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A Historical Contextual Analysis Study of Persian Silk Fabric: (Pre-Islamic Period- Buyid Dynasty)
Proceedings of SOCIOINT 2017- 4th International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Humanities 10-12 July 2017- Dubai, UAE A HISTORICAL CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS STUDY OF PERSIAN SILK FABRIC: (PRE-ISLAMIC PERIOD- BUYID DYNASTY) Nadia Poorabbas Tahvildari1, Farinaz Farbod2, Azadeh Mehrpouyan3* 1Alzahra University, Art Faculty, Tehran, Iran and Research Institute of Cultural Heritage & Tourism, Traditional Art Department, Tehran, IRAN, [email protected] 2Alzahra University, Art Faculty, Tehran, IRAN, [email protected] 3Department of English Literature, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN, email: [email protected] *Corresponding author Abstract This paper explores the possibility existence of Persian silk fabric (Diba). The study also identifies the locations of Diba weave and its production. Based on the detailed analysis of Dida etymology and discovery locations, this paper present careful classification silk fabrics. Present study investigates the characteristics of Diba and introduces its sub-divisions from Pre-Islamic period to late Buyid dynasty. The paper reports the features of silk fabric of Ancient Persian, silk classification of Sasanian Empire based on discovery location, and silk sub-divisions of Buyaid dynasty. The results confirm the existence of Diba and its various types through a historical contextual analysis. Keywords: Persian Silk, Diba, Silk classification, Historical, context, location, Sasanian Empire 1. INTRODUCTION Diba is one of the machine woven fabrics (Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism, 2009) which have been referred continuously as one of the exquisite silk fabrics during the history. History of weaving in Iran dated back to millenniums AD. The process of formation, production and continuity of this art in history of Iran took advantages of several factors such as economic, social, cultural and ecological factors. -
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - C
Cambridge University Press 0521414113 - The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV - c. 1024-c. 1198 Edited by David Luscombe and Jonathan Riley-Smith Index More information INDEX Aachen, 77, 396, 401, 402, 404, 405 Abul-Barakat al-Jarjara, 695, 700 Aaron, bishop of Cologne, 280 Acerra, counts of, 473 ‘Abbadids, kingdom of Seville, 157 Acre ‘Abbas ibn Tamim, 718 11th century, 702, 704, 705 ‘Abbasids 12th century Baghdad, 675, 685, 686, 687, 689, 702 1104 Latin conquest, 647 break-up of empire, 678, 680 1191 siege, 522, 663 and Byzantium, 696 and Ayyubids, 749 caliphate, before First Crusade, 1 fall to crusaders, 708 dynasty, 675, 677 fall to Saladin, 662, 663 response to Fatimid empire, 685–9 Fatimids, 728 abbeys, see monasteries and kingdom of Jerusalem, 654, 662, 664, abbots, 13, 530 667, 668, 669 ‘Abd Allah al-Ziri, king of Granada, 156, 169–70, Pisans, 664 180, 181, 183 trade, 727 ‘Abd al-Majid, 715 13th century, 749 ‘Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar, 155, 158, 160, 163, 165 Adalasia of Sicily, 648 ‘Abd al-Mu’min, 487 Adalbero, bishop of Wurzburg,¨ 57 ‘Abd al-Rahman (Shanjul), 155, 156 Adalbero of Laon, 146, 151 ‘Abd al-Rahman III, 156, 159 Adalbert, archbishop of Mainz, 70, 71, 384–5, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Ilyas, 682 388, 400, 413, 414 Abelard of Conversano, 109, 110, 111, 115 Adalbert, bishop of Prague, 277, 279, 284, 288, Aberconwy, 599 312 Aberdeen, 590 Adalbert, bishop of Wolin, 283 Abergavenny, 205 Adalbert, king of Italy, 135 Abernethy agreement, 205 Adalgar, chancellor, 77 Aberteifi, 600 Adam of Bremen, 295 Abingdon, 201, 558 Adam of -
3A. Ottoman Empire.Pdf
