DOCSLIB.ORG

Dylann Storm Roof Indictment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dylann Storm Roof Indictment IN THE UNI TED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH CAROLI NA CHARLESTON DIVISION UNI TED STATES OF AMERICA CR. NO.: 18 u.s.c. § 249(a) (1) V. 18 u.s.c. § 247 (a) (2) 18 u.s.c. § 247 (d) (1) 18 u.s.c. § 247{d) (3) DYLANN STORM ROOF 18 u.s.c. § 924 {c) (1) (A) 18 u.s. c . § 924 (c) (1) (C) 18 u.s.c. § 924 ( j) 18 u.s.c. § 3591 18 u.s.c. § 3592 INDICTMENT THE GRAND JURY CHARGES: 1. Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF is a wh ite male who, on June 17, 2015, was twenty-one years old. 2 . In April 2015, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF purchased a Glock, model 41, .45 caliber pistol . 3 . In the months before June 17, 2015, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF decided to attack African- Ame ricans because of their race. He further decided to attack African-American worshipers in an African-American church in order to make his attack more notorious . 4 . Prior to June 17, 2015, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF obtained and used the website lastrhodesian. com. He 1 placed on that website a manuscript and photographs expressing his racist beliefs. In the manuscript, DYLANN STORM ROOF uses racial slurs to describe African-Americans, expresses his belief that white people are superior to African-Americans, and decries integration. The photographs on lastrhodesian. com include DYLANN STORM ROOF wearing a jacket with flags of two former apartheid African nations, displaying his Glock .45 caliber pistol, and holding a confederate flag. 5. On the evening of June 17, 2015, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF drove to the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Charleston, South Carolina, commonly referred to as "Mother Emanuel," to attack African-American parishioners engaged in religious activities. He selected Emanuel AME Church because it had a predominately African­ American membership, and because it was significant to the people of Charleston, of South Carolina, and of the Nation. 6 . By attacking African-American parishioners, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF wanted to increase racial tensions across the Nation, and sought retribution for perceived wrongs he believed African-Americans had committed against white people. 2 7. On the evening of June 17, 2015, African-American parishioners at Emanuel AME Church were participating in a religious worship and Bible study group led by Reverend Clementa Pinckney (a forty-one-year-old African-American man) and attended by Reverend Sharonda Coleman-Singleton (a forty-five-year-old African-American woman), Cynthia Hurd (a fifty-four-year-old African-American woman), Susie Jackson (an eighty-seven-year-old African-American woman) , Ethel Lee Lance (a seventy-year-old African-American woman), K .M. (an eleven-year-old African-American girl), Reverend DePayne Middleton-Doctor (a forty-nine-year-old African-American woman) , Felicia Sanders (a fifty-eight - year-old African-American woman) , Tywanza Sanders (a twenty-six-year-old African-American man), Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr. (a seventy-four-year-old African-American man) , Polly Sheppard (a seventy-year-old African-American woman), and Myra Thompson (a fifty-nine-year-old African­ American woman) . 8. On the evening of June 17, 2015, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF entered Emanuel AME Church with his Glock, model 41, .45 caliber pistol and eight magazines loaded with hollow-point bullets, with the intent of killing African- 3 . Americans engaged l.Il the exercise of their religious beliefs. 9. The parishioners welcomed Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF into their Bible study group, and ROOF sat next to Reverend Clementa Pinckney. 10. While the parishioners were engaged in religious worship and Bible study, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF drew his pistol and opened fire on the par ishioners, ki lling Reverend Sharonda Coleman-Singleton, Cynthia Hurd, Susie Jackson, Ethel Lee Lance, Reverend DePayne Middleton- Doctor, Reverend Clementa Pinckney, Tywanza Sanders, Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr., and Myra Thompson; and attempting to kill K.M., Felicia Sanders, and Polly Sheppard. COUNTS 1-9 (Hate Crime Act Resulting in Death) THE GRAND JURY FURTHER CHARGES : 11. The allegations set forth in paragraphs 1 through 10 are repeated and realleged as if set forth fully herein. 