Pbdes)—A Historical Overview and Newest Data of a Promising Anticancer Drug
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Dissertation Philip Böhler
Three Tales of Death: New Pathways in the Induction, Inhibition and Execution of Apoptosis Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf vorgelegt von Philip Böhler aus Bonn Düsseldorf, Juni 2019 aus dem Institut für Molekulare Medizin I der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Gedruckt mit der Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Berichterstatter: 1. Prof. Dr. Sebastian Wesselborg 2. Prof. Dr. Henrike Heise Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 29. Oktober 2019 “Where the first primal cell was, there was I also. Where man is, there am I. When the last life crawls under freezing stars, there will I be.” — DEATH, in: Mort, by Terry Pratchett “Right away I found out something about biology: it was very easy to find a question that was very interesting, and that nobody knew the answer to.” — Richard Feynman, in: Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! Acknowledgements (Danksagung) Acknowledgements (Danksagung) Viele Menschen haben zum Gelingen meiner Forschungsarbeit und dieser Dissertation beigetragen, und nicht alle können hier namentlich erwähnt werden. Dennoch möchte ich einige besonders hervorheben. An erster Stelle möchte ich Professor Sebastian Wesselborg danken, der diese Dissertation als Erstgutachter betreut hat und der mir die Möglichkeit gab, die dazugehörigen experimentellen Arbeiten am Institut für Molekulare Medizin durchzuführen. Er und Professor Björn Stork, dem ich für die herzliche Aufnahme in seine Arbeitsgruppe danke, legten durch die richtige Mischung aus aktiver Förderung und dem Freiraum zur Umsetzung eigener wissenschaftlicher Ideen die ideale Grundlage für die Forschungsprojekte, aus denen diese Dissertation entstand. Professorin Henrike Heise, die sich freundlicherweise zur Betreuung dieser Dissertation als Zweitgutachterin bereiterklärt hat, gilt ebenfalls mein herzlicher Dank. -
OFR Staff Plan
Staff Briefing Package Project Plan: Organohalogen Flame Retardant Chemicals Assessment July 1, 2020 CPSC Consumer Hotline and General Information: 1-800-638-CPSC (2772) CPSC's Web Site: http://www.cpsc.gov THIS DOCUMENT HAS NOT BEEN REVIEWED CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE OR ACCEPTED BY THE COMMISSION UNDER CPSA 6(b)(1) Acknowledgments The preparation, writing, and review of this report was supported by a team of staff. We acknowledge and thank team members for their significant contributions. Michael Babich, Ph.D., Directorate for Health Sciences Charles Bevington, M.P.H., Directorate for Health Sciences Xinrong Chen, Ph.D., D.A.B.T., Directorate for Health Sciences Eric Hooker, M.S., D.A.B.T., Directorate for Health Sciences Cynthia Gillham, M.S., Directorate for Economic Analysis John Gordon, Ph.D., Directorate for Health Sciences Kristina Hatlelid, Ph.D., M.P.H., Directorate for Health Sciences Barbara Little, Attorney, Office of the General Counsel Joanna Matheson, Ph.D., Directorate for Health Sciences ii THIS DOCUMENT HAS NOT BEEN REVIEWED CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE OR ACCEPTED BY THE COMMISSION UNDER CPSA 6(b)(1) Table of Contents Briefing Memo ............................................................................................................................... iv 1. Executive summary .............................................................................................................. 5 2. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... -
The Ozonolysis of Phenyl Grignard Reagent
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1971 The ozonolysis of phenyl Grignard reagent Gale Manning Sherrodd The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Sherrodd, Gale Manning, "The ozonolysis of phenyl Grignard reagent" (1971). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 8297. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/8297 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE OZONOLYSIS OF PHENYL GRIGNARD REAGENT By Gale M. Sherrodd B.S., Rocky Mountain College, I969 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts for Teachers UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1971 Approved by: Chairman, Board of Examiners De^ , Graduate *School / n ? / Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP39098 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT DiMMtstion PuWiahing UMI EP39098 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. -
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (Pbdes)
