I THE MAGAZINE OF 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING, PAST & PRESENT

AhrblPlbndY* NAIONAL mREOSCOPlC ASSOCIATION Round Things

e wide variety of subjects in - stereographs arriving for the "Wheels" assignment was illus- trated with a bit of irony in the previous issue. One selection showed the wheels supporting the tracks of a tank while the other view's wheels were part of a hand- cranked, three-wheeled vehicle decorated with a peace symbol and balloons. This issue's wheels involve equally wide differences in purpose-one set intended for seri- ous speed and the other as an eye- catching experiment in 3-D art. The Assignment "Wheels" has been extended, and the new dead- line is March 7, 1995. This in effect makes "Wheels" a full-year project and should allow those with inter- esting ideas more time to do some shooting. Others may have images "Reels" by Gregory savord of Cantonsville, MD was taken on T-max 400 with an SLR in their files that simply need to be equipped with a 55mm lens. Before the second exposure was made, the camera was shift- dug out and mailed. ed to the right and the reels (wheels) were moved slightly to the left. This gives the effect Current Assirt: of the reels and their shadows floating above the steps. "Whee skate boards, etc. Things like large like vehicles, but a close-up of just This isn't limited to rustic wagon pulleys or tiny watch parts would a windshield wiper on a 1938 Ply- wheels being used as fences or the also be eligible, as would spherical mouth probably wouldn't be in chrome hubcaps of overly cus- rolling devices like ball bearings or the spirit of things. Deadline for tomized hot rods. Anything that the ball on the underside of a com- entries has been extended to moves on, under or by wheels is puter mouse. The wheels them- March 7, 1995. fair game here, including cars, selves would not have to be the (Continued on page 28) trains, unicycles, pretzel carts, center of interest in views of things

"Heartbreak Hill" by Louis 6. King of Somerville, MA was taken at the April, 1993 BAA Marathon on Kodachmme 64 with A Realist Custom. Volume 21, Number 5 November/December 1994

THE MAGAZINE Of 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING, PAST & PRESENT

A Publramo d the NATIONAL Collecting G.W. Wilson's Stereographs ...... 4 by Jonathan Ross

3 Board c~f Directc Atlanta Then & Now ...... 13 ndy Criscorn, Chairman Paula R. F:lemina David Hutchisoi Son and IMAX go Into the Deep ...... 18 Dieter Lorenz by 1on Marren T.K. Treiidwell Rill T \il Jaltnn The View-Masters in Depth ...... 25 NSA 01 Kcers Review by John Bradley Pet er E. Palmquist, Presider tt ,~ ... ., . . lnhn Wa~asm~rn,. .. nce rresraent,- ~~ti~iti~~ The 3-DVG Workshor,I ...... 30 Larry Hess, Secretory by Kenneth I. Dunkley lavid Wheeler, Treasurer

tereo World Staff- - srs Update ...... 33 John Denr is, Editor hAark Willke, Art Director Lois Wi~ldsmith, Su bscription Mo

INSA Membership (New rnernb~rships, r~newols & address chonges) .PO .-. --Rnr ( 14801, Columbus, OH 4 7714 Editor's View comments and Observations, by John Dennis ...... 2

QuestionsI Concerning Subsc La rry Hess, (21 9) 272-5431 Letters Reader's Comments and Questions ...... 3 m...... Stereo 1worla tlac~lssue 51 ('Wrrle lor ovorlobrhty & pnces ) NewViews Current Information on Stereo Today, by David Starkman &John Dennis 26 P.O. Box 398, Sycamore, OH 44 ......

Sterec-~~ ~- , World Editorial 0ff ice News from the Oliver Wendell Holmes Library, by Talbot Crane (Letters I(I the edrlor ortrtlrs & calendar 11, Library Report ...... 29 5610 SE 71 st ~ve.,Portland, OR 9 (503) 771 -4440 Classified Buy, Sell, or Trade It Here ...... 34 .,.....eo World Advertisi~ (Clossrli?d & display ads) P.O. Bo:K 14801, Columbus, OH 4 Calendar A Listing of Coming Events ...... 36 (Insert flyers & auction ads) lettrey Kraus, 1 Lauren Dr., Gardiner, NY 12525 Stereo World Relgular Fea NewV 'iews Dav~dSta rkrnan P.O. Box 2368, Culver C~ty,CA 902: The Sc~ciety Visible ot the center of what looks 11keo mlnl sub- Norman B Patterson marine for very small oceanographers are the twin loodlawn Ave , lNerleyv~lle, PA 1 lenses of an /MAX 3-0 camera wlthin its own under- The Unk nowns water housing for the filming of lnto the Deep. The Neal Bulllnqton spectacular new /MAX 3-0 film is showing at the .ondon Dr., Trav erse City, MI 4900- recently opened Sony Theaters Lincoln Square com- laster plex in New York and is the subject of Don Manen's Wolfgang & Mary Ann Sell article "Sony and lmax go lnto the Deep" in this 3752 8 roadv~rwDr. C~nc~nnat~,OH 4: issue. Photo by Mark Conlin, lmax Systems Corp. - Oliver Wendell Holmf Stereotscopic Research Lil (Aflrhoted rvlrh thr Not~onolStrr~oscoprc Aa EasterrI College, St. Dav~ds,PA 1' Stereo World(l5SN 01914030) IS published bimonthly by the National Stereoscopic Association, Inc., PO. Box 14801, Columbus, OH 43214. Ent~recontents01995, all rights reserved. Material in this publication may not be reproduced w~thoutwritten permirsion of the NSA. Inc. Print- Stereos copic SOCiety of Ar nerica ed In USA. A subscr~ptionto Stereo World IS part of NSA membership. Annual membership dues: 126 th~rdclass US, 138 flrst class US, 138 /Affili"t.A u Ooronrmn,r Arc nrin,innI (" ,,,,,Y,LL, .vlth the Nat~onol,.,,.,,,,,...... Canada and forelan surface. 156 ~nternat~onala~rma~l. All membersh~~rare based on the ~ubl~slilnavear ol Stereo World which bea~nsin March E. Jack S\~arthout, Membership Secretary an" enoc 1~1n1n6 ,~n.,vy'~ebruary sr.e 01 rne next year. All ner\'rnernocrrn ps rece;eo w cbmrnerlce w ~h IIII. M~IIAD, ($UP 01 II~P 11.rrenl ca rlluar ye.11 Hllen JDP ) nq lor membersh p, pease aav se LI f ,OJ a0 not acr re Ine bacr 06s..Pr of the current volin 12 'h 'oodmere Dr., Paris, 1L 61944 Member, lnternotionol Stereoscopic Union 1 -- Coming Soon mong the reasons for return- WHEN STEREO WENT FOR A SPIN isn't The NSA and Stereo World have ing your NSA membership about cars, but spinning wheels- always been independent of either which were featured in a surprising government or private institution- Arenewal notice as soon as it number of vintage views from both arrives are the following feature Europe and the U.S. al funding , relying on member- ship fees for their operations and articles to appear in Stereo World THE ATLANTA INTERNATIONAL 3-D over the next few months: FESTIVAL will be covered as exten- on voluntary donations from VOYAGER STEREO PAIRS OF THE OUTER sively as past NSA conventions and members for special research pro- SOLAR SYSTEM will present high ISU congresses, but the first-ever jects and improvements to the quality reproductions of accidental combination of the two events in magazine. The intent here is to stereo pairs assembled from the June, '95 will merit even more maintain that independence as a files of the Voyager 11 mission by detailed attention and 3-D cover- purely member-supported organi- age. Dr. Paul Schenk of the Lunar and zation. Planetary Institute in Houston. A PRIZE WINNING HOME-MADE One phenomena for which 1994 Many of the images are in color, MACRO STEREO CAMERA is one of and the story of initial attempts to the stereo project articles scheduled will be known is the explosion in publish them in stereo appeared in to appear, along with more news of popularity of single-image stere- the Sept./Oct. '94 NavViews. the latest in stereo cameras, view- ogram books, being noted even in MRS. ROBERTS' RIG DAY is the story ers, books, software and services. Discovery and Scientific American behind an exquisite tinted stereo Keep the World magazines. Over a dozen publish- daguerreotype by Antoine Claudet ers in the U.S. alone sold millions showing a woman dressed in her Coming to Your Door of SIS books, cards and calendars finest clothing and jewels on a very at a Rate That's Still special day in her life. A gem like that dominated entire sets of this stereo portrait would enhance a Bargain! shelves in many bookstores. This any collection, but researching its 1995 will bring more people and astounding, worldwide commercial history, as SW contributor Peter H. recognition to the NSA and more 3-D publishing boom all started Fowler has done, makes it far more images and information in Stereo with the "Single Image Random interesting. World. To keep it all happening, Dot Stereograms" article in Stereo STEREOSCOPIC ARCHITECTURAL however, will require more money World's MayIJune 1990 issue, and SURFACES is a look at the work of than present membership fees artist Roger Ferragallo, who has cre- those who fail to renew their ated entire walls of free viewed 3-D bring in. After holding the basic membership could miss out on our patterns for permanent installation NSA membership at $22 for several next stereo scoop! While we can't as Architectural building elements. years now, cost increases in prepa- promise articles with such interna- (The above three features will ration, printing and postage have tional multi-million-dollar results appear in a special color section.) suddenly caught up with us, con- in every issue, we'll continue to BLONDIN THE HERO OF NIAGARA suming reserves and forcing an present interesting and useful fea- traces the bizarre career of the increase to $26 per year for bulk tures and news about every aspect famous tightrope walker as illus- trated in several classic stereoviews mail memberships. (Adding to the of stereo in order to at least capturing him high above the Nia- usual costs last year were those enhance the depth of your world. gara River. involved with the big color Correction: THE MACRO REALIST CAMERA, its anniversary issue, which was design, prototype and history are expensive even with color separa- In the article "Two Men of examined in detail through Realist tion work donated, and the Vision and the 3-D Record of an blueprints and macrostereographs biggest-ever NSA membership Industry" in Vol. 21 No. 3. an error by the same team responsible for directory.) crept into the last line of the cen- SW's definitive feature on the Real- ter column on page 17. It should ist Custom camera in Vol. 19 No. 2. Fees for first class and foreign memberships have in some cases read "miracle of hosiery-nylon INSIDE THE GRAF ZEPPELIN takes read- stockings." m ers on a stereo tour of the famous actually edged below their produc- airship from inside the framework tion and mailing costs in recent to the radio room, the bridge, years, forcing an increase in those sleeping cabins, the galley, the din- also, to $38 for first class delivery you have COInments or questions for the ing room and the crew's wash- in the U.S. and $56 for interna- Yitor concernling any stereo-related matter searing (or r;nissing) in the pages of Stereo room. The unique set of views was tional air mail. International sur- OPI .. . packaged with a "Zeppelin" viewer World, please write to john Dennis, Stereo for those who traveled on the Graf face mail and Canadian member- World Editorial in the late 1920s and early '30s. ships will be $38. Portland, OR 9,

HI November/Decernber 1994 STEREO W?lRId) Misdirected? I now use Fujichrome 120 trans- with two pages of instructions and parency film, which is readily rules. n regard to the "stereo" view on As Bob Reid explained to me from the cover of the NSA 1995 Mem- available here with a number of the instructions: the camera is special bership Directory: SHAME ON processing labs available also. in that four frames are exposed at the I Norm Peters same time, allowing for more than one YOU!!! Bermagui NSW, Australia almost identical negative. This allows Christopher R. Mohr us to preserve at least one negative Romoland, CA Fujichrome is a serious competitor with intact, undisturbed, while the other Kodak's Ektachrome E-6 films in the U.S., Assuming our shame was earned by the negatives can be used for reproduction and the professional Fujichrome emulsions and analysis by different laboratories at single-image stereogram on the Directory in all sizes are especially popular among the same time. In addition, the details cover, the fact that the worldwide commer- many photographers and studios. It looks provided by this camera will yield cial explosion of such ima~eswas partly as if Kodachrome, however, will involve more information than can be gained Stereo World's fault could be seen as increasing expense and delay for people in from normal cameras. [Notice how everyone discounts processing to obligin'y us to wear those autostereograph- most parts of the world. ic scarlet letters as a form ofgraphic lenticular prints.] - Ed. penance. The new Directory at least fea- The camera, a Nimslo 3D, was very tures one more vintage photographic stere- Chasin UFOs official and very MUFON controlled. oview on its cover than any directories of Not only was it sealed, but a picture With A imslo had already been taken to serve as a the past few yean, which had none. 8 Regarding my long standing control. In the event that somebody - Ed. tried to remove the film, doctor it, and wish to see a stereo UFO shot, I Kodachrome Blues reload it, the sprockets would not line refer you to Ed and Francis Wal- UP. I refer to the article by Norman ters' The Gulf Breeze Sightings (Mor- The camera had four lenses, which I B. Patterson on page 22 (Vol. 21 row: 1990). After checking it out of guessed were all set a certain way to No. 2) and the commentary by the library, vaguely recalled some better catch the UFO for verification I and study of the negatives. The lenses Joel Moskowitz on page 3 (Vol. 21 shaky news items about a flock of were fixed, to eliminate the photogra- No. 3). The comments and obser- Florida sightings, some "docu- pher having any control. All that was vations in these articles certainly mented" in video and others with necessary was to aim and shoot. are topical as far as I'm concerned. a stereo camera: a Nimslo, no less! I welcomed the camera as Rob Reid explained it to me. If I could catch a I note that Kodak is the principle For those of you who missed this shot of the UFO with their camera and film referred to by both authors; "trip", I think you'll enjoy some have them develop the film, that wonder why they haven't delved extracts of the authors' stereo cam- should resolve the questions-and we into other "chromes" such as Fuji era experiences. would have the proof many people had sought for years. or Agfa. Are they not too popular The suggestion by Dr. Maccabee in the U.S.? that I mount two cameras parallel to You'll have to check out the To extract a few lines from the each other just in case I might have a book yourself to see the view Mr. chance to catch another shot of the Walters caught with his MUFON- end of Patterson's article on the UFO was disturbing. My first impulse future of films: "Will the demand was to reject the idea, but I listened to Nimslo. It looks something like a for transparency film drop so low Dr. Maccabee explain that with such a plastic light fixture. Strange: how that it is no longer economically double camera [soon to be named a advanced alien technology still feasible to produce or process it...?" "self-Referencing Stereo Camera" or SRS surrounds space ships with port camera] we could possible obtain These comments are quite much more dimensional information holes. (But if not for the windows, appropriate to me as can be seen than with a single shot. how could we see them waving at in the enclosed note from Kodak With some hesitance I strapped my us?) Photo Services Australia. [The note SUN 600 Polaroid to one end. As luck Craig Daniels would have it, Duane Cook had an Florence, OR from Palmfire labs, DBA Kodak identical camera, which I borrowed Photo Services, announces that and mounted parallel on the opposite Not mentioned is a Nimslo's greatest processing of Kodachrome 120 is end. My efforts to construct the SRS potential advantage for UFO hunters. If no longer available within Aus- camera were time-consuming, but I the aliens turn out to have four eye-stalks, tralia and suggests sending the film realized how important an SRS photo- pointing a Nimslo at them could promote graph could be. Such a photo would to Kodalux in New Jersey.] a sense of empathy that might even ,pet offer proof of distance and size. Proof you invited aboard their space craft! I was using 12-exposure 120 to anybody who challenged my word Kodachrome in my Iso Duplex or the other photographs. - Ed. m 120, and the cost of having it ... Bob came by my house ... with his son. He had been given a special processed is: postage Australia to "MUFON camera" [Mutual UFO Net- NJ - $1.70 Aus., processing at work] by Don Ware to bring to me. Kodalux - $13.57 Aus. ($10.18 Their hope was that I could photo- U.S.), and $2.95 Aus. return graph the UFO with this new camera. postage for a total of $18.22 Aus. And what a camera it was. It came