12. On or about June 17, 2015, in the District of South Carolina, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF willfully caused bodily injury to the below-listed victims because of their actual and perceived race and color: 4 COUNT VICTIM 1 Reverend Sharonda Coleman- Singleton 2 Cynthia Hurd 3 Susie Jackson 4 Ethel Lee Lance 5 Reverend De Payne Middleton-Doctor 6 Reverend Clemen ta Pinckney 7 Tywanza Sanders 8 Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr. 9 Myra Thompson The offenses resulted in the death of each of the victims in Counts 1 to 9. All in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 249 (a) (1). COUNTS 10-12 (Hate Crime Act Involving An Attempt to Kill) THE GRAND JURY FURTHER CHARGES: 13. The allegations set forth in paragraphs 1 through 10 are repeated and realleged as if set forth fully herein. 14. On or about June 17, 2015 , in the District of South Carolina, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF, through the 5 use of a firearm (a Glock, mode l 41, . 45 caliber pistol) , attempted to cause bodily injury to the below-listed victims because of their actual and perceived race and color: COUNT VICTIM 10 K.M. 11 Felicia Sanders 12 Polly Sheppard The offenses included an attempt to kill each of the victims in counts 10 to 12 . All in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section 249(a) (1). COUNTS 13-21 (Obstruction of Exercise o f Religion Res ulting in Death) THE GRAND JURY FURTHER CHARGES: 15. The allegations set forth in paragraphs 1 through 10 are repeated and realleged as if set forth fully herein. 16. On or about June 17, 2015, in the District of South Carolina, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF intentionally obstructed by force each victim listed below in the 6 enjoyment of that victim's free exercise of religious beliefs: COUNT VICTIM 13 Reverend Sharonda Coleman-Singleton 14 Cynthia Hurd 15 Susie Jackson 16 Ethel Lee Lance 17 Reverend De Payne Middleton-Doctor 18 Reverend Clementa Pinckney 19 Tywanza Sanders 20 Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr. 21 Myra Thompson The acts of Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF resulted in the death of each victim listed in Counts 13 to 21 and were in and affected interstate commerce. All in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Sections 247(a) (2) and 247 (d) (1). 7 COUNTS 22-24 (Obstruction of Exercise of Religion Involving An Attempt to Kill and Use of a Dangerous Weapon) THE GRAND JURY FURTHER CHARGES: 1 7. The allegations set forth in paragraphs 1 through 10 are repeated and realleged as if set forth fully herein. 18. On or about June 17, 2015, in the District of South Carolina, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF intentionally obstructed by force and threat of force each victim listed below in the enjoyment of that victim's free exercise of religious beliefs, and attempted to do so: COUNT VICTIM 22 K.M. 23 Felicia Sanders 24 Polly Sheppard The acts of Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF included an attempt to kill each of the victims in Counts 22 to 24; involved the use of a dangerous weapon (a Glock, model 41, .45 caliber pistol); and were in and affected interstate commerce. All in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Sections 247 (a) (2), 247 (d) (1), and 247 (d) (3) . 8 COUNTS 25-33 (Use o f a Firearm to Conunit Murder During and In Relation to a Crime of Violence) THE GRAND JURY FURTHER CHARGES: 19. The allegations set forth in paragraphs 1 through 10 are repeated and realleged as if set forth fully herein. 20. On or about June 1 7, 2015, in the District of South Carolina, Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF knowingly used and discharged a firearm (Glock, model 41, .45 caliber pistol) during and in relation to a crime of violence for which he may be prosecuted in a court of the United States - violations of 18 u.s.c. § 249 as charged in Counts 1 to 9, and violations of 18 U.S . C. § 247 as charged in Counts 13 to 21 - and caused the death of each victim listed below through the use of t he fire arm in such a manner as to constitute murder as defined in 18 u.s.c. § 1111, in that the Defendant, with malice aforethought, did unlawfully kill each victim with the firearm . COUNT VICTIM 25 Reverend Sharonda Coleman-Singleton 26 Cynthia Hurd 27 Susie Jackson 9 28 Ethel Lee Lance 29 Reverend De Payne Middleton- Doctor 3 ff Reverend Cl ementa Pinckney 31 Tywanza Sanders 32 Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr. 33 Myra Thompson All in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Sections 924 (c) (1) (A), 924 (c) (1) (C), and 924 (j) (1). NOTICE OF SPECIAL FINDINGS PURSUANT TO TITLE 18 , UNITED STATES CODE, SECTIONS 3 591 AND 3 592 THE GRAND JURY FURTHER FINDS: 21. The allegations set forth in para9raphs 1 through 20 are repeated and reall eged as if set forth fully herein. 