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Design a Basic Sport Program: Reference Material Design a Basic Sport Program: Reference Material Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Design a Basic Sport Program: Reference Material TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Background Information ......................................................................................... 1 Key Concepts ......................................................................................................................... 2 Sport Program......................................................................................................................2 Sport Form ...........................................................................................................................3 Overview of the Athlete’s Long-term Development ............................................................. 6 Early Specialization Sports ................................................................................................... 8 Definitions of Athletic Abilities ............................................................................................. 9 Importance of Physical and Motor Abilities by Sport Family............................................ 10 Athletic Abilities: Growth and Development Considerations ........................................... 13 Sample Sport Programs for Different Sport Families........................................................ 15 Types of Exercises and Their Use in Different Phases of a Sport Program .................... 24 Activity Planning Guidelines for Various Stages of Skill Development ........................... 25 Combining Athletic Abilities in Training ...............................................................................28 Section 2 Detailed Information on Sport Programs .............................................................. 29 Structure of a Sport Program.............................................................................................. 31 Periods and Phases of a Sport Program ............................................................................31 Types of Sport Programs ...................................................................................................32 Long-term Athlete Development ......................................................................................... 34 General Recommendations ...............................................................................................34 Challenges ........................................................................................................................... 36 Logistical Constraints .........................................................................................................36 Developmental Needs and Athletes’ Interests ....................................................................36 Athletic Development .........................................................................................................36 Common Issues and Possible Solutions ........................................................................... 38 Training Objectives and Methods ....................................................................................... 40 Types of Objectives in a Sport Program .............................................................................40 Objectives of Periods and Phases of Seasonal Sport Programs ........................................41 Types of Exercises and Their Use in Different Phases of a Sport Program .................... 44 General Exercises..............................................................................................................44 Specific Exercises ..............................................................................................................44 Competition Exercises .......................................................................................................45 The Use of Exercises in Different Phases of a Sport Program............................................47 Training Specific Athletic Abilities...................................................................................... 48 Motor Athletic Abilities (Agility, Balance, Coordination) .......................................................51 Progression Parameters in a Sport Program ..................................................................... 52 Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Design a Basic Sport Program: Reference Material Acknowledgements, References, and Glossary ................................................................... 55 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 56 References ........................................................................................................................... 57 Glossary ............................................................................................................................... 58 Appendices ............................................................................................................................. 61 Appendix 1 — General Process for Designing a Sport Program: Key Steps .................. 62 Determine the General Orientation of the Program ............................................................62 Establish the Structure of Your Program .............................................................................62 Determining the Training Priorities, Objectives, and Methods of a Given Week of Your Program .............................................................................................................................63 Appendix 2 — The Selection of Athletes............................................................................ 65 Possible Negative Impacts of Selection .............................................................................65 Selection Procedure and Criteria .......................................................................................66 Appendix 3 — Sample Planning Worksheets .................................................................... 69 The Collection, Use, and Disclosure of Personal Information The Coaching Association of Canada (CAC) in cooperation with its National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP) partners collect, use and disclose only such information from individuals as is required for the purpose of providing services or information to them, managing NCCP coach education records, conducting research and such other purposes as described in CAC’s Privacy Policy. CAC does not sell, trade, barter, or exchange for consideration any Personal Information obtained. CAC’s collection, use and disclosure of personal information shall be done in accordance with its Privacy Policy, a copy of which is available at www.coach.ca. Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Design a Basic Sport Program: Background Information SECTION 1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Page 1 Design a Basic Sport Program: Background Information KEY CONCEPTS Sport Program A sport program is a planned and progressive sequencing of activities. The nature, number, frequency, duration, and content of these activities is adapted to athletes' age and sport experience. The goal of the program is to foster athletes' athletic development and sport form over time. Main Components of a Sport Program Time Dimension: A program… q Usually has a well-defined beginning and end q Is of varying length (ranging from a few weeks to several months) q Is part of the long-term development of the athletes: where they’re starting, what they’ve done before, and what they should be able to do at the end of the program are all taken into account Events: A program consists of different types of events… q Sport events (practices, preparatory competition, regular competition, trials, playoffs, championships, tournaments, tests, etc.) q Social events (suppers, parties, awards ceremonies, distribution of prizes, etc.) q Administrative events (registration, equipment purchase, fund raising, parent meetings, meetings with league/club administrators, etc.) Intentions, Objectives, and Priorities: A program… q Takes into account athletes, their interests, and their individual needs q Takes into account the competitive demands of the sport q Has a clear purpose and philosophy (why it exists), focus (participation, development, excellence), desired outcome (goals and objectives), and method of operating (rules, policies, procedures) q Priorizes objectives, events, time devoted to certain activities, etc., given any constraints that apply q Makes its intentions, objectives, and priorities public, which helps justify choices and decisions q Has intentions, objectives, and priorities that are consistent with the values of the coach and the organization Page 2 Version 1.2, 2007 © Coaching Association of Canada Design a Basic Sport Program: Background Information Structure: A program… q Proposes activities that are organized and planned (level of detail and sophistication may vary) q Proposes a framework for providing certain services to athletes q Proposes links and ensures consistency among components (objectives, philosophy, priorities, athlete individual needs, activities, events) Progression: A program is characterized by… q Intentions, objectives, and priorities that may change as the season progresses q Evolving training activities and content, to reflect the intentions, objectives, and priorities
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