STEREO W3RL.D November/December 1994 -- R by Jonathan Ross y early forays into collecting Wilson and obtained a copy stereographs were fairly hap- through Shipley's book shop in M hazard-buying images that London's Charing Cross Road. took my fancy with no particular This wonderful book (George acquisition policy other than the Washington Wilson, Artist and Pho- desire to accumulate an amusing tographer 1823-93 ISBN 0-08- variety of subjects. Like anyone 025760-7), written by Roger Taylor who enjoys riffling through the and published by Aberdeen Uni- racks and boxes of stereographs at versity Press in 1981, opened my collectors fairs I handled quite a eyes to the phenomenon that was number of the yellow cards with G.W.Wilson and provided the blue labels marked with a number, incentive to begin collecting in a title and the legend: "G.W.WIL- earnest. I am indebted to it for SON, Photographer, Aberdeen" and most of the information I possess over the first year or so acquired on Wilson's career and techniques perhaps a dozen of his Scottish and especially for the fact that one views. Then somewhere or other, I of the appendices is a copy of Wil- cannot remember where, I came son's 1863 List of Stereoscopic and across a reference to a biography of Album Views. This list, from 1 to 440A (with some of the interven- ing numbers omitted), gave me a C. " W. Wilson No. 282, "The Loch of Park, Aberdeenshire. (INSTANTANEOUS) All views target: "Let's see how many of from the collections of Jonathan Ross and IK. Treadwell. those I can find" I thought, not builder but in 1846 he moved to realizing that it would not be so Edinburgh to pursue his vocation easy to stop at number 440A and as an artist and developed a skill as that there were stereoscopic views a portrait miniaturist. Like many by G.W.W. numbering into the in this profession the move into thousands. Two and a half years photography must have seemed later and over six hundred stereo- inevitable and it is perhaps their cards collected, I have nearly one training as artists that distinguish- hundred images from the 1863 list es the work of these early photog- still to find (not to mention the raphers from those who subse- later catalogs) and realize that it is quently came into the medium for a quest that could last a lifetime. solely commercial motives. George Washington Wilson In 1848 Wilson moved to (1823-1893) was born the son of a Aberdeen and initially set up as a crofter in Banffshire, Scotland and teacher of drawing & painting in rose to become one of the fore- addition to his work in portraiture. most publishers of photographic He evidently recognized photogra- images of his era and arguably the phy as an alternative method of finest British practitioner of land- making portraits but, while he may scape stereographs. As a young man he was an apprentice carpenter and house C. W Wilson No. 279, "The Loch of Park, Aberdeenshire - Pike Fishing. " (INSTANTA- NEOUS) have read about Fox Talbot's calo- G. W. Wilson No. 187, Edinburgh - Princes Street, looking towards the Calton Hill." type process, it was not until (INSTANTANEOUS) F. Scott Archer published details of the wet-collodion method in 1851 Hay who were commissioned at an himself compiled an album of that he decided to adopt it as an early stage to document the G.W.W.3 work in 1860. (After adjunct to his own business. In progress of building and soon Prince Albert's death it was Wilson 1852 he went into partnership thereafter to photograph a deer- who took the famous portrait of with John Hay, who was already stalking party. Their work found Queen Victoria, dressed in mourn- established as a calotypist, and favor and the Royal patronage ing, seated on horseback with her having acquired a property in the added immensely to their reputa- personal attendant John Brown fashionable Crown Street, set tion. holding the horse's head.) about making a name for himself. Commissions for landscape For aspirational Aberdonians a Queen Victoria and Prince views followed and Prince Albert, portrait by G.W.Wilson became a Albert's decision to create a holi- who was an early enthusiast of must and the business was soon day retreat at Balmoral was a photography collecting, became a well enough established for Wilson stroke of good luck for Wilson & particular admirer of Wilson and to be able to devote himself to the landscape work and to leave the portraiture to an assistant. While G. W. Wilson No. 3 13 "H. M.S. Impregnable, 7 04 Guns - Guard ship in Hamoaze. "

01 November/December 1994 STEREO WRLD G. W Wilson No. 3 16, "H. MS. Cambridge in Hamoaze, Great-Gun Practice. " studies of the sea and sky while on a trip to Oban. While Le Gray's his portraits are technically accom- some of them are labeled with the images are thought to be the plished there is little to distinguish names cut from the list itself results of combination printing them from those of many others, (which is reproduced in facsimile from two negatives, Wilson recog- but with his handling of the land- in Taylor's book). Some have an nized the similar actinic properties scape Wilson's genius is revealed. embossed stamp of Wilson's name, of the sea and a ~k~dedsky andl In 1856 he published his first list others have small colored labels breaking all the rules, pho- of stereoscopic views, selling at 21- down one side of the back and, tographed his chosen subject aim- each, mostly of the countryside once you have seen one, the style ing straight into the sun-achiev- around Aberdeen but including of type becomes recognizable. ing on one plate a properly some views of Elgin Cathedral. I In 1858, influenced by Gustav exposed record of the scene. The have found very few of these and Le Gray, whose atmospheric following year, encouraged by his they are certainly harder to identi- seascapes with distinctive cloudy experiments, G.W.W. made an fy than the later cards as there is skies had been enthusiastically expedition to Loch of Park and no photographer's credit on many. reviewed, Wilson attempted some attempted a series of views of his They can only be recognized from the title and from the fact that G. W. Wilson No. 379, "Durham Cathedral - from the River." family being rowed by Sandy the C.W. Wilson No. 548, "Fountains Abbey - The Chapter House. " boatman. These carefully com- I posed shots, in which the boat is Eastern". He must have figured In 1863 Wilson extended his ter- positioned in the reflected light of that this was a good commercial ritory as far as Cornwall, though the setting sun on the surface of subject but it is too distant a view his views of that county are on the the Loch, are among the first close to cause much excitement to mod- whole nothing special. His series of range instantaneous photographs to ern eyes. Later that year he pro- English cathedrals however are fine be taken-the exposure being duced some much more stimulat- works and perhaps only Bedford achieved by Wilson deftly flicking ing maritime pictures of the Chan- compares with him in this field. his Glengarry bonnet from in front nel Fleet in the Firth of Forth, but His sense of composition is superb, of the lens for a fraction of a sec- his best are probably those of particularly his exterior views ond as opposed to the several sec- H.M.S. Impregnable, seen from the which establish the buildings in onds exposure that were custom- shore through a frame of oak their surrounding landscapes. In ary at that date. (The example leaves, and of HMS Cambridge what were without doubt often illustrated is from a second expedi- practicing canon fire at Hamoaze. poorly lit interiors the amount of tion to Loch of Park made by Wil- Up to this date Wilson had used detail he achieves is remarkable. son in 1860.) a pair of six-inch view lenses with The sets of views of Durham, The Loch of Park series brought approximately 30 degrees angle of Exeter, Gloucester, Peterborough, Wilson overnight fame which he view but in 1861 J.H. Dallmeyer Winchester and York are well consolidated the same year with a supplied him with a No.1 seven- worth collecting and provide a bet- series of instantaneous views of inch Triplet lens with almost 70 ter record of these great buildings Princes Street in Edinburgh. These degrees angle of view for taking than most of us could manage were the first city views with peo- single prints. His success with it today with the latest equipment. ple captured about their daily busi- led to it becoming known as the (See Stereo World Vol. 8 No. 2.) ness as opposed to the "cities of Wilsonian lens. Dallmeyer also On the subject of equipment, ghosts" that were the common fare made Wilson a camera which Taylor's description of the para- of the day. Edward Anthony of would take both stereo and single phernalia required for the wet-col- Broadway produced some similar views by the removal of a central lodion process-all of which had views in New York at about the division. to be performed on location- same time but this did nothing to In addition to his stereoscopic increased my admiration for early detract from Wilson's acclaim. views, Wilson produced cartes de photographers tenfold. The care- (The example illustrated is from a visite, cabinet sized images (6%"x fully prepared glass plates had to second series taken by Wilson in 4Kn), introduced album prints (4%"x be coated with collodion and sen- 1860). 3%")which were differently sitized with silver salts before In 1861 Wilson traveled south to cropped halves of stereo pairs, and exposure, developed in a solution London and took some instanta- later the Imperial view (10" x 7"). of pyrogallol and acetic acid and neous views of Regent Street before He also provided photographic then fixed in hypo or potassium moving on via Stonehenge and illustrations for other publishers cyanide-all of this in a dark tent Salisbury Cathedral to Southamp- and produced a number of albums steeped in ether fumes possibly ton where he photographed and folios of his landscape views. half-way up a mountain and in all Brunel's mighty ship "The Great likelihood pestered by mosquitoes G.W. Wilson No. 532, "ledburgh Abbey, from the River. " writings. Before my visit I had gazed for if it was Scotland in the summer. rable was a trip to the Trossachs hours at the many views of the Before printing, the plates had to area of Scotland which provided area, taken by Wilson and other be varnished, retouched and var- the subject for some of Wilson's photographers, and felt I knew it nished a second time. The printing most celebrated landscape views. I intimately. Place names such as and mounting process itself was a had never heard of Loch Katrine Ellen's Isle and The Silver Strand ten-stage affair. When I visit the before I started looking at 19th tripped off my tongue. I knew I sites of Wilson's early photo- century stereographs (not having could not expect to find an old graphic sorties, load a roll of Kodak read until recently Sir Walter thatched boathouse but had heard Ektar 100 into my trusty Nimslo, Scott's 'Lady of the Lake' which that a steam launch still operated point and shoot, I almost feel was set there), but early photogra- 0" the Loch. Indeed it does, and ashamed. phers were evidently keen to cap- coach loads are delivered to it in a I have organized holidays ture the beauties of the area and constant flow throughout the year around collections of stereographs sell them to the many tourists but, as in so many tourist traps, on several occasions, with the idea attracted to the area by Scott's the majority do not venture far of reconstructing the views as they are today. One of the most memo- G. W. Wilson No. 2 16, "Salisbury Cathedral, Entrance to the Chapter House. "

STEREO WORLD NovernberlDecernber 1994

------from the car park and the visitor G.W. Wilson No. 7 8, "Silver Strand, Loch Katrine. " (A later variant.) center and once one strikes off the road and climbs into the surround- mation center to discover that the of ivy, which has been stripped ing hills the tranquil beauty of the local water authority had raised away to prevent further deteriora- place washes over one. At the the water level by ten feet to create tion of picturesque ruins. shoreline, however, I found I could a greater reservoir for Glasgow's Initially Wilson was responding not make sense of the landscape. water supply and submerged the with his landscape photography to With my selection of G.W.W. Silver Strand and half of Ellen's Isle a demand from tourists for views views in hand I walked back and in the process. of the popular attractions but over forth-there was the boathouse On the whole though, thanks the years, through his own (modern version), there was Ellen's very often to the National Trust, endeavors in hunting out the less- Isle, but where was the Silver the great landscape views are little er known beauty spots, he was Strand and why did the skyline changed apart from the size of responsible for stimulating the not quite match with Wilson's pic- trees or degree of planting and, in growth of tourism throughout tures? It took a visit to the infor- the case of old buildings, the lack Scotland. His images were printed in huge quantities. In 186415 for instance, 553,331 prints were G.W. Wilson No. 103, "Abbotsford, from the River. " (One of at least six variants of made, with over 400 printing this view from the Tweed.) G. W. Wilson No. 133, "Balmoral Castle, from the N. W. " (One of at least four variants tographer's credit. The familiar numbered 133 or 133A.) large blue label can sometimes change color and become white, frames in daily use producing a had to revisit the site and take pink, pale yellow or lilac and titles turnover of £10,770 19s 9d for the fresh negatives. can be subtly varied so that, for whole business, of which £6145 2s The result of these return visits instance, No.16 appears as "The 10d came from the landscape is that there are often many vari- Mouth of the Clamshell Cave, views. By 1876, when he estab- ants of a single numbered image. Staffa" and "Clamshell Cave, lished a new works at St. Swithin's To my mind this adds to the plea- Staffa" and "Mouth of the Street in Aberdeen, the production sure of collecting as there are com- Clamshell Cave, Staffa". (Staffa def- capacity had expanded to 800 parisons to be made between earli- initely looks a place to visit, with frames and drew on a library of er and later versions. The variants incredible natural basalt structures 45,000 negatives. A single negative are usually labeled in a slightly dif- at the sea's edge.) might provide 1500 prints per ferent way. Some early cards have Towards the end of his career year-a rate of five per day was the a small white label on the right Wilson came to depend on staff best that could be achieved in day- hand side of the back and no pho- photographers to provide new light-and if the demand for a Dar- t;ular image exceeded this ~ilion I G. W. Wilson No. 16, "The Clamshell Cave, Staffa. " (One of at least five variants.) images and copies of earlier scenes. C. W. Wilson No. 59, "Loch Achray and Ben Venue." While the introduction of the dry plate definitely made life easier on unless I can get the objects com- exposure to ether fumes had taken the road as the plates could be prehended, even in a stereoscopic- its toll on Wilson's health and he returned to Aberdeen for process- sized plate, to compose in such a had begun to have fits. He retired ing, this later work from Wilson & manner that the eye, in looking at in 1888 and returned to painting Co. lacks the master's flair. it, shall be led insensibly round the for a while. In 1893 he died and G.W.W. knew how to compose a picture, and at last find rest upon although his sons continued to foreground like no one else and the most interesting spot, without run the business its heyday was had an extraordinary ability to having any desire to know what past and it went slowly into find a natural frame for his pic- the neighboring scenery looks decline. In 1908 the entire plant tures in the form of a convenient like". Some of his favored compo- and stock in trade, including pair of trees or architectural motif. sitional devices include the use of 65,000 negatives, was auctioned He wrote that "I am never satisfied reflections in water, which he han- off and fetched the depressingly dles quite beautifully, and the low figure of £284 3s 9d. inclusion of a human figure strate- Today the bulk of the negatives gically placed in the fore, middle that survive are in the care of or background (sometimes in two Aberdeen University Library who u.d. ~onnecuon or all three of these zones) in order last year held a conference on the me of Wi Ison's vie\NS were F~ub- to lead the eye through the pic- centenary of Wilson's death. They shed in a glass trarIsparency for- -. . . ture. Quite often the figure in the publish a range of postcards, calen- mat. I hey are exceedingly rare, foreground is Wilson himself, a dars and booklets using Wilson's an(1 as with most glass views their shaggy bearded figure-the epito- images but regrettably no stereo- visi ~alqualit) 1 and detail are stun- me of a Victorian paterfamilias, just scopic material at present. nin g. A substantial number of Wil- tinged with a hint of Bohemian- Barbara Ross-Hadley is currently ,--3-fic. sort. I layca flere issued by B.W. ism. engaged in cataloging their stereo Kilburn of Littleton, NH as paper Since studying Wilson's work I holdings and the library will make prints copied from the Wilson glass know that my own photography photocopies of the various original originals. The Kilburn copies can all has improved and I think even the Wilson catalogs in their collection. be matched with knol wn Wilson way I observe nature has altered. My ambitions fall short of wanting mijges, and the initialIS G.W.W. In addition to the pleasure of col- to collect Wilson's entire stereo- aP\)ear in thl e lower ril ght-hand scopic output, which numbers far r ,. .. . lecting, the friendships and corre- corner or all tne vlews. Wilson used spondence with other collectors too many waterfalls and bridges thi:j system c)f identific:ation on his and dealers, the holiday itineraries amongst it to interest even some- gla ss views, ,and only on his gla 15s and the hours spent gazing into one as obsessed as myself, but wide varic views. Kilbur .n used- a 3y the stereoscope make me feel I there are many gems still to find of images trom European sources, have a lot to thank G.W.W. for. and I am enjoying the search enor- issuing his views in blocks, and it In 1882 a fire destroyed the mously. can be assumed that all his num- company's stock of prints but by The author welcomes correspondence bers from 2337 to 2354 were by good fortune the negatives were with other co1lector.s wishing to sell or Wil son. stored elsewhere and the business exchange stereographs by G.W. Wilson and - Ed. survived. However long years of other 19th century photographers. m lanta