America’s Children and the Environment, Third Edition DRAFT Indicators Biomonitoring: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) EPA is preparing the third edition of America’s Children and the Environment (ACE3), following the previous editions published in December 2000 and February 2003. ACE is EPA’s compilation of children’s environmental health indicators and related information, drawing on the best national data sources available for characterizing important aspects of the relationship between environmental contaminants and children’s health. ACE includes four sections: Environments and Contaminants, Biomonitoring, Health, and Special Features. EPA has prepared draft indicator documents for ACE3 representing 23 children's environmental health topics and presenting a total of 42 proposed children's environmental health indicators. This document presents the draft text, indicator, and documentation for the PBDEs topic in the Biomonitoring section. THIS INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED SOLELY FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRE- DISSEMINATION PEER REVIEW UNDER APPLICABLE INFORMATION QUALITY GUIDELINES. IT HAS NOT BEEN FORMALLY DISSEMINATED BY EPA. IT DOES NOT REPRESENT AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED TO REPRESENT ANY AGENCY DETERMINATION OR POLICY. For more information on America’s Children and the Environment, please visit www.epa.gov/ace. For instructions on how to submit comments on the draft ACE3 indicators, please visit www.epa.gov/ace/ace3drafts/. March 2011 DRAFT: DO NOT QUOTE OR CITE Biomonitoring: Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) 1 Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) 2 3 Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of brominated flame retardant chemicals 4 that have been incorporated into a variety of manufactured products, including foam cushioning 5 used in furniture and plastics used in televisions and computers. -
Exposure and Use Assessment for Five PBT Chemicals
EPA Document # EPA-740-R1-8002 June 2018 United States Office of Chemical Safety and Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention Exposure and Use Assessment of Five Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Chemicals Peer Review Draft June 2018 Contents TABLES ................................................................................................................................................................... 7 FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 15 2. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................. 15 3. APPROACH .................................................................................................................................................. 17 4. DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (DECABDE) .................................................................................................. 21 4.1. Chemistry and Physical-Chemical Properties ................................................................................ 21 4.2. Uses ................................................................................................................................................ 21 4.3. Characterization of Expected Environmental Partitioning -
Endophytic Fungi—Alternative Sources of Cytotoxic Compounds: a Review
REVIEW published: 26 April 2018 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00309 Endophytic Fungi—Alternative Sources of Cytotoxic Compounds: A Review Fazilath Uzma 1†, Chakrabhavi D. Mohan 2†, Abeer Hashem 3, Narasimha M. Konappa 4, Shobith Rangappa 5, Praveen V. Kamath 1, Bhim P. Singh 6, Venkataramana Mudili 7, Vijai K. Gupta 8, Chandra N. Siddaiah 4*, Srinivas Chowdappa 1*, Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi 9 and Elsayed F. Abd_Allah 9 1 Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India, 2 Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India, 3 Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 4 Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India, 5 Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, BG Nagara, Mandya, India, Edited by: 6 Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India, Salvatore Salomone, 7 Microbiology Division, DRDO-BU-Centre for Life sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India, 8 Department of Università degli Studi di Catania, Italy Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Reviewed by: Estonia, 9 Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Gustavo Molina, Arabia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Brazil Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with an increasing number of cases being Marian Brestic, reported annually. The elevated rate of mortality necessitates a global challenge to Slovak University of Agriculture, Slovakia explore newer sources of anticancer drugs. Recent advancements in cancer treatment *Correspondence: involve the discovery and development of new and improved chemotherapeutics derived Chandra N. -
Certificate of Analysis