Brief history and culture of Turkey and Balkan areas under the former Ottoman Empire An Empire before its time? Or An Empire doomed to fail? Which do you think makes a better government… one that is accepting and tolerant of people who are different or one that encourages, by force if necessary its people to be the same in order to create a more unified nation? Find the connections between history and current culture Because… Like it or not; realize it or not, we are all affected by the past Pay attention to notes that have a ** These are things that are going to influence/affect the Ottomans or modern day culture Ottoman empire began in modern day Turkey People are descendants of pastoral nomadic tribes from Central Asia In 10th century these tribes begin to move east Called themselves Oguz called Turkomans/“Turks” by their enemies Raiding of weaker neighbors (esp. the Byzantines) was common No formal govt. or laws ◦ Temporary leadership in the form of “Hans” Tribal society** ◦ loyalty, bravery family and hospitality important Shamanistic beliefs** ◦ Nature worship ◦ Man was powerless ◦ Good & evil spirits Invaded Persia in the 11th Century and conquered Bagdad Became mercenary guards for the Abbasid caliphs in Bagdad and protected them against outside threats Tugrul Bey became protector of the faith and champion of Orthodox Islam Seljuk rule spread to Central Asia, Palestine, Iraq and northern Iran Alp Arslan extended Seljuk rule into Syria, Armenia and sent raids into Anatolia (alarmed Byzantines) Battle of -
Kebijakan Politik Dan Orientasi Keagamaan Dinasti Buwayhiyyah Dan Saljuq Serta Hubungannya Dengan Kekhalifahan ‘Abbasiyyah
ISTIGHNA, Vol. 2, No 1, Januari 2019 P-ISSN 1979-2824 Homepage: http://e-journal.stit-islamic-village.ac.id/index.php/istighna Mokhammad Ainul Yaqin Dinasti Buwayhiyyah dan Saljuq: Kebijakan Politik dan Orientasi Keagamaan serta Hubungannya dengan Kekhalifahan ‘Abbasiyyah KEBIJAKAN POLITIK DAN ORIENTASI KEAGAMAAN DINASTI BUWAYHIYYAH DAN SALJUQ SERTA HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN KEKHALIFAHAN ‘ABBASIYYAH Mokhammad Ainul Yaqin ([email protected]) Dosen Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Abstract: Policy during the Adud in the past year 977 M. has managed to unite the tiny kingdoms that has emerged since the reign of the Buwayhid in Persia and Iraq. Religious orientation during the reign of Mu’iz al-Dawlah was participating by Shi’ah Zaidiyyah. Another case with the reign of the ‘Izz al-Dawlah and ad}ud al-Dawlah participating Shi’ah Imamiyyah. While the relationship between the Buwayhid with ‘Abbasiyah dynasty is there are linkages between the two. Policy during the reign of the Seljuk dynasty is expanding its territory from Kasygar up to Yerussalem and from Constantinopel up to Kaspia ocean. Besides its religious orientation under the Seljuk dynasty is the Sunni Islam. While the relationship between the Buwayhid with Abbasiyah dynasty it is because of the factor similarity participating and relation marriage, so they have an emotional closeness and influence of Abbasid empire. Keyword: Policy, Religious orientation, relationship between the with ‘Abbasiyah. A. Pendahuluan Setelah dinasti ‘Abbasiyyah mengalami kemunduran dan kehancuran, maka menunjukkan bahwa masa itu adalah masa disintegrasi. Masa ini adalah masa munculnya dinasti-dinasti kecil dibarat maupun ditimur Baghdad yang berusaha melepaskan diri atau otonomi dan masa perebutan kekuasaan oleh dinasti Buwayhiyyah dari Persia dan dinasti Saljuq dari Turki di pusat pemerintahan Bani ‘Abbas di Baghdad, sehingga mengakibatkan fungsi Khalifah sebagai gelar simbolis bagi kekuasaan di dalam kerajaan Islam. -
The Seljuks of Anatolia: an Epigraphic Study
American University in Cairo AUC Knowledge Fountain Theses and Dissertations 2-1-2017 The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study Salma Moustafa Azzam Follow this and additional works at: https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds Recommended Citation APA Citation Azzam, S. (2017).The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study [Master’s thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 MLA Citation Azzam, Salma Moustafa. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study. 2017. American University in Cairo, Master's thesis. AUC Knowledge Fountain. https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/656 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by AUC Knowledge Fountain. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of AUC Knowledge Fountain. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Seljuks of Anatolia: An Epigraphic Study Abstract This is a study of the monumental epigraphy of the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate, also known as the Sultanate of Rum, which emerged in Anatolia following the Great Seljuk victory in Manzikert against the Byzantine Empire in the year 1071.It was heavily weakened in the Battle of Köse Dağ in 1243 against the Mongols but lasted until the end of the thirteenth century. The history of this sultanate which survived many wars, the Crusades and the Mongol invasion is analyzed through their epigraphy with regard to the influence of political and cultural shifts. The identity of the sultanate and its sultans is examined with the use of their titles in their monumental inscriptions with an emphasis on the use of the language and vocabulary, and with the purpose of assessing their strength during different periods of their realm. -
Dramatis Personae •
Dramatis Personae • Note: all dates are approximate. ALEXANDER THE GREAT (356– 323 bc). Macedonian ruler who, af- ter invading Central Asia in 329 bc, spent three years in the region, establishing or renaming nine cities and leaving behind the Bactrian Greek state, headquartered at Balkh, which eventually ruled territo- ries extending into India. Awhad al- Din ANVARI (1126– 1189). Poet and boon companion of Sultan Sanjar at Merv who, boasting of his vast knowledge, wrote that, “If you don’t believe me, come and test me. I am ready.” Nizami ARUDI. Twelfth- century Samarkand- born poet and courtier of the rulers of Khwarazm and of Ghor, and author of Four Discourses, in which he argued that a good ruler’s intellectual stable should include secretaries, poets, astrologers, and physicians. Abu Mansur Ali ASADI. Eleventh- century poet from Tus and follower of Ferdowsi. Working at a court in Azerbaijan, Asadi versified The Epic of Garshasp (Garshaspnameh), which ranks second only to Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh among Persian epic poems. Farid al- Din ATTAR (1145– 1221). Pharmacist and Sufi poet from Nishapur, who combined mysticism with the magic of the story- teller’s art. His Conference of the Birds is an allegory in which the birds of the world take wing in search of Truth, only to find it within themselves. Yusuf BALASAGUNI (Yusuf of Balasagun). Author in 1069 of the Wisdom of Royal Glory, a guide for rulers and an essay on ethics. Written in a Turkic dialect, Yusuf’s volume for the first time brought a Turkic language into the mainstream of Mediterranean civilization and thought. -
BAB III SELAYANG PANDANG DINASTI SALJUK A. Asal
1 BAB III SELAYANG PANDANG DINASTI SALJUK A. Asal- usul Dinasti Saljuk 1. Silsilah Dinasti Saljuk Silsilah kelurga Dinasti Saljuk bisa perinci sebagai berikut: a. Saljuk Ibnu Tuqaq memiliki dua orang putra yaitu Mikail dan Arselan Payghu namun dalam leteratur lain disebutkan bahwa Saljuk memiliki empat orang anak yaitu Arselan, Mikail, Musa dan Yunus.1 b. Mikail memiliki dua orang putra yaitu Chager Bek Daud dan Tughril Bek. c. Chager Bek Daud memiliki dua orang putra yaitu Alp Arselan dan Kaward. d. Alp Arselan memiliki dua orang putra yaitu Malik Syah dan Tutush. e. Malik Syah memiliki empat orang putra yaitu Bargiyaruk, Muhammad, dan Sinyar serta Mahmud.2 Saljuk atau bani Saljuk adalah nama suatu suku yang pernah berkuasa abad ke-9 dan ke-12 (429-590/1038-1194). Nama saljuk diambil dari nama pemimpin kabilah atau suku turki Ghuzz (oghuz) yaitu Saljuk bin Tuqaq yang mendiami wilayah emperium uighur. Luas wilayahnya berbatasan dengan tiongkok disebelah timur sampai dengan pantai laut 1Penyusun Dar al-‘ilm, Atlas Sejarah Islam (Jakarta: Kaysa Media, 2011),96. 2K. Ali, Sejarah Islam (Tarikh Pramodern) terj. Ghufron A. Mas'adi (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1996),409. digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id 2 Kira dan terus memanjang ke daerah marawarannahar. Kemudian Ia diangkat menjadi panglima pada masa Imperium Uighar yang menempati bagian selatan lembah Tarim dengan Kasgar sebagai ibu kotanya karena cita- citanya tinggi dan kecerdasan akal serta kemuliaannya rakyatpun cinta dan hormat kepadanya. -
The Rise of the Seljuqs and Their State in Central Asia