22. As to Counts 13-21 and 25-33, the Defendant DYLANN STORM ROOF: (a) was 18 years of age or older at the time of the offense; (b) intentionally killed Reverend Sharonda Coleman- Singleton, Cynthia Hurd, Susie Jackson, Ethel Lee Lance, Reverend DePayne Middleton- Doctor, Reverend Clementa Pinckney, Tywanza 10 Sanders, Reverend Daniel Simmons, Sr. , and Myra Thompson (18 U. S.C . § 3591 (a) (2) (A)); (c) intentionally inflicted serious bodily injury that resulted in the deaths of Reverend Sharonda Coleman-Singleton, Cynthia Hurd, Susie Jackson, Ethe 1 Lee Lance, Reverend DePayne Middleton- Doctor, Reverend Clementa Pinckney, Tywanza Sanders, Reverend Daniel Simmons , Sr.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Alt-Right on Campus: What Students Need to Know
    THE ALT-RIGHT ON CAMPUS: WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW About the Southern Poverty Law Center The Southern Poverty Law Center is dedicated to fighting hate and bigotry and to seeking justice for the most vulnerable members of our society. Using litigation, education, and other forms of advocacy, the SPLC works toward the day when the ideals of equal justice and equal oportunity will become a reality. • • • For more information about the southern poverty law center or to obtain additional copies of this guidebook, contact [email protected] or visit www.splconcampus.org @splcenter facebook/SPLCenter facebook/SPLConcampus © 2017 Southern Poverty Law Center THE ALT-RIGHT ON CAMPUS: WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW RICHARD SPENCER IS A LEADING ALT-RIGHT SPEAKER. The Alt-Right and Extremism on Campus ocratic ideals. They claim that “white identity” is under attack by multicultural forces using “politi- An old and familiar poison is being spread on col- cal correctness” and “social justice” to undermine lege campuses these days: the idea that America white people and “their” civilization. Character- should be a country for white people. ized by heavy use of social media and memes, they Under the banner of the Alternative Right – or eschew establishment conservatism and promote “alt-right” – extremist speakers are touring colleges the goal of a white ethnostate, or homeland. and universities across the country to recruit stu- As student activists, you can counter this movement. dents to their brand of bigotry, often igniting pro- In this brochure, the Southern Poverty Law Cen- tests and making national headlines. Their appear- ances have inspired a fierce debate over free speech ter examines the alt-right, profiles its key figures and the direction of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Neo-Nazism in the Usa, United Kingdom and Australia
    TRANSNATIONAL NEO-NAZISM IN THE USA, UNITED KINGDOM AND AUSTRALIA PAUL JACKSON February 2020 JACKSON | PROGRAM ON EXTREMISM About the Program on About the Author Extremism Dr Paul Jackson is a historian of twentieth century and contemporary history, and his main teaching The Program on Extremism at George and research interests focus on understanding the Washington University provides impact of radical and extreme ideologies on wider analysis on issues related to violent and societies. Dr. Jackson’s research currently focuses non-violent extremism. The Program on the dynamics of neo-Nazi, and other, extreme spearheads innovative and thoughtful right ideologies, in Britain and Europe in the post- academic inquiry, producing empirical war period. He is also interested in researching the work that strengthens extremism longer history of radical ideologies and cultures in research as a distinct field of study. The Britain too, especially those linked in some way to Program aims to develop pragmatic the extreme right. policy solutions that resonate with Dr. Jackson’s teaching engages with wider themes policymakers, civic leaders, and the related to the history of fascism, genocide, general public. totalitarian politics and revolutionary ideologies. Dr. Jackson teaches modules on the Holocaust, as well as the history of Communism and fascism. Dr. Jackson regularly writes for the magazine Searchlight on issues related to contemporary extreme right politics. He is a co-editor of the Wiley- Blackwell journal Religion Compass: Modern Ideologies and Faith. Dr. Jackson is also the Editor of the Bloomsbury book series A Modern History of Politics and Violence. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author, and not necessarily those of the Program on Extremism or the George Washington University.