lei,/ vow

ver since General Sherman and There seems to be something his supply trains rolled into inherent in Atlanta for change. A Etown (figure I.), Atlanta has mere thirty years before Sherman become a city of unbelievable his- attempted to eradicate it, Atlanta torical importance. Made mythic was literally a wilderness-an by Gone With the Wind, it contin- exclusive domain of the Creek ues to intrigue and draw people to Indians. Within three decades it this day. The irony in it all is that became a large city and a major while people are fascinated with its railroad center supplying the Con- past, Atlanta is hell-bent for the federate Army with a prodigious future. amount of material. Its growth is even more phe- nomenal when one realizes that Fig. I. George N. Barnard/Anthony No. 3668, "View in the City of Atlanta, Ga. Sherman did indeed destroy the Whitehall Street. " Sherman's supply wagons entering Atlanta, Sept./Oct. 1864. The city. At one point there was not a building on the right corner is The Georgia Railroad Bank. Sherman would blow this building up before departing, though for what "military purposes" seems unclear. single business operating or a resi- Mike Criffith collection. dence lived-in. (Sherman, before

STEREO WRLD November/December 1994 Im he burned Atlanta, had ordered Fig. 2. Entrance to Underground Atlanta. Taken from around the Zero Mile Post, a ALL citizens evacuated.) square stone post from 1850 set up by the Western & Atlantic Railroad, and still in Those who returned in 1865 place. Stereo by Larry Moor. found utter and complete desola- tion. In the Atlanta Treasury was there is not a single structure in Underground, was taken in the $1.64. If ever a city grew from the Atlanta from the Civil War. In fig- same location. (The railroad tracks ashes-it was Atlanta! ure 1, showing Sherman's wagons, are in the tunnel on the left.) You To do a "Then & Now" set of you will notice the railroad tracks will notice too, a different "level" stereoviews is quite a challenge. in the immediate foreground. Fig- to the street. By the turn of the There is virtually no "Then", as ure 2, showing the entrance to century traffic in downtown Atlanta had become very difficult with the railroad tracks running Fig. 3. Underwood & Underwood No. 9400, "Peach Tree St. from the east - a typical through the streets. A number of business district of a southern metropolis, Atlanta, Ga." Peachtree Street in 1907. viaducts were constructed over the Bicycles, trollies, and horse-drawn wagons all mix with those "new motor cars". Mike railroad tracks to accommodate Griffith collection. Fig. 4. Keystone No. 377 34, "From Whitehall Viaduct, View N. on Peachtree Street, reel pack of "Underground Atlanta, Ga. " Peachtree Street about 7 938. Further up the street (behind the building Atlanta" in 1973, one well-worth on the right) was Loew's Grand Theater where, in 7 939, was the world premiere of collecting. Gone With the Wind. Mike griffith collection. Figure 3, taken in 1907, shows a very busy street scene on normal traffic. Businesses added ground" Atlanta. Some places were Peachtree. The building at the end new stories to their buildings so like time capsules. In one was of the block (on the right) is the people could reach them easier. found a magnificent old bar, just Candler Building. It can be seen "Basement" levels became vacant like the day it had closed. On one today in figure 5 at center right. or were used for storage. All of this old comer was a huge, early Coca- (It's still just as hard to get across was completed by 1929. Cola sign from 1919 (still there). that street ...) Figure 4 was taken Forty years later the "bottom View-Master issued a super three- about 1938 and is the same loca- parts" and other small buildings had all been forgotten when some- one came up with the idea of Fig. 5. Peachtree Street in 7 994. Note that the Candler Building (center right) reopening the area as "Under- remains from the 7 907 and 7 938 views. Stereo by Larry Moor.

I

STEREO WORLD NovemberIDecember 1994 tion as seen in figure 1. Only the Fig. 6. Church of the Immaculate Conception in 1875. Stereo by 1.H. & W.1 Kuhns, curve, further up the hill, has sur- Atlanta photographers whose family remained in business for over 50 years, 1872- vived 130 years. 7 924. Mike Griffith collection. The oldest standing structure in Atlanta is the Catholic Church of however, to its left across the street Capitol Building in 1899. The the Immaculate Conception. Built is another Atlanta "iconN-the church across the street is still in 1873, it is shown in figure 6, Coca-Cola Museum! there. (Figure 9.) The Capitol taken about 1875. One hundred Figure 8 shows President McKin- Building (not pictured) is still there and twenty years later, it looks vir- ley (just left of the bowler hat at also, and its gold dome is visible tually the same. (Figure 7.) Today, the bottom) entering the Georgia from the expressway. It is interesting to note that the Fig. 7. Church of the lmmaculate Conception Today. Across the street (left of the historical Atlanta is etched in the church) is the Coca-Cola Museum. Stereo by Larry Moor. mind largely because of stereo- Fig. 8. Strohmeyer & Wyman, "President McKinley entering the State Capitol Building prepared. We don't plan to leave - Peace jubilee - Atlanta, Georgia. " McKinley is at the bottom of the view, without a the city, and we're hoping to end hat. The church in the background of this 7 899 view is across from the capitol. Mike up with more than a dollar and Griffith collection. sixty-four cents! m views. George Barnard's coverage When you come to Atlanta for of Sherman's occupation and the International 3-D Festival in destruction was very thorough. His June of 1995, be sure and bring views have been illustrated in his- your stereo camera to capture the tory books for the last 130 years. city amidst another massive throe No coverage of the Civil War of building and change as it gets doesn't show at least some of his ready for the 1996 Olympics. For views. In 1938, in the building of this invasion we are much better sets for Gone With the Wind, to cre- ate historical accuracy, they used his stereocards. Fig. 9. The church across from the State Capitol today. Stereo by Larry Moor. Sony a

or a city that's used to seeing tury 3-D." The New York Times the biggest and best of every- poised the question, "Is 3-D IMAX Fthing first, it's amazing that it the future or another Cinerama?" took New York so long to open an In his article in the Times, writer IMAX theater. And what an open- William Grimes addressed the ing! A splashy, celebrity-attended expense of opening an IMAX 3-D premiere of Into the Deep and The theater, the need for a 3-D image Last Buffalo in November garnered make-over since most people iden- massive media attention from tify commercial 3-D with schlock, national TV shows and from influ- and the technical limitations of ential dailies and weeklies. This filming IMAX 3-D. He praised IMAX sudden attention sparked renewed 3-D and concluded that "dollars interest in both 3-D and IMAX 3-D and cents aside, success will film making and exhibition. depend on the artistic potential of IMAX 3-D may be old hat for vis- the technology. 3-D will either itors to world's fairs since 1986, advance the art of film, or remain

but many.- people, - including some I a giddy special-effects machine. critics, are now just The future is in the The Sony Theaters Lincoln Square beginning to discov- hands of the artists, complex on Broadway at 68th Street er it for the first /MAX 3-0 is not the scientists." in New York. More such high-tech time. The birr news The attention on monuments to film exhibition mav here: IMAX %D is not beina IMAX 3-D contin- be constructed in other U.S. cities: not being presented ued. Variety report- Photo by Sheldon Aronowitz. in a science~~ ~ center presented i;, a ed that although or a museum but in science center Sony doesn't release a commercial the- grosses for the IMAX ater-the spectacular or Q museum theater, the buzz had it that the the- new Sony Theaters but- - - - in- - - U-- Lincoln Square. ater grossed nearly by Don Marren (New York is already commercial $1oo,ooo for the home to a regular theater- the December 2nd IMAX theater at the weekend alone American Museum spectacular (tickets are $9 of Natural History.) new Sony each). Extra show- The Sonv IMAX the- -- ings had to be ater in this multi- Theaters added to accommo- plex is the first such date the crowds. theater in North 1incoln Variety went on to America to be Square. report that after vis- opened by a major its to the Sony exhibition circuit. IMAX theater, some Adjectives like "stunning," of Hollywood's most influential "astonishing." and "breath-taking" filmmakers were re-thinking their were used freely by several critics views on large-screen formats and to describe the amazingly lifelike 3-D possibilities. IMAX 3-D images. New York News- IMAX 3-D is only part of the day hailed IMAX 3-D as "2lst-Cen- high-tech razzle-dazzle that New he Deep

Yorkers are talking about. The new screen venue in the U.S.). The the- Sony Theaters Lincoln Square com- ater is the largest IMAX theater in plex is a star in itself. The show- the U.S. and the largest one in the place surely sets a standard on world to showcase the latest tech- which all multiplex movie houses nology in both sight and sound- will be judged in the future. Locat- viewers with infrared sensors and ed on Broadway at 68th Street, this IMAX Personal Sound Environ- new state-of-the-art wonder is a ment. The showcase is only one of lZscreen, 3600-seat theatrical the 10 (out of the 110 IMAX exhibition complex. The largest screens worldwide) to have 3-D theater seats 900, but the crown capability. Only two others-in jewel is the Sony IMAX theater. It Japan and France-are equipped to seats 600 but only 480 seats will be handle the newest electronic view- used for IMAX 3-D presentations er technology. because of restricted sightlines. The Concern had been expressed eight-story-high screen measures that a shortage of IMAX 3-D prod- 80 feet high by 100 feet wide (the uct might hinder the success of the largest theatrical

Nose-to-nose with the audience, a blue shark swims through a school of Spanish mackerel off the coast of California in the /MAX 3-D film lnto the Deep. Film critics (even including Siskel & Ebert) have praised the production and the newest /MAX technology. O ANM (1 991) 111 Limited Partnership.

Colorful garabaldis populate the kelp for- est where lnto the Deep was filmed. O ANM (1 991) 111 Limit- ed Partnership.

STEREO WORLD Novcrnherlnrrcrnhcr 1994 1m A giant starfish encounters a sea urchin in an /MAX 3-D close-up from Into the Deep. O ANM (1 991) 111 Limit- ed Partnership.

Sony IMAX 3-D theater investment. Low's Across the Sea of Time will that opened the Sony IMAX 3-D Not to worry. Scheduled for late open. Both are being distributed theater on November 18, 1994, winter or an early spring opening by Sony Pictures Classics. Included actually had its world premiere a is Jean-Jacques Annaud's Wings of in the Sony IMAX 3-D future is a few weeks earlier (Nov. 3) at the Courage, which was originally San Francisco theater. Several other new Suntory Museum in Osaka, scheduled to open in November. sites are also being considered. Japan. This 42-minute film about 1930 Indeed, the future of IMAX 3-D The filming of Into the Deep was aviation pioneers stars Craig Shef- has never looked brighter. made possible by the development fer, Val Kilmer, Tom Hulce and of the IMAX 3-D camera incorpo- Elizabeth McGovern, and is The Depths in Depth rating two camera movements in a rumored to have cost over $14 mil- Into the Deep (shooting title The single housing, making it compact lion. In the summer, Stephen Last Wilderness), the IMAX 3-D film enough for underwater work.