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6(12): 410-417, 2012 ISSN 1991-8178 The Rise of the Seljuqs and their State in Central Asia Arshad Islam, Associate Professor Head, Department of History & Civilization International Islamic University Malaysia. Abstract: The Seljuqs, who arose in the 11thcentury CE in Central Asia, created one of the largest Muslim Empires in the Middle East, unifying the Muslim lands of the Abbasid east and giving a new impetus to the course of Muslim history. They were the most prominent Turkic Muslim dynasty prior to the Ottomans, with dominion throughout central Asia, Iran, Iraq, Kirman, Syria and Anatolia; it was the Seljuq threat to the Byzantine Empire that precipitated the Crusades. However, little is generally known of the origins and rise of the Suljuqs; this paper explores the course of the genesis of Seljuq power and authority. It traces the rise of the Seljuqs from a minor branch of a Turkic tribe through their incorporation into the fabric of the dwindling Samanid province, then the various manoeuvresand struggles that took place between them and rival Turkic peoples – the Ghaznavids and the Qarakhanids and the various wars for supremacy in Khurasan. It then charts the life and campaigns of Sultan Jalaluddin Malikshah, Sultan Rukn Al-Dunya Tughril Beg, relations with the Abbasid Caliphs (including marriage), the accession of Sultan Alp Arslan, campaigns against the Byzantnies, along with numerous intra-Seljuq wars of succession and rebellions, and the important role of the vizier Nizamul Mulk. Based mainly on Arabic, Persian, Urdu and English sources, the study focuses on the intellectual legacy of the Seljuqs, including their interest in the progress of science and philosophy. -
The Great Seljuqs
The Great Seljuqs This book provides a broad history of the Seljuq Turks from their origins and early conquests in the tenth century, through the rise of the empire, until its dissolution at the end of the twelth century. Where the history of the Seljuqs is usually studied in the context of medieval Persian, Arabic or Islamic history, this book considers the subject from the perspective of Turkish history. Examining the corpus of academic work on the period and how Turkish historiography has interpreted and understood the Seljuqs, the author demonstrates how the Great Seljuq Empire can be considered not only in a historical context, but as the instigator of Turko-Islamic civilization. Rejecting traditional Turkish scholarship, which places Iranian culture and Islam as the civilising elements in the Great Seljuq Empire, the author shows how the nature of nomadic pastoral empires has come under fresh scrutiny, reassessing Seljuq history and the framework within which it has been treated. This book provides a unique insight into the adoption of Turkic expectations to an urban environment that were forged on the Eurasian steppes, showing how the outcome put its stamp on the second millennium throughout the Middle East and the Balkans. It will be an important addition to the literature on medieval Islamic, Turkish and Middle Eastern history. Aziz Başan completed his PhD at the University of Edinburgh, and is now an independent scholar. Routledge studies in the history of Iran and Turkey Edited by Carole Hillenbrand University of Edinburgh This series publishes important studies dealing with the history of Iran and Turkey in the period CE 1000–1700. -
Investigation of the Sultan Alp Arslan Tomb with Geophysical Methods, in the Historical Merv City (Turkestan)
Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 18, EGU2016-18494, 2016 EGU General Assembly 2016 © Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Investigation of the Sultan Alp Arslan tomb with geophysical methods, in the historical Merv city (Turkestan) Selma Kadioglu (1,2) and Yusuf Kagan Kadioglu (1,3) (1) Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geophysical Engineering, 06830 Golbasi/Ankara-TURKEY; [email protected], (2) Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geological Engineering, 06100 Tandogan/Ankara-TURKEY; [email protected], (3) Ankara University, Earth Sciences Application and Research Center (YEBIM), 06100 Tandogan/Ankara-TURKEY Sultan Alp Arslan (1029-1072) was the second Sultan of the Seljuq Empire and great-grandson of Seljuq the eponymous founder of the dynasty. Sultan Alp Arslan’s victories changed the balance in near Asia completely in favour of the Seljuq Turks and Sunni Muslims. His victory at Manzikert (26 August 1071) is often cited as the beginning of the end of Byzantine power in Anatolia, and the beginning of Turkish identity in Anatolia. Sultan Alp Arslan eliminated theobstacles to the conquest of Anatolia and played a major role in making this territory a homeland for the Seljuqs. By taking the Emperor captive, Sultan Alp Arslan gained great fame but in 1072, on an expedition to Western Turkestan, he met with death in an unexpected way and at a relatively early age, in his 42nd year. There have been found different stories of the death of this great Turkish Sultan in certain sources. Unfortunately, there has not been found The Sultan’s resting place until now. -
