Congressional Record—House H3755

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Congressional Record—House H3755 June 3, 2004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H3755 worldwide military operations. It may us to greater danger from more deter- cluded Richard N. Perle, the former chair- seem possible now because we have mined enemies. man of a Pentagon advisory group, and R. been afforded the historically unique A policy of nonintervention and stra- James Woolsey, director of central intel- ligence under President Bill Clinton. privilege of printing the world’s reserve tegic independence is the course we Members of the group, who had requested currency. should take if we are serious about the meeting, told Ms. Rice that they were in- Foreigners so far have been only too peace and prosperity. Liberty works. censed at what they view as the vilification willing to take our depreciating dollars of Mr. Chalabi, a favorite of conservatives f for their goods. Economic law eventu- who is now central to an F.B.I. investigation The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a ally will limit our ability to live off into who in the American government might previous order of the House, the gen- others by credit creation; and trust in have given him highly classified information tleman from Oregon (Mr. DEFAZIO) is the dollar will be diminished, if not de- that he is suspected of turning over to Iran. recognized for 5 minutes. Mr. Chalabi has denied that he provided stroyed. Those who hold these trillion- (Mr. DEFAZIO addressed the House. Iran with any classified information. plus dollars can hold us hostage if it The session with Ms. Rice was one sign of His remarks will appear hereafter in ever becomes in their interest. It may the turmoil that Mr. Chalabi’s travails have the Extensions of Remarks.) be that economic law and the hostility produced within an influential corner of toward the United States will combine f Washington, where Mr. Chalabi is still seen as a potential leader of Iraq. to precipitate an emotionally charged EXCHANGE OF SPECIAL ORDER ‘‘There is a smear campaign under way, rejection of the dollar. TIME and it is being perpetrated by the C.I.A. and That is when the true wealth of the the D.I.A. and a gaggle of former intelligence country will become self-evident, and Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. officers who have succeeded in planting we will no longer be able to afford the Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to these stories, which are accepted with hardly extravagant expense of pursuing an take the gentleman from Oregon’s (Mr. any scrutiny,’’ Mr. Perle, a leading conserv- American empire. No nation has ever DEFAZIO) time. ative, said in an interview. Mr. Perle, referring to both the Central In- been able to finance excessive foreign The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gen- telligence Agency and the Defense Intel- entanglements and domestic entitle- ligence Agency, said the campaign against ments through printing-press money tleman from Massachusetts? Mr. Chalabi was ‘‘an outrageous abuse of and borrowing from abroad. There was no objection. power’’ by United States government offi- It is time we reconsider the advice of f cials in Washington and Baghdad. the Founding Fathers and the guide- ‘‘I’m talking about Jerry Bremer, for one,’’ lines of the Constitution, which coun- THE INCOMPETENCE MUST STOP Mr. Perle said, referring to L. Paul Bremer III, the top American administrator of the sels a foreign policy of nonintervention The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Coalition Provisional Authority in charge of and strategic independence. Setting a previous order of the House, the gen- the occupation of Iraq. ‘‘I don’t know who good example is a far better way to tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. gave these orders, but there is no question spread American ideals than through FRANK) is recognized for 5 minutes. that the C.P.A. was involved.’’ force of arms. Trading with nations, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. In Baghdad, coalition authorities vigor- without interference by international Speaker, sadly I am here to talk about ously denied Mr. Perle’s assertion. ‘‘Jerry government regulators, is superior to Bremer didn’t initiate the investigation,’’ what we cannot ignore: the sad, sad Dan Senor, the spokesman for the Coalition sanctions and tariffs that too often chronicle of incompetence and blunder Provisional Authority, said in a telephone plant the seeds of war. which marks this administration’s con- interview. The principle of self-determination duct of national security policy. Similarly, Mark Mansfield, a C.I.A. spokes- should be permitted for all nations and I do not think in the history of the man, called Mr. Perle’s accusation that the all demographically defined groups. United States there has been a major agency was smearing Mr. Chalabi ‘‘absurd.’’ The world tolerated the breakup of the national security effort handled so A Defense Department official who asked not ruthless Soviet and Yugoslavian sys- to be named said that Mr. Perle’s accusa- badly. I voted against the war in Iraq. tions against the D.I.A. had no foundation. tems rather well, even as certain na- I voted for the war in Afghanistan, and Mr. Chalabi has been a divisive figure for tional and ethnic groups demanded I am glad I did. I voted against the war years in Washington, where top Pentagon of- self-determination and independence. in Iraq because I did not think it was ficials favored him as a future leader of Iraq This principle is the source of the so- justified, and I feel vindicated in that and top State Department officials dis- lution for Iraq. judgment; but even for those who trusted him as unreliable. Either way, Mr. Instead of the incessant chant about thought it was justified, I do not un- Chalabi and his exile group, the Iraqi Na- us forcing democracy on others, why tional Congress, fed intelligence to the Bush derstand how they can fail to join in administration about Iraq’s unconventional not read our history and see how 13 na- the criticism of the shambles this ad- tions joined together to form a loose- weapons that helped drive the administra- ministration has made of the policy. tion toward war. knit republic with emphasis on local I will insert in the RECORD here, Mr. Intelligence officials now argue that some self-government. Part of the problem Speaker, an article by Elisabeth of the intelligence was fabricated, and that with our effort to reorder Iraq is that Bumiller from the May 29 New York Mr. Chalabi’s motives were to push the the best solution is something we have Times, and the headline is ‘‘Conserv- United States into toppling Saddam Hussein and pave the way for his installation as essentially rejected here in the United ative Allies Take Chalabi Case to the States. It would make a lot more sense Iraqi’s new leader. White House.’’ Although Mr. Chalabi’s supporters outside to concentrate on rebuilding our Re- [From the New York Times, May 29, 2004] the administration have been caustic in public, emphasizing the principles of CONSERVATIVE ALLIES TAKE CHALABI CASE TO their comments about his treatment, there private property, free markets, trade THE WHITE HOUSE has been relative silence so far from Mr. and personal liberty here at home rath- Chalabi’s supporters within the administra- (By Elisabeth Bumiller) er than pursuing war abroad. If this tion. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul D. were done, we would not be a mili- WASHINGTON, May 28—Influential out- Wolfowitz, who favored going to war in Iraq side advisers to the Bush administration who and was a patron of Mr. Chalabi, did not re- taristic state spending ourselves into support the Iraqi exile leader Ahmad Chalabi bankruptcy, and government benefits spond to numerous requests this week for an are pressing the White House to stop what interview. to the untold thousands of corpora- one has called a ‘‘smear campaign,’’ against Mr. Wolfowitz’s spokesman, Charley Coo- tions and special interests would be de- Mr. Chalabi, whose Baghdad home and of- per, said in an e-mail message that Mr. nied. fices were ransacked last week in an Amer- Wolfowitz believed that Mr. Chalabi and the True defense is diminished when ican-supported raid. Iraqi National Congress ‘‘have provided valu- money and energy are consumed by ac- Last Saturday, several of these Chalabi able operational intelligence to our military tivities outside the scope of specifi- supporters said, a small delegation of them forces in Iraq, which has helped save Amer- cally protecting our national interests. marched into the West Wing office of ican lives.’’ Mr. Cooper added in the message Condoleezza Rice, the national security ad- Diverting resources away from defense that ‘‘Secretary Wolfowitz hopes that the viser, to complain about the administra- events of the last few weeks haven’t under- and the protection of our borders, tion’s abrupt change of heart about Mr. mined that.’’ while antagonizing so many around the Chalabi and to register their concerns about The current views of Vice President Dick world, would actually serve to expose the course of the war in Iraq. The group in- Cheney and his chief of staff, I. Lewis Libby, VerDate May 21 2004 02:34 Jun 04, 2004 Jkt 029060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4634 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\K03JN7.081 H03PT1.