A View F /IAX I heal by Sheldon Aronowitz

istory wa! ; made or i Noveml teet by 101 teet, making it the sllvelr finish. 18, 1994,, with the opening largest screen in the world to show- T 1ie lenses i n the new IMAX cam- - - the Sony lMAX 3-D Theater case IMAX 3-D films. The screen itself era are spaced 2.85 inches apart and '"- ~~P\AJ8 "L"" York Cit) is 7,676 square fet:t of sear,iless vinyl "ilm, which is ten ti mes large!r Ttle screen, wnlcn IS rererrea to as and weighs over 800 pouncAS. It took conventional 35mIm movie film, 50 gallons of pain1t and coniputer ojected horizontall1y. The prc ljec- "eiglit stories high and ten stories . . . . : _I _ " , ,nc t.-. nv, w~ue,"or "80 x 100" is actually controlled spray qhl Iu ,,,wide the equipment is unlike that seen in a regular movie theater projectic room. Film sits on large platter- Tllc /MAX E31) /~(~(itl.~~ :I ~/I.VIIS .\,v> rced for vici shaped turntables several yards f rloine sc.rc,c9i1/MAS SOL~,L,L,,It,rl., r,,rLILv "orld lh1. 17 No. -I). Now npl~licrito flat scrc the Ixojector, travels th trough op , tllc 11cr1risct.sin(-orporrite tlie IMP fironn~ents JJ~tcrn with 2 r fitted to (~tihrit~cetlir tl1euter3si *m.Tlic S~Ftc.nl will In, air, ~ndis fed into the I~rojector ,)no/,inlrlti-lir~y~icil irtmntioi~ Wac ,) ly Shelrlo11 Arot7o~vit zont ally throu gh an ela borate se

that it or opac in re Fical char? touc hed off by infrared signals . - ha*..ned from intrared transmittc ed along both walls of the tl The headsets have receptor 'ront and each side to ensurc the signa I is not lo st when i ! member ,s turn thc :ir heads- (Stereo World Vol. 21 No. 3, page 35.) Earlier IMAX 3-D films had been filmed with the cumbersome IMAX dual-camera rig. Underwater life, with its vast space and floating in-your-face images, is a natural for 3-D. (Stereo took the plunge once before in a special venue film called Sea Dream. This 70mm Spacevision film-an overlunder single strip format-was produced for Marineland in Florida, and direct- ed by Murray Lerner. The 1978 classic has to be one of the most- seen theme park films ever made, and is still recognized as a major technical accomplishment that continues to be shown all over the world.) Based on initial critical acclaim and public response, Into the Deep Mounted on a tripod, the /MAX 3-0 camera in its underwater housing looks like some also figures to be a hot "must-see" sort of weapon from a low-budget science fiction movie. The creatures of the kelp for- film when it goes into wide release est quickly learned to ignore it, making possible the astounding 3-0 footage of lnto at other IMAX 3-D venues around the Deep. Photo by Mark Conlin, lmax Systems Corp. the world. Directed by renowned undersea filmmaker Howard Hall, where the interplay of colorful describes Into the Deep as a series of the 35-minute adventure takes marine life is reminiscent of a care- short stories held together by the audiences down to a unique world fully choreographed ballet. Hall structure of a single location. The

Lu avwu uy uu, not unc Ael>Lal IU vv~~y LI IC yla>>rb ~t try being "hlL ... "coming out of the screen." Ei3ch and bl~le lenses.' ' A few at ~dience What was ; even mc )re amusing eye of the headset opens and closes membc!rs brougtit their o\Nn polari; in the we'II meanin g but incorrect 48 times a second, staying opt?n for ing gla:aes, and one gentleman ne, lan nation:s was the audience reac- one ninety-sixth of a second. me insistea,.,, aespite my warning, tlon once tne movle started. As is After every presentation the 480 that his own polarizing glasses would common with IMAX 3-D, most of the pairs of glasses are put on rack :s and work "just fine" as they had in other action takes place about a foot in taken to a special room where each 3-D movies he had seen. I auess he front of vou-with infinitv at the one is fitted with a fresh battery, was in 1For quite i3 surprise een. To sc ee a mass8 of hands mechanically cleaned in a special unit, hand inspected, and put back LA.\ b.~neanyetT twng plncerl 111 rnt. ~l~ec~cr~~vrlecrgtii7rl potvrr ~lu\/lc~rt~rh.vrer~ tllow- I the rack to be returned to 1':ne g nt the Soiiv IMX 3-11 tlieote 'th tlleir oti eater for the next showing. I 4 tech- ~ad~rtslvill yet off nil nlnnrz if 3 ir hrrrlters r cian examines individual hea dsets leln! Stfreo l~yShi~ldoi 1 Aronowit iich mav need more extensilve ng each FIatron a c lean y functiolling pair of . . uurlng my vlewlng or I ne LI ffalo and lnto the Deep, it wi lite entertaining listening to D "experts" in the audience plaining t o their fri ends, spo uses d childreri how the! "3-D" is complishf ?d. Most 1thought t asses were polarlzlngr .. glasses ana plained polarizing theory as it per- ns to 3-D. Although educati "9 eir listeners,., thev misled thern as the current system . I overhe!ard e man tel lling his sc 3n that hc 2 did of opalescent squid mate, attach scuba gear. Says Hall, "You don't their eggs to the ocean's floor, and want to get into a situation where die-to become a feast for bat rays. you have to go up because you're The mating scene was described by low on air, and you would never Janet Maslin of the New York Times leave the camera, worth millions as having the look of "an abstract of dollars, down there." During the canvas" and "truly out of this filming of Into the Deep, the IMAX world." 3-D camera was the only one in "I do not make films that say existence. Since it was also being this is an angel fish," says Hall. "In used at the same time to shoot each sequence, I catch a series of another film in the Canadian behaviors and let you know the Rockies, shooting schedules animal. Some of the animal behav- became a juggling act for the two iors in the film have never been film crews. lnto the Deep director Howard Hall. seen before." The marine life of the California Photo by Michele Hall/HHR Hall points out that most of the kelp forest took the business of work he does is beyond the visibil- filmmaking in stride. First, Hall location is the kelp forest growing ity of the water's surface. "It's an and his crew concentrated on set- in the shallow waters along the entirely different environment, in ting up the shot, then they coast of California, and the stories many ways as alien as the moon." stepped back to let the marine ani- are the lives and behaviors of the Most of the film was shot at mals acclimate to the equipment. marine animals who live there. A between 30 and 70 feet below the "They seemed to know we're not a male garibaldi makes his nest and surface. The crew used mixed-gas predator," says Hall. "We don't attracts a female; she lays eggs and re-breathers, devices allowing them move or act underwater the way a he tenaciously fights off predators. to work at a depth of 70 feet with- predator would; we're awkward A moray eel attacks an octopus out encountering decompression and clumsy. They discount us." and the octopus ejects into the problems, and to remain underwa- The clumsiness is a result of the eel's face. A graceful giant starfish ter much longer than the limited powerful resistance of water. It was eats everything in its path. Hordes air supply provided by standard a constant challenge for the crew.

"grabbing" objects over the he;" -' I rlc LU 11 Buffalo deals with brilliant lnto the Deep takes you into the the person in front of t hem witt- and talerited wildlife sculptc3r Bill underwater world. The highlight of laughs of delight was, to me, as Lishman and contrasts his rnagnifi- the film is the capturing of the one entertaining as the filn-I itself. cent creations with wildlife in the night in the year that the opalescent As of this writing, all showingS wilderness and its need for protec- squid will mate. Thousands upon of have been completely sold out, and tion in order to survive. As a new- squid mate in a wild frenzy, anchor weekend seats are not available with- born buffalo is budged to its feet by their eggs in the sand on the ocean out prior reservation. Managem its mother, you can reach~ ~ o..' --" "---,and die-becoming food f-- expects that this will continue. ong-as Inost did. rest of the sea life. YO new IMAX 3-D films will I mler in the near future. Wings oi /J[l('ill $ l('[ll t1c of' Courage, a true story about cour age I 11111 fi/fll /J( 0- and loyalty set in Buenos Aires ir1 rclrtor~Aror 1930 tells the dramatic tale of tt iree , '---ndary pioneer aviators who e the first historic and dangc?rous ~ ail flight across the treacherlOUS es mountains. This will be ttle film by a major motion picture ctor (Jean-JacquesAnnaud) pre- ed in lMAX 3-D, as well as the III~L dramatic film in the IMAX 3-n formiat. 0pening nl ext sumrrler will be . - * -. Across the Sea of Ilme, the story ig boy who arrives in New Y looking for part of his famil] I arrived decades earlier. Rep culy, stereoviews of New York, cull- verted to IMAX 3D, will be highlight- ed in this film. "Nothing people do underwater The storyline of Into the Deep happens quickly or smoothly," emerged with the footage, and was says Hall. "When you set up here shaped by editor Barbara Kerr's you're going to miss what happens intuition for the requirements of over there. You can't swivel the mood, rhythm and pace. camera quickly. When you unlock Editing a 3-D film poses a special the tripod head, because the water challenge for all filmmakers. If you is moving back and forth, the cam- cut from a wide shot to a close-up era tends to pan unpredictably." in a 3-D film, it can be hard for the For most of the shots, the camera, eyes to converge quickly," says the which with its underwater housing film's producer Graeme Ferguson, weighs 1500 pounds, was either who is also the co-founder and fixed firmly to the tripod or float- past president of Imax Corpora- ing with the divers. Once the cam- tion. "Although we do it all the era starts going in one direction, it time with our own eyes-and it's can't easily be stopped. "You can't not an issue in editing 2-D films- hold the camera still. You float and when the shift is done for us with go with it." a 3-D camera it can be disorient- All of Into the Deep was shot "to ing. For some eyes, the transition scale". Hall points out that there is is more difficult than for others." In its floating underwater rig, the /MAX 3-D camera becomes its own no microscopic or telescopic work. Kerr's editing takes this factor into mini-sub, providing many of the "You can trust what you see. If it account by shifting gradually from most spectacular scenes (like the looks about six inches long, it is. distance, to middle ground, to blue shark) for Into the Deep. Photo There is no time lapse, everything's close up. by Mark Conlin, lmax Systems Corp. at normal speed. And the colors Director Hall, who holds a are actual, although not the colors degree in zoology, is also a film shows, including Spirit of you would see underwater without producer specializing in maritime Adventure, Tim carver's World of light." wildlife films, and the recipient of Adventure, and CBS Winter five cinematographer Emmys for Olympics. He was primary camera-

I he IMAX 3-D theater is only part 1 complex. I he maln lobby teatures I are again appropriately greeted ' of this magnificent Sony heaters floor to ceiling artificial palm trees 1 thanked for your patronage. In Lincoln Square complex. There are and a 67 foot long concession stanc a first class operation. twelve other theaters (nine of which Every patron is welcomed, greet- 'I1 end not by asking you to visit are completed) showing first-run ed, and made to feel special bv the Ll le Sony IMAX complex on your : movies, and each bears the nal me courteous, knowledgeable and pro- ne, :t trip to New York City, but i and architectural design eleme nts of fessional staff. A staff mem ber is rat1ier by asking you to make it the ; movie palaces from Loews' pas t. always nearby to answer questions ver y reason for your next trip to I (Sony acquired the Loews chain a and pro vide assistance. Or 1 leaving vv York. j few years ago.) Imagine watching I current movies in such historic the- ' rtl rrrrrl tnke-llp plnttrrr tor tire tlrrtll rtrrpr 01 1AM Y <-!I footclsvc2c trrl /ro/r/ rr, -+rs as the Kings (Brooklyn-1 9?"' LYlr rrrs of filrrr lL1, \A 11rl) fr1111~.1'11~7~~ tircr : State (New York City-1 921 ). the ot arrrl pro>/ to, provir/ir {y xrc'ntr'r c Irlr it11 01

~mpia(Miami-1 924), the Pal lace tail nnd nr I 111. Sl1cltlo 11 tlrorrotvit/. ashington D.C.-1918), and others jus t as grancj. The prem iere theat er in the Icom- lx is the LIoews, a 900 seat ttieater L-I ---., ..-A .., WII h a classic- uaILul ~y a1 IU I--- I 101 I orr late appointments. It is desi! anc j named after the "72nd Str Thl eater" in New York, which opened 1932, and whose design wa jed on the temples of Thaila j the Mosque Adinah in Ma1 ?om the ground floor lobby; * nning, ~oll~woodoriented, hand nted mural extends 75 feet high j features renderings of the his- movie pal ices whoIse ? each auc jitorium i n the with painted bodies dancing rn the light of a bonfire. Virtual Reality goggles are placed over "Alice's" eyes and we follow her on an exhilarating jet boat ride. Just as we are about to lose our breath from barreling through a narrow canvon in the high-speed From the hyperstereo canyon sequence in the /MAX 3-0 film Imagine. boat, the goggles are "liftedu" fim 7 our eyes and a scientist gives us a visual explanation of how 3-D can man for the National Geographic made to the film since the exposi- I .. > fool our brains into think in^- and special Sharks, which remains the tion.) feeling we are there. highest-rated PBS documentary Directed John Weile~l Imagine The jet boat ride is probably the ever aired, and director of under- whisks the audience On a journey most memorable sequence in Imag- water cinematography for the CBS to the ultimate frontier of sci- ine. To film this, a camera was special Dolphins, Whales and Us. ence-the mystery of human 'On- placed on each side of the heli- The director of photography for sciousness. "It's only recently that copter that followed the boat Into the Deep is Noel Archambault we have begun to understand any- down a narrow canyon and under (Stereo World Vol. 19 No. 3). He was thing about the brain to be able to a bridge. of the way the stereographerlcamera operator for let people into it," Weile~ cameras were set, the audience will The Last Buffalo and Echoes of the "The film takes the audience inside feel like they are practically touch- Sun (the first IMAX SOLID0 film), the mind. It deals with both objec- ing the sides of the canyon,ll says stereographer for Shooting Star, and tive and subjective reality-and Noel Archambault who shares stereographerldirector of photogra- has a lot of fun along the way." director of photography credit phy for 3-0 Safari. Imagine is a celebra- with Andrew Narrator of the film is Kate Nelli- tion of human Kitzanuk. "The gan, star of stage, screen and tele- curiosity and cre- effect is achieved vision. ativity that is at the "Because of because changing The initiator and lead investor of core of our humani- the way the the distance Into the Deep is Suntory Limited, a ty. The film's mes- between the cam- Japanese corporation with an sage is that if we are cameras eras tricks the eyes impressive track record of support to understand the were set, the of the observers. for cultural endeavors. Two addi- universe around us, Placing the cameras tional films, still in the planning we must first under- audience farther apart makes stages, are intended to be shot in stand the universe IMAX 3-D and to have their world within. fee/ like they thesmaller. images When appear the premieres at the Suntory Museum. As the film unrolls are practiCa//y cameras are close Suntory previously sponsored The before us, we are touching the together, the same Last Buffalo (Stereo World Vol. 16 caught up in a uni- images appear enor- No. 2 and Vol. 19 No. 3). This verse of dreams, fan- sides of the mous." The effect is IMAX 3-D film, which is being tasies, and longings. not only used in shown separately at the Sony the- The film's protago- canyon." the film, it is ater, premiered at Expo '90 in nist is Alice, a explained as part of Osaka, Japan, and has already been woman through the film's explo- shown at many IMAX 3-D theaters whom we the wonder ration of sensation and imagina- around the world. of imagination and the IMAX 3-D tion, making the process part of IMAX 3-D Imagine experience. We fall with Alice from the production, and taking the a helicopter in a free-fall bungee film into a realm beyond the gim- in General Release jump experience, and plunge with Another new IMAX 3-D film mick. her into what seems like another Imagine was produced by Roman worth catching is Imagine, which is universe. We dive up and not currently being distributed to IMAX Kroitor, senior vice president and down (one of the most magi- co-founder of Imax Corporation, 3-D theaters around the world (no cal pleasures) a watery New York date is set though). The Wild World Films (Canada), a sub- that gravity not (A sidiary of Imax Corporation, and 30-minute film, whose working submerged upside down 'MAX 3-D title was Imagine 3-0, was retitled Pan Corn International Inc. camera this stunning and (Korea), for Daewoo Group's Sci- Breaking Through when it pre- surreal sequence.) In the "mind miered at Expo '93 in Taejon, ence and Human Beings Pavilion lab" as a cylindrical machine runs at 193. Korea. (Some changes have been its light sensors over Alice's head, The View- Masters in Depth d Review by John Bradley