    [Show full text]
  • Article: Why Dylann Roof Is a Terrorist Under Federal Law, and Why It Matters
    ARTICLE: WHY DYLANN ROOF IS A TERRORIST UNDER FEDERAL LAW, AND WHY IT MATTERS Winter, 2017 Reporter 54 Harv. J. on Legis. 259 * Length: 19820 words Author: Jesse J. Norris 1 * Highlight After white supremacist Dylann Roof killed nine African-Americans at a Charleston, South Carolina church, authorities declined to refer to the attack as terrorism. Many objected to the government's apparent double standard in its treatment of Muslim versus non-Muslim extremists and called on the government to treat the massacre as terrorism. Yet the government has neither charged Roof with a terrorist offense nor labeled the attack as terrorism. This Article argues that although the government was unable to charge Roof with terrorist crimes because of the lack of applicable statutes, the Charleston massacre still qualifies as terrorism under federal law. Roof's attack clearly falls under the government's prevailing definition of domestic terrorism. It also qualifies for a terrorism sentencing enhancement, or at least an upward departure from the sentencing guidelines, as well as for the terrorism aggravating factor considered by juries in deciding whether to impose the death penalty. Labeling Roof's attack as terrorism could have several important implications, not only in terms of sentencing, but also in terms of government accountability, the prudent allocation of counterterrorism resources, balanced media coverage, and public cooperation in preventing terrorism. For these reasons, this Article contends that the government should treat the Charleston massacre, and similar ideologically motivated killings, as terrorism. This Article also makes two policy suggestions meant to facilitate a more consistent use of the term terrorism.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 As Leaders of the Civil Rights Organizations Listed Below, We Write
    October 30, 2018 Attorney General Sessions U.S. Department of Justice 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20530-0001 Dear Attorney General Sessions: As leaders of the civil rights organizations listed below, we write in response to the recent horrific hate crimes that occurred last week. Just this past Saturday, the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh was the victim of a shooting during Sabbath services which left 11 worshippers dead. This anti-Semitic attack followed a week in which frequent, prominent leaders who were critics of President Trump were victims of multiple attempted bombing attacks by an alleged supporter of the President. Just a few days ago, an armed gunman tried to enter an African- American church in Kentucky, just before killing two separate Black grandparents in a Kroger parking lot. Earlier this month, members of the “Proud Boys” led a violent assault on protesters in New York City while shouting bigoted slurs. These incidents are the latest in the wave of hate crimes that have increased exponentially over the last two years across the United States. Indeed, in its annual Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents, the Anti-Defamation League reports a 60 percent surge in hate crimes since 2017.1 The Southern Poverty Law Center found that the number of hate groups in the United States in 2017 rose to 953 from 912 in 2016.2 We raised the issue of hate crimes with you directly during an in- person meeting in March 2017 at your offices. These incidents are all too familiar to the African-American community which has been the target of hate-related crimes throughout United States history.