Recommended publications
  • Trend Analysis the Israeli Unit 8200 an OSINT-Based Study CSS
    CSS CYBER DEFENSE PROJECT Trend Analysis The Israeli Unit 8200 An OSINT-based study Zürich, December 2019 Risk and Resilience Team Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich Trend analysis: The Israeli Unit 8200 – An OSINT-based study Author: Sean Cordey © 2019 Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zurich Contact: Center for Security Studies Haldeneggsteig 4 ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Tel.: +41-44-632 40 25 [email protected] www.css.ethz.ch Analysis prepared by: Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zurich ETH-CSS project management: Tim Prior, Head of the Risk and Resilience Research Group, Myriam Dunn Cavelty, Deputy Head for Research and Teaching; Andreas Wenger, Director of the CSS Disclaimer: The opinions presented in this study exclusively reflect the authors’ views. Please cite as: Cordey, S. (2019). Trend Analysis: The Israeli Unit 8200 – An OSINT-based study. Center for Security Studies (CSS), ETH Zürich. 1 Trend analysis: The Israeli Unit 8200 – An OSINT-based study . Table of Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Historical Background 5 2.1 Pre-independence intelligence units 5 2.2 Post-independence unit: former capabilities, missions, mandate and techniques 5 2.3 The Yom Kippur War and its consequences 6 3 Operational Background 8 3.1 Unit mandate, activities and capabilities 8 3.2 Attributed and alleged operations 8 3.3 International efforts and cooperation 9 4 Organizational and Cultural Background 10 4.1 Organizational structure 10 Structure and sub-units 10 Infrastructure 11 4.2 Selection and training process 12 Attractiveness and motivation 12 Screening process 12 Selection process 13 Training process 13 Service, reserve and alumni 14 4.3 Internal culture 14 5 Discussion and Analysis 16 5.1 Strengths 16 5.2 Weaknesses 17 6 Conclusion and Recommendations 18 7 Glossary 20 8 Abbreviations 20 9 Bibliography 21 2 Trend analysis: The Israeli Unit 8200 – An OSINT-based study selection tests comprise a psychometric test, rigorous Executive Summary interviews, and an education/skills test.
    [Show full text]
  • Rebuilding Iraqi Television: a Personal Account
    Rebuilding Iraqi Television: A Personal Account By Gordon Robison Senior Fellow USC Annenberg School of Communication October, 2004 A Project of the USC Center on Public Diplomacy Middle East Media Project USC Center on Public Diplomacy 3502 Watt Way, Suite 103 Los Angeles, CA 90089-0281 www.uscpublicdiplomacy.org USC Center on Public Diplomacy – Middle East Media Project Rebuilding Iraqi Television: A Personal Account By Gordon Robison Senior Fellow, USC Annenberg School of Communication October 27, 2003 was the first day of Ramadan. It was also my first day at a new job as a contractor with the Coalition Provisional Authority, the American-led administration in Occupied Iraq. I had been hired to oversee the news department at Iraqi television. I had been at the station barely an hour when news of a major attack broke: at 8:30am a car bomb had leveled the Red Cross headquarters. The blast was enormous, and was heard across half the city. When the pictures began to come in soon afterwards they were horrific. The death toll began to mount. Then came word of more explosions: car bombs destroying three Iraqi police stations. A fourth police station was targeted but the bomber was intercepted in route. At times like this the atmosphere in the newsroom at CNN, the BBC or even a local television station is focused, if somewhat chaotic. Most news operations have a plan for dealing with big, breaking stories. Things in the newsroom move quickly, and they can get very stressful, but things do happen. Also, this was hardly the first time an atrocity like this had taken place.
    [Show full text]
  • Hudson News and Review
    HUDSON INSTITUTE News & Review WWW.HUDSON.ORG SUMMER 2008 HUDSON LAUNCHES 2008 INDEX OF GLOBAL PHILANTHROPY The core product of Hudson Institute’s Center for Global Prosperity, under the direction of Senior Fellow Carol Adelman, is the annual Index of Global Philanthropy, which details the sources and magnitude of private giving to the HUSAIN HAQQANI developing world. As the only comprehensive guide to private assistance and for- eign aid, the Index reframes the discussion about the roles of the public and pri- named Pakistan’s vate foreign aid sectors by showing that the full scale of a country’s generosity Ambassador to includes tremendous assistance from the private sector. The Index demonstrates the United States that the most effective philanthropic bridge between industrialized countries and developing nations is built on private philanthropy, volunteerism, remittances, HUSAIN HAQQANI, a Fellow and public-private partnerships, not exclusively on official foreign aid. with Hudson’s Center for Islam, This year’s Index, released in May, breaks new ground with the results from the Democracy, and the Future of the first ever national random-sample survey of religious giving in the United States, Muslim World, who also co-edits undertaken by the University of Notre Dame’s Center for the Study of Religion the center’s journal Current Trends and Society, in partnership with the Center for Global Prosperity. The survey doc- in Islamist Ideology, has been offi- uments $8.8 billion in disaster and development assistance from U.S. religious cially designated Pakistan’s new Ambassador to the United States. congregations in 2006, the reference year for the Index.