The book contains extended captions for each of the pictures, together with numerous black and white illustrations, mostly taken from View-Master advertising material. Even people such as myself who regard themselves as fairly knowledgeable in the field VIEW-MASTERVIEWERS - AN ILLUSTRATEDHISTORY by Mary Ann & Wolfgang Sell. 3-0 will find new information in here. Book Productions, 7 994, hardback, 36 pages, six View-Master reels. Available from Are there any criticisms to be 3-0 Book Productions, PO Box 19, 9530 AA Borger, The Netherlands for $49.90 made of this book? My only wish (U.S.) postpaid sea mail, or add $4 for airmail. was that the text could have been extended beyond the straightfor- he organization I work for has est technical quality. In this task ward descriptions of the reels. recently been exhorting us all he was helped by the generous Informative as they were, I was left Tto RLOT-put the Bottom Line support of local Cincinnati profes- wanting to read more and I know On Top in reports. So here goes: sional photographer Me1 Mitter- that the people responsible have VIEW-MASTER VIEWERS An Illustrat- miller who gave his studio and his an encyclopedic knowledge of ed History is superb, and if you time to the project. The book their subject. I understand that the have any interest in View-Master depicts all known examples of proposed next volume will cover you should buy it immediately. viewers that were the history of The idea for this project came sold to the general View-Master from from a conversation between Ma~y public, as well as the early Sawyers Ann and Wolfgang Sell and Harry some rarities that The book depicts years through zur Kleinsmiede at the View-Master were not. Also all known examples today. we should convention in Dinklesbuhl, Ger- included are shots be close with the many in 1992. The original con- of the seldom seen of viewers that Were second Volume to cept was a set of View-Master reels dealer advertising to the genera/ a definitive history illustrating interesting and unusual globe, special sets, of the company View-Master viewers. This gradual- and commercial public, as wellas anditsproducts ly grew as it became clear an viewers. I particu- some rarities that and I will be at the accompanying text would be of larly enjoyed the front of the line to additional interest. The final prod- views of the rare were not. buy a copy. uct is of the highest quality, with Belgium Model E People like Mary full color hard covers, top quality color variations, Ann and Wolfgang printing and presentation, and 42 and few collectors could boast the don't expect to get rich with superb color pictures on six View- run of brown, black, red gray and undertakings like this. They do it Master reels. cream seen here. (At least one of for love, not money. I for one am The reels are the centerpiece of these was previously in my posses- just grateful for their hard work, the production, and Wolfgang Sell sion until the ever persistent Mary enthusiasm and generosity in shar- has produced pictures of the high- Ann finally found something to ing their knowledge.= tempt me into a trade.)

STEREO WDRLD Novemherlllecemher 1994 1Ri It's A Boy! The New FED Camera

I mhelatest in the Ukrainian FED I stereo line is the new FED BOY 1European format (7 perf) cam- era. Preceded by the original FED Stereo and the Model MI the "BOY" name of the new model comes from the German distribu- tor responsible for the bulk of FED sales. The camera is still a program mode fully automatic exposure camera with manual aperture con- trol available at No second, intend- ed for flash sync operation. The big news is that this camera is built to considerably tighter specifica- tions than the earlier models. Exposure accuracy and consistency frim left to right~aremuch improved over previous FED Stere- os as delivered from the factory. Functional changes include a market, with a hyperfocal distance changes are primarily tar- switch from a fixed fl2.8 to a fixed of 6.5 meters clearly marked. The geted at making the FED One fl5.6 for "B" mode time exposures BOY uses the same commonly of the easiest to use stereo cameras (to improve depth of field) and available silver oxide #76 battery ever. removal of the fl16 manual aper- used by the Model M, as opposed Convenience changes have been ture setting. The tighter exposure to the obsolete mercury battery made to address earlier concerns specifications are difficultto reli- used by earlier FED Stereos. expressed by FED owners. These ably achieve at that smaller setting The FED BOY is being imported include a "push to turn" film due to the nature of the shared to the U.S. by Hewes & Kagan speed setting knob to avoid unin- shutter and aperture blades. Import & Export. The company tentional changes, and a knurled Also gone are the pictographs on has always preferred to do a "tune- lens grip and detents have the right lens barrel. The left lens up" on earlier models to bring the focus lever for barrel is scaled in meters only, them up to the specifications positive focus setting. befitting the camera's German expected by the critical U.S. stereo market before selling them with a i one vear warrantv. The initial ship- men; of the BOY kodel cameras has proven to be far more accurate Magic Carpet 3-D Fantasy so far, being within .1 stop of the Hewes & ~agantarget settings ave an IBM computer or clone? mapped polygonal islands, build- right out of the box-something HA CD-ROM? Enjoy video games? ings and undulating ocean waves that never happened with earlier Like seeing things in 3-D? Then with reflections leave your red and FED cameras. take a ride on Magic Carpet from blues spinning. That's right--expe- The FED BOY Stereo is available Bullfrog Productions, Ltd. and rience the wonder in anaglyph, SIS, from Hewes & Kagan for $450 with Electronic Arts. This flight simula- or 2-D (for the 3-D impaired). a two year warranty, while a Model tor stimulates the senses. You pilot Unfortunately, to run it you need M is $389 with a tune-up and war- the magic carpet, flying over island at least a 486133 CPU and 8 megs ranty or $249 as-is from the facto- terrain and shooting at giant of ram. If you are lucky enough to ry. For details, contact Hewes & worms, genies, and a frightening have a Pentium 90, Magic Carpet Kagan, 29W168 Lakeside Drive, assortment of other formidable enters the fantastic. Don't have the Naperville, IL 60564, (708) 904- foes. The interface is very simple hardware? Find a magic lamp 2431, Fax 904-2460. and the graphics' amazing texture- and ...

HI Novernber/Decernber 1994 STEREO WWD 3-D Software in the Classroom aterial from Stereo World and M other sources of 3-D images and information is featured in a recent issue of the multimedia Dis- covery Toolkip from Pierian Springs Software. Designed for use in com- puter-equipped grade and high school classrooms, Vol. 1 No. 5 of the Toolkit is devoted to "Special Effects and Experiments in Percep- tion" and covers several tech- niques of creating and viewing 3-D images, including a section on stereo photography. Sent to teachers all over the U.S. each month of the school year, the Toolkit contains up to ten megabytes of digital sounds, pic- tures, animations, and text fields on disk, focusing on a selected educational theme each issue. As well as a set of master disks, each issue comes with 25 co~iesof a newsletter filled with le'sson plans, World. A list of organizations and tosh software, and are intended for special projects, technology suppliers includes addresses for the unlimited use by teachers and stu- updates, additional related soft- NSA and ISU. Included with the dents both in the classroom and ware sources, and a bibliography. disks in the kit are glasses for view- on their home computers. More In the "Special Effects" newsletter, ing the on-screen anaglyphs which information on this educational material from the Stereo World arti- are part of the graphics program subscription software is available cle on 3-D Postage Stamps is designed for student experimenta- from Pierian Springs Software, included along with an extensive tion. 5200 SW Macadam Ave. Suite 250, bibliography of material related to Discovery Toolkits are available Portland, OR 97201, (503) 222- 3-D imaging-about half of which for most Windows, DOS, or Macin- 2044, Fax 222-0771. consists of articles from Stereo The Temple of Horus Through CrystalEyes isitors to the new "Big Future" center is designed to stimulate the Visitors can also operate a giant vinteractive theme houselfamily imagination of kids of all ages and lathe in 3-D. Developed and spon- entertainment center in St. Louis their parents with more than 80 sored by Sun Microsystems, the will be able to take an interactive different experiences like diving attraction allows users wearing tour of the long-gone Egyptian into virtual adventures, embarking StereoGraphics' CrystalEyes shut- Temple of Horus in 3-D by wearing on surrogate travel expeditions, tering glasses to create intricate StereoGraphics CrystalEyes" polar- trying interactive movies, and con- carvings by pointing a 3-D mouse izing glasses. Computer generated versing with large-screen multime- at a stereo-ready monitor. The images of the temple, polarized for dia computers. alternating left and right images left and right, are projected on a The sort of sophisticated imag- on the screen are synchronized 4 x 5 foot StereoGraphics ZScreenm ing technology usually found in with the glasses, in this case via and respond to visitors' move- research labs will be available to cable. Other StereoGraphics sys- ments of a joystick by turning cor- visitors. "Big Future brings technol- tems use the firm's CrystalEyes VR" ners and moving through the inte- ogy from the minds of some of the technology for wireless synchro- rior chambers of the site. world's greatest computer wizards nization and head tracking of the Sponsored by Intel Corporation, into the hands of our guests," shuttering glasses. the Temple of Horus was devel- according to Big Future founder For more information on Big oped at Carnegie-Mellon Universi- David Williams. "3-D makes it all Future exhibits, hours and admis- ty and will be available to Big very real-and that's what we sion prices, contact Big Future, 21 Future visitors through the spring intended." North Merrimac (2nd floor), St. of 1995. The 13,000 square-foot Louis, MO 63105, (314) 725-8700. Stereo at PSA Meet -Assignment -- - .------3-D - n upcoming regional conven- Continued from inside front cover) HASSLE-FREE 3-D tion of the Photographic Society A The Rules: WITH THE TECO-NIMSLO of America will feature an unusual CAMERA AND 3-VIEWER number of stereo projection shows As space allows (and depending on the for a regional PSA meeting. Gather- response) judges will select for publication in each issue at least two of the best views Use the lightweight auto-exposure ing on May 26 and 27 at the Hyatt submitted by press time. Rather than tag camera to make: Regency Hotel in Bellevue, WA, images as first, second or third place win- 36 Slide pairs those attending can see three ners, the idea will be to present as many Close-ups at 3 distances stereo slide shows on Saturday the good stereographs as possible from among Lenticular Prints those submitted. 26th: Talking to Myself-An Experi- Prizes are limited to the worldwide fame Use the Universal viewer to display: ence in the Third Dimension by Mar- and glory resulting from the publication of Realist and View-Master rollfilm ion Smith, Minerals in Stereo by your work. Anyone and any image in any NimsloINishika rolls print or slide format is eligible. (Keep in Barrie Bieler, and From A to Z in Mounted slide pairs 3-0 by Warren Callahan. For more mind that images will be reproduced in black and white.) Include all relevant cap- PRICES: information contact Chairman tion material and technical data as well as Jerry Vaness, PO Box 66604, Seat- New camera ...... $1 45 your name and address. Each entrant may Your Nimslo modified ...... $63 tle, WA 98166. submit up to 6 images per assignment. Any stereographer, amateur or profession- Close-up attachments al, is eligible. Stereos which have won 6", 12", 30" dist's (ea) ..... $29 Stereoscopic Society or PSA competitions are Opti-Lite flash ...... $29 Stereoscopic Society equally eligible, but please try to send views Eveready case ...... $1 2 made within the past eight years. All views Teco 3-Viewer ...... $87 Convention in Apnl will be returned within 6 to 12 weeks, but Stereo World and the NSA assume no respon- Add $3 shipping per order. hose who expect to be in kg- sibility for the safety of photographs. Please Calif. residents add 7Y4% sales tax. Tland this April should arrange to include return postage with entries. Submis- sion of an image constitutes permission for attend the Stereoscopic Society's MFD. BY: its one-use reproduction in Stereo World. All annual convention at the Moat TECHNICAL ENTERPRISES other rights are retained by the photograph- 1401 Bonnie Doone House Hotel in Harrowgate, April er. 21-23. Along with stereo projec- Corona Del Mar, CA 92625 Send all entries directly to: ASSIGNMENT Tel. 714-644-9500 tion shows and workshops, a Sun- 3-D, 5610 SE 71st, Portland, OR 97206.m day outing will include a visit to the National Photonravhic Muse- um (with its expanzed 3-D exhibit area) in Bradford. Harrowgate is one of the first and most attractive Spa towns in England, with good road and rail links. For details and registration forms contact Organizers Sue & Bernard Makinson, 36 Silverthorne Drive, Heme1 Hempstead, Herts HP3 8BX England, Fax 01442 250266.

Software That Fights Back n anaglyphic 3-D computer Agame called Depth Dwellers has been released by Trisoft (Box 83, Friendswood, TX 77546) at a sug- gested retail price of $39.95. One of the new "First Person" games in which the action happens to and with the player, Depth Dwellers involves various projectiles flying out of the screen at you. m

column depends on readers for iformation. ('We don't kr row everythiing!) Plea!re send infor mation or qiuestions to L)avid Storlkman, Newb'iews Editor, P.0. Box 23158, Culver City, CA 9'0231. THAPJKS TO Wanren Callahon, jennifer Davis, Marty Hewes, lincc)In Komm, a'nd David 01.en for sendi"g mot1?rial to New'Views. Latest Gifts D. DAVISSON: Third Dimension Soci- phers of the World in two vol- ety Publication No. 82. he following list includes gifts umes-Vol. 1 - foreign photogra- SUSAN PINSKY & DAVID STARKMAN: phers and Vol. 2 - U.S. photogra- to the Oliver Wendell Holmes the book Stereoscopic Phenomena of Stereoscopic Research Library phers. Compiled through the joint T Light & Sight. efforts of the late Wm. C. Darrah generously donated by NSA mem- FREEMAN HEPBURN: two photogra- and T.K. Treadwell. bers over the past several months. phy books and newspaper clip- Such gifts help the Library contin- pings. From Our Purchase Fund ue to build a unique and compre- DALE AND JANET ROSSI: Centennial Stereoscopic Eyes by C.F. Rrindel Stereo Views. hensive collection of material relat- Simplified Stereoscopic Ph~to~qraphyby ing to all aspects of stereo imaging. RUSSELL NORTON: a copy of his book C.W. Wilman STANDISH LAWDER: framed laser Stereoviews Illustrated - Vol. I - Fifty Early American. Stereoscopic Representations of three- print, Ft. Wayne Convention Logo. Dimensional Scenes by H.W. English PHOTOGRAPHIC HISTORICAL BILL WALTON: contemporary stereo prints. Art and Technique of Stereo Photography SOCIETY OF CANADA: the stereo by Peter Gowland slide presentation Around the World RON PAUL SMITH: the book Fourfield: Computers, Art and the 4th Dimen- How to Make Your Own Stereo Pictures by With Hubert C. Dell, 4 Volumes of Julius B. Kaiser Clarke Leverette's Cherry Pink Index. sion, the book Marilyn (with lentic- ular covers). Principles of Holography by Howard M. JIM CRAIN: an autographed copy of Smith e NSA has established the Oliver Wendell his book California in Depth. Researches in Binocular vision by Ken- 7"Holmes Stereoscopic Research Library neth N. Ogle located at Eastern College, St. Dovids, PA HARRY B. RICHARDS: a box of 35mm 19087. This library offers to researchers a slides donated by Mrs. Harold Iules Richard catalog large body of information on the history Brock of Milwaukee, WI. How to Make Polaroid Vectographs development, and continued applications of We now have in our holdings Stereogram m stereoscopy. It contains early cotaloqs and the recently published Stereogra- t rode lists of stereo photo grophers an,d pub- I,ishers, a col11zction of boc ~ksand peric~dicals both antiqut and curren t) on stereos COPY cmd related p lhotogrophic techniques, and a large study collection of both antique and TWELFTH ANNUAL SPRING SIXTH ANNUAL SPRING r o images. D.C. Antique Boston Antique Photo Show Photo Show "The #1 Antique Photo Image "The #1 Antique Photo Image Show in the USA" Show in the NE The NS-What? 90 tables of stereoviews, CDVs, 50 tables of stereoviews. CDVs, Daguerreotypes, photographs, etc. Daguerreotypes, photographs, etc. he non-profit National TStereoscopic Association was founded in 1974 tc 3 promot e the study and pre:servation of the sterec~scopic -.ir nages antd equipment ot the past and to encourage the growth of all aspects of stereoscopy in the 19 March,I 995 2 April, 1995 present. Resides publishing the lOAM-4PM 10AM-4PM bimonthly Stereo World, The Public Admission $5 Public Admission $5 NSA hosts regional and national Rosslyn Westpark Hotel Ballroom Westford Regency Hotel Ballroom meetings featuring collector's Arlington, VA 1-495 exit 32 to route 11 0 W. trade fairs and 3-D projection 1900 N. Ft. Myer Dr. Westford, MA program5 Preview admission 8:30 AM $20 Preview Admission 830 AM $20 If this Iissue of S tereo WorId is ,.- - .. > - L- AIL the first you ve nearu or rrie Boston show: 2 April DC Show: 15 March NSA, we invite yo u to writc: for Fall DC show: 15 October, 1995 Fall Boston Show: 22 October more infc~rmation . Send a !SSAE Managed by Russell Norton to NSA, P 0 Box 14801, Collurn- Managed by Russell Norton PO Box 1070 . - - - . -- bus, OH 43214. 1 PO Box 1070, New Haven, CT 06504 New Haven, CT 06504 (203) 562-7800 (203) 562-7800 i i L