Sistem Dan Kelembagaan Pendidikan Islam Bani Saljuk
ISSN : 2088-4095 TARBIYAH ISLAMIYAH, Volume 5, Nomor 2, Juli-Desember 2015 SISTEM DAN KELEMBAGAAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BANI SALJUK M. Noor Fuady Program Doktor Pendidikan Agama Islam, Pascasarjana IAIN Antasari Banjarmasin Abstrak Puncak kemajuan pendidikan Islam, yaitu pada masa Malik Syah, wazir Nizham al-Mulk dari bani Saljuk yang membangun Madrasah Nizhamiyah yang nantinya menjadi perguruan tinggi terbesar di zamannya. Madrasah Nizhamiyyah telah berjasa dalam mengembangkan madzhab Sunni Syafi’iyah dan menumbangkan madzhab Syi’ah di daerah itu.materi yang diajarkan pada madrasah ini, adalah fiqih dan tauhid, di samping cabang-cabang ilmu agama yang lain seperti ushul fiqh, ilmu-ilmu al-Quran, hadits Nabi, akhlak, diajarkan di situ. Alasannya adalah bahwa setiap muslim wajib (fard al-’ain) mempelajari ilmu-ilmu tersebut cabang-cabang ilmu agama yang lain, seperti nahwu, sharaf, adab juga disajikan disitu meskipun ilmu-ilmu itu hanya sebagai pelengkap. Madrasah ini betul-betul menyeleksi calon Mahasiswanya dengan sangat ketat, sehingga betul-betul menjadi sekolah favorit sampai saat itu dan wajar jika banyak alumninya menjadi ulama besar.Nizhamiyyah sangat mendukung kemajuan ilmu pengetahun, hal ini terbukti pengelola Nizhamiyyah menyediakan beasiswa/biaya bagi guru yang mau mengadakan penelitian untuk menemukan teori-teori baru. Pendanaan penyelenggaraan pendidikan pada madrasah ini menggunakan wakaf. Kata kunci: Pendidikan, Bani Saljuk, Madrasah Nizhamiyah A. Pendahuluan Dalam catatan sejarah kemunculan dan kemunduran serta kehancuran sebuah Dinasti kerajaan tidak terlepas dari pergolakan politik atau kepentingan-kepentingan politik, baik kepentingan politik perorangan maupun kepentingan politik kelompok.Demikian pula halnya dengan kemunculan Bani Saljuk, yang berawal dari perebutan kekuasaan dalam tubuh dinasti Buwaihi, yang tidak dapat mengatasi persaingan di tubuh militer, yang berasal dari dua suku: Dailam dan Turki Saljuk. -
Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl 2017 State Tournament Round 3 1St
Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl Round 3 2017 State Tournament 1st Section Toss-up Questions Question #1: Science – Chemistry 10 points A mixture containing the sulfide of this ion is called sodium ion [or Na1+ or white liquor, and is used at the beginning of the Na+1 or Na+] Kraft process to break down wood. To produce aluminium oxide in the Bayer process, this ion combines with hydroxide [“hide-ROCK-side”], then aluminate [al-OOM-in-“ate”], and then carbonate [“CAR-bun-ate”]. The hypochlorite [“hype-oh”-KLOR-“ite”] of this ion, dissolved in water, forms bleach. This ion is combined with glutamic acid to make a food additive commonly used in Asian food, MSG. This is the cation [“CAT-ion”] in halite [“HAY-light”] and in baking soda. Name this ion that combines with chloride [KLOH-“ride”] to make table salt. Question #2: Miscellaneous – Agriculture 10 points The colpodea [“coal”-POH-dee-uh] subspecies of Kentucky bluegrass [or this organism is primarily found in Arctic regions. Poa pratensis; accept The Adelphi and Midnight varieties of this meadow grass before organism are better for southern climates than “‘meadow’”; prompt on Touchdown and Bristol. This organism’s scientific grass] name comes from the Latin for “meadow” and the Greek for “fodder”. Bentgrass, ryegrass, and this grass are the most popular for lawns in the United States. Name this grass whose colored flowers inspired Kentucky’s nickname. 1 Illinois Masonic Academic Bowl Round 3 2017 State Tournament 1st Section Toss-up Questions Question #3: Social Studies – U.S. Government 10 points This program was renamed in 1980 to honor a U.S.