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Structural Behavior of Bubbledeck* Slabs and Their Application to Lightweight Bridge Decks

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Structural Behavior of Bubbledeck* Slabs and Their Application to Lightweight Bridge Decks Structural Behavior of BubbleDeck* Slabs And Their Application to Lightweight Bridge Decks By Tina Lai Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, 2009 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering MAssAcHUSETTS INST1TUTE' in OF TECHNOLOGY Civil and Environmental Engineering JUL 15 2010 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology LABRARIES ARCHWiE8 June 2010 © 2010 Tina Lai All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. So Signature of Author:___________________________ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering May 7 h, 2010 Certified by: Jerome J. Connor Professarnf Civi nd Environm taLEngineering Accepted by: Daniele Veneziano Chairman, Departmental Committee for Graduate Students TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EX EC UTIVE SUM M A RY .................................................................................................................. 5 2. IN TRO D UCTIO N................................................................................................................................6 2.1. CONCRETE FLOOR SYSTEM S ........................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1. Hollow -Core Slabs...................................................................................................................7 2.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT .................................................................................................................... 8 3. BUBBLEDECK * ................................................................................................................................. 10 3.1. M ATERIALS...................................................................................................................................10 3.2. SCHEMATIC DESIGN ...................................................................................................................... 10 3.3. TYPES OF BUBBLEDECK ............................................................................................................... 11 3.3.1. Type A - Filigree Elem ents................................................................................................. 11 3.3.2. Type B- Reinforcem ent M odules....................................................................................... 12 3.3.3. Type C- Finished Planks ........................................................................................................ 12 3.4. ADVANTAGES OF BUBBLEDECK ............................................................................................... 13 3.4.1. M aterial and W eight Reduction ............................................ 13 3.4.2. Structural Properties...............................................................................................................13 3.4.3. Construction and Tim e Savings ........................................................................................... 14 3.4.4. Cost Savings...........................................................................................................................15 3.4.5. Green Design ......................................................................................................................... 15 4. STRUCTURA L PRO PERTIES AND D ESIGN .............................................................................. 17 4.1. TECHNICAL CERTIFICATIONS........................................................................................................17 4.2. BENDING STIFFNESS AND DEFLECTION .................. ........................... ....................... 17 4.2.1. Approved Research................................................................................................................18 4.3. SHEAR STRENGTH ......................................................................................................................... 19 4.3.1. Approved Research................................................................................................................19 4.4. PUNCHING SHEAR ......................................................................................................................... 20 4.4.1. Approved Research................................................................................................................22 5. FURTHER ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION IN BRIDGE DECKS ................... 25 5.1. TESTOFFICE SLABS ...................................................................................................................... 25 5.1.1. Office Slab M odels ................................................................................................................ 25 5.1.2. Analysis Results.....................................................................................................................28 5.1.2 .1. Static R esp onse ................................................................................................................................................ 28 1 5.1.2.2. D ynam ic R esponse .......................................................................................................................................... 30 5.2. APPLICATION TO PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE DECKS.................................................... ........ 31 5.2.1. Bridge Deck M odels .............................................................................................................. 32 5.2.2. Analysis Results.....................................................................................................................34 5.2.2.1. Static R esponse ................................................................................................................... ------................ 34 5.2.2.2. D ynam ic R esponse .......................................................................................................-----............------.....---- 37 5.3. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS .............................................................................................................. 38 6. CONCLUSION............................................................................................-....-----------------............... 40 7. W ORKS CITED .......................................................................................................--------------.......... 41 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2-1: TYPES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR SYSTEMS (CONCRETE REINFORCING STEEL INSTITUTE)..........7 FIGURE 2-2: TYPES OF HOLLOW -CORE PLANKS (PCI) ................................................................................................ 8 FIGURE 2-3: CUT-THROUGH SECTION OF BUBBLEDECK* (BUBBLEDECK*-UK) .......................... ...... 9 FIGURE 3-1: COMPONENTS OF A BUBBLEDECK (STUBBS)............................................................................. ........... 10 FIGURE 3-2: THREE TYPES OF BUBBLEDECK- TYPE A, B, & C (BJORNSON) ...................... ............ 13 FIGURE 3-3: LIFTING A SECTION OF TYPE A BUBBLEDECKV (BUBBLEDECK*-UK).................................................15 FIGURE 4-1: STANDARD STRESS BLOCK (EUROCODE2) ............................................ ....... 18 FIGURE 4-2: PUNCHING SHEAR FAILURE (TASSINARI) .................................................... 21 FIGURE 4-3: FLOOR TO COLUMN CONNECTION MODIFICATION (BUBBLEDECK INTERNATIONAL) ................ 21 FIGURE 4-4: EXPERIMENTAL SHEAR CAPACITY (BUBBLEDECK TESTS AND REPORTS SUMMARY)..........................22 FIGURE 4-5: CROSS-SECTION OF BUBBLEDECK TEST SLABS (PFEFFER) ................................ ..... 23 FIGURE 4-6: TEST SET U P (PFEFFER).............................................................................................- ---......... ----............23 FIGURE 4-7: C RACK PATTERN S (PFEFFER) ................................................................................ 24..............-------......----.-24 FIGURE 5-1: 3D RENDIN G OF THE O FFICE SLAB ............................................................................................................ 25 FIGURE 5-2: OFFICE SLAB FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF SOLID SLAB (LEFT), BUBBLEDECK (RIGHT) ........................ 26 FIGURE 5-3: SIMPLIFIED BUBBLEDECK SHELL LAYERS ............................................................................................ 26 FIGURE 5-4: FINITE ELEMENT OF A SINGLE MODULE IN CROSS-SECTION.................................. ...... 27 FIGURE 5-5: SOLID (LEFT) VS. BUBBLEDECK (RIGHT)- XX AXIS FROM -2.5 TO 2.5 PSI ........ ......... ......... 29 FIGURE 5-6: SOLID (LEFT) VS. BUBBLEDECK (RIGHT)- XY AXIS FROM -500 TO 500 PSI .................... ...... 29 FIGURE 5-7: OFFICE SLAB DEFLECTIONS MAGNIFIED BY 100 ......................................... 30 FIGURE 5-8: 3D RENDERING OF THE PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE............... ........................... ...... 32 FIGURE 5-9: BRIDGE DECK FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF SOLID SLAB (TOP), BUBBLEDECK (BOTTOM).....................33 FIGURE 5-10: MAXIMUM BRIDGE DECK DEFLECTION MAGNIFIED BY 100 . ........................... ..... 35 FIGURE 5-11: SOLID (TOP) VS. BUBBLEDECK (BOTTOM)- XX AXIS FROM -400 TO 400 PSI ....................................... 36 FIGURE 5-12: SOLID (TOP) VS. BUBBLEDECK (BOTTOM)- YY AXIS FROM -400 TO 400 PSI ....................................... 36 FIGURE 5-13: SOLID (TOP) VS. BUBBLEDECK
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