STEREO WORLD Novernher/D~ernher 1994 Iw The 3-DVG Workshop: How to use yourfingers to turn aGy color magazine picture into 3-D by Kenneth J. Dunkley O 1994

his article shares its name with a quarterly workshop I conduct Tat the Museum of Scientific Discovery in Harrisburg, Pennsyl- vania. The workshop exposes peo- ple to a novel 2-D to 3-D visual display process that creates a sur- prising three-dimensional stereo- scopic-like display from ordinary two-dimensional color photo- graphs printed in any magazine. In 1985 I discovered the exis- tence of two points located on the periphery of a person's vision that, if obstructed, will cause an ordi- nary magazine picture to appear three-dimensional. The steps that optimized this visual process were patented (U.S. Patent 4,810,057) as were also the physical devices that implemented the process. The Fig. 1. invention, called the Three-Dimen- sional Viewing Glasses (3-DVG), pants realize from these demon- a1 appearance of depth," i.e., stere- comes in three versions: an strations that pictorial depth sensa- opsis. This awareness can be quite advanced model, an initiation or tion is a real entity; it is not an profound depending upon a per- training model, and an individual's illusion. Pictorial depth sensation son's interest in the study of picto- fingers! can be increased, decreased, or rial perception. My hope is that The 3-DVG forced me to totally maximized at will. But, more you, the reader, will be successful re-evaluate my concept of a pic- importantly, they learn that the in detecting the 3-DVG effect and ture. I tried to incorporate what familiar so called "illusion of will be inspired to explore and I've learned into a series of visual depth" inherent in any 2-D picture experience this new visual land- demonstrations. Workshop partici- can be transformed into "the actu- scape. Besides telling you about the workshop, this article will show you how to detect the 3-DVG effect L o thc e Vic g.. . and how to build and operate a I v- 3-DVG training device. It will also mostereop~is("Reiidin,p Colorc into 3-0 Planes") in SW Vol. 20 No. 1. Here, provide you with the rules needed inventor Kenneth Dunkley covers the hardware and techniques involve1d in to build your own advanced more detail and deccribes the rrniqrre 3-0 viewing workshop he conduc ts . 3-DVG instrument. While the 3-0 effect5 obtained from any particular color iinage are I ran- What is the 3-DVG? dom, and "stereoscopic" transformations of flat pictures owe mrtch to r ~cci- The advanced 3-DVG consists of dent and p5ychological considerations, the 3-DVG system real 'ly does w ork! a pair of hinged binocular hous- W""" 02"" .-. And lrnlike many other viewing methods, there's no loss of inlu6c \;r:rrurpness ings with matched optical frames or color. Mr. Dunkley's optical tricks with fingers and pinholes are carefirlly and variable pinholes on opposing riesi'yned arid presented in a way to make people more aware of their sense of ends. There are no lenses, depth perception and its subtleties. That, in fact, may be the best trick of all prisms or optics of any kind wit/I the most ffect. involved. The observed three- Ed. dimensional effect is caused by the - alignment of this simple system relative to the eyes. The alignment process is required learning in order to successfully operate the device. The 3-DVG's visual results appear genuinely stereoscopic in spite of limited actual stereopsis and a less than ideal viewing angle. This hap- pens because reduced stereopsis is compensated for by increased depth sensation, increased sharp- ness and enhanced visual contrast imposed by the pinhole, illocal framing, and Ames effects. (Ken- neth J. Dunkley, "A new 3-D from 2-D visual display process," SPIE, Vol. 1915, pp. 132-140, 1993.) A variable aperture properly adjusted 3-DVG device can give a person the momentary but I I distinct impression that they are Fig. 2. looking out of a window at the actual scene depicted in a maga- responded to a public address 1 Comments 1 zine picture. However, it should be announcement made a few min- noted that roughly 20 percent of Of a total of eighteen partici- utes prior to the start of the work- pants at the last two sessions (on persons who try it cannot detect shop. Ages varied from 8 to 65 the effect at all. 3/13/94 & 4/10/94) fourteen expe- years. rienced the 3-DVG effect and Workshop Agenda The workshop's visual demon- responded positively to a question- The objective of the 3-DVG strations included: 2-D to 3-D via naire addressing the relevance of workshop is to share, in an unbi- large viewing lenses, 2-D to 3-D via the workshop. The following com- ased fashion, knowledge of the monocular depth sensation, "nor- ments are representative; respon- 3-DVG phenomenon in the context mal" View-Master stereo viewing dents' ages are in parenthesis. of other known 2-D to 3-D depth versus the "superior" (63" wide Woman (31): "Fascinating. I had enhancing effects and also regular angle) stereo viewing provided via fun and will keep practicing." Man stereo utilizing stereo pairs. The a Carl Zeiss Jena Verant-Stereoskop (65): "An interesting demonstra- workshop has averaged nine par- stereoscopic viewer, nir showing tion of an effect which obviously ticipants per session. Persons who moving scenic pictures, and the enhances the value of viewing a attended had no prior knowledge 3-DVG invention. Persons who 2-D picture." Boy (10): "It was of the subject matter. They had don't see the 3-DVG effect on their neat. I really liked it." Man (45): first try are introduced to other "Yes, very interesting. Some known 2-D to 3-D visual effects. research or insight into the physio- These include the image produced logical/psychologica1mechanism by a large viewing lens and a would be worth while." Man (33): demonstration of monocular "Very worth while. I loved it! I depth sensation. Characteristically, take about 500 photos in a year about half of the participants in and I plan on using these different this group will see the 3-DVG effect methods on my photos. Thank on their second try. you." Woman (37): "I found the Persons successful at seeing the workshop interesting and was able 3-DVG effect are shown how the to identify with all but one pic- stereo effect can be adjusted, ture." Young man (15): "I liked it, Fig. 3. inverted, improved with small (or it was neat." Girl (9): "I enjoy it." variable) pinholes, and improved Girl (9): "I liked it." by adding the illocal frame (i.e., the advanced version). They also Summary learn how to select and illuminate Notwithstanding the comments a good picture, how to make the of the workshop members, I knew best of TV, and how to improve a they were thoroughly intrigued picture by increasing the viewing when virtually everyone stayed for distance. Finally, participants are over one and a half hours when shown how to use their curled fin- they had the opportunity to leave gers to create the 3-DVG effect. the workshop after the first half Fig. 4. hour. Emotionally, workshop par- ticipants feel as if they are seeing

STEREO WOW Novrrnhcr/l7rcrmhrr 10V4 lm Workshop Tools with theater-size motion picture The workshop's visual demon- screens, nor does it work well if strations are seen in Figure 1. contact lenses or an astigmatic Three 3-DVG advanced models are condition are present.) on the right, initiation and train- Finger Techniques ing versions are at the center. On The finger te~hni~uesshouldbe the left is a large viewing lens and approached from the vantage of a set of monocular viewing tubes having experienced the initiation used to demonstrate early 3-D model or,at least the home made from 2-D visual effects. A Carl "test yourself" example of Figures Zeiss stereoscopic viewer and a 7-9. Having said that, I know View-Master are also present. TV many of you will most likely go Fig. 5. viewing was included but care was right ahead and try it. Don't forget taken to point out that the 3-D to light the picture with extra light effect from ordinary (low resolu- and stand at a distance of 3 to 6 tion) TV is much milder than the feet away. If you see it, you will 3-D stereopsis observed from mag- know it. Good Luck! azine pictures. Moving TV pictures (1) The easy way to do it: using however, do provide increased your curled fingers. Figures 4 and 5 depth sensation. TV works best illustrate this technique. The trian- when small pinholes (1.0 to 0.8 gular opening formed when the mm) are used with only 10 to 20 fingers are curled as in Figure 4, if percent pinhole overlap. Room operated in accordance with the lights should be turned off. "test yourself" example, can give Requirements excellent results. You will find that Figure 2 is the prototype version virtually any clean, non-fuzzy Fig. 6. of the three-dimensional viewing hole, no matter what its shape, glasses (3-DVG). H is the distance will generate a surprisingly good from the variable aperture pinhole stereoscopic display. to the illocal frame. d is the vari- (2) The hard way to do it: using able distance between the pin- two straight fingers. Figure 6 illus- holes. The optical axes must be trates this technique, which comes constrained to move in a horizon- easily if you train for a few seconds tal plane while providing indepen- using the training model with '/z dent movement of d and the dis- inch diameter holes. Using the tance between the illocal frames, half-inch holes makes a person di. There are many ways to achieve realize that the inner edge of a pin- this mechanical requirement. I use hole can be simulated by the edge of a finger (or any elongated V16 inch thick cardboard for hous- ings and a differential "V" hinge object). Begin by positioning a fin- design made of laminated %z inch ger directly in front of the pupil of Fig. 7. cardboard (Figure 3). Housings and each eye, directly blocking your optical (illocal) frames must be main central vision. Then, move pictures for the first time and tend identical in size and housings both fingers slowly towards each not to watch the clock. should be darkened inside. Focus- other (i.e., move them in a nasal Finally, it is not uncommon dur- ing the advanced model: The pin- direction) while keeping the fin- ing the course of a session for holes are not observable when gers parallel. You will notice that someone to remark that the maga- looking through the advanced the dark region directly blocking zine pictures on view are starting model. All that one sees are the your vision is shrinking in size. to look 3-D all by themselves! This frames. But the pinhole's "separate, Stop moving your fingers when heightened sense of depth percep- look, and overlap" rule must still the dark region has shrunk to zero. tion following only one use of the be adhered to, and the user must Look for the 3-D effect. device is reminiscent of the situa- remember to "position the frames Test yourself tion where one suddenly observes as far apart as possible" and to (1) Make a blackened clean (i.e., a building they must have traveled select the smallest pinhole allow- non-fuzzy) hole, 2.5 mm or less in past many times over and never able under the given lighting con- diameter in the centers of two noticed. In this instance the ditions. In the workshop these business cards (1.5 to 2mm would appearance of increased depth sen- details are all but lost and users are be ideal). Or hold the card vertical- sation without using the invention instructed to keep adjusting until ly and fold it from top to bottom illustrates that the realizations pro- it feels like they are looking out of and then from left to right. Cut vided by the 3-DVG can subtly alter a window at the actual scene por- the smallest diagonal possible off the way a person sees the world. trayed in the magazine picture. the uppermost left corner. (This (Note: the 3-DVG does not work corner should end up at the center of the card).The resulting square 1. Is it giving you the clearest hole should be about '/16 of an and sharpest picture you have ever inch on its side and must be dark- seen bar none? (Switch back and ened with a black marker out to a forth between the device and your radius of Vz inch. normal view of the picture to (2) Select a scenic picture from a ascertain this.) magazine. Illuminate the picture 2. Can you look all the way into with extra light. If glare is present, a good scenic picture-like, out to eliminate it by tilting the picture infinity? (If you have trouble here, Fig. 8. or changing the angle of the light increase your viewing distance by source. three feet and try again.) (3) With a card held vertically in 3. Does the picture truly appear each hand, look through the holes to be stereoscopic? If you examine at the picture as in Figure 7. a scenic picture containing trees, (4) SEPARATE the cards just the foliage, or flowers you should be tiniest amount so the view able to distinguish the apparent through the holes looks like Figure difference in visual depths of small 8. individual elements of the picture (5) LOOK for the 3-D effect. such as leaves on a tree or flowers (6) Once detected, slowly ease in a garden. Fig. 9. the holes half way back so as to Presuming you were successful, OVERLAP each other by 50 percent congratulations are in order. Prior between 0.75 and 1.10 mm. TV as in Figure 9. The overall focusing to publication of this article only viewing at a 5 foot distance process is easily remembered by four hundred or so persons in the requires pinholes around 0.9 mm the instruction to "separate, look, world had experienced the 3-DVG in diameter. and overlap". effect. If you liked what you saw (2) adding an illocal frame to you can demonstrably improve the increase depth sensation and make How do ou know you have results by: 3-DVG the picture appear life size. detectei the effect? (1) using optical quality pinholes (3) using high quality variable This criteria is valid when high set at typically 1.40 mm in diame- apertures (0.7 to 4.00 mm in diam- quality optical holes are utilized. If ter for viewing magazine pictures eter) to provide focusing ease. your home-made holes are relative- (at distances of 3 feet or greater). For more information contact the ly clean this criteria will still apply Use anodized or otherwise black- author at 792 Brentwater Rd., although with diminished results. ened thin metal substrates (typical- Camp Hill, PA 17011, U.S.A. Phone An individual has detected the ly 0.06 mm thick). For viewing pic- & fax: (717) 731-9307.m 3-DVG effect when they can answer tures at short distances, between "yes" to all three of the following 15 to 34 inches, use pinholes questions:

