EBU PX-S01/S01A Substation Equipment—Power Transformer, All Ratings and Substation Equipment—Transformer-Specific Requirements
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Zilano Design for "Reverse Tesla Coil" Free Energy Generator
Zilano Design for "Reverse Tesla Coil" Free Energy Generator Summary Document A for Beginners by Vrand Thank you Zilano for sharing your very interesting design and we all wish you the very best, keep up the good work! Energetic Forum http://www.energeticforum.com/renewable-energy/ This is a short document describing the work of Zilano as posted on the Don Smith Devices thread at the Energetic Forum so that other researchers can experiment and build their own working free energy generator to power their homes. Zilano stated that this design was based on the combination works of Don Smith, Tesla, Dynatron, Kapanadze and others. Design Summary Key points : - "Reverse Tesla Coil" (in this document) - Conversion of high frequency AC (35kHz) to 50-60Hz (not in this document) "Reverse Tesla Coil" is where the spark gap pulsed DC voltage from a 4000 volt (4kv) 30 kHz NST (neon sign transformer) goes into an air coil primary P of high inductance (80 turns thin wire) that then "steps down" the voltage to 240 volts AC a low inductance Secondary coil centered over the primary coil (5 turns bifilar, center tap, thick wire) with high amperage output. The high frequency (35kHz) AC output can then power loads (light bulbs) or can be rectified to DC to power DC loads. Copper coated welding rods can be inserted into the air coil to increase the inductance of the air coil primary that then increases the output amperage from the secondary coil to the loads. See the below diagram 1 : Parts List - NST 4KV 20-35KHZ - D1 high voltage diode - SG1 SG2 spark gaps - C1 primary tuning HV capacitor - P Primary of air coil, on 2" PVC tube, 80 turns of 6mm wire - S Secondary 3" coil over primary coil, 5 turns bifilar (5 turns CW & 5 turns CCW) of thick wire (up to 16mm) with center tap to ground. -
TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS for DIOXIN-LIKE Pcbs
Chemosphere, Vol. 28, No. 6, pp. 1049-1067, 1994 Perl~amon ELsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain 0045-6535/94 $6.00+0.00 0045-6535(94)E0070-A TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS FOR DIOXIN-LIKE PCBs Report on a WHO-ECEH and IPCS consultation, December 1993 Ahlborg UG 1., Becking GC 2, Birnbaum LS 3, Brouwer A 4, Derks HJGM s, Feeley M6, Color G 7, Hanberg A 1, Larsen JC s, Liem AKD s, Safe SH9, Schlatter C 10, Wvern F 1, Younes M 11, Yrj~inheikki E 12 1 Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden 2IPCS/IRRU, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; 3USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; 4Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; 5Nan Inst Publ Health and Environmental Protection, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; C~Iealth and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Canada; 7Freie Universit~t Berlin, Bedin-Dahlem, Germany; 8National Food Agency, S~aorg, Denmark; 9Texas A & M University, College Station TX, USA; l°Swiss Federal Institute of Toxicology, Schwerzenbach, Ziirich, Switzerland; 11WHOEuropean Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; 12Occupational Safety and Health Division, Tampere, Finland (Received in Germany 10 February 1994; accepted 16 February 1994) ABSTRACT The WHO-European Centre for Environment and Health (WHO-ECEH) and the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), have initiated a project to create a data base containing information relevant to the setting of Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs), and, based on the available information, to assess the relative potencies and to derive consensus TEFs for PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs. Available data on the relative toxicities of dioxin-like PCBs with respect to a number of endpoints were collected and analyzed. -
The Role of Exercise in Polychlorinated Biphenyl Induced Cardiovascular Disease
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Nutritional Sciences Nutritional Sciences 2014 The Role of Exercise in Polychlorinated Biphenyl Induced Cardiovascular Disease Margaret O'Bryan Murphy University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Murphy, Margaret O'Bryan, "The Role of Exercise in Polychlorinated Biphenyl Induced Cardiovascular Disease" (2014). Theses and Dissertations--Nutritional Sciences. 13. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/nutrisci_etds/13 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Nutritional Sciences at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Nutritional Sciences by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies. -
Flux-Balance Control for LLC Resonant Converters with Center-Tapped Transformers
energies Article Flux-Balance Control for LLC Resonant Converters with Center-Tapped Transformers Yuan-Chih Lin, Ding-Tang Chen and Ching-Jan Chen * Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +886-2-3366-3366 (ext. 348) Received: 9 July 2019; Accepted: 19 August 2019; Published: 21 August 2019 Abstract: LLC resonant converters with center-tapped transformers are widely used. However, these converters suffer from a flux walking issue, which causes a larger output ripple and possible transformer saturation. In this paper, a flux-balance control strategy is proposed for resolving the flux walking issue. First, the DC magnetizing current generated due to the mismatched secondary-side leakage inductances, and its effects on the voltage gain are analyzed. From the analysis, the flux-balance control strategy, which is based on the original output-voltage control loop, is proposed. Since the DC magnetizing current is not easily measured, a current sensing strategy with a current estimator is proposed, which only requires one current sensor and is easy to estimate the DC magnetizing current. Finally, a simulation scheme and a hardware prototype with rated output power 200 W, input voltage 380 V, and output voltage 20 V is constructed for verification. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy effectively reduces the DC magnetizing current and output voltage ripple at mismatched condition. Keywords: LLC resonant converter; center-tapped transformer; flux walking; flux-balance control loop; magnetizing current estimation 1. Introduction The LLC resonant converter is widely used in many different applications such as onboard chargers, server power systems, laptops, desktops, photovoltaic regeneration systems. -
