or high (traditionally shallow or deep especially for excisions) for height dimension on the vertical direction of the sagittal plane along the dorsoventral axis and (3) narrow or wide (broad)on the lateral direction of the transversal plane along the mediolateral or left-right axis. The three dimensional Cartesian coordinate system provides theoretical possibility to quantify by measurements the three physical dimensions of length, width, and height of each struc- tural element. However, this quantification is used very seldom in species description. Here we quantify only the length of forewing. Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 104, 2012 New Neotropical Macronematinae and Smicrideinae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)217 The material is deposited in the following collections: HNHM = Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary; NRM = Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Entomology Department, Stockholm, Sweden; OPC = OLÁH Private Collection, Debrecen, presently under protection of the HNHM. TAXONOMIC PART CURTIS, 1834 Centromacronema ULMER, 1905 Centromacronema auripenne RAMBUR, 1842 Material examined – : Approuaguekaw, Kaw Mt, 4°32.833’N, 52° 11.452’W, 77 mao, 24.I.2007, FRG 5, light trap, leg. N. JÖNSSON (1 female, NRM). Remarks – Forewing nearly uniform brownish; crossvein m present, producing closed median cell. Centromacronema excisum ULMER, 1905 Material examined – : San Martin Prov., creek crossing rd. Juan Guerra-Cha- zuta, 14 km (rd.) E Colombia Bridge, 6°35.594’S, 76°13.172’W, light, loc. 09, 9.I.2009 leg. K. A. JOHANSON & T. MALM (1 female, NRM). sp. n. (Figs 1–5) Diagnosis – This species is distinguished from most other Centromacronema by the loss of crossvein m, leaving the median cell open on forewing. Its upward directed dorso- apical corner of the phallic apex distinguish this new species from all other known species. Description – Male. Dorsum of head, thorax and abdomen dark brown, light brown or even yellow below; forewing brown without distinct pattern; there is some indistinct paler area between Sc and M; forewing length 8.2 mm; crossvein m lost on forewing. Maxillary palp formula 1-2-4-3-5, segment 3 as long as 1, 2 and 4 together. Tibial spurs 044, dorsoapi- cal projection from foretibia pointed accompanied by 4-5 small spines. Cuticular structure of sternum V glands forming a pair of rounded strongly sclerotised ridge. Male genitalia. Segment IX short, its dorsum with excised apex slightly roofing over segment X; excision varying in paratypes from small to none; intersegmental profile between segments IX and X high obtuse angled; stout setae present on apical rim. Segment Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 104, 2012 218 J. Oláh & K. A. Johanson X high basally and very low apically with pointed apex in lateral view; cerci located middle as a pair of small elevated setose warts; vestigial paraproct developed as a pair of ventrola- teral straps directed downward from apical lobes. Coxopodite and harpago fused, slightly S-forming. Phallic organ with dorsoapically produced apex in lateral view; with very long and very narrow mesal excision in dorsal view; phalloteremal sclerites with specific pattern. Material examined – Holotype, male: : River Salvation, Mt Manu, Mother of Good, 546 m, humid subtropical forest, 71°21’22’’W, 12°50’16’’S, 26–28.II.2005, Malaise trap, leg. JUAN CHAVEZ LOPEZ (NRM). Paratypes: same data as holotype (4 males, NRM, 3 males, OPC). Etymology – Felfele, from “felfelé”, upward in Hungarian, refers to the upward pro- duced dorsoapical corner of the phallic apex in lateral view. 2 3 1 5 4 Centromacronema felfele sp. n., holotype, male genitalia: 1 = lateral view; 2 = left gonopod, ventral; 3 = dorsal; 4 = phallus lateral; 5 = phallus apex, ventral sp. n. (Figs 6–10) Diagnosis – This species is distinguished from most other Centromacronema by the loss of crossvein m, leaving the median cell open. It resembles C. auripenne (RAMBUR, 1842) from Brazil, from which it differs by having median cell open on forewing and differently shaped phallic apex. Annls hist.-nat. Mus. natn. hung. 104, 2012 New Neotropical Macronematinae and Smicrideinae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)219 Description – Male. Dorsum of head, thorax and abdomen dark brown, forewing brown without distinct pattern; there is some indistinct paler area between Sc and M; fore- wing length 16 mm; crossvein m lost on forewing. Maxillary palp formula 1-(2,4)-3-5, seg- ment 3 as long as 1, 2 and 4 together. Tibial spurs 044, dorsoapical projection from foretibia pointed. Cuticular structure of sternum V glands forming a pair of auriform strongly sclero- tised ridge. Male genitalia. Segment IX short, its dorsum with excised apex slightly roofing over segment X; intersegmental profile between segments IX and X high obtuse angled; stout setae present on apical rim. Segment X high basally and very low apically with pointed apex in lateral view; cerci located middle as a pair of elevated setose warts; vestigial paraproct developed as a pair of ventrolateral straps directed downward from apical lobes. Coxopodite and harpago fused, slightly S-forming, constricted middle and capitate. Phallic organ with spatulate apex in lateral view; with long and narrow mesal excision in dorsal view; phallo- tremal sclerites with specific pattern. 6 10 8 9 7 Centromacronema kanalas sp. n., holotype, male genitalia: 6 = lateral view; 7 = left gonopod, ventral; 8 = dorsal; 9 = phallus lateral; 10 = phallus apex, ventral Material examined – Holotype, male: : dept. Pasco, Yanachaga Chemilien NP, INRENA Refugio El Cedro, S10°32.717, W75°21.492, 2460 m, 30.I.2003, leg A.
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