Micromobility: Moving Cities Into a Sustainable Future Building a More Sustainable Urban Around Europe

Micromobility: moving cities into a sustainable future Building a more sustainable urban around Europe. We were already transport system has been a central working with them to help them assess focus for cities globally with the goal the environmental impacts associated of creating a well-connected seamless with all the stages of the scooters mobility experience while reducing life-cycle and through our work we traffic, noise and pollution. Despite all knew they had an extensive database the careful planning by government of use data collected that we could officials to that end, the rise of utilize in our analysis. With Voi’s micromobility has been an unexpected, permission, we were able to take grassroots success story of recent a deep dive into data and test our years in the urban transport sector. hypotheses regarding the benefits of In cities across Europe, the US and scooter use. In addition, Voi gave us PRE Asia, thousands of users are taking permission to publish the data and advantage of a growing range of shared share the insights across the industry. micromobility options. E-scooters in particular are growing in popularity With Voi data in hand, we took at an incredible rate, surpassing our analysis one step further and an estimated 20 million users in interviewed city officials in major Europe alone. With this adoption cities across six European countries of micromobility and e-scooters to understand their view of the role growing at an unprecedented speed, of e-scooters for urban development. could e-scooters be the critical link Finally, to interpret the findings to help speed up a transition toward and derive recommendations for sustainable, people-centric cities that how cities can unlock the benefits leads to improved quality of life? Does of micromobility to create more micromobility truly deliver a sustainable sustainable and accessible cities, impact that can be replicated in cities we enlisted the help of EY subject- around the world? matter professionals across several practice areas, including Climate As market observers, we could see Change and Sustainability, Future of Contents the possibilities and opportunities Mobility and Strategy. that micromobility offered, but we At a glance ....................................... 4 needed real-world data to confirm We think you will find the resulting Micromobility — more than report interesting and enlightening. our hypotheses about the benefits of fun and games ................................ 6 an integrated multi-modal mobility Our aim is to transparently share A two-year old industry ecosystem. To find the data, we turned these relevant findings across the maturing fast ................................ 10 to one of our clients, Voi Technology, industry and derive recommendations one of the original scooter operator for collaboration between operators Environmental contribution pioneers in Europe with currently more and regulators to unlock the benefits of scooters ..................................... 18 of micromobility for cities around than 4+ million scooters in operation How can cities the world. unleash the potential of micromobility? ............................ 28 Thomas Holm Møller John Simlett The path to a sustainable Partner, Digital Leader EY Global Future of future ............................................... 32 EY-Parthenon (EY BOX) Mobility Leader Sources ........................................... 34 PRE FACE At a glance Rapid adoption of First Life-Cycle Adapted policies enable e-scooters indicates Assessment published e-scooters to support potential to transform by an operator shows sustainable mobility and urban mobility habits 71% reduction in enhance quality of life emissions over one year In the span of the last two years, E-scooters, however, are no silver e-scooters have evolved from a While early-stage practices drew bullet. Their main contribution lies in gadget to a sustainable shared criticism, the industry has innovated improving access to public transport micromobility option that may help and matured at tremendous speed, and supporting mobility behavior cities curb congestion and pollution improving their environmental impact transformation to reduce taxi and levels and improving quality of life. through new operational models and car trips in cities. To unlock their Featuring extraordinary adoption hardware. The EY Climate Change potential, it’s vital that governments rates — estimated to be four times and Sustainability Services practice and cities implement policies while faster than that of e-bike sharing conducted a full Life-Cycle Assessment addressing the challenges. That schemes, surpassing 20 million of an operator’s (Voi Technology) includes making clear regulations users in Europe — e-scooters have service. Voi agreed to be the first that foster responsible and the potential to serve as a catalyst operator to share these insights sustainable behavior and enabling toward post-car inner cities by publicly. Taking Voi’s Paris service as an access to micromobility infrastructure, becoming the missing last-mile example, we assessed current practices such as parking and lanes. complement to public transport and and the contribution of the latest helping change urban mobility habits. innovations and share our insights. Cities are taking different approaches We found that the combined initiatives to this mobility option, increasingly yielded a 71% reduction in emissions using tenders and licenses to cap since January 2019, resulting in the number of operators and set 35g CO equivalent per person per operational, safety and 2 kilometer, on par with many public sustainability requirements. transport options. Swappable battery scooters and cargo bike operations drive a 51% reduction. 4 Micromobility: moving cities into a sustainable future Contribution This report sets out to assess the Paris operations and have given us potential contribution of e-scooters insight into its key initiatives. Our to urban mobility and aim is to transparently share these decarbonization. It presents city relevant findings across the industry perspectives and considers the and derive recommendations for latest innovations of the rapidly collaboration between operators and evolving sector. Voi Technology regulators to unlock the benefits has given EY permission to publish of micromobility for active and the latest data collected for its sustainable cities. Life-Cycle Assessment based on its This information is based on a non-verified LCA study, performed by EY, considering the full life cycle of a Voi e-scooter service (model: Voiager 3) and based on data from Voi for the city of Paris. EY has performed the LCA study in line with the ISO 14040/44 standards, modeled using SimaPro 8.5.2, EcoInvent 3 database and ILCD 2011 Midpoint+ V1.10 / EC-JRC Global, equal weighting impact method. Micromobility: moving cities into a sustainable future 5 1 Micromobility — more than fun and games In cities across Europe, America and Asia, millions of people have adopted a growing range of shared micromobility options. While bike and e-bike sharing schemes have become increasingly popular over the past five years, no one anticipated the massive uptake of e-scooters. Overnight, people riding through cities on e-scooters have become a common sight around the world. Within two years of the first service’s launch by Bird, in Santa Monica, California, in September 2017, e-scooter sharing services have reached 626 cities across 53 countries.1 6 Micromobility: moving cities into a sustainable future Cities tackling demands of a growing population car-centric mobility and a modern economy. There is increasing awareness around the Today’s cities are facing alarming air burdens of car-centric mobility linked and CO2 pollution rates — with cars to pollution, noise and inefficient 2 626 as the main driver. Decarbonizing use of limited space. Post-car city urban transport is now a central focus road maps are becoming common. E-scooter sharing of global, national and city climate Paris has been first to set remarkable services have reached plans. The C40 network is challenging targets: zero diesel cars by 2024 626 cities across cities to draft high-ambition, Paris and zero fossil fuel cars by 2030, 53 countries since Agreement compatible climate plans, with Mayor Anne Hidalgo committing launching two years ago with cities like Paris, Stockholm and to green mobility and 1000 km of London paving the way. Cities must cycling lanes across the city with her reduce pollution, congestion and “15 minute city” plan. noise while meeting the mobility The burden of car-centric urban mobility • Climate change: transport is Europe’s largest source of GHG emissions, contributing to 27% of the EU’s total 2 CO2 emissions. • Air quality: air pollution levels exceed safe levels in many European cities, leading to premature deaths.3 • Noise: the EU estimates that 40% of Europeans are exposed to dangerous levels of road traffic-related noise, impacting mental health and well-being.4 • Congestion: the average person living in Paris spends 65 hours in traffic per year, compared with 49 in Munich and 35 in Stockholm, leading to a loss of productivity.5 Reduced commuting time is a strong predictor of well-being and has been linked to poverty alleviation. • Space: research in Stockholm shows that 50% of the city’s space is allocated to roads and car parking.6 This rate is similar across European cities.7 Micromobility: moving cities into a sustainable future 7 Micromobility: enabler of a We

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