Published Articles Balun Modeling for Differential Amplifiers
Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science 2019 WCECS 2019, October 22-24, 2019, San Francisco, USA Balun Modeling for Differential Amplifiers Kun Chen, Zheng Liu, Xuelin Hong, Ruinan Chang, and Weimin Sun Abstract—This work proposes an improved lumped element model. Particular for this core is an additional element which model for accurately characterizing transformer based baluns. will be shown later to play a critical role in modeling The model can accurately describe balun behaviors for both common mode behavior. Section III will derive the formulae differential and common modes. Lumped elements extraction from Y parameter is presented, and the relationship between for extracting the model elements from the Y parameter. In the proposed model and the classic compact transformer model Section IV, the differential, common and divider modes will is derived. Numerical results will be presented to validate the be analyzed separately, where we will justify the addition of accuracy of the proposed model. the extra element in the transformer core. Section V will Index Terms—balun modeling, transformer modeling, push- discuss the relationship of the proposed transformer core pull amplifiers, power amplifier (PA), compact model, differen- model with the popular compact model that is based on ideal tial mode, common mode, mutual inductance. transformers and leakage and magnitization inductances. Section VI will discuss the physics and modeling of the I. INTRODUCTION common mode mutual inductance. And in Section VII, some RANSFORMERS are important passive components straight-forward adaptations of the transformer core for more T which have various applications such as broadband accurate modeling of actual transformer baluns, followed by impedance matching, power combining and dividing. -
NO. 50 Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins
ICES TECHNIQUES IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES NO. 50 MAY 2012 Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in biota and sediment Katrin Vorkamp ● Patrick Roose ● Philippe Bersuder Lynda Webster ● Peter Lepom ● Catherine Munschy Rossana Bossi ● Jacek Tronczynski ● Jacob de Boer International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK‐1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: Vorkamp, K., Roose, P., Bersuder, P., Webster, L., Lepom, P., Munschy, C., Bossi, R., Tronczynski, J., and de Boer, J. 2012. Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐ dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls in biota and sediment. ICES Techniques in Marine Environmental Sciences No. 50. 23 pp. Series Editor: Paul D. Keizer For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply directly to the General Secretary. Correspondence concerning the details of any method or procedure should be directed to the author(s). This series presents detailed descriptions of methods and procedures relating to chemical and biological measurements in the marine environment. Most techniques described have been selected for documentation based on performance in ICES or other intercalibration or intercomparison exercises: they have been carefully evaluated and shown -
Agenda City of Vernon Regular City Council Meeting Tuesday, April 4, 2017, 9:00 A.M
California Public Records Act ("PRA"): In compliance with the PRA, the documents pertaining to agenda items, including attachments, which are presented to the City Council in open session are available for public inspection. They may be inspected during regular business hours in the Office of the City Clerk at Vernon City Hall, 4305 Santa Fe Avenue; Vernon, California 90058, no appointment necessary, and on the City’s website at www.cityofvernon.org. Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”): In compliance with the ADA, if you need special assistance to participate in the meeting, please contact the Office of the City Clerk at (323) 583-8811. Notification of at least 48 hours prior to the meeting or time when services are needed will assist the City staff in assuring that reasonable arrangements can be made to provide accessibility to the meeting or service. Agenda City of Vernon Regular City Council Meeting Tuesday, April 4, 2017, 9:00 a.m. City Hall, Council Chamber 4305 Santa Fe Avenue Vernon, California William J. Davis, Mayor Yvette Woodruff-Perez, Mayor Pro-Tem Luz Martinez, Council Member Melissa Ybarra, Council Member Leticia Lopez, Council Member CALL TO ORDER & FLAG SALUTE CHANGES TO THE AGENDA PUBLIC COMMENT - At this time the public is encouraged to address the City Council on any matter that is within the subject matter jurisdiction of the City Council. The public will also be given a chance to comment on matters which are on the posted agenda during City Council deliberation on those specific matters. PUBLIC HEARING 1. Ordinance No. 1241 - An Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Vernon amending various sections of the Vernon Municipal Code to clarify the functions and organization of the Department of Public Works; and repealing all ordinances or parts thereof in conflict therewith (first reading) Recommendation: A. -
Uzbek-PAD-11042016.Pdf