National Institute of Standards and Technology Certificate of Analysis Standard Reference Material 2257 PBDE Congeners in 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane This Standard Reference Material (SRM) is a solution of 38 polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners in 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. This SRM is intended primarily for use in the calibration of chromatographic instrumentation used for the determination of PBDE congeners. A unit of SRM 2257 consists of five 2 mL ampoules, each containing approximately 1.2 mL of solution. Certified Concentrations of Constituents: The certified concentration values and estimated uncertainties for the select constituents, expressed as mass fractions, are given in Table 1 along with the Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Numbers. The certified concentration values are based on results obtained from the gravimetric preparation of this solution and from the analytical results determined by using gas chromatography. A NIST certified value is a value for which NIST has the highest confidence in its accuracy in that all known or suspected sources of bias have been investigated or accounted for by NIST [1]. The measurands are the total concentrations of analytes shown on Table 1. Values are metrologically traceable to the International System of Units (SI) derived unit for mass fraction expressed as micrograms per gram. Expiration of Certification: The certification of SRM 2257 is valid, within the measurement uncertainty specified, until 31 July 2028, provided the SRM is handled and stored in accordance with the instructions given in this certificate (see “Instructions for Handling, Storage, and Use”). The certification is nullified if the SRM is damaged, contaminated, or modified. -
And Dechlorane Plus (DP) Flame Retardants in Marine Mussels (Mytilus Galloprovincialis) Enrique Barón, Awantha Dissanayake, Judit Vila, Charlotte Crowther, James W
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Plymouth Marine Science Electronic Archive (PlyMSEA) Subscriber access provided by UNIV OF PLYMOUTH Article Evaluation of the genotoxic and physiological effects of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and dechlorane plus (DP) flame retardants in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Enrique Barón, Awantha Dissanayake, Judit Vila, Charlotte Crowther, James W. Readman, Awadhesh Jha, Ethel Eljarrat, and Damia Barcelo Environ. Sci. Technol., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05814 • Publication Date (Web): 01 Feb 2016 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on February 4, 2016 Just Accepted “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. They are posted online prior to technical editing, formatting for publication and author proofing. The American Chemical Society provides “Just Accepted” as a free service to the research community to expedite the dissemination of scientific material as soon as possible after acceptance. “Just Accepted” manuscripts appear in full in PDF format accompanied by an HTML abstract. “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been fully peer reviewed, but should not be considered the official version of record. They are accessible to all readers and citable by the Digital Object Identifier (DOI®). “Just Accepted” is an optional service offered to authors. Therefore, the “Just Accepted” Web site may not include all articles that will be published in the journal. After a manuscript is technically edited and formatted, it will be removed from the “Just Accepted” Web site and published as an ASAP article. Note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the manuscript text and/or graphics which could affect content, and all legal disclaimers and ethical guidelines that apply to the journal pertain. -
Xanthone Dimers: a Compound Family Which Is Both Common and Privileged
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Natural Product Reports. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Electronic supplementary information (ESI) for Natural Product Reports SUPPORTING INFORMATION Xanthone Dimers: A Compound Family which is both Common and Privileged. Tim Wezeman,a Stefan Bräsea,b* and Kye-Simeon Mastersc* a Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, Fax: (+49) 721 6084 8581, Email: [email protected] b Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany c School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering (CPME), Faculty of Science and Engineering (SEF), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia E-mail: [email protected] The ‘Supporting Information’ is a supplementary data illustrating the structural features of biaryl linked xanthones, the natural sources from which the di- and trimeric xanthones have been extracted and a summary of all the available biological activities for the discussed xanthones. The ‘Supporting Information’ was composed of three parts: Table S1 Structural Features of Biaryl Linked Xanthones Table S2 Dimeric and Trimeric Xanthones and their natural sources Table S3 Summary of all the available biological activities for the xanthone dimers References Table S1: Structural Features of Biaryl Linked Xanthones Compound Number Linka Methylation -
Synthesis of Organobromines As a Tool for Their Characterisation and Environmental Occurrence Assessment