    [Show full text]
  • Domestic Terrorism: an Overview
    Domestic Terrorism: An Overview August 21, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44921 Domestic Terrorism: An Overview Summary The emphasis of counterterrorism policy in the United States since Al Qaeda’s attacks of September 11, 2001 (9/11) has been on jihadist terrorism. However, in the last decade, domestic terrorists—people who commit crimes within the homeland and draw inspiration from U.S.-based extremist ideologies and movements—have killed American citizens and damaged property across the country. Not all of these criminals have been prosecuted under federal terrorism statutes, which does not imply that domestic terrorists are taken any less seriously than other terrorists. The Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) do not officially designate domestic terrorist organizations, but they have openly delineated domestic terrorist “threats.” These include individuals who commit crimes in the name of ideologies supporting animal rights, environmental rights, anarchism, white supremacy, anti-government ideals, black separatism, and beliefs about abortion. The boundary between constitutionally protected legitimate protest and domestic terrorist activity has received public attention. This boundary is highlighted by a number of criminal cases involving supporters of animal rights—one area in which specific legislation related to domestic terrorism has been crafted. The Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act (P.L. 109-374) expands the federal government’s legal authority to combat animal rights extremists who engage in criminal activity. Signed into law in November 2006, it amended the Animal Enterprise Protection Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-346). This report is intended as a primer on the issue, and four discussion topics in it may help explain domestic terrorism’s relevance for policymakers: Level of Activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Testimony of Lecia Brooks Chief of Staff, Southern Poverty Law Center Before the Armed Services Committee United States House of Representatives
    Testimony of Lecia Brooks Chief of Staff, Southern Poverty Law Center before the Armed Services Committee United States House of Representatives Extremism in the Armed Forces March 24, 2021 My name is Lecia Brooks. I am chief of staff of the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC). Thank you for the opportunity to present testimony on extremism in the U.S. Armed Forces and what we can do to address this challenge. Now in our 50th year, the SPLC is a catalyst for racial justice in the South and beyond, working in partnership with communities to dismantle white supremacy, strengthen intersectional movements, and advance the human rights of all people. SPLC lawyers have worked to shut down some of the nation’s most violent white supremacist groups by winning crushing, multimillion-dollar jury verdicts on behalf of their victims. We have helped dismantle vestiges of Jim Crow, reformed juvenile justice practices, shattered barriers to equality for women, children, the LGBTQ+ community, and the disabled, and worked to protect low-wage immigrant workers from exploitation. The SPLC began tracking white supremacist activity in the 1980s, during a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan and other organized extremist hate groups. Today, the SPLC is the premier U.S. nonprofit organization monitoring the activities of domestic hate groups and other extremists. Each year since 1990, we have conducted a census of hate groups operating across America, a list that is used extensively by journalists, law enforcement agencies, and scholars, among others. The SPLC Action Fund is dedicated to fighting for racial justice alongside impacted communities in pursuit of equity and opportunity for all.
    [Show full text]
  • Racism's Occlusion from the Anti-Tom Novel to Charlottesville
    “A Single White Line Running Through a Web of Blackness”: Racism’s Occlusion from the Anti-Tom Novel to Charlottesville by © David Mitterauer submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the English Department Memorial University of Newfoundland August 2019 St. John’s Newfoundland and Labrador Snowflake in the diving glow Contemplating the waves over the ground A grimace of fear and awe Spreading in the crowd around Amazing, unearthly The figure’s face on the temple is me –“Veridical Paradox,” Delusion Squared i Abstract This MA thesis discusses how romance as a literary form makes the Anti-Tom novel a malleable rhetorical vehicle to carry white supremacist ideology. Drawing on an interdisciplinary framework of postcolonial theory and race studies, the thesis analyzes antebellum Anti-Tom novels (Sarah J. Hale’s Liberia [1853]; Caroline Lee Hentz’s The Planter’s Northern Bride [1854]; and Charles Jacobs Peterson’s The Cabin and Parlor [1852]) and expands the genre’s definition to include Thomas Dixon’s The Leopard’s Spots (1902) and contemporary white-supremacist science fictions (William Luther Pierce’s The Turner Diaries [1978]; Ellen Williams’ Bedford: A World Vision [2000]; and Ward Kendall’s Hold Back This Day [2001]). The primary concerns of this thesis are to understand how the American slaveholding past signifies in the present political moment, to understand why the removal of the General Robert E. Lee statue catalyzed the violent riots in Charlottesville, Virginia, in August 2017, and to understand the affective preconditions Donald J.