Deep Screen Saver and Puzzling Stereograms ision Grafix, publishers of System requirements are has been fractured into 500 or wHolusion" stereogram posters Microsoft Windows 3.0 or greater, 1,000 pieces. Hallmark Stores car- and the single-image stereogram 4MB RAM, hard drive, and VGA or ries single-image stereogram jigsaw book Holusion Art, has released a better. The suggested retail price of puzzles that give a whole new screen saver software package (also Holusion Art 30 Screen Savers is meaning to "random dot" and called Holusion Art) that presents $24.95. More information is avail- could intimidate the most skilled 14 different stereograms on a com- able from NVision Grafix, 222 free viewer. Images on the Spring- puter screen when the keyboard is West Las Colinas Blvd. Suite 1840, bok puzzles were created by Digi- not in use. (Unlike "Sirds for Irving, TX 75039, (800) 759-2110, Rule, and also appear in some cal- Nirds" covered in the previous Fax (214) 432-8104. endars sold by Hallmark. m issue, this software is a screen saver If ordinary stereograms no only and won't create new stere- longer seem challenging, you may ograms.) want to try assembling one that

STEREO WRLD Novernherlnecemher 1994 la- 2 BAJA STORAGE CASES, great for 35mm slide KODASLIDE OWNERS: Supercharge your vlewer STEREO SALE, Usable Real~sts3.5 startlng $99 palrs. Each wlth 3 bakelite drawers and carrying with all-new repair & improvement kit. lncludes up to $180. - call. Realist flash - $23., 2.8 Real- handle. Each houses 300 slides. Brownflan or sturdy & bright reflector,new friction pad, etc., ist with Ektar Et - $650., TDC Colorist II Ett BrownNellow. Excellent condition. $25 each. plus 20pp. fully-illustrated text. Send $15 to G. with case $325.,Stereo Hit with case Et scarce - Norb Schneider, (602) 486-3721. Themelis, 10243 Echo Hill Dr., Brecksville, OH $350., Airequipt trays - $25 each, TDC Selec- 44141. SASE for more info on other kits, prod- trays - $25 each, View-Master flash - Mint IB 3-D CHILDREN'S BOOKS: Under the Seaand Wild ucts, services. boxed - $40., Wollensak Flash - $30., Revere Safari. Twelve pictures each, easy to read text. Flash - $25., View-Master Model "F $45., Tru- Redlgreen glasses. $12. each. Send check to NEW BOOK! STEREOVIEWS ILLUSTRATED Vol- Vue Strips - $3. & up - call for list, Keystone Sammon & Sammon Ltd., One Fox Road, Cro- ume 1: FiwEarly American; full stereo, full size, lighted pedestal Viewer - $95., TDC 116 Mint in ton. NY 10520. KILLER QUALITY duotones, 3-page price guide. box 4" lens - $395., TDC 716 with case Ettt - - -- - See review, Stereo WorldV21 #2, page 17. $20 600 VIEW Keystone View Co., set, in oak cabinet $475, Wollensak F2.7 Mint, wlcase $899., Real- postpaid (worldwide) by Russell Norton, PO Box ist Manual - Tydings $35., TDC Table Top Viewer with door, lock & key, 6 drawers, each divided 1070. New Haven. CT 06504-1070. into 25s. First 300 views USA, Maine to Calif. $125, Busch Verascope F40 Ett wlcase $799., Second 300 views mostly foreign. All in excel- NlSHlKA SALE! Like-new camera in slightly worn View-Master Personal wlcase $175, View-Mas- lent condition. Best offer! Send offers to J.E. original box wloriginal packaging & booklets, ter outfit - camera, case, cutter Ettt $575, Stein, 829 Tice PI., Westfield, NJ 07090. wlunboxed like-new eveready case, $70; Like- View-Master Model C wllight attachment $40., new camera in torn & repaired original box Realist Gadget bag - rectangular wllogo, scarce ARTHUR GIRLING'S "Stereo Drawing - A Theory wlbooklets, wlunboxed Exc.t eveready case, $60., lloca case - Et $35, View-Master flash of 3-D Vision and Its Application to Stereo Draw- $60; Like-new camera, missing tiny red lens attachment wlbox $49., Arrow View Tray - $25, ing". 100 pages hardbound 8Y2 x 12. Stereo over battery indicator LED, operation not affect- Realist Type A filters wlbox $25, -Type F wlbox photographers are finding that the book applies ed, $45; Twin-light flash unit, slight trace of cor- $25., Realist film cutter $49., Box "Kimax" metal equally to stereo photography and is a mine of rosion inside battery cover, but looks & works binders = Realist $35., Tru-Vue Grand Canyon information on methods of making 3-D pictures like new, $15. Please add UPS. Mark Willke, 200 wlviewer in silver "Fred Harvey" box $59., Real- and viewing them. Written in non-technical lan- SW 89th Ave., Portland, OR 97225. (503) 297- ist filters - 3 pair in leather case $49., Nimslo guage and profusely illustrated with B&W draw- 7653. camera $65, View-Master "Theater" silver ings as well as 11 pages of superb anaglyphs, screen in orig. box $75., Simplified Stereoscop- this book is a must for the serious stereoscopist. REALISTS, f12.8 and f13.5, both 9t, excellent ic Photography, C.W. Wilman 1936 - $75., Series Now available from NSA Book Service, 4201 working clw good cases. Wallensak -10, mint 5 matched filters, mounting supplies, boxed Nagle Rd., Bryan, TX 77801. Price (including CIWRevere case. Call Brent (203) 677-8422 stereo views, View-Master reels - call. Call for postage) $19.00 USA, Canada. Overseas add (Connecticut). miscellaneous wants - Always buying, Stuart - $2.00 surface, $4.00 air. phone or fax (908) 303-1883, Offers Consid- STEREO REALIST ST-41 camera, Mint- in Exc.t ered. BOOK, The Siege at Port Arthur, hardback with case, $145; ST-41 camera, Exc.t, $125; ST-41 3-D viewer, greatly reduced at $10 incl. seamail. camera & ST-61 viewer in original combo box, VIEW-MASTER BOOK SET: 2 Vol. Stereoscopic Add $4 for airmail. Ron Blum, 2 Hussey Ave., with room for slides after camera is removed. Atlas of Slit-lamp Biomicroscopy, by Alson E. Oaklands Park SA 5046, Australia. See reviews, Camera is Exc.lExc.t, viewer is Exc.t. lncludes Braley, MD & others from Dept. of Ophthalmol- SW, Nov. '87. worn original camera instruction book, $175; ogy, Univ. of Iowa, C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, Same outfit, camera is clean but Exc.lExc.-, 1970, incl. 30 V-M reels (210 stereoscopic views BRIGHTEN YOUR AC VIEWER with a 75Vl6W viewer looks Exc.t but has a few repaired in full color), plus folding compact plastic view- bulb, $3.95 ea. Screw base halogen bulbs for DC cracks, no instructions, $145; ST-61 viewer, er all in pockets bound into hardcovers, in viewers; $5.95 ea., $50110. Also, adjustable reg- Exc.t, $75; ST-81 projector, Exc.t/Mint- in deluxe slipcase. Very detailed look at the eye ulated DC power supply, attaches to any viewer Exc.t case.(Case has none of the usual cracks in incl. Cornea, Vitreous, Retina, etc. Like new mint for AC operation, supports all 2.5 V bulbs its base, but the handle has been repaired.) condition. Will be sold to highest bidder. Sale (including halogen); $30. Contact G. Themelis, lncludes one sequence file, $775; Wirgin stereo closes 10:OO PM Eastern Time, April 25, 1995. 10243 Echo Hill Dr.. Brecksville. OH 44141. - camera, self-timer sticky, otherwise Exc.1Exc.t Maillphone bids accepted. Mail bid to John BUSCH VERASCOPE f40, exct condition. in everready case, $100. Please add UPS. Mark Waldsmith, 302 Granger Rd., Medina, OH 44256 lncludes case, original flash, rare Busch gadget Willke, 200 SW 89th Ave., Portland, OR 97225. or phone (216) 239-1944, one minute rule used bag and sales receipt from 1951! Also synch (503) 297-7653. in this sale. Call if you need clarification or need cord for strobe and lens shades. $750 plus S&H. further info. Gary, (619) 229-8589 (San Diego). YOUR TOWN, your state historical stereo photos, EXPERT PROCESSlNGlMOUNTlNG of your Real- photographs, real photo post cards, documents, medals, engravings and memorabilia. MacDon- ist-format, E-6 slide films. 24-exp. $12; 36-exp. s part of their membership, NS A members $18; add $1.50/roll for First Class postagelhan- alds' Historical Collection, 1316 NE 113th Ave., A are offered free use of clossifieal advertis- Portland, OR 97220-2214. dling. Rush films, check1m.o. today to: D.R. ing. Members may use 100 word!i per year, Jacobowitz, 440 Rt. 163, Montville, CT 06353. divided into three ads with a maxi,mum of 35 words per ad. Additional words ond oddi- JOHN WALDSMITH'S "Stereo Views, An Illustrat- P tionol ods moy be inserted at the r ate of 20~ ed History and Price Guide" available signed 1964-65 NEW YORK Worlds Fa~r- Stereo or flat per word. Please include payments with ods. from the author, $22.95 softbound, add $2.95 . ., vlews Also stereo vlews of D~sneyland B~llCot- postage and handling. Please note: the hard- We connot provide billings. Deadline IS me ter, PO Box 7001, Mlss~onH~lls, CA 91346-7001. bound edition is sold out. Mastercard, VISA and first day of the month preceding publicotion - -- Discover accepted. John Waldsmith, PO Box date. Send ads to the Notional Stereoscopic ALASKA-KLONDIKE-YUKON-ESKIMO-ARCTIC 191. Svcamore. OH 44882. Association, P.O. Box 14801, Columbus, OH stereoviews wanted, also w~lltrade these. Addl- 432 74, or call (4 7 9) 927, 2930. A rote sheet t~onallywant Washington State, Idaho, Oregon

for displayf ads is ovoil,able upon re quest. stereoviews. Please write. Thanks, Robert Klng, (Pleose ser 7d SASE.) 3800 Coventry Dr., Anchorage, AK 99507.