Synthesis of organobromines as a tool for their characterisation and environmental occurrence assessment Andreas Rydén Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Stockholm 2013 i Doctoral Thesis 2013 Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden Abstract Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been intensively used as flame retardants (FRs) and have become ubiquitous environmental pollutants. PBDEs form hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) as metabolites. Further, some OH-PBDEs and methoxy-PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs) are natural products. These are all compounds of environmental and health concern and it is therefore important to confirm their identity and to assess their environmental levels and toxicities. Hence, it is vital to obtain authentic reference standards of individual PBDEs and OH/MeO-PBDEs. The thesis main aim was to develop synthesis methods of congener specific PBDEs, OH- and MeO-PBDEs. The second aim was to identify and quantify PBDEs, OH- and MeO-PBDEs in environmental samples. The third was to propose an abbreviation system for FRs. O-Arylation of brominated phenols, using either symmetrical or unsymmetrical brominated diphenyliodonium salts, was selected for synthesis of PBDEs and OH- /MeO-PBDEs. A total of 16 MeO-PBDEs, 11 OH-PBDEs, 1 diMeO-PBDE and 1 EtO-MeO-PBDE were synthesised. Three novel unsymmetrical diaryliodonium triflates were synthesised and used in synthesis. Optimisations were made to construct a reliable general method for congener specific PBDE synthesis, which was used in the synthesis of 8 representative PBDE congeners. The products were generally characterised by electron ionisation mass spectrometry (EIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. -
View PDF Version
RSC Advances View Article Online PAPER View Journal | View Issue Daldinone derivatives from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon sp.† Cite this: RSC Adv.,2017,7,5381 ab c d d Yang Liu, Fabian Stuhldreier, Tibor Kurtan,´ Attila Mandi,´ e f c c Sathishkumar Arumugam, Wenhan Lin, Bjorn¨ Stork, Sebastian Wesselborg, Horst Weber,g Birgit Henrich,h Georgios Daletos*a and Peter Proksch*a Two new benzo[j]fluoranthene metabolites, daldinones H, J (1 and 3), and the likewise undescribed artefact, daldinone I (2), along with six known compounds (4–9) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon sp. that was obtained from the Mangrove plant Rhizophora racemosa collected in Cameroon. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR as well as by HRESIMS and ECD spectra analysis. Co-cultivation of this fungus with the actinomycetes Streptomyces lividans or with Streptomyces coelicolor resulted in an up to 38-fold increase of 1-hydroxy-8- methoxynaphthalene (9), while no significant induction was detected when the fungus was co-cultivated either with Bacillus subtilis or with Bacillus cereus. Compound 2 exhibited strong to moderate Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. cytotoxicity against Ramos and Jurkat J16 cells with IC50 values of 6.6 and 14.1 mM, respectively. Received 24th November 2016 Mechanistic studies indicated that compound 2 induces apoptotic cell death caused by induction of Accepted 30th December 2016 intrinsic apoptosis. Moreover, 2 potently blocks autophagy, a potential pro-survival pathway for cancer DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27306h cells. Feeding experiments with 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) led to an enhanced accumulation of www.rsc.org/advances daldinone B (6), which supported the proposed biogenetic pathway. -
Diphenyl and Phenyl Ether Method Number: PV2022 Target Concentration
Diphenyl and Phenyl ether Method number: PV2022 Target concentration: Diphenyl 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) OSHA TWA PEL Phenyl ether 1 ppm (7 mg/m3) OSHA TWA PEL Phenyl ether-Biphenyl mixture 1 ppm (7 mg/m3) OSHA TWA PEL Procedure: Samples are collected by drawing a known volume of air through an XAD-7 tube. Samples are desorbed with carbon disulfide and analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Air volume and sampling rate studied: 100 minutes at 0.2 Lpm (20 L) Status of method: Partially Validated method. This method has been only partially evaluated and is presented for information and trial use. May 1988 Mary E. Eide SOLVENTS BRANCH OSHA Salt Lake Technical Center Salt Lake City UT 84115-1802 1 of 11 1 General Discussion 1.1 Background 1.1.1 History of procedure The OSHA Laboratory recently received air samples collected on XAD-7 sample tubes requesting analysis for diphenyl and phenyl ether. Desorption with carbon disulfide was tried and found to give desorption efficiencies of 99.7% for diphenyl and 98.6% for phenyl ether. Storage and retention efficiencies were similar. 1.1.2 Potential workplace exposure (Ref 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3) Diphenyl-phenyl ether mixture is used as a heat transfer agent. Diphenyl is also used as a fungistat for citrus fruit on wrappers and cardboard boxes and in organic synthesis. Phenyl ether is used in perfumes, soaps, and organic synthesis. 1.1.3 Toxic Effects (This section is for information purposes and should not be taken as the basis for OSHA policy.) (Ref 5.1 and 5.3) The mixture of diphenyl and phenyl ether is mildly irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, and can cause nausea.