    [Show full text]
  • Council of Conservative Citizens
    Council of Conservative Citizens Name: Council of Conservative Citizens Type of Organization: Not-for-profit political Ideologies and Affiliations: Far-right homophobic racist white supremacist white nationalist Place of Origin: Atlanta, Georgia Year of Origin: 1985 Founder(s): Gordon Baum (deceased) Places of Operation: St. Louis, Missouri (headquarters); United States Overview Executive Summary: The Council of Conservative Citizens (CCC) is a U.S. not-for-profit organization with a white supremacist and anti-homosexual agenda. The group bills itself as the “only serious nationwide activist group that sticks up for white rights!”1 The CCC grew out of the anti-integration White Citizens’ Councils, also known as the Citizens Councils of America (CCA), which steadily declined in popularity during the 1970s and 1980s.2 In 1985, workers’ compensation attorney and former CCA Midwest field director Gordon Baum and a group of 30 white men created the CCC in Atlanta, Georgia as a successor organization to the CCA.3 At its height in the 1990s, the CCC included some 15,000 members nationwide. 4 The CCC holds protests, rallies, and other events to advocate a white, Christian, and European America. The CCC believes the U.S. government “must reflect Christian beliefs and values” and mass immigration of “non-European and non-Western people” is endangering the United States’ European character.5 The CCC’s website highlights news and claims to educate about so-called “black-on-white violent crime, and in particular, the seemingly endless incidents involving
    [Show full text]
  • WITH HATE in THEIR HEARTS the State of White Supremacy in the United States
    WITH HATE IN THEIR HEARTS The State of White Supremacy in the United States July 2015 ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE Barry Curtiss-Lusher National Chair Jonathan A. Greenblatt National Director Kenneth Jacobson Deputy National Director Milton S. Schneider President, Anti-Defamation League Foundation CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION Christopher Wolf Chair Deborah M. Lauter Director Steven M. Freeman Associate Director Eva Vega-Olds Assistant Director CENTER ON EXTREMISM Mark Pitcavage* Director, Investigative Research Co-Director, Center on Extremism Marilyn Mayo Oren Segal Co-Directors *Report Author For additional and updated resources please see: www.adl.org Copies of this publication are available in the Rita and Leo Greenland Library and Research Center. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The recent tragic shooting spree in June 2015 that took nine lives at Emanuel AME Church, a predominantly African- American church in Charleston, South Carolina, starkly revealed the pain and suffering that someone motivated by hate can cause. The suspect in the shootings, Dylann Storm Roof, is a suspected white supremacist. The horrific incident—following earlier deadly shooting sprees by white supremacists in Kansas, Wisconsin, and elsewhere— makes understanding white supremacy in the United States a necessity. • White supremacist ideology in the United States today is dominated by the belief that whites are doomed to extinction by a rising tide of non-whites who are controlled and manipulated by the Jews—unless action is taken now. This core belief is exemplified by slogans such as the so-called Fourteen Words: “We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children.” • During the recent surge of right-wing extremist activity in the United States that began in 2009, white supremacists did not grow appreciably in numbers, as anti-government extremists did, but existing white supremacists did become more angry and agitated, with a consequent rise of serious white supremacist violence.