    [Show full text]
  • The Israeli Economy April 28, 2014 – May 2, 2014
    THE TIKVAH FUND 165 E. 56th Street New York, New York 10022 UPDATED APRIL 23, 2014 The Israeli Economy April 28, 2014 – May 2, 2014 Roger Hertog, Dan Senor, and Ohad Reifen I. Description: Like much about the modern Jewish State, the Israeli economy is an improbable, fascinating, and precarious mix of great achievements and looming challenges. The legacy of its socialist past persists in many sectors of the economy and in the provision of many social services. And yet, Israel has emerged as one of the most dynamic, creative, entrepreneurial start-up economies in the world. Amid the recent economic downturn, the Israeli economy has fared well by comparison to most other advanced democracies. And yet, some of the pro-growth reforms of the recent past are under increasing political pressure. And for all the dynamism of its entrepreneurial class, the fastest growing sectors of Israeli society—the Haredim and the Arabs—are, comparatively, not well trained and not fully integrated into the work-force. For the Jewish State, economic success is a strategic—indeed, an existential—issue. Like all modern nations, Israel and its people yearn for a better life: more opportunity, more meaningful work, greater wealth for oneself and one’s family. And like all decent societies, Israel seeks an economy that serves and reflects the moral aspirations of its citizens, balancing a safety net for those in need and a culture of economic independence and initiative. But Israel is also different: economic stagnation would make it impossible to sustain the national power necessary to deter and confront its enemies, while exacerbating social tensions and fault lines between the various sectors of Israeli society.
    [Show full text]
  • Democratization in Iraq by Kate Lotz and Tim Melvin
    H UMAN R IGHTS & H UMAN W ELFARE Democratization in Iraq by Kate Lotz and Tim Melvin Prospects for political and economic success in Iraq are uncertain. The U.S.-led effort can fail in many ways, notably by a loss of political will in the face of terrorism and weak allies. On the other hand, success could change the shape of political institutions throughout the Middle East (Robert J. Barro in Business Week, April 5, 2004). In great numbers and under great risk, Iraqis have shown their commitment to democracy. By participating in free elections, the Iraqi people have firmly rejected the anti-democratic ideology of the terrorists. They have refused to be intimidated by thugs and assassins. And they have demonstrated the kind of courage that is always the foundation of self-government (George W. Bush, from Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, February 7, 2005). Restructuring Iraq's political system will be laden with difficulties, but it will certainly be feasible. At the same time, the blueprint for Iraq's democracy must reflect the unique features of Iraqi society. Once the system is in place, its benefits will quickly become evident to Iraq's various communities; if it brings economic prosperity (hardly unlikely given the country's wealth), the postwar structure will gradually, yet surely, acquire legitimacy (Adeed and Karen Dawisha in Foreign Affairs, May/June 2003). With the war in Iraq over, Coalition forces are still present as the cultivation of Iraqi democracy is underway. Coalition-led democratization in Iraq will prove to be a lengthy and complex objective, but one which will be pursued until successfully accomplished.
    [Show full text]
  • Obama's Foreign Policy Spells America's Decline.” Now, This Is a Debate
    Intelligence Squared U.S. - 1 - 5/11/2010 Intelligence Squared U.S. Contact Publicist: Eileen Murphy 590 Madison Avenue, 30 th Fl. T: 917-913-2233 New York, NY 10022 [email protected] May 11, 2010 Obama’s foreign policy spells America’s decline For the motion: Dan Senor and Mort Zuckerman Against the motion: Wesley Clark and Bernard-Henri Lévy Moderator: John Donvan RESULTS Before the debate: After the debate: 23% FOR 34% FOR 45% AGAINST 58% AGAINST 32% UNDECIDED 8% UNDECIDED Robert Rosenkranz: Proponents of tonight’s motion will say that President Obama is alienating our allies. He has snubbed the British and distanced himself from the Israelis. India feels it is taking a back seat to cozier relations with China. The Poles and Czechs are troubled that we cancelled long-planned, missile defense installations, presumably in the interests of better relations with Russia. Obama has committed vast American military resources to shoring up the corrupt Karzai government in Afghanistan, but hasn’t allocated a single dollar of the stimulus package to defense spending. And finally, his administration wasted a year on diplomacy with Iran. We are finally pushing a sanctions regime which will, at best, be watered down by the Russians and Chinese. Whatever the rhetoric, we seem to be acquiescing to an Iranian nuclear bomb. The actions of his administration accommodate our adversaries by respecting their domestic political institutions and their regional hegemony. In the words of historian Robert Kagan, “Instead of trying to reverse the decline of American power, they are reorienting American foreign policy to adjust to it.” The counter argument is that the substance of Obama’s policy simply represents a new realism in foreign affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Corrected Version Aysegul Keskin Zeren