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: PAD1856 THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION AND THE INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A Public Disclosure Authorized PROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF US$58 MILLION AND A PROPOSED LOAN IN THE AMOUNT OF US$92 MILLION TO THE Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN FOR A MODERNIZATION AND UPGRADE OF TRANSMISSION SUBSTATIONS PROJECT NOVEMBER 2, 2016 Energy and Extractives Global Practice Europe and Central Asia Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the Public Disclosure Authorized performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective September 30, 2016) Currency Unit = Uzbekistan Som (UZS) US$1 = UZS 3,010.20 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CB Circuit Breaker CPF Country Partnership Framework CRP Country Risk Premium CQS Selection Based on Consultant’s Qualifications DC Direct Contracting DSCR Debt Service Coverage Ratio EA Environmental Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan ERP Equity Risk Premium ESMAP Energy Sector Management Assistance Program ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework FIRR Financial Internal Rate of Return FM Financial Management GDP Gross Domestic Product GHG Greenhouse Gas GIS Gas Insulated Switchgear GoU Government of Uzbekistan -
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
Diabetes Care 1 Daniel Ruiz,1 Marisol Becerra,2 Disparities in Environmental Jyotsna S. Jagai,3 Kerry Ard,2 and Exposures to Endocrine- Robert M. Sargis4 Disrupting Chemicals and Diabetes Risk in Vulnerable Populations https://doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2765 Burgeoning epidemiological, animal, and cellular data link environmental endocrine- disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to metabolic dysfunction. Disproportionate exposure to diabetes-associated EDCs may be an underappreciated contributor to disparities in metabolic disease risk. The burden of diabetes is not uniformly borne by American society; rather, this disease disproportionately affects certain populations, including African Americans, Latinos, and low-income individuals. The purpose of this study was to review the evidence linking unequal exposures to EDCs with racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic diabetes disparities in the U.S.; discuss social forces promoting these disparities; and explore potential interventions. Articles examining the links between chemical exposures and metabolic disease were extracted from the U.S. National REVIEW Library of Medicine for the period of 1966 to 3 December 2016. EDCs associated with diabetes in the literature were then searched for evidence of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic exposure disparities. Among Latinos, African Americans, and low- income individuals, numerous studies have reported significantly higher exposures to diabetogenic EDCs, including polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesti- cides, multiple chemical constituents of air pollution, -
Wireless Interconnect Using Inductive Coupling in 3D-Ics by Sang Wook
Wireless Interconnect using Inductive Coupling in 3D-ICs by Sang Wook Han A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Electrical Engineering) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Assistant Professor David D. Wentzloff, Chair Professor David Blaauw Professor Karl Grosh Professor John Patrick Hayes TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................... viii LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................... ix Chapter I. Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 I.1 3DIC ................................................................................................................. 4 I.2 Through-Silicon-Vias ....................................................................................... 7 I.3 Capacitive Coupling ......................................................................................... 8 I.4 Inductive Coupling ......................................................................................... 10 I.4.1 ... Inductive Data Link ................................................................................. 12 I.4.2 ... Inductive Power Link ............................................................................. -
Reliability Information Analysis Center (RIAC) Electronic Parts Reliability Data (EPRD) Part Category Descriptors
Reliability Information Analysis Center (RIAC) Electronic Parts Reliability Data (EPRD) Part Category Descriptors The following pages contain the descriptors of all part categories covered by the 4-Volume RIAC Publication “Electronic Parts Reliability Data”, Catalog No. EPRD-2014. -
Unit V Rectifiers, Block Oscillators and Timebase
RECTIFIERS • A rectifier is an electrical device that converts AC supply into unidirectional DC supply. • This process of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) is also called as rectification. • These bridge rectifiers are available in different packages as modules ranging from few amperes to several hundred amperes. • Mostly in bridge rectifier circuits, semiconductor diode is used for converting AC since it allows the current flow in one direction only (Unidirectional device) Half Wave Rectifier •It is a simple type of rectifier made with single diode which is connected in series with load. • For small power levels this type of rectifier circuit is commonly used. •During the positive half of the AC input, diode becomes forward biased and currents starts flowing through it. •During the negative half of the AC input, diode becomes reverse biased and current stops flowing through it. •Because of high ripple content in the output, this type of rectifier is seldom used with pure resistive load. • The output DC voltage of a half wave rectifier can be calculated with the following two ideal equations Advantage •Simple circuit and low cost Disadvantage •The output current in the load contains, in addition to dc component, ac components of basic frequency equal to that of the input voltage frequency. •Ripple factor is high and an elaborate filtering is, therefore, required to give steady dc output. •The power output and, therefore, rectification efficiency is quite low. This is due to the fact that power is delivered only half the time. •Transformer Utilization Factor (TUF) is low. •DC saturation of transformer core resulting in magnetizing current and hysteresis losses and generation of harmonics.