    [Show full text]
  • Hate Beyond Borders: the Internationalization of White Supremacy
    Hate Beyond Borders: The Internationalization of White Supremacy Sections 1 Executive Summary 7 Conferences and Events 2 Introduction 8 Connections to Far-Right Political Parties 3 Summary of Country-Specific Ties Between 9 Additional White Supremacist Interaction European and American White Supremacists 10 Conclusion 4 European Influencers 11 Policy Recommendations 5 American Influencers 12 Footnotes 6 Canadian Influencers 13 Partner and Donor Recognition EXECUTIVE SUMMARY We are witnessing the internationalization of the white supremacist movement. Over the past decade, we have seen surging violence in the United States, Europe and beyond motivated by elements of white supremacy from Anders Breivik in Norway to Brenton Tarrant in New Zealand to Patrick Crusius in El Paso, Texas. These killers influence and inspire one another. European and American adherents are learning from each other, supporting each other and reaching new audiences. They feel empowered and emboldened because they perceive that they are influencing the political climate and reaching disaffected whites. 1 / 75 Global access to white supremacist ideology, and its easy dissemination across borders via various social media platforms, means many of the ideas promoted by the white supremacist movement — curtailing of non-white immigration, attacks on globalization and the accompanying conspiracies about elitist globalists — are increasingly part of mainstream political and social rhetoric. Exposing and understanding the connections among white supremacists and the paths by which they spread their hate are the first steps toward countering them. This report lays that groundwork, but continued vigilance and urgent action are necessary. Political leaders, law enforcement, social media companies, and educators have important roles to play and responsibilities to uphold.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Alt-Right', and from the Margins to the Mainstream Aaron Winter (UEL)
    Online Hate: From the Far-Right to the ‘Alt-Right’, and from the Margins to the Mainstream Aaron Winter (UEL) DRAFT. For citation: Winter, Aaron. 2019. ‘Online Hate: From the Far-Right to the ‘Alt-Right’, and from the Margins to the Mainstream’. Online Othering: Exploring violence and discrimination on the web. eds. Karen Lumsden and Emily Harmer. London: Palgrave. Abstract In the 1990s and early 2000s, there was much discussion about the democratic and anti-democratic implications of the internet, the latter particularly focused on the far-right using it to spread hate and recruit. Despite this, the American far-right did not harness it quickly, effectively or widely. More recently though, they have experienced a resurgence and mainstreaming, benefitting greatly from social media. This chapter will examine the history of the American far-right’s use of the internet in light of this, in respect to: 1. How this history developed in response to political changes and emerging technologies; 2. How it reflected and changed the status of such movements and their brand of hate; and 3. The relationship between online activity and traditional forms and methods of communication. Introduction In the late 1990s and early 2000s there was much discussion of both the democratizing and anti-democratic implications of the internet, in the absence of clear controls or regulations and boundaries. In relation to the former thesis were progressive social movements, and in the latter, the far-right using the internet to spread their racist hate, network and recruit both domestically and globally (Back, Keith and Solomos 1998, 73; Daniels 2009, 39-40; Neiwert 2017, 215-216).
    [Show full text]
  • Judicial Ethics: Lessons from the Chicago Eight Trial
    Judicial Ethics: Lessons from the Chicago Eight Trial Laurie L. Levenson* Four things belong to a judge: to hear courteously; to answer wisely; to consider soberly; and to decide impartially. –Socrates1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 879 I. THE CHICAGO EIGHT TRIAL: “UNPRECEDENTED” COURTROOM CONFLICT .............................................................................. 883 II. WHO WAS JUDGE HOFFMAN? .................................................. 886 III. THE JUDGE’S MISSTEPS AND THE LAW’S INADEQUACIES ........ 888 IV. THE EVOLUTION OF THE LAWS ON CONTEMPT AND RECUSAL 891 V. GUIDING JUDICIAL DEMEANOR FROM BEHIND THE BENCH ...... 896 A. Creating More Transparency ...................................... 898 B. Commissions on Judicial Misconduct .......................... 900 C. Judicial Education ....................................................... 901 D. How to Get Judges Who Care About Judicial Demeanor ................................................................... 902 E. Judges as Public Servants ............................................ 904 CONCLUSION ................................................................................. 905 INTRODUCTION In September of 1969, eight defendants—known widely as the “Chicago Eight”2—were charged with conspiracy and, in violation of the federal Anti-Riot Act, “individually crossing state lines and making speeches with intent to ‘incite, organize, promote and encourage’ riots.”3 * Professor of Law & David W. Burcham
    [Show full text]