    IRAQ’S DE-BA`THIFICATION: RATIONALES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CONTESTED TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE MECHANISM A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Aysegul Keskin Zeren January 2014 Dissertation written by Aysegul Keskin Zeren B.A., Istanbul Bilgi University, 2005 M.A., Sabanci University, 2007 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2014 Approved by Patrick G. Coy, Co-Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Landon E. Hancock, Co-Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Andrew Barnes, Committee Member Pete W. Moore, Outside Committee Member C. Lockwood Reynolds, Graduate Faculty Member Accepted by Andrew Barnes, Chair, Department of Political Science Raymond Craig, Associate Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ............................................................................................................... VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................. IX CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 12 1.1 Research Question and Argument ........................................................................... 12 1.2 Transitional Justice .................................................................................................. 17 1.3 The Case: De-Ba`thification .................................................................................... 22 1.4 Structure of the Dissertation
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 Annual Report
    Hudson Institute 2008 annual report Hudson Institute is a nonpartisan, independent policy research With offices in Washington and New York, Hudson seeks to organization dedicated to innovative research and analysis that guide public policy makers and global leaders in government promotes global security, prosperity, and freedom. and business through a vigorous program of publications, con- ferences, and policy briefings and recommendations. Founded in 1961 by strategist Herman Kahn, Hudson Institute challenges conventional thinking and helps manage strategic Hudson Institute is a 501(c)(3) organization financed by tax- transitions to the future through interdisciplinary studies in deductible contributions from private individuals, corporations, defense, international relations, economics, health care, tech- foundations, and by government grants. nology, culture, and law. CONTENTS 4 Message from the Chairman, CEO, and President 6 International Security, Foreign Policy, and Global Affairs 20 Economics, Trade, and Science 24 Society, Culture, and Philanthropy 27 Hudson New York 28 Hudson History and Herman Kahn 30 Outreach 33 Hudson Institute Press 35 Support for Hudson 36 Finances 37 In Memoriam 38 Hudson Scholars and Centers 40 Hudson Leadership “Hudson Institute is one of America’s foremost policy research centers, known and respected around the globe, a leader in innovative thinking and creative solutions for challenges of the present and future.” –HENRY KISSINGER 2008 annual report 3 Message from the Chairman, CEO, and President F inancial upheaval, a historic presidential elec- denced by the introduction of significant legislative re- tion, turmoil in the oil markets, and the threat of a form to combat sex trafficking; the willingness of former nuclear Iran dominated the news in 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing Clinical Legal Education Into Iraqi Law Schools
    Toward a Rule Of Law Society In Iraq: Introducing Clinical Legal Education into Iraqi Law Schools By Haider Ala Hamoudi* INTRODUCTION The current condition of Iraqi law schools is extremely poor. 1 Once among the most prestigious in the Middle East,2 law schools in Iraq have deteriorated substantially during the past two decades for several reasons. First, the totalitar- ian regime of Saddam Hussein, hostile to the rule of law and to the establish- ment of consistent legal order, viewed the legal system and its educational component with suspicion. 3 Thus, the former regime underfunded, 4 understaf- * Clinical Educational Specialist, International Human Rights Law Institute, DePaul Univer- sity School of Law; J.D., Columbia University School of Law, 1996. 1. Given the near total absence of scholarly research on the subject of Iraqi universities prior to the fall of Saddam Hussein, there is very little written information available respecting the current condition of the law schools. As a result, much of the information contained in this article has been gathered through personal observations and numerous interviews with the deans, faculty, staff, and students of various Iraqi law schools, as well as Iraqi lawyers and judges. In all, my colleagues and I have spoken with hundreds of people since December 2003. For reasons of both clarity and security, I do not refer to each of the persons with whom I spoke or the exact dates on which I spoke with them, but rather refer to all such discussions collectively as "Conversations." 2. Eric Davis, Baghdad's Buried Treasure, N.Y.