HI NovemberIDecember 1994 STEREO mRLD ALFRED S. CAMPBELL vlews of Cleveland, Ohlo HARD HAT DIVER wants stereo vlews, post cards PITTSBURGH, PA or Alleghany C~tyflat rnourit (1896). Send coples or number and title. condi- and other memorabilia of deep sea divers. Paul stereo views wanted. Also looking for Realist tion and price. Gary Peck, 3552 Tuttle Ave., Schenk, 3600 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX format stereo slides of P~ttsburghfrom the 50s Cleveland, OH 441 11. 77062, (71 3) 486-831 2. or 60s. John Stuart, 115 Laurel Ct., Pittsburgh, PA 15202. ANY 3-Ds OF THE DOORSIJim Morrison are des- HELP! I have a working Nord Stereo Projector perately wanted by their largest fan club. Please from the Nord Company in Minneapolis, Min- RAUMBILD BOOK SETS and magazines 1935- help! Top prices paid! Kerry, 27 S. Sage Dr., nesota but no slide carrier. If you can help, 1944, Washington State, Spokane, or any clock Orem, UT 84058 or (801) 224-224-7390. please write: Pat Crofton, Box 401, Bellaire, TX manufacturing stereo views. Darrah 1977, excel- 77402. lent working stereo camera. Reasonable please! BAJA 8-DRAWER stereo slide cabinet wlplastic Send details to: H. Krauss, E. 10521 Cimmaron, drawers marked "Versafile". Mark Willke, 200 SW I BUY ARIZONA PHOTOGRAPHS! Stereoviews, Spokane, WA 99206. 89th Ave., Portland, OR 97225. (503) 297-7653. cabinet cards, mounted photographs, RP post cards, albums and photographs taken before SINGLE VIEWS, or complete sets of "Longfellow's BEAM SPLITTER for 35mm camera. Also stereo 1920. Also interested in Xeroxes of Arizona Wayside Inn" done by D. C. Osborn, Artist, Ass- views of children, machinery, or Pacific North- stereographs and photos for research. Will pay abet, Mass., Lawrence M. Rochette, 169 Wood- west, i.e. Alaska, British Columbia, Alberta, postage and copy costs. Jeremy Rowe, 2331 E. land Drive. Marlborouah. MA 01752. Washington, Oregon, Idaho. George Snowdon, Del Rio Dr., Tempe, AZ 85282. - - RR 2, Site 45, Box 6, Winfield, B.C. VOH 2C0, STEREO DAGUERREOTYPES; all kinds, all Canada. I COLLECT VlEWS OF SAN DIEGO, California in nations & subjects. Any condition. Ken Appollo, Realist or View-Master format! Contact Dave PO Box 241, Rhinecliff, NY 12574, (914) 876- BLACK HILLS VIEWS. I have moved to the beau- Weiner, PO Box 12193, La Jolla, CA 92039. 5232. tiful Black Hills and will eagerly buy or trade for local photos and books. Please help me build a KOREA, Hong Kong, Macao, and Spokane, Wash. STEREO DAGUERREOTYPES, especially Euro- great collection! Brian Bade, 13702 Mountain stereo views, old post cards, old photos. Also pean, sought in good condition. Also non-stereo Beaver Way, Rapid City, SD 57702-6563, (605) any stereo views by Spokane photographer O.W. daguerreotypes. Christopher Wahren, 111 Park 342-6087. Watson Go., Norman Thorpe, 6920 So., South Street Apt. 16-H, New Haven, CT 06511, (203) Meadows Rd.,. Spokane, WA 99223, (509) 448- 772-3968. BUYING STEREO SLIDE VIEWERS. Any model, 431 1. any condition. Paying top prices. Examples: STEREO VIEWS, cabinet cards, mounted photos, Realist OC $85., Realist AClKodaslide 11 $120. LOUISIANA and New York City stereo views want- etc. of Colorado and New Mexico taken by D.B. Also: Revere~Wollensak,TDC, V-M, Brumberger, ed. Also daguerreotypes of children with toys or Chase. Also interested in Xeroxes of the above and more. Contact: G. Themelis, 10243 Echo Hill other just plain lovely or interesting photos in for research. Mark Gardner, Box 879, Cascade, Dr., Brecksville, OH 44141, phonelfax (216) 838- any format. Also interesting cameras. Larry CO 80809. 4752. Berke, 28 Marksman Lane, Levittown, NY 1 1756-51 10, (51 6) 796-7280. STEREO VlEWS of the Navy airship USS Shenan- C. GOODRICH, Plainfield, Vermont - Stereo views, doah including transcontinental 1924 flight and any condition, for research. Contact Richard LYNN SKEELS, Ravenna, Ohio, views of Airships 1925 crash. Excluding Keystone view #17402. Petit, RR 1, Box 1770, Plainfield, VT 05667, USS AKRON & USS MACON. On gray mounts, Kent Bedford, 1025 49th St. NW, Canton, OH (802) 454-7897. similar to Keystones. Also want photos (any for- 44709. mat) or ephemera of Canton Bulldogs, Akron CENTRAL PARK - anything photographic: stereo Pros or Cleveland Panthers professional football TO MAKE VIEW-MASTER REELS of Realist and views, cabinets, CDVs, etc. 1850-1930. Herbert teams. John Waldsmith, 302 Granger Rd., Med- Nimslo slides and pictures. Any company who Mitchell, 601 W. 113th St.,Apt. 8-H, New York, ina, OH 44256. can, contact Anthony J. Longo, 126 Acton Road, NY 10025-9712, (21 2) 932-8667. Bridgeport, Ct 06606-1601. MUYBRIDGE VlEWS - Top prices paid. Also COLLECT, TRADE, BUY & SELL: 19th Century Michigan and Mining - the 3Ms. Many views TOSHIBA 3-D Camcorders, also 35mm prints of images (cased, stereo, Cdv, cabinet & large available for trade. Leonard Walle, 47530 Edin- 3-D movies. Michael Starks, 3DTV Corp., PO paper) Bill Lee, 8658 Galdiator Way, Sandy, UT borouah Lane. Novi. MI 48374. Box Q, San Rafael, CA 94913-4316, (415) 479- 84094. Specialties: Western, Locomotives, Pho- 3516, fax 331 6. tographers, Indians, Mining, J. Carbutt, Expedi- NANTUCKET, Florida, Blacks, Genre stereo views tions, Ships, Utah and occupational and viewers. Buy, sell, or trade. Chris Wampole, VIEW-MASTER REELS of Walt Disney World and 42 Lake Arbor Dr., Palm Springs, FL 33461, Disneyland, especially Epcot-Futureworld. COLORADO and New Mexico stereo views, cabi- (407) 641-6693, May-Oct. (508) 257-9763. Anthony J. Longo, 126 Acton Road, Bridgeport, net cards, mounted photos, etc, taken by D.B. CT 06606-1 601. Chase. Also xeroxes' of the above needed for NEW YORK CANAL and related views. Erie, New research. Mark Gardner, Box 879, Cascade, CO York Barge, Genesee, Champlain, Black River, VlEWS OF GLASSMAKING INDUSTRY, Glass 80809. Chemung, Delaware and Hudson, and Black Exhibitions, Glass Blowing, etc. Send info and - River canals, and other U.S. canals. Carl price to Jay Doros, 780 Chancellor Ave., Irving- COLORADO MINING TOWNS AND RAILROADS - Wampole, PO box 245, Nesconset, NY 11767, ton, NJ 071 11. All photographers - Stereos, cabinets, CDVs, (516) 724-431 1 call eves. large paper, glass negatives, albums, books, WEST VIRGINIA stereo views, real photo post illustrated with real photographs. David S. Dig- OLD U.S. MINT, U.S. Treasury stereo views! High- cards, CDVs, cabinet cards and other better pho- gerness, 4953 Perry St., Denver, CO 80212- est prices paid for stereo views I need of U.S. tos. Tom Prall, PO Box 155, Weston, WV 26452. 2630. (303) 455-3946. Specialties: Locomo- Mint, coining operations, paper money engrav- WILD WEST WANTED! Buffalo Bill, Annie Oakley, tives, street scenes, survey teams, expeditions, ing & printing operations, U.S. Mint interiors, Indians, Cowboys, outlaws, lawmen. Wild West stagecoachs, freight wagons, and occupational. exteriors from ""Philadelphia, San Francisco, Show performers. Western town views. Stereos, New Orleans, Denver, Carson City, NV, Dahlone- FLAT MOUNT VlEWS of Russia, especially those cabinets, CDVs, large photos. Please send Xerox ga, GA, Charlotte, NC, mints, plus U.S. Treasury copy and price, serious buyer. Art Sowin, 8436 by Russian photographers; will buy or trade. & Bureau of Engraving & Printing operations, Also want to correspond with anyone interested Samra Dr., West Hills, CA 91304, (818) 346- Washington, DC. Please mail or FAX photocopy, 2171. in such material with a view to an article on it. with price and condition noted. I'll reply within T.K. Treadwell, 4201 Nagle Rd., Bryan, TX 48 hours. Attn Dave Sundman, c/o Littleton Coin YELLOWSTONE N.P. by Stereo Travel Co., Num- 77801. Co., 253 Union St., Littleton, NH FAX 603-444- bers 1 through 4, 9, 17 & 18, 28, 33 & 34, 38 & FLORIDA STEREOS of historical value, especially 2101. (est. 1945). 39, 50 & 51, 57, 70 thru 75, 87 & 89. John Tallahassee, Tampa and Gainsville: Price and Johanek, 4750 Rolling Hills Drive., Bozeman, MT describe or send on approval; highest prices 5971 5. m paid for pre-1890 views. No St. Augustine. Hen- drickson, PO Box 21153, Kennedy Space Center, FL 3281 5. March 4 (FL) March 19 (vA) March 26 (BC) Camera Exchange Show-Sale, Quality Inn, DC Antique Photo Image Show, Rosslyn Vancouver Annual Spring Camera Swap Meet, DeLand, FL. Contact Florida Camera Shows, Westpark Hotel, 1900 N. Ft. Meyer Dr., Arling- Kerrisdale Community Center, 5851 West (904) 738-0549. ton, VA. NOTE: DATE IN DISPLAY AD IN PREVI- Blvd., Vancouver, BC. Contact Siggi Rohde, March 4 (Ms) OUS ISSUE WAS INCORRECT. Contact Russell (604) 941 -0300. 5th Ocean Springs Photographic Equipment Norton, PO Box 1070, New Haven, CT 06504, March 26 (Ont.) Swap Meet, Latimer Community Center, Ocean (203) 562-7800. Photographic Historical Society of Canada Springs, MS. Contact David Stires, 11708 Jor- March 19 (CAI Annual Spring Photographica Fair, Queensway dan Rd., Ocean Springs, MS 39565, (610) Buena Park Camera Expo, Sequoia Club, 7430 Lions Center, 3 Queensway Lions Court, 392-6974. Orangethorpe Ave., Buena Park, CA. Call (714) Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Contact Mark March 5 (CAI 786-8183 or (714) 786-6644. Singer, 421 Horsham Ave., North York, Ont. Pasadena Camera Show and Sale, Pasadena March 19 (GA) M2R 1H3, Canada, (416) 221 - 8888. Elks Lodge, 400 W. Colorado Blvd., Pasadena, Atlanta Camera Show & Sale, Holiday Inn April 21-23 (UK) CA. Contact Anton at Bargain Camera Shows, Northwest, 1-75 North & Delk Rd. Contact Stereoscopic Society Annual Convention, PO Box 5352, Santa Monica, CA 90409, (31 0) Atlanta Camera Shows, PO Box 360033, Moat House Hotel, Harrogate, North York- 578-7446. Decatur, GA 30036, (404) 987-2773. shire, England. See the item in NewViews or March 5 (UK) March 19 (OR) contact Sue & Bernard Makinson, 36 Silver- Fotoclassica International, Wolverhampton Portland Photographer's Forum Camera Swap thorn Dr., Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP3 8BX, Racecourse, Dunstall Park, Wolverhampton. Meet, Sam Jackson Armory, 6255 NE Corn- England, 01442 258805, fax 01442 250266. Contact David Cole, 0902 791 51 1, fax 0902 foot, Portland, OR. Contact PPF, PO Box 5643, April 30 (Tx) 791 585. Portland. OR 97228. (503)~, 557-9196. NSA SOUTH CENTRAL REGIONAL SPRING March 11-12 (CA) March 19 MEETING, 8:30 am to 2 pm, College Station San Francisco Bay Area Camera Show, Scot- New York City Camera Show, Embassy Ball- Conference Center, College Station. TX. Con- tish Rite Auditorium, 1547 Lakeside Dr., Oak- rooms, Park Inn, 440 W. 57th St., New York, tact Carroll Bell, 900 Harvey Rd. #13, College land, CA. Contact Carney & Co., 231 Market NY. Contact New York City Camera Shows, 25 Station, TX 77840, (409) 693-7004. Place #379, San amo on, CA 94583, (510) Leary Ave., ~loomin~dale,NJ 07403, (201) 828-1797. I 838-4301. March 11-12 (NE) Omaha Camera Show, Radial Social Hall, 1516 Northwest Radial Hwy. Contact Jim Tunzer, 1808 N. 59th St., Omaha, NE 68104, (402) 558-9473 (AM) or Jay Casebeer, (402) 496- 1918 (PM). /\RCHIVAL SLEEVES: clear 2.5-mil Polwro~vlene CDV (3 YB' X 4 348') per 100: $7 case of 1000: $60 March 12 (CA) CDV POLYESTER (2-mil) per 100:SlO caseof1000: $90 Santa Monica Camera Show and Sale, Santa POSTCARD (3 344' X 5 314') ~er100: $8 case of 1000: SM Monica Civic Auditorium, Santa Monica, CA. POSTCARD PAGE 4pock&lw bad kr 100: $16 case of 500: $70 4x5' per 100: 58 cased 1000: $70 Call (310) 578-7446. STEREO IX6 34COVER (3 Y4'x 7) per 1W: SB case of 1000: $80 STEREO POLYESTER per 100: 2-mA $12 or 3-mil $16 March 12 (NJ) CABlNETlCONTlNENTAL I4 YE. X 7)Der 100: S10 cased 1000: $90 Second Sunday Camera Show, Firemans Hall, #lo COVER (4 31r x 9 ~8.j per 100: $10 cased 500: $45 9x7 per 50: $7 carjed 200: $25 Parrish Drive, Wayne, NJ. Contact Second BOUDOIR 15 lPX 8 1/2l ~er25: 56 cased 500: $80 Sunday Camera Show, 25 Leary Ave., Bloom- 8'x 10- per 25: 58 caseof 200: 540 ingdale, NJ 07403, (201) 838-4301. 11' x 14' per 10: $8 caseof 100: 545 16' x W (unsealed flap) per 10: $2'0 caseof 100: $93 March 18-19 Fx) Russell Norton, PO Bx 1070, New Haven, CT 06504-1070 Photographic Collectors of Houston Show. US SHIPPING: 54 per order. lnstitutonal billing. (1993) ~olid6inn-~obb~ Airport. Call (713) 943- 7979.

PRECISION FOLDING STEREO VIEWER For all standard Reallst 30 stereo slides. Glass or cardboard mounted. Folds flat, we~ghsonly 1 oz. nta, GA June 2 Prepaid minimum order $10.00. Add $1.00 for 1996 sh~pp~ngand handling. 1 Rochester, NY A FREE CATALOG AVAILABLE. TO ORDER CALL TOLL FREE 800-223-6694 i I Bellewe, V July 4-6 1 TAYLOR MERCHANT CORP. 212 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 THE3-DVG* EFFECT:THE MOSTEXCITING VISUAL PHENOMENON SINCE THE - INVENTIONOF HOLOGRAPHYAND IMAx THEATER -

The 3-DVG invention* was highlighted in the MarchIApril 1993 issue of Stereo World and again in the Nov./Dec. 1994 issue. The 3-DVG viewing device will take any color picture in a magazine and turn it into a 3- D stereo display. However, the utter simplicity in which this effect is accomplished creates a visual gateway to a totally new way of looking at pictures. In 1992 a small marketing effort resulted in ten percent of the Initiation Model buyers writing unsolicited letters. These early buyers received the Initiation version without any explanatory literature. The very first letter I received kind of said it all. Mike Johnson of Wheaton, IL 60187, wrote: "...As a person who's interest in 3-D has been a life-long affair, I must say that I am absolutely flabbergasted that the effect of three dimensions can be achieved by such a simple device...I was able to achieve the desired 3-D effect on my very first try. Ever since, I have been pouring through old magazines, comic books, and sitting in front of the television, exploring an old territory in a totally new way. ... It is truly exciting to be among the first to experience this discovery." A 3-DVG Workshop kit will lead to a complete revision of your visual perception regarding pictures. The device and the information provided in the kit will allow you to personally resolve the centuries old paradox surrounding the "illusion of depth" inherent in any 2-D picture. If you have an interest in pictorial perception ...y ou must experience the 3-DVG. The advanced 3-DVG (with variable pinholes) allows pictorial depth sensation to be continuously varied starting from the appearance of a normal picture and adjusted to a display possessing increased clarity, increased contrast, increased resolution, increased depth sensation and last but not least stereopsis, i.e., it appears 3-D! (The 3-DVG does not work with large screen motion pictures, nor does it work well if contact lenses or a strong astigmatic condition is present. Also, 20% of persons with normal vision do not experience the 3-DVG effect.) 3-DVG Workshop Kits are now available on a limited basis. They are made expressly for the stereo and visual enthusiastfexperimenter who wish to explore this new and exhilarating visual phenomenon.

I I 1 3-DVG Training Model Kit 3-DVG Initiation Model 3-DVG Advanced Model Kit

ITEM DES~ON OPTICAL PROPERTIES PRICE 3-DVG Training Model Kit Four sets of optical quality unmounted pinholes and four precut cardboard Allows for normal and For the enthusiast or blanks allow you to assemble four training models, each with a different close-up viewing of experimenter pinhole size (1.40. 1.10, 0.90 & 0.75 mm). 3-DVG resource information pictures and almost 24.95 A Best buy included, 18 pages. Five minute assembly time per unit. Does look optimum TV viewing. pretty. 30 day unconditional warranty 3-DVGInitiation Model Unit has 1.40 mm pinholes and instructions printed on the unit. 3-DVG Allows for normal resource information included, 18 pages. Looks pretty. serially numbered. viewing of pictures and For the collector No assembly required. 30 day unconditional warranty acceptable TV 19.95 viewing. 3-DVG Advanced Model Precut cardboard unit comes with four sets of optical quality mounted This unit provides the Klt pinholes and magnetic mounts for quick pinhole swaps. This unit is for the optimum 3-D effect for wbedaperture pinholes enthusiast or experimenter wishing to fully maximize the 3-DVG effect. pictures and TV 49.95 For the serious experimenter One Training Model (1.40 mm) also included. Unit requires 1.5 hour assemble time with cyanoacrylate glue. Kit contains 18 prefitted parts, instructions & resource info. 30 day unconditional warranty. Variable Pinhole Kit One pair of optical quality variable pinholes to upgrade the Advanced Will provide the to upgrade the Advanced Model; lf2 hour installation. Or, use them to create your own 3-DVG optimal focusing ease 95.00 Model designs. 30 day unconditional warranty. with a range of 0.75 mot illustrated) to 5.0 mm

Satisfaction is absolutely guaranteed. Send the specified amount in check or money order payable to: Holospace Laboratories, Inc. Mail it to: Holospace Laboratories, 792 Brentwater Rd., Camp Hill, PA 17011. Pennsylvania residents add 6% sales tax. Telephonepax Inquires: (717) 731-9307. *US. Patent 4,810,057 % THE MAGAZINE OF 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING, PAST & PRESENT

.W. Wilson No. 16, "The Uomshell Cave, Stah." (One of at least five wnants.) From G "Collecting C. W. Wilson's Stereugmphs" by Jonathan Ross on page 4.