    [Show full text]
  • The Narrative Narrative | Huffpost
    The Narrative Narrative | HuffPost US EDITION THE BLOG The Narrative Narrative By Marty Kaplan 11/18/2007 01:36 pm ET | Updated May 25, 2011 Meta makes the MSM go round. Reality isn’t real any more; to the press, all the world’s a stage. Or rather, all the world’s an onstage and a backstage. Candidates don’t have beliefs; they have positions. Campaigns don’t have meanings; they have narratives. In the postmodern funhouse that imprisons prestige media, the job isn’t to cover events, but rather to reveal their theatricality; the trick isn’t to find truth, but to disclose “framing”; the task isn’t to establish facts, but to transform them into he-said/she-said Mexican standoffs. The Washington Post‘s coverage of the CNN circus in Las Vegas set the tone: “For Clinton, it was a chance to change the story line.” Not only is this a depressing observation about what politics has become, and a dispiriting illustration of what political coverage has turned into; it’s also, tragically, true. Was there anyone in that Nevada audience who believed that Hillary’s asbestos pantsuit line wasn’t scripted in debate prep? Did anyone mourn when the rhetorical role reversal of Obama and Clinton on drivers licenses for illegals actually meant a victory for Dobbsian demagoguery on immigration reform? Did any candidate care that the price for delivering this sexy spectacle to CNN was Wolf Blitzer’s bearbaiting and Campbell Brown’s (Mrs. Dan Senor’s) branding? As far as the media’s concerned, the purpose of politics isn’t democracy; it’s to provide product that’s not-boring.
    [Show full text]
  • The “Obama Doctrine” in the Middle East
    A joint publication from the Institute for Social Policy and Understanding, POLICY BRIEF the Duke Islamic Studies Center, and ISLAMiCommentary OCTOBER 2012 THE “OBAMA DOCTRINE” IN THE MIDDLE EAST Fawaz A. Gerges, ISPU Fellow Presidential doctrines have been used to articulate nations: “Recall that earlier generations faced down America’s foreign policy and worldview since the fascism and communism not just with missiles and presidency of James Monroe. However, only a few tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. doctrines have succeeded at outlining a strategic vision They understood that our power alone cannot protect of the United States’ role in international affairs. The us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please.”2 He Truman Doctrine (1947) and Eisenhower Doctrine (1957) starkly contrasted his foreign policy vision of realism, centered on curtailing the spread of Communism and pragmatism, and restraint with that of President George expanding America’s global influence during the Cold W. Bush. America longed for normalcy, military de- War. In the post–Cold War era, presidential doctrines escalation, and above all a refocus on the home front encapsulated new strategies to meet the challenges rather than on the behaviour of dictators in distant lands. of an unfamiliar, unipolar world and have increasingly As challenges in the Middle East heat up in the wake dealt with the greater Middle East as a strategic space. of the Arab Spring, the recent anti-Islam video, a pending While his predecessors have articulated foreign war with Iran, shifting tides in Syria and Afghanistan, policy doctrines that address specific ideologies or and the recent ground-swell of protest and violence geographies, when asked to describe the “Obama following the assassination of US Ambassador to Libya doctrine,” the President has chosen not to respond Chris Stevens, it is a good time to assess Obama’s directly, but explained that the United States must act foreign policy towards the Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • The PNAC (1997–2006) and the Post-Cold War 'Neoconservative Moment' Written by Pierre Bourgois
    The PNAC (1997–2006) and the Post-Cold War 'Neoconservative Moment' Written by Pierre Bourgois This PDF is auto-generated for reference only. As such, it may contain some conversion errors and/or missing information. For all formal use please refer to the official version on the website, as linked below. The PNAC (1997–2006) and the Post-Cold War 'Neoconservative Moment' https://www.e-ir.info/2020/02/01/new-american-century-1997-2006-and-the-post-cold-war-neoconservative-moment/ PIERRE BOURGOIS, FEB 1 2020 Extract from an article originally published, in French, in the journal Politique américaine (n° 31, November 2018, p. 173-198). The Project for the New American Century–PNAC, founded in 1997 by William Kristol and Robert Kagan, is generally considered to be a mainly neoconservative think tank. One of the major objectives for the organization, active from 1997 to 2006, was “to promote American global leadership” (PNAC 1997a). During this time, members of the PNAC were looking to develop the emerging “Neo-Reaganian” American policy. According to their “Statement of Principles” published in June 1997, pursuing such a strong interventionist and moral clarity foreign policy is the only way to guarantee the security and greatness of the United States in the 21st century (PNAC 1997b). Throughout its years of activity, the PNAC played an essential role in the construction and consolidation of the “neoconservative network.” Sharing its offices with those of the neoconservative beacon The Weekly Standard, both of which were housed within the walls of the American Enterprise Institute–AEI, the PNAC managed to successfully place itself at the heart of this influential network.
    [Show full text]